Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.432
Mishell W. Miranda-Quenel, J. A. Paz-Delgado, A. Rodríguez-Dorantes
Developmental biology needs also the quantification of cellular properties during development and experimental data as a prerequisite to the study of developing cellular structures of plants and computational techniques are useful information that includes image processing, digital morphology and computational geometry. This work applies the CellSet software that performs quantitative analysis of cellular geometry data by shape descriptors, to analyze the morphogenetic development of Fouquieria splendens callus by segmentation analysis of images.
{"title":"Morphometric Analysis of Fouquieria splendens Callogenesis by Image Segmentation Strategies","authors":"Mishell W. Miranda-Quenel, J. A. Paz-Delgado, A. Rodríguez-Dorantes","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.6.432","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Developmental biology needs also the quantification of cellular properties during development and experimental data as a prerequisite to the study of developing cellular structures of plants and computational techniques are useful information that includes image processing, digital morphology and computational geometry. This work applies the CellSet software that performs quantitative analysis of cellular geometry data by shape descriptors, to analyze the morphogenetic development of Fouquieria splendens callus by segmentation analysis of images.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44747098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.421
Hanwen Mi
In this experiment, the effects of 0.004 mg·L-1, 0.02 mg·L-1, 0.1 mg·L-1, and 0.5 mg·L-1 cerium chloride solutions on the growth and metamorphosis development of the tadpoles of the black spotted frog were investigated. The experimental results showed that cerium chloride solution at 0.5 mg·L-1significantly reduced the survival rate of tadpoles, which was 6.67% at 168h (7d) in the 0.5 mg·L-1 treatment compared with 93.3% in the blank control (lake water). The growth condition (body weight) at 168h (7d) (0.56 g) was different from that of the blank control (lake water) tadpoles (The growth (mass) of tadpoles at 0.5 mg·L-1 slowed down significantly in early development compared to the blank control (lake water) tadpoles (0.67g ± 0.05g); at the same time, we noticed that the tadpoles at 0.5 mg·L-1 concentration were in a dormant state of growth, and the mass was not significantly different compared to the beginning of the experiment. The metamorphosis time of tadpoles in the high concentration of cerium chloride salt solution (31 ± 5 days) was greater than that of the blank control tadpoles (26 ± 3 days). Tadpoles at concentrations of 0.02 mg·L-1, 0.1 mg·L-1, and 0.5 mg·L-1 were significantly heavier than the blank control tadpoles at metamorphosis. The results of this experiment indicated that moderate concentration levels of cerium chloride (0.004 mg·L-1, 0.02 mg·L-1) could significantly accelerate the growth and promote the metamorphosis development of the tadpoles of C. melanogaster.
{"title":"ANOVA of Cerium Chloride on Morphology and Metamorphosis Development in Tadpoles of C. melanogaster","authors":"Hanwen Mi","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.421","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In this experiment, the effects of 0.004 mg·L-1, 0.02 mg·L-1, 0.1 mg·L-1, and 0.5 mg·L-1 cerium chloride solutions on the growth and metamorphosis development of the tadpoles of the black spotted frog were investigated. The experimental results showed that cerium chloride solution at 0.5 mg·L-1significantly reduced the survival rate of tadpoles, which was 6.67% at 168h (7d) in the 0.5 mg·L-1 treatment compared with 93.3% in the blank control (lake water). The growth condition (body weight) at 168h (7d) (0.56 g) was different from that of the blank control (lake water) tadpoles (The growth (mass) of tadpoles at 0.5 mg·L-1 slowed down significantly in early development compared to the blank control (lake water) tadpoles (0.67g ± 0.05g); at the same time, we noticed that the tadpoles at 0.5 mg·L-1 concentration were in a dormant state of growth, and the mass was not significantly different compared to the beginning of the experiment. The metamorphosis time of tadpoles in the high concentration of cerium chloride salt solution (31 ± 5 days) was greater than that of the blank control tadpoles (26 ± 3 days). Tadpoles at concentrations of 0.02 mg·L-1, 0.1 mg·L-1, and 0.5 mg·L-1 were significantly heavier than the blank control tadpoles at metamorphosis. The results of this experiment indicated that moderate concentration levels of cerium chloride (0.004 mg·L-1, 0.02 mg·L-1) could significantly accelerate the growth and promote the metamorphosis development of the tadpoles of C. melanogaster.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48753333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.413
M. E. Hoque, H. Hena, Md. Ershad Ali
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlet regeneration potentiality was studied in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) free tissue culture medium. Four different treatments were designed from the compositions of the stock solution-01 of plant tissue culture medium. Those were -Treatment-1 (Stock solution -01 as recommended by Murashige & Skoog (1962), Treatment-2 (MS stock solution-01 without having NH4NO3), Treatment-3 (MS stock solution-01without NH4NO3 but other component had double concentration), Treatment-4 (Readymade MS powder, Duchefa Biocheme, The Netherland). Shoot length, shoot diameter, node number and leaf number per plantlet were highest in Treatment-4 at 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation (DAI). Shoot regeneration parameters were statistically similar with the treatment-3 and the check treatment-1. But the check treatment-1 showed better result in root number and root length (cm) as compared to treatment-3 and treatment-4. The treatment-2 showed lowest result in each of the said parameter. The stock solution-01 which was formulated without ammonium nitrate and has double dose of other ingredient has the potentiality for potato plantlet regeneration, but it was not as suitable as Readymade MS powder (Duchafa, The Netherland).
