Pub Date : 2023-03-29DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.2.377
E. Nya, I. Uffia, Godwin Elijah, M. Eka, Lucy Owoh
Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd is extensively cultivated vegetable in the agro-ecological zone of the tropical rainforest. It grows to the height of about 10-100 cm tall, bearing small pink flowers, some with white to light purple flowers and with fleshy light green to forest green leaves with swollen roots. It is one of the commonly preferred leafy vegetables in southern Nigeria and Cameroon, where it is used in thickening of soup and as additive in increasing the bulk of stews. It is now attracting considerable interest worldwide as medicinal plant and spice. Previously, we have carried out the morphological characterization of this plant germplasm, where we reported paucity of information on the genetics and molecular characteristics of the plant. This present study aimed at carrying out molecular characterization of different land races of Talinum triangulare germplasm with a view to describing the genetic information / traits of the available land races. The different land races of Talinum triangulare were collected from different part of Nigeria including Uyo, AkwaIbom State bordering Cameroon republic. The research work was carried out at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Laboratory, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. High quality total DNA was isolated from the different Talinumsamples, quantified and cross examined for purity. The genomic DNA samples were treated to PCR amplification using different primers (ribulosebisphosphatecarboxylase rbcL, trnH-psbA intergenic spacer trn H-psbA, maturase K matK, nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS) and DNAbarcoding technique. Gel electrophoresis was performed and the fragment of the intact DNAi.e. the amplicons was gel eluted, subjected to sequencing and the Basic local alignment search tool BLAST were carry out to verify the sequence homology. Nevertheless, no difference was detected among the Talinum samples, signifying that the land races were genotypically identical and that the phenotypical differences observed were invariably due to environments.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Talinum triangulare (Jacq.)Wild Germplasm Using DNA Barcoding Method","authors":"E. Nya, I. Uffia, Godwin Elijah, M. Eka, Lucy Owoh","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.2.377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.2.377","url":null,"abstract":"Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd is extensively cultivated vegetable in the agro-ecological zone of the tropical rainforest. It grows to the height of about 10-100 cm tall, bearing small pink flowers, some with white to light purple flowers and with fleshy light green to forest green leaves with swollen roots. It is one of the commonly preferred leafy vegetables in southern Nigeria and Cameroon, where it is used in thickening of soup and as additive in increasing the bulk of stews. It is now attracting considerable interest worldwide as medicinal plant and spice. Previously, we have carried out the morphological characterization of this plant germplasm, where we reported paucity of information on the genetics and molecular characteristics of the plant. This present study aimed at carrying out molecular characterization of different land races of Talinum triangulare germplasm with a view to describing the genetic information / traits of the available land races. The different land races of Talinum triangulare were collected from different part of Nigeria including Uyo, AkwaIbom State bordering Cameroon republic. The research work was carried out at International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Laboratory, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. High quality total DNA was isolated from the different Talinumsamples, quantified and cross examined for purity. The genomic DNA samples were treated to PCR amplification using different primers (ribulosebisphosphatecarboxylase rbcL, trnH-psbA intergenic spacer trn H-psbA, maturase K matK, nuclear internal transcribed spacer ITS) and DNAbarcoding technique. Gel electrophoresis was performed and the fragment of the intact DNAi.e. the amplicons was gel eluted, subjected to sequencing and the Basic local alignment search tool BLAST were carry out to verify the sequence homology. Nevertheless, no difference was detected among the Talinum samples, signifying that the land races were genotypically identical and that the phenotypical differences observed were invariably due to environments.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41970578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.378
E. Nya, Lucy Owoh, O. Udofia, I. Udosen, E. Ogidi, Godwin Elijah
Gnetum africanum is a twisted woody climbing wild plant i.e.liana found growing naturally in dense equatorial rainforest but currently domesticated in tropical areas of the world. There has been taxonomic confusion in classifying this liana due to its observable diverse morphological characters. Indeed, morphological characterization alone has not offered the needed solution. However, there is dearth of information on the molecular characterization of Gnetum africanum. Morphological and molecular descriptors, could help offers the needed phenotypic and genotypic characterization of this plant much better. This study is aimed at characterizing Gnetum africanum land races to identify species that could be used for the development of high yielding hybrids. Three different land races or accessions of Gnetum africanum was collected from different locations in Nigeria. High quality genomic DNA was isolated from the different samples; it was checked for purity and quantified as appropriate. The DNA samples were subjected to PCR amplification and DNA barcoding studies (chloroplast large subunit of ribulose -1, 5-bisphophate carboxylase rbcL gene). The amplicons were gel eluted, sequenced and checked for homology by using Basic local alignment search tool -BLAST. Identification was obtained from the top similar outcomes of the samples. For Ekim Fig. 1b sample, the forward blast showed 95% similarity with Basella alba voucherID: NC041293.1 and the reverse had 88% similarity with Talinum fruticosum cultivar ID: MK598685.1. For Etinan Fig. 1a sample, the forward blast had 86% similarity with Rhabdothamnussolandri voucher ID: JQ933464.1 and for reverse, there was no similarity founded.
