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New and Interesting Fungi. 3. 新奇有趣的真菌3.
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-05-12 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.09
P W Crous, M J Wingfield, R K Schumacher, A Akulov, T S Bulgakov, A J Carnegie, Ž Jurjević, C Decock, S Denman, L Lombard, D P Lawrence, A J Stack, T R Gordon, R M Bostock, T Burgess, B A Summerell, P W J Taylor, J Edwards, L W Hou, L Cai, A Y Rossman, T Wöhner, W C Allen, L A Castlebury, C M Visagie, J Z Groenewald

Seven new genera, 26 new species, 10 new combinations, two epitypes, one new name, and 20 interesting new host and / or geographical records are introduced in this study. New genera are: Italiofungus (based on Italiofungus phillyreae) on leaves of Phillyrea latifolia (Italy); Neolamproconium (based on Neolamproconium silvestre) on branch of Tilia sp. (Ukraine); Neosorocybe (based on Neosorocybe pini) on trunk of Pinus sylvestris (Ukraine); Nothoseptoria (based on Nothoseptoria caraganae) on leaves of Caragana arborescens (Russia); Pruniphilomyces (based on Pruniphilomyces circumscissus) on Prunus cerasus (Russia); Vesiculozygosporium (based on Vesiculozygosporium echinosporum) on leaves of Muntingia calabura (Malaysia); Longiseptatispora (based on Longiseptatispora curvata) on leaves of Lonicera tatarica (Russia). New species are: Barrmaelia serenoae on leaf of Serenoa repens (USA); Chaetopsina gautengina on leaves of unidentified grass (South Africa); Chloridium pini on fallen trunk of Pinus sylvestris (Ukraine); Cadophora fallopiae on stems of Reynoutria sachalinensis (Poland); Coleophoma eucalyptigena on leaf litter of Eucalyptus sp. (Spain); Cylindrium corymbiae on leaves of Corymbia maculata (Australia); Diaporthe tarchonanthi on leaves of Tarchonanthus littoralis (South Africa); Elsinoe eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus propinqua (Australia); Exophiala quercina on dead wood of Quercus sp., (Germany); Fusarium californicum on cambium of budwood of Prunus dulcis (USA); Hypomyces gamsii on wood of Alnus glutinosa (Ukraine); Kalmusia araucariae on leaves of Araucaria bidwillii (USA); Lectera sambuci on leaves of Sambucus nigra (Russia); Melanomma populicola on fallen twig of Populus canadensis (Netherlands), Neocladosporium syringae on branches of Syringa vulgarishorus (Ukraine); Paraconiothyrium iridis on leaves of Iris pseudacorus (Ukraine); Pararoussoella quercina on branch of Quercus robur (Ukraine); Phialemonium pulveris from bore dust of deathwatch beetle (France); Polyscytalum pinicola on needles of Pinus tecunumanii (Malaysia); Acervuloseptoria fraxini on Fraxinus pennsylvanica (Russia); Roussoella arundinacea on culms of Arundo donax (Spain); Sphaerulina neoaceris on leaves of Acer negundo (Russia); Sphaerulina salicicola on leaves of Salix fragilis (Russia); Trichomerium syzygii on leaves of Syzygium cordatum (South Africa); Uzbekistanica vitis-viniferae on dead stem of Vitis vinifera (Ukraine); Vermiculariopsiella eucalyptigena on leaves of