{"title":"Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Plantlet Regeneration in Ammonium Nitrate Free Stock Solution-1 of Murashige & Skoog (MS, 1962) Plant Tissue Culture Medium","authors":"M. E. Hoque, H. Hena, Md. Ershad Ali","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.413","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlet regeneration potentiality was studied in ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) free tissue culture medium. Four different treatments were designed from the compositions of the stock solution-01 of plant tissue culture medium. Those were -Treatment-1 (Stock solution -01 as recommended by Murashige & Skoog (1962), Treatment-2 (MS stock solution-01 without having NH4NO3), Treatment-3 (MS stock solution-01without NH4NO3 but other component had double concentration), Treatment-4 (Readymade MS powder, Duchefa Biocheme, The Netherland). Shoot length, shoot diameter, node number and leaf number per plantlet were highest in Treatment-4 at 14, 21 and 28 days after inoculation (DAI). Shoot regeneration parameters were statistically similar with the treatment-3 and the check treatment-1. But the check treatment-1 showed better result in root number and root length (cm) as compared to treatment-3 and treatment-4. The treatment-2 showed lowest result in each of the said parameter. The stock solution-01 which was formulated without ammonium nitrate and has double dose of other ingredient has the potentiality for potato plantlet regeneration, but it was not as suitable as Readymade MS powder (Duchafa, The Netherland).\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43809158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.397
I. C. Oladipo, Ruth Oyelami, Kehinde Dorcas Ogundeji, Emmanuel Oluwakayode Akinteye, A. G. Adewoyin, Abigail Oluseye Oladipo
The high rate of food fraud in the food industry has resulted in direct threat to consumer’s health. To address this, the present study investigated vitamin c, minerals, microbial, nutritional and sensory qualities of some freshly produced fruit juices in order to encourage consumers to make their own fruit juices in the comfort of their homes. The pH of the fruit juice samples ranged from 3.94 to 5.87. All the samples were rated the same in terms of sweetness and general acceptability. Mango and watermelon juices were rated the best in terms of appearance and flavor while orange and pineapple were rated the best in taste. The total bacterial, total enterobacteriaceae and total yeast counts ranged from 2.2x101 to 3.6x101, 2.6x101 to 3.8x101 and 3.9x101 to 4.8x101 CFU/ml respectively. Feacal coliforms were not detected in any of the samples. The proximate composition of the samples ranged from 7.10 to 12.25, 0.34 and 2.02, 0.06 and 1.01, 80.55 and 86.10 and 0.18 and 0.88% for crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, moisture and total ash contents respectively. The result shows that the mineral composition of the fruit juice samples for iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) ranged from 0.44 to 2.24, 11.95 to 14.78, 0.78 to 26.41, 96.37 to 169.20 and 6.94 to 36.34 mg/100 ml respectively. The vitamin C content was between 10.20 and 40.24 mg/100 ml. In view of sensory, microbial, nutritional, minerals and vitamin C properties of the fruit juice samples, the fruit juice samples were deemed fit for consumption.
