Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.003
Daniel N. Marco , Oriana Omaña-Iglesias , Gabriela Caballero , Francesc Marco
{"title":"Delayed diagnosis of HIV in migrant patient suffering from opportunistic imported infection","authors":"Daniel N. Marco , Oriana Omaña-Iglesias , Gabriela Caballero , Francesc Marco","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cerebral and spinal neurocysticercosis with extensive myocysticercosis presenting with new-onset convulsive status epilepticus and myopathic symptoms","authors":"Ritwik Ghosh , Moisés León-Ruiz , Souvik Dubey , Julián Benito-León","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139433263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.001
Yiraldine Herrera-Martínez, Álvaro De Bonilla-Damiá, Irene Acevedo-Bañez, José M. Jiménez-Hoyuela García
{"title":"A rare case of ocular pain and unilateral vision loss","authors":"Yiraldine Herrera-Martínez, Álvaro De Bonilla-Damiá, Irene Acevedo-Bañez, José M. Jiménez-Hoyuela García","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139543747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.014
Julio Sempere , Jose Yuste
{"title":"Nasopharyngeal colonization and invasive disease in Streptococcus pneumoniae: Two critical aspects of the pneumococcal pathogenesis with many similarities","authors":"Julio Sempere , Jose Yuste","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2024.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140339368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.04.012
Isabel Losada-Castillo , Isolina Santiago-Pérez , Pedro Miguel Juiz-Gonzalez , Susana Méndez-Lage , María Jesús Purriños-Hermida , Alberto Malvar , José Andrés Agulla-Budiño , Galician Pneumococcal Study Group
Introduction
Streptococcus pneumoniae causes serious diseases in the susceptible population. The 13-valent pneumococci conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was included in the children’s calendar in 2011. The objective of the study was to analyze the evolution of pneumococcal serotypes and their resistance after PCV13.
Methods
This study included the pneumococci serotyped in Galicia in 2011–2021. Antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed following EUCAST criteria. The data was analyzed in 3 sub-periods: initial (2011–2013), middle (2014–2017) and final (2018–2021). The prevalence of serotypes and their percentage of resistance to the most representative antibiotics were calculated.
Results
A total of 2.869 isolates were included. Initially, 42.7% isolates presented capsular types included in PCV13, compared to 15.4% at the end. Those included in PCV20 and not in PCV13 and PCV15 were 12.5% at baseline and 41.3% at the end; 26.4% of the isolates throughout the study had serotypes not included in any vaccine. The prevalence of serotype 8 multiplied almost by 8 and that of 12F tripled. The 19A serotype was initially the most resistant, while the resistance of serotypes 11A and 15A increased throughout the study.
Conclusions
The introduction of PCV13 in the pediatric population determined a change in pneumococcal serotypes towards those included in PCV20 and those not included in any vaccine. Serotype 19A was initially the most resistant and the 15A, not included in any vaccine, deserves special follow-up. Serotype 8, which increased the most, did not show remarkable resistance.
{"title":"Temporal progression of the distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in Galicia (Spain) and its relationship with resistance to antibiotics (period 2011–2021)","authors":"Isabel Losada-Castillo , Isolina Santiago-Pérez , Pedro Miguel Juiz-Gonzalez , Susana Méndez-Lage , María Jesús Purriños-Hermida , Alberto Malvar , José Andrés Agulla-Budiño , Galician Pneumococcal Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span><span>Streptococcus pneumoniae</span></span><span> causes serious diseases in the susceptible population<span><span>. The 13-valent pneumococci conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was included in the children’s calendar in 2011. The objective of the study was to analyze the evolution of pneumococcal </span>serotypes and their resistance after PCV13.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included the pneumococci serotyped in Galicia in 2011–2021. Antibiotic susceptibility<span> was analyzed following EUCAST criteria. The data was analyzed in 3 sub-periods: initial (2011–2013), middle (2014–2017) and final (2018–2021). The prevalence of serotypes and their percentage of resistance to the most representative antibiotics were calculated.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2.869 isolates were included. Initially, 42.7% isolates presented capsular types included in PCV13, compared to 15.4% at the end. Those included in PCV20 and not in PCV13 and PCV15 were 12.5% at baseline and 41.3% at the end; 26.4% of the isolates throughout the study had serotypes not included in any vaccine. The prevalence of serotype 8 multiplied almost by 8 and that of 12F tripled. The 19A serotype was initially the most resistant, while the resistance of serotypes 11A and 15A increased throughout the study.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The introduction of PCV13 in the pediatric population determined a change in pneumococcal serotypes towards those included in PCV20 and those not included in any vaccine. Serotype 19A was initially the most resistant and the 15A, not included in any vaccine, deserves special follow-up. Serotype 8, which increased the most, did not show remarkable resistance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9417494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of this report is to describe the clinical pathway for early treatment of patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the first results of its implementation.