非洲Gnetum africanum是一种扭曲的木质攀援野生植物，即藤本植物，生长在茂密的赤道雨林中，但目前在世界热带地区被驯化。由于其可观察到的不同形态特征，在对这种藤本植物进行分类时存在分类混乱。事实上，形态学表征本身并没有提供所需的解决方案。然而，关于非洲Gnetum的分子特征的信息却很少。形态学和分子描述符，可以帮助更好地提供这种植物所需的表型和基因型特征。这项研究旨在表征非洲Gnetum陆地小种，以确定可用于开发高产杂交种的物种。非洲Gnetum africanum的三个不同的陆地种族或材料是从尼日利亚的不同地点采集的。从不同的样品中分离出高质量的基因组DNA；对其纯度进行检查，并酌情进行定量。对DNA样品进行PCR扩增和DNA条形码研究（核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶rbcL基因的叶绿体大亚基）。使用基本局部比对搜索工具-BLAST对扩增子进行凝胶洗脱、测序和同源性检查。鉴定是从样本的顶部相似结果中获得的。对于Ekim Fig.1b样品，正向冲击波与Basella alba voucherID:NC041293.1具有95%的相似性，反向冲击波与Talinum fruticosum栽培品种ID:MK598685.1具有88%的相似性。对于Etinan Fig.1a样品，正向爆破与Rhabdothamnusolandri凭证ID:JQ933464.1具有86%的相似性，而对于反向爆破，没有发现相似性。
{"title":"Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Gnetum africanum (Welw.) Germplasm Using DNA Barcoding Method","authors":"E. Nya, Lucy Owoh, O. Udofia, I. Udosen, E. Ogidi, Godwin Elijah","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.378","url":null,"abstract":"Gnetum africanum is a twisted woody climbing wild plant i.e.liana found growing naturally in dense equatorial rainforest but currently domesticated in tropical areas of the world. There has been taxonomic confusion in classifying this liana due to its observable diverse morphological characters. Indeed, morphological characterization alone has not offered the needed solution. However, there is dearth of information on the molecular characterization of Gnetum africanum. Morphological and molecular descriptors, could help offers the needed phenotypic and genotypic characterization of this plant much better. This study is aimed at characterizing Gnetum africanum land races to identify species that could be used for the development of high yielding hybrids. Three different land races or accessions of Gnetum africanum was collected from different locations in Nigeria. High quality genomic DNA was isolated from the different samples; it was checked for purity and quantified as appropriate. The DNA samples were subjected to PCR amplification and DNA barcoding studies (chloroplast large subunit of ribulose -1, 5-bisphophate carboxylase rbcL gene). The amplicons were gel eluted, sequenced and checked for homology by using Basic local alignment search tool -BLAST. Identification was obtained from the top similar outcomes of the samples. For Ekim Fig. 1b sample, the forward blast showed 95% similarity with Basella alba voucherID: NC041293.1 and the reverse had 88% similarity with Talinum fruticosum cultivar ID: MK598685.1. For Etinan Fig. 1a sample, the forward blast had 86% similarity with Rhabdothamnussolandri voucher ID: JQ933464.1 and for reverse, there was no similarity founded.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48671781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thermophilic fungi have often been proposed as magnificent sources, since, they grow in extremely harsh temperatures, ranging between 20-50 °C. They have ability to produce industrially germane thermo-resistant enzymes that can endure the austere environment of industrialized procedures, and have outspread mercantile acceptability in food, paper, feed, pulp and also in textile industries. The isolates of numerous thermophilic fungi are sources of biotechnologically valuable enzymes like pectinases, laccases, xylanases, phytases, proteases and cellulases etc., which display high levels of temperature tolerances up to a maximum range of 72 °C. Despite lesser-known knowledge about them, they have already aided humans in many ways and still have lot more to give. In the subsequent years, the utilization of thermostable enzymes is anticipated to escalate exponentially due to their role in biofuels. In this review I describe about their isolation from their respective habitat, production of thermostable enzymes and their applications in industry, which helped scientists to break through the field of Industrial Biotechnology.