{"title":"Microbial Quality, Vitamin, Mineral and Proximate Composition of Some Fresh Fruit Juice Samples","authors":"I. C. Oladipo, Ruth Oyelami, Kehinde Dorcas Ogundeji, Emmanuel Oluwakayode Akinteye, A. G. Adewoyin, Abigail Oluseye Oladipo","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.397","url":null,"abstract":"The high rate of food fraud in the food industry has resulted in direct threat to consumer’s health. To address this, the present study investigated vitamin c, minerals, microbial, nutritional and sensory qualities of some freshly produced fruit juices in order to encourage consumers to make their own fruit juices in the comfort of their homes. The pH of the fruit juice samples ranged from 3.94 to 5.87. All the samples were rated the same in terms of sweetness and general acceptability. Mango and watermelon juices were rated the best in terms of appearance and flavor while orange and pineapple were rated the best in taste. The total bacterial, total enterobacteriaceae and total yeast counts ranged from 2.2x101 to 3.6x101, 2.6x101 to 3.8x101 and 3.9x101 to 4.8x101 CFU/ml respectively. Feacal coliforms were not detected in any of the samples. The proximate composition of the samples ranged from 7.10 to 12.25, 0.34 and 2.02, 0.06 and 1.01, 80.55 and 86.10 and 0.18 and 0.88% for crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract, moisture and total ash contents respectively. The result shows that the mineral composition of the fruit juice samples for iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and calcium (Ca) ranged from 0.44 to 2.24, 11.95 to 14.78, 0.78 to 26.41, 96.37 to 169.20 and 6.94 to 36.34 mg/100 ml respectively. The vitamin C content was between 10.20 and 40.24 mg/100 ml. In view of sensory, microbial, nutritional, minerals and vitamin C properties of the fruit juice samples, the fruit juice samples were deemed fit for consumption.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47288624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-23DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.400
A. Slama, F. Mezni, Faten Ayari, A. Khaldi
Tomato cultivation has a great worldwide interest. The quality of tomato fruit is of economic and health importance. Being rich in water and generally stored at 4 °C, tomatoes risk a rapid infection. This work was interested in isolating and studying pathogenic fungi in tomato fruit. isolations and subcultures were carried out on the PDA medium. Morphological characterization identified 5 fungi on Solanum lycopersicum fruits: Alternaria alternata; Penicilliumolsonii; Ulocladium atrum; Phytophtora nicotianae and Aspergillus fumigatus. This result highlighted and worried the presence of mycotxigenic fungi on fresh tomato.
{"title":"Phytopathogenic/Mycotoxigenic Fungi Infecting Solanum lycopersicum Fruits (Market Storage Level)","authors":"A. Slama, F. Mezni, Faten Ayari, A. Khaldi","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.400","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato cultivation has a great worldwide interest. The quality of tomato fruit is of economic and health importance. Being rich in water and generally stored at 4 °C, tomatoes risk a rapid infection. This work was interested in isolating and studying pathogenic fungi in tomato fruit. isolations and subcultures were carried out on the PDA medium. Morphological characterization identified 5 fungi on Solanum lycopersicum fruits: Alternaria alternata; Penicilliumolsonii; Ulocladium atrum; Phytophtora nicotianae and Aspergillus fumigatus. This result highlighted and worried the presence of mycotxigenic fungi on fresh tomato.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":"122 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41283102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-19DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.386
K. Karim, H. Hamza, Hedia Tiba, Mohamed Elsafy
Tunisian oases reveal an important genetic heritage of date palm cultivars, with various qualities of use. Since the beginning of the century, this heritage has evolved to a selective orientation based on the monoculture of "Deglet Nour," this orientation risks causing the loss of many cultivars. The male of the date palm is part of this heritage and so far remains marginalized. Although they are important for the date palm production cycle, it is in this context that lies our work to study the genetic diversity of a collection of male date palm pollinators from southern Tunisia. The morphological study of the 20 date palm pollinators using 45 IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptors showed significant discrimination, with a similarity index ranging from 0.207 to 0.457, divided them into five similarity groups. The use of 7 ISSR (Inter Simple Sequences Repeat) primers resulted in 64 reproducible bands, of which 57 were 90% polymorphic, and statistical analysis showed a more or less significant genetic diversity with genetic distances 0.491 to 0.873. According to the Mentel test, a non-significant weak correlation (r = 0.015) was noted between the molecular and morphological data. However, the processing of molecular data by various methods generated very significant correlations. Indeed, the correlation between the SM (Simple matching) coefficient and the DICE coefficient showed an important correlation with r = 0.748, which confirms the discriminating power of the ISSR markers in studying the genetic diversity of date palm pollinators.