Methods
This is a descriptive and retrospective study of the implementation of a clinical pathway of treatment in outpatients (January 1 to June 30 2022). Clinical pathway: detection and referral systems from Primary Care, Emergency services, hospital specialities and an automated detection system; clinical evaluation and treatment administration in the COVID-19 day-hospital and subsequent clinical follow-up. Explanatory variables: demographics, comorbidity, vaccination status, referral pathways and treatment administration. Outcome variables: hospitalization and death with 30 days, grade 2−3 toxicity related to treatment.
Results
Treatment was administered to 262 patients (53,4% women, median age 60 years). The treatment indication criteria were immunosupression (68,3%), and the combination of age, vaccination status and comorbidity in the rest 47,3% of the patients s received remdesivir, 35,9% nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 13,4% sotrovimab and 2,4% combined treatment with a median of 4 days after symptom onset. Hospital admission was required for 6,1% of the patients, 3,8% related to progression COVID-19. No patient died. Toxicity grade 2−3 toxicity was reported in 18,7%, 89,8% dysgeusia and metallic tasted related nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Seven patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity.
Conclusion
The creation and implementation of a clinical pathway for non-hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is effective and it allows early accessibility and equity of currently available treatments.
{"title":"Mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in vulnerable patients: implementation of a clinical pathway for early treatment","authors":"Héctor Pinargote-Celorio , Silvia Otero-Rodríguez , Pilar González-de-la-Aleja , Juan-Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz , Eduardo Climent , Pablo Chico-Sánchez , Gerónima Riera , Pere Llorens , Marta Aparicio , Inés Montiel , Vicente Boix , Óscar Moreno-Pérez , José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón , Esperanza Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The objective of this report is to describe the clinical pathway for early treatment of patients with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the first results of its implementation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a descriptive and retrospective study of the implementation of a clinical pathway of treatment in outpatients (January 1 to June 30 2022). Clinical pathway: detection and referral systems from Primary Care, Emergency services, hospital specialities and an automated detection system; clinical evaluation and treatment administration in the COVID-19 day-hospital and subsequent clinical follow-up. Explanatory variables: demographics, comorbidity, vaccination status, referral pathways and treatment administration. Outcome variables: hospitalization and death with 30 days, grade 2−3 toxicity related to treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Treatment was administered to 262 patients (53,4% women, median age 60 years). The treatment indication criteria were immunosupression (68,3%), and the combination of age, vaccination status and comorbidity in the rest 47,3% of the patients s received remdesivir, 35,9% nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 13,4% sotrovimab and 2,4% combined treatment with a median of 4 days after symptom onset. Hospital admission was required for 6,1% of the patients, 3,8% related to progression COVID-19. No patient died. Toxicity grade 2−3 toxicity was reported in 18,7%, 89,8% dysgeusia and metallic tasted related nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Seven patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The creation and implementation of a clinical pathway for non-hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection is effective and it allows early accessibility and equity of currently available treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10063154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9593866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.002
Òscar Miró, Emília Miró, Juan González Del Castillo, Míriam Carbó, Alexis Rebollo, Rocío de Paz, Josep Maria Guardiola, Alejandro Smithson, Daniel Iturriza, Cristina Ramió Lluch, Connie Leey, José Ignacio Ferro, Mireia Saura, Jordi Llaneras, Núria Ros, Neus Robert, Emma Picart Puertas, Margarita Sotomayor, Ferran Rodríguez Masià, Paul Salazar, David Domínguez-Fandos, Silvia Buxo, Cristina Oliazola, Alberto Villamor, Emili Gené
Objective: To describe other reasons for requesting HIV serology in emergency departments (ED) other than the 6 defined in the SEMES-GESIDA consensus document (DC-SEMES-GESIDA) and to analyze whether it would be efficient to include any of them in the future.
