Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20230019
Javier Moscoso
{"title":"Feeling Dis-Ease in Modern History: Experiencing Medicine and Illness, edited by Rob Boddice and Bettina Hizter","authors":"Javier Moscoso","doi":"10.1163/26667711-20230019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-20230019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"47 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139252109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10033
Herbert J. Mattie
The concept of the plague doctor, as it comes down to us from history – wearing a mask, a long robe, hat and gloves, and carrying a cane – is compiled from at least three sources, each of them having their own intrinsic obliquity: the prints from 1656, the descriptions in Michel de Saint-Martin’s book about Charles de Lorme, and the print and description in Jean-Jacques Manget’s plague treatise from 1721. This article focuses on the description of the plague suit in Charles de Lorme’s biography by Saint-Martin. This biographer had a reputation for being eccentric and gullible, and there are assertions in his book that are demonstrably incorrect. Still, if Saint-Martin’s description is to be trusted, then de Lorme’s plague suit bore hardly any resemblance to the well-known images of the plague doctor, whose historicity is already very dubious. The habit of merging these contradictory data commenced in the context of retrospection when ppe gained renewed relevance around the turn of the twentieth century. Scholars and educators should be aware of this when they use depictions and descriptions of plague doctors in the context of the history of medicine.
历史上流传下来的鼠疫医生的概念--戴面具、穿长袍、戴帽子和手套、拿手杖--至少有三种来源，每种来源都有其固有的斜度：1656 年的印刷品、米歇尔-德-圣马丁（Michel de Saint-Martin）关于夏尔-德-洛尔姆（Charles de Lorme）的书中的描述，以及让-雅克-曼盖（Jean-Jacques Manget）1721 年的鼠疫论文中的印刷品和描述。本文的重点是圣马丁（Saint-Martin）在《夏尔-德-罗尔姆传》中对鼠疫服的描述。这位传记作者以古怪和易受骗而闻名，他书中的一些断言显然是不正确的。不过，如果圣马丁的描述可信的话，那么德-洛尔姆的鼠疫服与众所周知的鼠疫医生形象几乎没有任何相似之处，而后者的历史性已经非常可疑了。在 20 世纪之交鼠疫研究重新获得相关性的背景下，人们开始习惯于将这些相互矛盾的资料合并在一起进行回顾。学者和教育工作者在医学史中使用对鼠疫医生的描绘和描述时应注意这一点。
{"title":"Men in Tights: Charles De Lorme (1584–1678) and the First Plague Costume","authors":"Herbert J. Mattie","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10033","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of the plague doctor, as it comes down to us from history – wearing a mask, a long robe, hat and gloves, and carrying a cane – is compiled from at least three sources, each of them having their own intrinsic obliquity: the prints from 1656, the descriptions in Michel de Saint-Martin’s book about Charles de Lorme, and the print and description in Jean-Jacques Manget’s plague treatise from 1721. This article focuses on the description of the plague suit in Charles de Lorme’s biography by Saint-Martin. This biographer had a reputation for being eccentric and gullible, and there are assertions in his book that are demonstrably incorrect. Still, if Saint-Martin’s description is to be trusted, then de Lorme’s plague suit bore hardly any resemblance to the well-known images of the plague doctor, whose historicity is already very dubious. The habit of merging these contradictory data commenced in the context of retrospection when ppe gained renewed relevance around the turn of the twentieth century. Scholars and educators should be aware of this when they use depictions and descriptions of plague doctors in the context of the history of medicine.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139287332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10030
Tim Debroyer
The introduction of antibiotics shortly after the Second World War constituted a turning point in the history of tuberculosis, since the disease came to be perceived as a treatable one which was thereby thought to no longer pose a threat to public health. This narrative, however, downplayed the role of the sanatorium in the treatment of tuberculosis, as well as the long-term consequences of the disease for those people who had once been affected. The article explores the emergence, the causes, but also the implications of these narratives of a sudden triumph over tuberculosis by studying the Elisabeth sanatorium of Sijsele in Belgium. The persistence and even resurgence of tuberculosis in the post-war period is reflected in archival information and interviews with former staff members and patients which indicate how the sanatorium and its communal living structures and practices lingered on. Moreover, such triumphalist narratives enabled a societal silence, which made coping with the aftermath of tuberculosis all the more challenging for former patients.