{"title":"The Genetic Diversity Analysis of Tunisian Male Date Palm Cultivars (Phoneix dactylifera L.) Revealed by Phenotypic and Molecular Markers","authors":"K. Karim, H. Hamza, Hedia Tiba, Mohamed Elsafy","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.386","url":null,"abstract":"Tunisian oases reveal an important genetic heritage of date palm cultivars, with various qualities of use. Since the beginning of the century, this heritage has evolved to a selective orientation based on the monoculture of \"Deglet Nour,\" this orientation risks causing the loss of many cultivars. The male of the date palm is part of this heritage and so far remains marginalized. Although they are important for the date palm production cycle, it is in this context that lies our work to study the genetic diversity of a collection of male date palm pollinators from southern Tunisia. The morphological study of the 20 date palm pollinators using 45 IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) descriptors showed significant discrimination, with a similarity index ranging from 0.207 to 0.457, divided them into five similarity groups. The use of 7 ISSR (Inter Simple Sequences Repeat) primers resulted in 64 reproducible bands, of which 57 were 90% polymorphic, and statistical analysis showed a more or less significant genetic diversity with genetic distances 0.491 to 0.873. According to the Mentel test, a non-significant weak correlation (r = 0.015) was noted between the molecular and morphological data. However, the processing of molecular data by various methods generated very significant correlations. Indeed, the correlation between the SM (Simple matching) coefficient and the DICE coefficient showed an important correlation with r = 0.748, which confirms the discriminating power of the ISSR markers in studying the genetic diversity of date palm pollinators.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48521124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.399
O. Olaleye, M. Omotayo, Rosemary Meekness Oni, Tawakalitu Jumoke Orisadare
Tannase have been widely secreted industrially by fungi using tannin rich agricultural waste as substrate. Aspergillus niger SCSGAF0145, was used for the secretion of tannase using groundnut shell as substrate under submerged fermentation. The crude tannase secreted was precipitated out using ammonium sulphate and purified on Sephadex G-150. Kinetic parameters of the secreted tannase were determined using tannic acid as substrate. The estimated biomass weight, tannin concentration, gallic acid concentration and tannase activity of the crude enzyme after fermentation was 81.00±0.08 mg, 1.31±0.01 mg/mL, 0.67±0.03 µg/mL and 6.04 U/mL respectively. The purification fold and enzyme yield after purification were 13.44 and 47.86%. The purified enzyme showed maximal activity at a pH of 5.5 and temperature of 35oC while producing Km and Vmax of 0.43 moles/L and Vmax is 21.55 U/mL respectively using tannic acid as its sole carbon source. In conclusion, Aspergillus niger SCSGAF0145 secreted tannase of high activity using groundnut shell as source of tannic acid which could be utilized for various industrial purposes.
{"title":"Purification and Partial Characterization of Tannase produced by Aspergillus niger SCSGAF0145 using Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut) Shell","authors":"O. Olaleye, M. Omotayo, Rosemary Meekness Oni, Tawakalitu Jumoke Orisadare","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.5.399","url":null,"abstract":"Tannase have been widely secreted industrially by fungi using tannin rich agricultural waste as substrate. Aspergillus niger SCSGAF0145, was used for the secretion of tannase using groundnut shell as substrate under submerged fermentation. The crude tannase secreted was precipitated out using ammonium sulphate and purified on Sephadex G-150. Kinetic parameters of the secreted tannase were determined using tannic acid as substrate. The estimated biomass weight, tannin concentration, gallic acid concentration and tannase activity of the crude enzyme after fermentation was 81.00±0.08 mg, 1.31±0.01 mg/mL, 0.67±0.03 µg/mL and 6.04 U/mL respectively. The purification fold and enzyme yield after purification were 13.44 and 47.86%. The purified enzyme showed maximal activity at a pH of 5.5 and temperature of 35oC while producing Km and Vmax of 0.43 moles/L and Vmax is 21.55 U/mL respectively using tannic acid as its sole carbon source. In conclusion, Aspergillus niger SCSGAF0145 secreted tannase of high activity using groundnut shell as source of tannic acid which could be utilized for various industrial purposes.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49020943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.381
L. Gboeloh