{"title":"Review on Thermozymes Produced by Thermophilic Fungi: A Gold Mine for Industrial Applications","authors":"Ifra Erum Mohammad, S. Syed, Maheswara Reddy Darukamalli, Krishna Satya Alapati","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Thermophilic fungi have often been proposed as magnificent sources, since, they grow in extremely harsh temperatures, ranging between 20-50 °C. They have ability to produce industrially germane thermo-resistant enzymes that can endure the austere environment of industrialized procedures, and have outspread mercantile acceptability in food, paper, feed, pulp and also in textile industries. The isolates of numerous thermophilic fungi are sources of biotechnologically valuable enzymes like pectinases, laccases, xylanases, phytases, proteases and cellulases etc., which display high levels of temperature tolerances up to a maximum range of 72 °C. Despite lesser-known knowledge about them, they have already aided humans in many ways and still have lot more to give. In the subsequent years, the utilization of thermostable enzymes is anticipated to escalate exponentially due to their role in biofuels. In this review I describe about their isolation from their respective habitat, production of thermostable enzymes and their applications in industry, which helped scientists to break through the field of Industrial Biotechnology.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43894611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-06DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.446
Danang Budi Setyawan
Utilizing rice hulls as growing media is commonly practiced. However, it had low valued of Water Holding Capacity (WHC) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) which caused rice hulls is considered as a low quality as growing media for plants. Based on previous study, pyrolysis could alter physical and chemical properties of rice hulls to form char. The aim of this study was to evaluate pyrolysis process by compare physical and chemical properties. This research was conducted at two peak temperatures (450 oC and 550 oC) with four different incubation periods (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes). Particle size distribution, porosity, WHC, air pores, pH, and CEC values were then analyzed as the physical and chemical properties. Char resulted from pyrolysis at 450 oC with incubation period of 15 minutes produced the best physical and chemical properties among others pyrolysis treatment with dominant particle size with diameter 0.5-1 mm was 61.63 %; porosity 88.09 %; WHC 36.76 %; pH 8.57; and CEC 14.7 meq/ 100 g. It could be concluded from this experiment that pyrolysis was more effective than composting in increasing rice hulls quality as growing media for plants.
{"title":"Effects of Pyrolysis on Characterization of Rice Hull Charcoal as Growing Media for Plant","authors":"Danang Budi Setyawan","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.446","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing rice hulls as growing media is commonly practiced. However, it had low valued of Water Holding Capacity (WHC) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) which caused rice hulls is considered as a low quality as growing media for plants. Based on previous study, pyrolysis could alter physical and chemical properties of rice hulls to form char. The aim of this study was to evaluate pyrolysis process by compare physical and chemical properties. This research was conducted at two peak temperatures (450 oC and 550 oC) with four different incubation periods (15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes). Particle size distribution, porosity, WHC, air pores, pH, and CEC values were then analyzed as the physical and chemical properties. Char resulted from pyrolysis at 450 oC with incubation period of 15 minutes produced the best physical and chemical properties among others pyrolysis treatment with dominant particle size with diameter 0.5-1 mm was 61.63 %; porosity 88.09 %; WHC 36.76 %; pH 8.57; and CEC 14.7 meq/ 100 g. It could be concluded from this experiment that pyrolysis was more effective than composting in increasing rice hulls quality as growing media for plants.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42197022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-05DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.428
I. Sago, Kengne Olivier Clovis, D. Djallo, Tchobsala, Ranava Dieudonné, I. Adamou
To contribute to the sustainable management of the plant formations of Martap, it was a question for us to first of all know its composition and structure of before elaborating a suitable development plan. A floristic inventory in five plant formations (protected savannah, wooded savannah, exploited savannah, pasture and gallery forest) of 15 ha was carried out in four villages (Bawa, Maloua, Lissey-Mayo and Marko) of the said Martap Council. Over an area of 15 ha, 6105 individuals were collected belonging to 31 species, 21 genera and 15 families. The most represented species are the following: Daniellia oliveri, Terminalia macroptera, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii, Ficus glumosa, Zanthoxylum xanthozyloides, Harungana madagascarensis, Syzygium guineense var. macrocarpum, Hymenocardia acida, Terminalia glaucescens, Lophira lanceolata, Sarcocephalus latipholius, Combretum nigricans. The horizontal distribution of the vegetation represented in class shows that the first class (]0-1[) is the one with the largest number of individuals (2844 individuals). The Shannon index varies from 1.74 to 2.26 bit; while Pielou’s fairness varies rather from 0.13 to 0.78. It is clear that overexploitation is real, it is amplified by population growth in this locality, and this results in the presence of a large number of small species. It would be wiser in the days to come to develop successful projects within the planning framework to meet this challenge.