{"title":"The End of Tuberculosis? A Belgian Sanatorium and Questionable Narratives of the Triumph Over Disease (1947–1986)","authors":"Tim Debroyer","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10030","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of antibiotics shortly after the Second World War constituted a turning point in the history of tuberculosis, since the disease came to be perceived as a treatable one which was thereby thought to no longer pose a threat to public health. This narrative, however, downplayed the role of the sanatorium in the treatment of tuberculosis, as well as the long-term consequences of the disease for those people who had once been affected. The article explores the emergence, the causes, but also the implications of these narratives of a sudden triumph over tuberculosis by studying the Elisabeth sanatorium of Sijsele in Belgium. The persistence and even resurgence of tuberculosis in the post-war period is reflected in archival information and interviews with former staff members and patients which indicate how the sanatorium and its communal living structures and practices lingered on. Moreover, such triumphalist narratives enabled a societal silence, which made coping with the aftermath of tuberculosis all the more challenging for former patients.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139283320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10032
Bob Pierik
The idea that water-drinking is healthy took shape in medical science throughout Europe from the seventeenth century onwards. This article adds new insights to this development through a focus on the Dutch field of medicine between 1630 and 1750. It shows how a major scientific context for this shift could be found in the specific combination of Helmontian iatrochemistry and Cartesian medicine. Yet, the development of thinking about drinking water was also very much shaped by social practices and technological advances outside of medicine. Chronologically, the increased social practice of the capture of rainwater and the technological improvements of cisterns and filtration systems in the seventeenth century precede the more positive medical opinion on water in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century. The idea that water-drinking was beneficial came into medicine through social practice, rather than the other way around. In the eighteenth century, water-drinking was seen as beneficial in the mainstream of medicine, with explicit references being made to earlier technological advances in filtration.
{"title":"Shifting Attitudes to Drinking Common Water in Dutch Medicine, 1630–1750","authors":"Bob Pierik","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The idea that water-drinking is healthy took shape in medical science throughout Europe from the seventeenth century onwards. This article adds new insights to this development through a focus on the Dutch field of medicine between 1630 and 1750. It shows how a major scientific context for this shift could be found in the specific combination of Helmontian iatrochemistry and Cartesian medicine. Yet, the development of thinking about drinking water was also very much shaped by social practices and technological advances outside of medicine. Chronologically, the increased social practice of the capture of rainwater and the technological improvements of cisterns and filtration systems in the seventeenth century precede the more positive medical opinion on water in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century. The idea that water-drinking was beneficial came into medicine through social practice, rather than the other way around. In the eighteenth century, water-drinking was seen as beneficial in the mainstream of medicine, with explicit references being made to earlier technological advances in filtration.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81724274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10031
Hadrien Viraben
This article presents the initial results of a research project on the history of physician-artists in the twentieth century, at the intersection between the history of amateur art and the history of the medical profession. In 1909, the Paris “Salon des médecins” (Physicians’ Salon) was created, following in the footsteps of other so-called “corporative” amateur art exhibitions dedicated to particular professional groups. The Salon’s activities also played a role in debates about the physician’s professional identity, especially regarding the role of the humanities and the arts in medical training and practice. This article retraces the history of the Salon des médecins, from its inception through to the rise of “medical humanism” in 1930s France. After outlining the context in which the Salon was founded, the article firstly analyses the social group constituted by the exhibitors, examining, on the one hand, its representativeness within the field of health professionals, and on the other, its representations of the physician-artist as the new face of the humanist doctor. The article also explores the individual case of Raimond Sabouraud, examining the ways in which he embodied the ideal of the physician-artist and the room for manoeuvre that this ideal allowed.