Seasonal parasitic contamination of vegetables marketed in Bori central market, Khana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria was investigated. A total of 80 vegetable samples, (40 samples each during the rainy and dry season respectively) were purchased from the Bori central market. The vegetable samples were examined in the laboratory for the presence of intestinal parasites using sedimentation techniques and microcopy. The results revealed that out of 80 vegetable samples (20 samples of each vegetable type and 40 samples each for rainy and dry seasons) examined, an overall prevalence of 41(51.3%) was recorded. Out of the 40 samples of vegetable each examined during the rainy and dry seasons, 23(57.5%) and18(45.0%) samples were positive for intestinal parasites during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. Across the two seasons, intestinal parasites belonging to four genera were identified. The genera were Ascaris, Giardia, Ancylostoma and Trichuris. A total of 23 intestinal parasites were identified during the rainy season (Ascaris 13/23(56.3%), Giardia 3/23(13.1%), Ancylostoma 4/23(17.4%) and Trichuris 3/23(13.1%) while a total of 18 parasites were extracted from the vegetables during the dry season (Ascaris 9/18(50%), Giardia 1/18(5.5%), Ancylostoma 3/18(16.7%) and Trichuris 5/18(27.8%). Carrot and tomatoes were the most statistically (P>0.05) contaminated vegetables in the rainy and dry seasons respectively. All species of parasites identified have a high relative abundance in the rainy season than in the dry season. Ascaris sp. (56.5%) was the most abundant species of parasite in the rainy season, followed by Ancylostoma sp. (10.0%), Giardia sp. (7.5%) and Trichuris sp. (7.5%). In the dry season, Ascaris sp. had the most relative abundance (50.0%), followed by Trichuris sp. (27.8%), Ancylostoma sp. (7.5%) and Giardia sp. (2.5%). There was a statistically significance difference (P<0.05) in the relative abundance of parasite species in the rainy and dry seasons. The high level of parasitic contamination of vegetables recorded in the study area is a public health concern and demands serious intervention especially in areas of health education on personal hygiene, sanitation and the danger of consumption of improperly washed vegetables, provision of sanitary facilities, mass deworming, open defecation and use of waste water for fertilizer.
{"title":"Seasonal Parasitic Contamination of Vegetables Marketed in Bori Central Market, Khana Local Governemnt Area, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"L. Gboeloh","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.381","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonal parasitic contamination of vegetables marketed in Bori central market, Khana Local Government Area, Rivers State, Nigeria was investigated. A total of 80 vegetable samples, (40 samples each during the rainy and dry season respectively) were purchased from the Bori central market. The vegetable samples were examined in the laboratory for the presence of intestinal parasites using sedimentation techniques and microcopy. The results revealed that out of 80 vegetable samples (20 samples of each vegetable type and 40 samples each for rainy and dry seasons) examined, an overall prevalence of 41(51.3%) was recorded. Out of the 40 samples of vegetable each examined during the rainy and dry seasons, 23(57.5%) and18(45.0%) samples were positive for intestinal parasites during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. Across the two seasons, intestinal parasites belonging to four genera were identified. The genera were Ascaris, Giardia, Ancylostoma and Trichuris. A total of 23 intestinal parasites were identified during the rainy season (Ascaris 13/23(56.3%), Giardia 3/23(13.1%), Ancylostoma 4/23(17.4%) and Trichuris 3/23(13.1%) while a total of 18 parasites were extracted from the vegetables during the dry season (Ascaris 9/18(50%), Giardia 1/18(5.5%), Ancylostoma 3/18(16.7%) and Trichuris 5/18(27.8%). Carrot and tomatoes were the most statistically (P>0.05) contaminated vegetables in the rainy and dry seasons respectively. All species of parasites identified have a high relative abundance in the rainy season than in the dry season. Ascaris sp. (56.5%) was the most abundant species of parasite in the rainy season, followed by Ancylostoma sp. (10.0%), Giardia sp. (7.5%) and Trichuris sp. (7.5%). In the dry season, Ascaris sp. had the most relative abundance (50.0%), followed by Trichuris sp. (27.8%), Ancylostoma sp. (7.5%) and Giardia sp. (2.5%). There was a statistically significance difference (P<0.05) in the relative abundance of parasite species in the rainy and dry seasons. The high level of parasitic contamination of vegetables recorded in the study area is a public health concern and demands serious intervention especially in areas of health education on personal hygiene, sanitation and the danger of consumption of improperly washed vegetables, provision of sanitary facilities, mass deworming, open defecation and use of waste water for fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45785130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.390