{"title":"Characterization of Martap Woody Vegetation, Adamaoua-Cameroon","authors":"I. Sago, Kengne Olivier Clovis, D. Djallo, Tchobsala, Ranava Dieudonné, I. Adamou","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.428","url":null,"abstract":"To contribute to the sustainable management of the plant formations of Martap, it was a question for us to first of all know its composition and structure of before elaborating a suitable development plan. A floristic inventory in five plant formations (protected savannah, wooded savannah, exploited savannah, pasture and gallery forest) of 15 ha was carried out in four villages (Bawa, Maloua, Lissey-Mayo and Marko) of the said Martap Council. Over an area of 15 ha, 6105 individuals were collected belonging to 31 species, 21 genera and 15 families. The most represented species are the following: Daniellia oliveri, Terminalia macroptera, Annona senegalensis, Piliostigma thonningii, Ficus glumosa, Zanthoxylum xanthozyloides, Harungana madagascarensis, Syzygium guineense var. macrocarpum, Hymenocardia acida, Terminalia glaucescens, Lophira lanceolata, Sarcocephalus latipholius, Combretum nigricans. The horizontal distribution of the vegetation represented in class shows that the first class (]0-1[) is the one with the largest number of individuals (2844 individuals). The Shannon index varies from 1.74 to 2.26 bit; while Pielou’s fairness varies rather from 0.13 to 0.78. It is clear that overexploitation is real, it is amplified by population growth in this locality, and this results in the presence of a large number of small species. It would be wiser in the days to come to develop successful projects within the planning framework to meet this challenge.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47110700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.135
E B Yalcin, M Tong, K Cao, C-K Huang, S de la Monte
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hepatic steatosis, a benign condition caused by accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes, which may progress to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent studies suggest that sphingolipids are involved in the development and severity of NAFLD. The goal of this study is to identify the circulating sphingolipid species that are altered by chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding and correlate these abnormalities with hepatic sphingolipids. We utilized a previously established experimental model of NAFLD generated by HFD feeding of 8-week-old male mice for 16 weeks. Lipids were extracted from serum samples by Folch method and analyzed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the positive and negative ion modes. MALDI-TOF detected a total of 47 serum sphingolipids including sphingomyelins, sulfatides, ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, and glycosphingolipids within the mass range of 600-2000 Da. Principle component analysis demonstrated clear separation of hepatic sphingolipids from low fat diet (LFD) and HFD groups and partial overlap of serum sphingolipids with a variance of 53.5% and 15.1%, and 11.7% in PC1, PC2, and PC3, respectively. Chronic HFD feeding significantly increased expression of SM (40:0), SM(42:2), ST(42:2), Hex(6)-Cer (40:1), and Hex(4)-HexNAc (2)-Cer (34:1) in both serum and liver. In addition, HFD mediated percent changes in hepatic sphingolipids correlate linearly with the percent changes in serum sphingolipids as determined by Pearson correlation (P = 0.0002). Elevated levels of serum and hepatic sphingomyelins and glycoceramides are key factors mediating NAFLD development and may serve as peripheral markers of hepatic steatosis.