Methods: Review of all HIV serologies performed during 2 years in 20 Catalan EDs. Serologies requested for reasons not defined by the DC-SEMES-GESIDA were grouped by common conditions, the prevalence (IC95%) of seropositivity for each condition was calculated, and those whose 95% confidence lower limit was >0.1% were considered efficient. Sensitivity analysis considered that serology would have been performed on 20% of cases attended and the remaining 80% would have been seronegative.
Results: There were 8044 serologies performed for 248 conditions not recommended by DC-SEMES-GESIDA, in 17 there were seropositive, and in 12 the performance of HIV serology would be efficient. The highest prevalence of detection corresponded to patients from endemic countries (7.41%, 0.91-24.3), lymphopenia (4.76%, 0.12-23.8), plateletopenia (4.37%, 1.20-10.9), adenopathy (3.45%, 0.42-11.9), meningoencephalitis (3.12%, 0.38-10.8) and drug use (2.50%, 0.68-6.28). Sensitivity analysis confirmed efficiency in 6 of them: endemic country origin, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional disorder-agitation and fever of unknown origin.
Conclusion: The DC-SEMES-GESIDA targeted HIV screening strategy in the ED could efficiently include other circumstances not previously considered; the most cost-effective would be origin from an endemic country, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional-agitation disorder and fever of unknown origin.
{"title":"Analysis of the reasons for requesting HIV serology in the emergency department other than those defined in the targeted screening strategy of the \"Urgències VIHgila\" program and its potential inclusion in a future consensus document.","authors":"Òscar Miró, Emília Miró, Juan González Del Castillo, Míriam Carbó, Alexis Rebollo, Rocío de Paz, Josep Maria Guardiola, Alejandro Smithson, Daniel Iturriza, Cristina Ramió Lluch, Connie Leey, José Ignacio Ferro, Mireia Saura, Jordi Llaneras, Núria Ros, Neus Robert, Emma Picart Puertas, Margarita Sotomayor, Ferran Rodríguez Masià, Paul Salazar, David Domínguez-Fandos, Silvia Buxo, Cristina Oliazola, Alberto Villamor, Emili Gené","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe other reasons for requesting HIV serology in emergency departments (ED) other than the 6 defined in the SEMES-GESIDA consensus document (DC-SEMES-GESIDA) and to analyze whether it would be efficient to include any of them in the future.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Review of all HIV serologies performed during 2 years in 20 Catalan EDs. Serologies requested for reasons not defined by the DC-SEMES-GESIDA were grouped by common conditions, the prevalence (IC95%) of seropositivity for each condition was calculated, and those whose 95% confidence lower limit was >0.1% were considered efficient. Sensitivity analysis considered that serology would have been performed on 20% of cases attended and the remaining 80% would have been seronegative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 8044 serologies performed for 248 conditions not recommended by DC-SEMES-GESIDA, in 17 there were seropositive, and in 12 the performance of HIV serology would be efficient. The highest prevalence of detection corresponded to patients from endemic countries (7.41%, 0.91-24.3), lymphopenia (4.76%, 0.12-23.8), plateletopenia (4.37%, 1.20-10.9), adenopathy (3.45%, 0.42-11.9), meningoencephalitis (3.12%, 0.38-10.8) and drug use (2.50%, 0.68-6.28). Sensitivity analysis confirmed efficiency in 6 of them: endemic country origin, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional disorder-agitation and fever of unknown origin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DC-SEMES-GESIDA targeted HIV screening strategy in the ED could efficiently include other circumstances not previously considered; the most cost-effective would be origin from an endemic country, plateletopenia, drug abuse, toxic syndrome, behavioral-confusional-agitation disorder and fever of unknown origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.004
Oskar Ayerdi, Eva Orviz, Adrián Valls Carbó, Nuria Fernández Piñeiro, Mar Vera García, Teresa Puerta López, Juan Ballesteros Martín, Carmen Rodríguez Martín, Begoña Baza Caraciolo, Clara Lejarraga Cañas, Jorge-Alfredo Pérez-García, Dulce Carrió, Mónica García Lotero, María Ferreras Forcada, Montserrat González Polo, Montserrat Raposo Utrilla, Alberto Delgado-Iribarren, Jorge Del Romero-Guerrero, Vicente Estrada Pérez