O. Okon, J. Okon, U. Antia, S. M. Sam, Lovina I. Udoh, E. N. Usen, I. A. Ibanga
The macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria has been inadequately sampled and never documented; this situation makes the status of macrofungi in the State unclear. It is from this reason that this study was necessitated. A total of 60 species of wild macrofungi belonging to 25 families we documented during the period of this study (April to July 2021). Agaricaceae family recorded the highest number of species (12), followed by Polyporaceae (10), Psathyrellaceae (5), Marasmiaceae (4), Amanitaceae (3), Gomphaceae, Lycophyllaceae, Physalacriaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Gamodermataceae andStrophariaceae recorded 2 species each. Pluteaceae, Stereaceae, Bondarzewiaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Entolomaceae, Cortinariaceae, Pleurotaceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Auriculariaceae, Tricholomataceae, Hygrophoraceae, Hydnangiaceae, Tubiferaceae and Lycoperdaceae recorded 1 species respectively. Out of the 60 macrofungi recorded, 36 species (60.00%) were non-edible, 13 species (21.67 %) were edible, 2 (3.33%) were choice edible and 2 (3.33%) edible but not recommended respectively. 1 species (1.67%) each were poisonous, psychoactive, edible while young, not recommended, non-poisonous but leathery, edible but shows allergic reactions in some individuals and unknown edibility status. Analysis on the growth substrate of the macrofungi species found revealed that; 32 species (53.33%) grew on dead wood, 25 species (41.67%) on soil, 2 species (3.33%) on living tree trunk and 1 species (1.67%) on decaying organic matter. The list and inventory provided by this study will give baseline information that will be needed in the assessment of changes that may occur in wild macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The rich diversity of wild occurring macrofungi in Akwa Ibom State offers huge economic life for the local inhabitants in terms of nutriton, health and medicine as well as ecosystem stability at large. Inclusion of macrofungi biodiversity conservation in Akwa Ibom State and Nigerian forest management policies will be an appropriate step towards conservation of these wild macrofungi.
{"title":"Species Richness, Morphological Features and Inventory of Wild Macrofungi found in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Okon, J. Okon, U. Antia, S. M. Sam, Lovina I. Udoh, E. N. Usen, I. A. Ibanga","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.390","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria has been inadequately sampled and never documented; this situation makes the status of macrofungi in the State unclear. It is from this reason that this study was necessitated. A total of 60 species of wild macrofungi belonging to 25 families we documented during the period of this study (April to July 2021). Agaricaceae family recorded the highest number of species (12), followed by Polyporaceae (10), Psathyrellaceae (5), Marasmiaceae (4), Amanitaceae (3), Gomphaceae, Lycophyllaceae, Physalacriaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Gamodermataceae andStrophariaceae recorded 2 species each. Pluteaceae, Stereaceae, Bondarzewiaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Entolomaceae, Cortinariaceae, Pleurotaceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Auriculariaceae, Tricholomataceae, Hygrophoraceae, Hydnangiaceae, Tubiferaceae and Lycoperdaceae recorded 1 species respectively. Out of the 60 macrofungi recorded, 36 species (60.00%) were non-edible, 13 species (21.67 %) were edible, 2 (3.33%) were choice edible and 2 (3.33%) edible but not recommended respectively. 1 species (1.67%) each were poisonous, psychoactive, edible while young, not recommended, non-poisonous but leathery, edible but shows allergic reactions in some individuals and unknown edibility status. Analysis on the growth substrate of the macrofungi species found revealed that; 32 species (53.33%) grew on dead wood, 25 species (41.67%) on soil, 2 species (3.33%) on living tree trunk and 1 species (1.67%) on decaying organic matter. The list and inventory provided by this study will give baseline information that will be needed in the assessment of changes that may occur in wild macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The rich diversity of wild occurring macrofungi in Akwa Ibom State offers huge economic life for the local inhabitants in terms of nutriton, health and medicine as well as ecosystem stability at large. Inclusion of macrofungi biodiversity conservation in Akwa Ibom State and Nigerian forest management policies will be an appropriate step towards conservation of these wild macrofungi.\u0000","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47896278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-22DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.376