{"title":"High Fat Diet Mediated Alterations in Serum Sphingolipid Profiles in An Experimental Mouse Model Measured by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"E B Yalcin, M Tong, K Cao, C-K Huang, S de la Monte","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hepatic steatosis, a benign condition caused by accumulation of lipids in hepatocytes, which may progress to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Recent studies suggest that sphingolipids are involved in the development and severity of NAFLD. The goal of this study is to identify the circulating sphingolipid species that are altered by chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding and correlate these abnormalities with hepatic sphingolipids. We utilized a previously established experimental model of NAFLD generated by HFD feeding of 8-week-old male mice for 16 weeks. Lipids were extracted from serum samples by Folch method and analyzed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in the positive and negative ion modes. MALDI-TOF detected a total of 47 serum sphingolipids including sphingomyelins, sulfatides, ceramides, phosphosphingolipids, and glycosphingolipids within the mass range of 600-2000 Da. Principle component analysis demonstrated clear separation of hepatic sphingolipids from low fat diet (LFD) and HFD groups and partial overlap of serum sphingolipids with a variance of 53.5% and 15.1%, and 11.7% in PC1, PC2, and PC3, respectively. Chronic HFD feeding significantly increased expression of SM (40:0), SM(42:2), ST(42:2), Hex(6)-Cer (40:1), and Hex(4)-HexNAc (2)-Cer (34:1) in both serum and liver. In addition, HFD mediated percent changes in hepatic sphingolipids correlate linearly with the percent changes in serum sphingolipids as determined by Pearson correlation (P = 0.0002). Elevated levels of serum and hepatic sphingomyelins and glycoceramides are key factors mediating NAFLD development and may serve as peripheral markers of hepatic steatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":"4 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10043812/pdf/nihms-1875826.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9287738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.419
Evandro Toledo Gerhardt Stutz, R. Laureano-Melo, Vladimir Lopes De Souza, G. Coelho, C. Netto, C. D. De Maria
This is the first report that deals with the effect of yerba mate (YM) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) consumption on blood total creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate and irisin levels after a detraining period. Healthy mice (n = 50) were randomly separated into the following experimental groups: SED = sedentary control; TRAIN = mice submitted to training (swimming) for 8 weeks; DETRAIN = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to detraining for four weeks; DETRAIN CGA = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to both detraining and standard CGA consumption for four weeks; DETRAIN YM = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to both detraining and consumption of roasted YM infusion for four weeks. No significant (p > 0.05) difference was found in relation to the lactate value. The DETRAIN CGA group had a lower CPK data when compared with the other groups. The DETRAIN YM group showed a lactate value slightly lower than that from DETRAIN CGA one. Blood irisin value had no statistical (p > 0.05) difference between studied groups. Irisin value in sedentary group had a value non-statistically (p > 0.05) significant when compared with the other groups after a detraining period. Therefore, CGA could decrease the protein catabolism via CPK inhibition during detraining. YM may maintain a part of the lipid mobilization during detraining, leading to the sparing of a fraction of the lactate. Keywords: Ylex paraguariensis, mice, detraining, CPK, lactate, irisin
{"title":"Effects of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. (Yerba Mate) and Chlorogenic Acid on Creatine Phosphokinase, Lactate and Irisin Levels in Mice after Detraining","authors":"Evandro Toledo Gerhardt Stutz, R. Laureano-Melo, Vladimir Lopes De Souza, G. Coelho, C. Netto, C. D. De Maria","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.419","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This is the first report that deals with the effect of yerba mate (YM) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) consumption on blood total creatine phosphokinase (CPK), lactate and irisin levels after a detraining period. Healthy mice (n = 50) were randomly separated into the following experimental groups: SED = sedentary control; TRAIN = mice submitted to training (swimming) for 8 weeks; DETRAIN = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to detraining for four weeks; DETRAIN CGA = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to both detraining and standard CGA consumption for four weeks; DETRAIN YM = mice submitted to training for four weeks and after submitted to both detraining and consumption of roasted YM infusion for four weeks. No significant (p > 0.05) difference was found in relation to the lactate value. The DETRAIN CGA group had a lower CPK data when compared with the other groups. The DETRAIN YM group showed a lactate value slightly lower than that from DETRAIN CGA one. Blood irisin value had no statistical (p > 0.05) difference between studied groups. Irisin value in sedentary group had a value non-statistically (p > 0.05) significant when compared with the other groups after a detraining period. Therefore, CGA could decrease the protein catabolism via CPK inhibition during detraining. YM may maintain a part of the lipid mobilization during detraining, leading to the sparing of a fraction of the lactate.\u0000\u0000Keywords: Ylex paraguariensis, mice, detraining, CPK, lactate, irisin","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46601793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.426
L. Năstac, M. Crețu, L. Dediu, A. Docan, Cristiana Rîmniceanu, C. Vizireanu
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of krill oil supplementation on growth performance, proximate composition and organo-somatic indices of Cyprinus carpio, reared in a recirculating aquaculture system, at different stocking densities. Four experimental diets were formulated: LD - low density (15 fish/rearing unit- 3.5 kg/m3), where fish were fed with commercial feed, HD - high density (35 fish/rearing unit-8 kg/m3 fed with commercial feed), LD-KO - low density, where fish were fed with commercial feed supplemented with 5 g/kg feed krill oil, and HD-KO- high density, were fish were fed with commercial feed supplemented with 5 g/kg feed krill oil. After 60-days of rearing, final fish weight and individual weight gain was significantly higher (P˂0.05) in fish stocked in lower density, with better values in LD-KO groups. Also, the best values of FCR, SGR and PER were obtained in LD-KO groups. Regarding the proximate composition of meat, no significant differences (P˃0.05) were registered between the experimental variants. The organo-somatic indices revealed no significant differences (P˃0.05) in the cardiosomatic index, while hepatosomatic, splenosomatic, and visceral index differed significantly (P˂0.05) between the experimental variants. Accordingly, we can conclude that supplementation of carp diet with 5 g/kg feed krill oil can improve growth performance, without any modification at proximate composition of meat.