本文介绍了一项关于20世纪医师艺术家历史的研究项目的初步结果，该项目位于业余美术史和医学专业史之间的交叉点。1909年，巴黎“医师沙龙”(Salon des m decins)成立，紧随其他所谓的“法人”业余艺术展览的脚步，专门为特定的专业团体举办。沙龙的活动还在关于医生职业身份的辩论中发挥了作用，特别是关于人文和艺术在医疗培训和实践中的作用。这篇文章追溯了医学会的历史，从它的开始到20世纪30年代法国“医学人文主义”的兴起。在概述了沙龙成立的背景之后，文章首先分析了参展商构成的社会群体，一方面检查了其在卫生专业人员领域的代表性，另一方面检查了作为人文主义医生新面孔的医生艺术家的代表。这篇文章还探讨了雷蒙德·萨布罗德的个人案例，考察了他体现医生艺术家理想的方式，以及这种理想所允许的回旋余地。
{"title":"The Paris Salon des Médecins (1909–1939): Amateur Art and Professional Culture","authors":"Hadrien Viraben","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article presents the initial results of a research project on the history of physician-artists in the twentieth century, at the intersection between the history of amateur art and the history of the medical profession. In 1909, the Paris “Salon des médecins” (Physicians’ Salon) was created, following in the footsteps of other so-called “corporative” amateur art exhibitions dedicated to particular professional groups. The Salon’s activities also played a role in debates about the physician’s professional identity, especially regarding the role of the humanities and the arts in medical training and practice. This article retraces the history of the Salon des médecins, from its inception through to the rise of “medical humanism” in 1930s France. After outlining the context in which the Salon was founded, the article firstly analyses the social group constituted by the exhibitors, examining, on the one hand, its representativeness within the field of health professionals, and on the other, its representations of the physician-artist as the new face of the humanist doctor. The article also explores the individual case of Raimond Sabouraud, examining the ways in which he embodied the ideal of the physician-artist and the room for manoeuvre that this ideal allowed.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84669981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1163/26667711-80010000
{"title":"Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/26667711-80010000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-80010000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135237251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20230010
V. Barras, H. Fangerau, Vasia Lekka, J. Nieznanowska, H. Steinke
{"title":"Eighty years of Gesnerus and the European Journal for the History of Medicine and Health","authors":"V. Barras, H. Fangerau, Vasia Lekka, J. Nieznanowska, H. Steinke","doi":"10.1163/26667711-20230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-20230010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"264 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77148361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01Epub Date: 2022-08-11DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10022
Daniel O'Neill, Anna Greenwood
This article explores some of the marketing strategies associated with the British tobacco industry's sponsorship of sport during the 1960s and 1970s. It focuses on the British cigarette and tobacco manufacturer John Player & Sons and the firm's pioneering initiative to sponsor one-day cricket, which began with the John Player League in 1969. The league was enormously popular and gained significant broadcast coverage, becoming an invaluable means of increasing public exposure for the company, in the context of the ban of cigarette advertising from British television. At a time when the link between smoking and disease was making headlines, John Player & Sons nimbly deflected attention away from the health issue, and instead consciously repositioned the tobacco company as a generous benefactor of the nation's sport and leisure. Less conspicuously, but even more powerfully, spokespeople for the tobacco industry actively mobilised influential opinion behind the scenes in political circles. We show particularly how Denis Howell, Minister for Sport from 1964 to 1969 and from 1974 to 1979, became a valuable ally, acting as a bulwark against more restrictive government interventions into the sponsorship of sports by the tobacco industry. This alliance exposes changing industry-government relations and presents new historical context to better understand the way British tobacco manufacturers proactively sought to elide restrictions on their advertising activities from the 1980s onwards.