Introduction: There is discussion about the frequency of STI screening among pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence of STIs and to evaluate different screening models in order to optimise the follow-up.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted between 2017 and 2023, including 138 PrEP users in a STI clinic. Participants were tested for STIs every three months. Unscheduled visits were performed for those with STI-related symptoms or for people who were notified for an STI by a sexual partner. We performed a survival analysis of repeated events, estimating the cumulative incidence (CI) and incidence rate (IR).
Results: The overall CI by quarterly screening was 8.3 (95% CI: 7.6-9.1) infections per person over six years, with a decreasing trend. The most frequently diagnosed pathogen was Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with a IR of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.84). If the frequency of screening is reduced to every six months, the IR of STIs is reduced by (95% CI: 0.5-0.66) infections per user per year, and at 12 months by 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.89). In the case of no pharyngeal or urethral screening, IR is reduced by 0.37 (95% CI: 0.32-0.42) infections per person per year and in those over 35 years of age by 0.33 (95% CI: 0.25-0.4). Eliminating unscheduled visits, the reduction in IR is 0.33 (95% CI: 0.24-0.42).
Conclusions: The incidence of STIs among PrEP users is high, especially in the rectum, but it does not increase over time. STI screening could be optimised reducing the frequency of pharyngeal and urethral testing, particularly in those over 35 years of age. It is essential to redistribute health resources for unscheduled visits, which have been shown to be the most cost-effective screening.
{"title":"Incidence of sexually transmitted infections and screening models among pre-exposure prophylaxis users.","authors":"Oskar Ayerdi, Eva Orviz, Adrián Valls Carbó, Nuria Fernández Piñeiro, Mar Vera García, Teresa Puerta López, Juan Ballesteros Martín, Carmen Rodríguez Martín, Begoña Baza Caraciolo, Clara Lejarraga Cañas, Jorge-Alfredo Pérez-García, Dulce Carrió, Mónica García Lotero, María Ferreras Forcada, Montserrat González Polo, Montserrat Raposo Utrilla, Alberto Delgado-Iribarren, Jorge Del Romero-Guerrero, Vicente Estrada Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eimce.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is discussion about the frequency of STI screening among pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence of STIs and to evaluate different screening models in order to optimise the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A prospective study was conducted between 2017 and 2023, including 138 PrEP users in a STI clinic. Participants were tested for STIs every three months. Unscheduled visits were performed for those with STI-related symptoms or for people who were notified for an STI by a sexual partner. We performed a survival analysis of repeated events, estimating the cumulative incidence (CI) and incidence rate (IR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall CI by quarterly screening was 8.3 (95% CI: 7.6-9.1) infections per person over six years, with a decreasing trend. The most frequently diagnosed pathogen was Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with a IR of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.84). If the frequency of screening is reduced to every six months, the IR of STIs is reduced by (95% CI: 0.5-0.66) infections per user per year, and at 12 months by 0.82 (95% CI: 0.73-0.89). In the case of no pharyngeal or urethral screening, IR is reduced by 0.37 (95% CI: 0.32-0.42) infections per person per year and in those over 35 years of age by 0.33 (95% CI: 0.25-0.4). Eliminating unscheduled visits, the reduction in IR is 0.33 (95% CI: 0.24-0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of STIs among PrEP users is high, especially in the rectum, but it does not increase over time. STI screening could be optimised reducing the frequency of pharyngeal and urethral testing, particularly in those over 35 years of age. It is essential to redistribute health resources for unscheduled visits, which have been shown to be the most cost-effective screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140141231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.001
Guillermo Platas-Abenza , María Guerrero-Soler , Raissa de Fatima Silva-Afonso , Pilar Gallardo-Rodriguez , Francisco Gil-Sánchez , Isabel Escribano-Cañadas , Carmen M. Benito-Miralles , Noemi Solis-Aniorte , Rocio Carnicer-Bueno , Ana Esclapez-Martínez , Pablo Chico-Sánchez , José Sánchez-Payá , Paula Gras-Valentí
Introduction
Influenza poses a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, with vaccination being one of the most effective measures for its prevention. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in preventing cases of severe influenza in patients admitted to a tertiary hospital during the 2022/23 season.