本试验旨在研究在不同放养密度下，添加磷虾油对循环水养殖鲤鱼生长性能、近似组成和脏体指标的影响。配制4种试验饲粮:LD-低密度(15条鱼/养殖单位- 3.5 kg/m3)，投喂商品饲料;HD-高密度(35条鱼/养殖单位-8 kg/m3投喂商品饲料);LD- ko -低密度，投喂商品饲料中添加5 g/kg饲料磷虾油;HD- ko -高密度，投喂商品饲料中添加5 g/kg饲料磷虾油。饲养60 d后，低密度放养组的最终鱼重和个体增重显著高于对照组(P小于0.05)，以LD-KO组的数值更好。FCR、SGR和PER均以LD-KO组最佳。在肉的近似组成方面，各试验变异间无显著差异(P > 0.05)。脏体指数中心体指数差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)，肝体指数、脾体指数和内脏指数差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。由此可见，在饲料中添加5 g/kg磷虾油可以提高鲤鱼的生长性能，而不会改变其肉的近似组成。
{"title":"Effect of Krill Oil Supplementation and Stocking Density on Growth Performance, Proximate Composition, and Organo-somatic Indices of Cyprinus carpio","authors":"L. Năstac, M. Crețu, L. Dediu, A. Docan, Cristiana Rîmniceanu, C. Vizireanu","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.426","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This study was conducted to investigate the effects of krill oil supplementation on growth performance, proximate composition and organo-somatic indices of Cyprinus carpio, reared in a recirculating aquaculture system, at different stocking densities. Four experimental diets were formulated: LD - low density (15 fish/rearing unit- 3.5 kg/m3), where fish were fed with commercial feed, HD - high density (35 fish/rearing unit-8 kg/m3 fed with commercial feed), LD-KO - low density, where fish were fed with commercial feed supplemented with 5 g/kg feed krill oil, and HD-KO- high density, were fish were fed with commercial feed supplemented with 5 g/kg feed krill oil. After 60-days of rearing, final fish weight and individual weight gain was significantly higher (P˂0.05) in fish stocked in lower density, with better values in LD-KO groups. Also, the best values of FCR, SGR and PER were obtained in LD-KO groups. Regarding the proximate composition of meat, no significant differences (P˃0.05) were registered between the experimental variants. The organo-somatic indices revealed no significant differences (P˃0.05) in the cardiosomatic index, while hepatosomatic, splenosomatic, and visceral index differed significantly (P˂0.05) between the experimental variants. Accordingly, we can conclude that supplementation of carp diet with 5 g/kg feed krill oil can improve growth performance, without any modification at proximate composition of meat. \u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.357
Rainie Wijewardena, R. Amarakoon
The antioxidant activity of unfermented and fermented coconut water was measured. The highest antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was shown by Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 at 48 hours (41.90±5.236 µg/ml) compared to unfermented (453.69±15.323 µg/ml) coconut water. They were significantly different (P<0.05). The Antioxidant activity of fermented coconut water product by L.plantarum showed the highest antioxidant activity at 48 hours (208.03±11.279 µg/ml) with a significant difference (p<0.05) from unfermented coconut water (453.69±15.323 µg/ml). Antioxidant activities from ABTS assay of unfermented and fermented coconut water by L. acidophilus DSM 20079 (at 48 hours) were 16.58±1.032 µg/ml and 6.69±0.432 µg/ml respectively with a significant increase compared to unfermented coconut water product P<0.05) resulting the highest antioxidant activity from ABTS assay by L. acidophilus DSM 20079. From ABTS assay, the highest antioxidant activity was shown by L. plantarum at 48 hours which was 11.84±1.010 µg/ml. It had significant difference (p<0.05) from unfermented coconut water (16.58±1.032 µg/ml).