{"title":"\"Bringing you the best\": John Player & Sons, Cricket, and the Politics of Tobacco Sport Sponsorship in Britain, 1969-1986.","authors":"Daniel O'Neill, Anna Greenwood","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10022","DOIUrl":"10.1163/26667711-bja10022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores some of the marketing strategies associated with the British tobacco industry's sponsorship of sport during the 1960s and 1970s. It focuses on the British cigarette and tobacco manufacturer John Player & Sons and the firm's pioneering initiative to sponsor one-day cricket, which began with the John Player League in 1969. The league was enormously popular and gained significant broadcast coverage, becoming an invaluable means of increasing public exposure for the company, in the context of the ban of cigarette advertising from British television. At a time when the link between smoking and disease was making headlines, John Player & Sons nimbly deflected attention away from the health issue, and instead consciously repositioned the tobacco company as a generous benefactor of the nation's sport and leisure. Less conspicuously, but even more powerfully, spokespeople for the tobacco industry actively mobilised influential opinion behind the scenes in political circles. We show particularly how Denis Howell, Minister for Sport from 1964 to 1969 and from 1974 to 1979, became a valuable ally, acting as a bulwark against more restrictive government interventions into the sponsorship of sports by the tobacco industry. This alliance exposes changing industry-government relations and presents new historical context to better understand the way British tobacco manufacturers proactively sought to elide restrictions on their advertising activities from the 1980s onwards.</p>","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"80 1","pages":"152-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7614717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1163/26667711-bja10029
M. Myllykangas
During the Continuation War of 1941–1944, Finnish medical experts began to encounter military patients suffering from chest pains, breathlessness, palpitations, fatigue, and many other symptoms which could not be explained by somatic findings. In the history of medicine, these symptoms and a plethora of associated diagnoses (such as ‘Da Costa syndrome’, ‘soldier’s heart’, ‘effort syndrome’, ‘nca’, ‘neurocirculatory dystonia’, and so on) have been studied for the most part in the contexts of war, especially in connection with World War I. Most of medical and psychiatric discussion of the syndrome in Finland, however, took place after World War ii. Importantly, this included the emergence of an informal public education campaign which sought to promote an understanding of the harmlessness of ‘functional cardiac symptoms’. In this article, I examine the development and transformations of the discourse of functional cardiac symptoms in Finland through an analysis of the medical discussions. The post-war introduction of medical theories of stress and psychosomatic medicine had a significant impact on how the complaints related to functional cardiac symptoms were addressed. I aim to show that the rethinking of the connection between mind and body, as well as the increasing understanding of hormonal functions of the body, adjusted the demarcation between somatic medicine and psychiatry following the dissemination of psychosomatic medicine and the concept of stress.
{"title":"What Does Your Heart Tell You? A Reconceptualization of Functional Cardiac Symptoms in Finland (1940s–1980s)","authors":"M. Myllykangas","doi":"10.1163/26667711-bja10029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-bja10029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000During the Continuation War of 1941–1944, Finnish medical experts began to encounter military patients suffering from chest pains, breathlessness, palpitations, fatigue, and many other symptoms which could not be explained by somatic findings. In the history of medicine, these symptoms and a plethora of associated diagnoses (such as ‘Da Costa syndrome’, ‘soldier’s heart’, ‘effort syndrome’, ‘nca’, ‘neurocirculatory dystonia’, and so on) have been studied for the most part in the contexts of war, especially in connection with World War I. Most of medical and psychiatric discussion of the syndrome in Finland, however, took place after World War ii. Importantly, this included the emergence of an informal public education campaign which sought to promote an understanding of the harmlessness of ‘functional cardiac symptoms’. In this article, I examine the development and transformations of the discourse of functional cardiac symptoms in Finland through an analysis of the medical discussions. The post-war introduction of medical theories of stress and psychosomatic medicine had a significant impact on how the complaints related to functional cardiac symptoms were addressed. I aim to show that the rethinking of the connection between mind and body, as well as the increasing understanding of hormonal functions of the body, adjusted the demarcation between somatic medicine and psychiatry following the dissemination of psychosomatic medicine and the concept of stress.","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79095919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-05DOI: 10.1163/26667711-20230009
Ximo Guillem-Llobat
{"title":"Angela N. H. Creager and Jean-Paul Gaudillière (eds.), Risk on the Table: Food Production, Health, and the Environment","authors":"Ximo Guillem-Llobat","doi":"10.1163/26667711-20230009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26667711-20230009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72967,"journal":{"name":"European journal for the history of medicine and health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84975880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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