D. Bhattacharjee, M. Rahman, M. Hossain, S. Uddin, S. Rudra
Floristic diversity of Khagrachari Sadar of Khagrachari district, within Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh, has been investigated. A territory's vegetation type and diversity provide insight into the overall resources, their usage structures, and conservation status that are crucial to developing conservation plans and regulations. This analysis helps to portray the overall scenario of a region's plant biomass/vegetation diversity exquisitely. This study has revealed the occurrence of 369 vascular plant species belonging to 144 genera under 97 families from the study area. Out of these 32 are pteridophytes, 2 are gymnosperms and the rest of 335 are angiosperms. Based on habit distribution, herbs are represented by 150 species followed by shrubs (48), trees (108), climbers (47) and epiphytes by 16 species. Dicotyledonous (Magnoliopsida) group was dominant and represented by 254 species belonging to 73 genera under 62 families, followed by monocotyledonous (Liliopsida) with 81 species under 52 genera and 17 families. Among the dicotyledonous plants, Rubiaceae was found to be the largest family with 24 species, whereas with 17 species Orchidaceae is the largest family in monocotyledonous. It appears that Forested areas are dominated by Melocanna baccifera, with an IVI of 8.00 and have the scanty appearance of two herbs (Spathoglottis plicata, Adiantum flabellaletum) and one tree species (Cycas pectinata). For effective conservation management and sustainable usage of the taxa, the status of occurrence has been determined where 304 species (82.23 percent) are considered as ‘Common’, 61 (16.53 percent) are considered ‘Least Concern’, 2 (0.54%) are considered ‘Vulnerable’ and 2 (0.54%), are considered ‘Critically Endangered’. Several diversity indices, such as Margelef’s richness, Shannon-Winer Index, Pielou’s Evenness, and Simpson’s Index values showed the substantial diversity status of the vascular plant in selected 4 sites. A considerable seasonal fluctuation was evident in the diversity indices at four different research locations where data reflected that the rainy season is more diverse than others.
{"title":"Floristic Composition and Vegetation Diversity Status of Khagrachari Sadar, Chattogram, Bangladesh","authors":"D. Bhattacharjee, M. Rahman, M. Hossain, S. Uddin, S. Rudra","doi":"10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.4.376","url":null,"abstract":"Floristic diversity of Khagrachari Sadar of Khagrachari district, within Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh, has been investigated. A territory's vegetation type and diversity provide insight into the overall resources, their usage structures, and conservation status that are crucial to developing conservation plans and regulations. This analysis helps to portray the overall scenario of a region's plant biomass/vegetation diversity exquisitely. This study has revealed the occurrence of 369 vascular plant species belonging to 144 genera under 97 families from the study area. Out of these 32 are pteridophytes, 2 are gymnosperms and the rest of 335 are angiosperms. Based on habit distribution, herbs are represented by 150 species followed by shrubs (48), trees (108), climbers (47) and epiphytes by 16 species. Dicotyledonous (Magnoliopsida) group was dominant and represented by 254 species belonging to 73 genera under 62 families, followed by monocotyledonous (Liliopsida) with 81 species under 52 genera and 17 families. Among the dicotyledonous plants, Rubiaceae was found to be the largest family with 24 species, whereas with 17 species Orchidaceae is the largest family in monocotyledonous. It appears that Forested areas are dominated by Melocanna baccifera, with an IVI of 8.00 and have the scanty appearance of two herbs (Spathoglottis plicata, Adiantum flabellaletum) and one tree species (Cycas pectinata). For effective conservation management and sustainable usage of the taxa, the status of occurrence has been determined where 304 species (82.23 percent) are considered as ‘Common’, 61 (16.53 percent) are considered ‘Least Concern’, 2 (0.54%) are considered ‘Vulnerable’ and 2 (0.54%), are considered ‘Critically Endangered’. Several diversity indices, such as Margelef’s richness, Shannon-Winer Index, Pielou’s Evenness, and Simpson’s Index values showed the substantial diversity status of the vascular plant in selected 4 sites. A considerable seasonal fluctuation was evident in the diversity indices at four different research locations where data reflected that the rainy season is more diverse than others.","PeriodicalId":72969,"journal":{"name":"European journal of biology and biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47905163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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