{"title":"Effect of Antioxidant Content of Coconut Water When Fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 and Lactobacillus plantarum","authors":"Rainie Wijewardena, R. Amarakoon","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2023.4.1.357","url":null,"abstract":"The antioxidant activity of unfermented and fermented coconut water was measured. The highest antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was shown by Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM 20079 at 48 hours (41.90±5.236 µg/ml) compared to unfermented (453.69±15.323 µg/ml) coconut water. They were significantly different (P<0.05). The Antioxidant activity of fermented coconut water product by L.plantarum showed the highest antioxidant activity at 48 hours (208.03±11.279 µg/ml) with a significant difference (p<0.05) from unfermented coconut water (453.69±15.323 µg/ml). Antioxidant activities from ABTS assay of unfermented and fermented coconut water by L. acidophilus DSM 20079 (at 48 hours) were 16.58±1.032 µg/ml and 6.69±0.432 µg/ml respectively with a significant increase compared to unfermented coconut water product P<0.05) resulting the highest antioxidant activity from ABTS assay by L. acidophilus DSM 20079. From ABTS assay, the highest antioxidant activity was shown by L. plantarum at 48 hours which was 11.84±1.010 µg/ml. It had significant difference (p<0.05) from unfermented coconut water (16.58±1.032 µg/ml).","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41656510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.414
L. O. Elmajdoub, Omar Mosaab, Omer Alsaghir, Sobhy Sorour Shimaa
Background and Objective: The horse has been a loyal friend and trusted partner of human beings. Horses are prone to infestation with both internal and external parasites. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the gastrointestinal parasite infecting horses in equestrian clubs. Materials and Method: For the study, faecal samples were obtained from 50 randomly chosen horses of varying sexes and ages and analyzed using sedimentation techniques. Results: The overall prevalence of egg/larva or cyst in the study area was 98.0% (49/50). Moreover, the mixed infection was higher than that of a single infection; there were significant differences between Protozoa and helminths (P≤0.01). The types of helminth parasites (egg/larva) detected were Anoplocephala spp. (17%), Parascaris equorum (17%), and Moniezia spp (20%) in increasing with the age of horses had a significant effect with ages above one year, moreover, there reported the oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum (33%). Conclusion: Hence, the present study's findings indicated a high prevalence of parasites compromising horses' health and welfare in the study area. Thus, proper screening and monitoring of the horses should be carried out regularly; regular and strategic anti-parasite programmers should be carried out.
{"title":"Investigation and Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Equestrian Clubs Horses in Misurata, Libya","authors":"L. O. Elmajdoub, Omar Mosaab, Omer Alsaghir, Sobhy Sorour Shimaa","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.414","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background and Objective: The horse has been a loyal friend and trusted partner of human beings. Horses are prone to infestation with both internal and external parasites. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the gastrointestinal parasite infecting horses in equestrian clubs. \u0000\u0000\u0000Materials and Method: For the study, faecal samples were obtained from 50 randomly chosen horses of varying sexes and ages and analyzed using sedimentation techniques. \u0000\u0000\u0000Results: The overall prevalence of egg/larva or cyst in the study area was 98.0% (49/50). Moreover, the mixed infection was higher than that of a single infection; there were significant differences between Protozoa and helminths (P≤0.01). The types of helminth parasites (egg/larva) detected were Anoplocephala spp. (17%), Parascaris equorum (17%), and Moniezia spp (20%) in increasing with the age of horses had a significant effect with ages above one year, moreover, there reported the oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum (33%). \u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Hence, the present study's findings indicated a high prevalence of parasites compromising horses' health and welfare in the study area. Thus, proper screening and monitoring of the horses should be carried out regularly; regular and strategic anti-parasite programmers should be carried out.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44478210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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