Methods
Case-control study. All hospitalised patients with a positive result in an RT-PCR for influenza were included. Those who met the criteria for a severe case (pneumonia, sepsis, multi-organ failure, admission to ICU or exitus) were considered cases. Those who did not meet these criteria were considered controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) to prevent severe cases and its 95% confidence interval were calculated.
Results
A total of 403 patients were admitted with confirmed influenza. Of these, 98 (24.3%) developed severe influenza. Of the total, 50.6% were men and 47.1% were over 65 years of age. VE adjusted for influenza type, age and certain comorbidities was 40.6% (−21.9 to 71.1). In a segmented analysis, influenza vaccine was effective in preventing severe cases in all categories. It was particularly relevant in the 65+ age group (VEa = 60.9%; −2.0 to 85.0) and in patients with influenza A (VEa = 56.7%; 1.5–80.9).
Conclusion
Influenza vaccination markedly reduced the occurrence of severe cases of influenza in hospitalised patients, therefore, it remains the main strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality and associated costs.
{"title":"Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in preventing severe cases of influenza: Season 2022/2023","authors":"Guillermo Platas-Abenza , María Guerrero-Soler , Raissa de Fatima Silva-Afonso , Pilar Gallardo-Rodriguez , Francisco Gil-Sánchez , Isabel Escribano-Cañadas , Carmen M. Benito-Miralles , Noemi Solis-Aniorte , Rocio Carnicer-Bueno , Ana Esclapez-Martínez , Pablo Chico-Sánchez , José Sánchez-Payá , Paula Gras-Valentí","doi":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eimce.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Influenza poses a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, with vaccination being one of the most effective measures for its prevention. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in preventing cases of severe influenza in patients admitted to a tertiary hospital during the 2022/23 season.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Case-control study. All hospitalised patients with a positive result in an RT-PCR for influenza were included. Those who met the criteria for a severe case (pneumonia, sepsis, multi-organ failure, admission to ICU or exitus) were considered cases. Those who did not meet these criteria were considered controls. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) to prevent severe cases and its 95% confidence interval were calculated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 403 patients were admitted with confirmed influenza. Of these, 98 (24.3%) developed severe influenza. Of the total, 50.6% were men and 47.1% were over 65 years of age. VE adjusted for influenza type, age and certain comorbidities was 40.6% (−21.9 to 71.1). In a segmented analysis, influenza vaccine was effective in preventing severe cases in all categories. It was particularly relevant in the 65+ age group (VEa = 60.9%; −2.0 to 85.0) and in patients with influenza A (VEa = 56.7%; 1.5–80.9).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Influenza vaccination markedly reduced the occurrence of severe cases of influenza in hospitalised patients, therefore, it remains the main strategy to reduce morbidity and mortality and associated costs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72916,"journal":{"name":"Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eimce.2024.02.001
Juan Cantón De Seoane , María de los Ángeles Gómez Ruiz , Marta Rodríguez Sanz
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