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Gaston Labat, the Mayo Clinic, and the Introduction of Regional Anesthesia to the United States 加斯东-拉巴特、梅奥诊所和将区域麻醉引入美国

European journal for the history of medicine and health

Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20240001

Asher Orkaby, Sukumar Desai

Throughout the nineteenth century, transatlantic medical research and training was largely dominated by Western European hospitals. Americans trained in German, Austrian, French, and British medical schools and hospitals, and then returned to work in relatively subpar hospitals and medical schools in the U.S. This relationship was reversed after wwi, with European doctors seeking transition to a comparatively well-funded and respected medical community in the U.S. Recruited in 1920 from a French hospital system to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, the young surgeon Gaston Labat (1897–1934) became a pioneer in the development of regional anesthesiology and pain management practices in America, establishing the Mayo Clinic as a leader in this nascent field. Published in the U.S. in 1922, Labat’s textbook Regional Anesthesia was based upon his earlier years of work in Paris and came to define the field over the subsequent decades. Labat moved to Bellevue Hospital in New York City, and in 1923 founded the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (asra). The asra acted as an engine of transformation in the professionalization of the field of anesthesia in the U.S. and formed part of the organized response to the opioid crises that emerged in the early twentieth century. Labat’s story serves as a window into this period of transition in global medical leadership and the introduction of regional anesthesiology and acute pain management, based upon European medical practice.

在整个十九世纪，跨大西洋医学研究和培训主要由西欧医院主导。美国人在德国、奥地利、法国和英国的医学院和医院接受培训，然后回到美国相对较差的医院和医学院工作。这种关系在二战后发生了逆转，欧洲医生寻求过渡到资金相对充足、受人尊敬的美国医学界。1920 年，年轻的外科医生加斯东-拉巴特（Gaston Labat，1897-1934 年）从一家法国医院系统应聘到明尼苏达州罗切斯特的梅奥诊所，成为美国区域麻醉学和疼痛治疗实践发展的先驱，并将梅奥诊所打造成这一新兴领域的领导者。拉巴特的教科书《区域麻醉学》于 1922 年在美国出版，这本教科书以他早年在巴黎的工作为基础，并在随后的几十年中逐渐定义了这一领域。拉巴特搬到了纽约市的贝尔维尤医院，并于1923年成立了美国区域麻醉学会（asra）。美国区域麻醉学会推动了美国麻醉领域的专业化改革，并成为应对二十世纪初出现的阿片类药物危机的有组织对策的一部分。拉巴特的故事为我们打开了一扇窗口，让我们了解全球医疗领导力的转型期，以及以欧洲医疗实践为基础的区域麻醉学和急性疼痛管理的引入。

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引用次数: 0

Gaston Labat, the Mayo Clinic, and the Introduction of Regional Anesthesia to the United States 加斯东-拉巴特、梅奥诊所和将区域麻醉引入美国

European journal for the history of medicine and health

Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20240001

Asher Orkaby, Sukumar Desai

Throughout the nineteenth century, transatlantic medical research and training was largely dominated by Western European hospitals. Americans trained in German, Austrian, French, and British medical schools and hospitals, and then returned to work in relatively subpar hospitals and medical schools in the U.S. This relationship was reversed after wwi, with European doctors seeking transition to a comparatively well-funded and respected medical community in the U.S. Recruited in 1920 from a French hospital system to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, the young surgeon Gaston Labat (1897–1934) became a pioneer in the development of regional anesthesiology and pain management practices in America, establishing the Mayo Clinic as a leader in this nascent field. Published in the U.S. in 1922, Labat’s textbook Regional Anesthesia was based upon his earlier years of work in Paris and came to define the field over the subsequent decades. Labat moved to Bellevue Hospital in New York City, and in 1923 founded the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (asra). The asra acted as an engine of transformation in the professionalization of the field of anesthesia in the U.S. and formed part of the organized response to the opioid crises that emerged in the early twentieth century. Labat’s story serves as a window into this period of transition in global medical leadership and the introduction of regional anesthesiology and acute pain management, based upon European medical practice.

在整个十九世纪，跨大西洋医学研究和培训主要由西欧医院主导。美国人在德国、奥地利、法国和英国的医学院和医院接受培训，然后回到美国相对较差的医院和医学院工作。这种关系在二战后发生了逆转，欧洲医生寻求过渡到资金相对充足、受人尊敬的美国医学界。1920 年，年轻的外科医生加斯东-拉巴特（Gaston Labat，1897-1934 年）从一家法国医院系统应聘到明尼苏达州罗切斯特的梅奥诊所，成为美国区域麻醉学和疼痛治疗实践发展的先驱，并将梅奥诊所打造成这一新兴领域的领导者。拉巴特的教科书《区域麻醉学》于 1922 年在美国出版，这本教科书以他早年在巴黎的工作为基础，并在随后的几十年中逐渐定义了这一领域。拉巴特搬到了纽约市的贝尔维尤医院，并于1923年成立了美国区域麻醉学会（asra）。美国区域麻醉学会推动了美国麻醉领域的专业化改革，并成为应对二十世纪初出现的阿片类药物危机的有组织对策的一部分。拉巴特的故事为我们打开了一扇窗口，让我们了解全球医疗领导力的转型期，以及以欧洲医疗实践为基础的区域麻醉学和急性疼痛管理的引入。

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