本研究介绍了 7 个新属、26 个新种、10 个新组合、2 个表型、1 个新名称以及 20 个有趣的新寄主和/或地理记录。新属有Italiofungus (基于 Italiofungus phillyreae)在 Phillyrea latifolia(意大利)的叶子上;Neolamproconium(基于 Neolamproconium silvestre)在 Tilia sp.(乌克兰);Pinus sylvestris 树干上的 Neosorocybe(以 Neosorocybe pini 为基础);Caragana arborescens(俄罗斯)树叶上的 Nothoseptoria(以 Nothoseptoria caraganae 为基础);Prunus cerasus(俄罗斯)上的 Pruniphilomyces(以 Pruniphilomyces circumscissus 为基础);Muntingia calabura(马来西亚)叶片上的 Vesiculozygosporium(基于 Vesiculozygosporium echinosporum);Lonicera tatarica(俄罗斯)叶片上的 Longiseptatispora(基于 Longiseptatispora curvata)。新物种有Barrmaelia serenoae on leaf of Serenoa repens(美国);Chaetopsina gautengina on leaves of unidentified grass(南非);Chloridium pini on fallen trunk of Pinus sylvestris(乌克兰);Cadophora fallopiae on stems of Reynoutria sachalinensis(波兰);Coleophoma eucalyptigena on leaf litter of Eucalyptus sp.(西班牙);Corymbia maculata(澳大利亚)叶片上的 Cylindrium corymbiae;Tarchonanthus littoralis(南非)叶片上的 Diaporthe tarchonanthi;Eucalypta propinqua(澳大利亚)叶片上的 Elsinoe eucalyptorum;Quercus sp、(德国);加州镰刀菌(Fusarium californicum)在杜梨(Prunus dulcis)的芽材上(美国);Hypomyces gamsii 在桤木(Alnus glutinosa)的木材上(乌克兰);Kalmusia araucariae 在 Araucaria bidwillii 的叶片上(美国);Lectera sambuci 在黑悬铃木(Sambucus nigra)的叶片上(俄罗斯);杨树倒下的树枝上的 Melanomma populicola(荷兰),Syringa vulgarishorus(乌克兰)树枝上的 Neocladosporium syringae;鸢尾叶上的 Paraconiothyrium iridis(乌克兰);栎树树枝上的 Pararoussoella quercina(乌克兰);死亡观察甲虫孔尘中的 Phialemonium pulveris(法国);Polyscytalum pinicola(马来西亚);Acervuloseptoria fraxini(俄罗斯);Roussoella arundinacea(西班牙);Sphaerulina neoaceris(俄罗斯);Sphaerulina salicicola on leaves of Salix fragilis (Russia); Trichomerium syzygii on leaves of Syzygium cordatum (South Africa); Uzbekistanica vitis-viniferae on dead stem of Vitis vinifera (Ukraine); Vermiculariopsiella eucalyptigena on leaves of Eucalyptus sp.(澳大利亚)。
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引用次数: 0
Two new species of the Peronospora belbahrii species complex, Pe. choii sp. nov. and Pe. salviae-pratensis sp. nov., and a new host for Pe. salviae-officinalis. 贝尔巴赫霜霉属复合体的两个新种,Pe。崔伊水产公司十一月和佩。丹参11 月,以及 Pe 的新主人。鼠尾草
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-03-03 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.03
M Hoffmeister, S Ashrafi, M Thines, W Maier

The downy mildew species parasitic to Mentheae are of particular interest, as this tribe of Lamiaceae contains a variety of important medicinal plants and culinary herbs. Over the past two decades, two pathogens, Peronospora belbahrii and Pe. salviae-officinalis have spread globally, impacting basil and common sage production, respectively. In the original circumscription of Pe. belbahrii, the downy mildew of coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) was ascribed to this species in the broader sense, but subtle differences in morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses using two genes suggested that this pathogen would potentially need to be assigned to a species of its own. In the present study, Peronospora species causing downy mildew on members of the Mentheae, including clary sage (Salvia sclarea), meadow sage (S. pratensis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea) and coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides) were studied using light microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on six loci (ITS rDNA, cox1, cox2, ef1a, hsp90 and β-tubulin) to clarify the species boundaries in the Pe. belbahrii species complex. The downy mildew on Salvia pratensis is shown to be distinct from Pe. salviae-officinalis and closely related to Pe. glechomae, and is herein described as a new species, Pe. salviae-pratensis. The downy mildew on S. sclarea was found to be caused by Pe. salviae-officinalis. This is of phytopathological importance, because meadow sage thus does not play a role as inoculum source for common sage in the natural habitat of the former in Europe and Asia, while clary sage probably does. The multi-gene phylogeny revealed that the causal agent of downy mildew on coleus is distinct from Pe. belbahrii on basil, and is herein described as a new taxon, Pe. choii.

寄生于薄荷科的霜霉菌是特别有趣的,因为这个部落的Lamiaceae包含各种重要的药用植物和烹饪草本植物。在过去的二十年里,两种病原体,Peronospora belbahrii和Pe。鼠尾草(Salviae-officinalis)已在全球蔓延,分别影响罗勒和鼠尾草的生产。在Pe的原始边界中。coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides)的霜霉病belbahrii在更广泛的意义上属于这个物种,但使用两个基因进行形态学和分子系统发育分析的细微差异表明,这种病原体可能需要被分配到一个单独的物种。本文采用光镜技术和基于ITS rDNA、cox1、cox2、ef1a、hsp90和β-微管蛋白6个位点的分子系统发育分析,对鼠尾草(Salvia sclarea)、草叶鼠尾草(S. pratensis)、罗勒(Ocimum basilicum)、地常春藤(Glechoma hederacea)和花青草(Plectranthus scutellarioides)等Mentheae科植物发生霜霉病的Peronospora种进行了研究。Belbahrii物种复合体。在草原鼠尾草霜霉病显示不同于Pe。鼠尾草,与鼠尾草密切相关。本文将其描述为一个新种。salviae-pratensis。菌丝体上的霜霉病是由Pe引起的。salviae-officinalis。这在植物病理学上是重要的,因为草甸鼠尾草在欧洲和亚洲的自然栖息地不能作为普通鼠尾草的接种源,而鼠尾草可能可以。多基因系统发育表明,大肠霜霉病的致病因子不同于Pe。belbahrii在罗勒上,并在此描述为一个新的分类单元,Pe。choii。
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引用次数: 4
Entoloma sequestratum, a new species from northern Thailand, and a worldwide key to sequestrate taxa of Entoloma (Entolomataceae). 泰国北部一新种及一世界范围内的粘固分类群(粘固科)。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-03 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.12
T F Elliott, D J Nelsen, S C Karunarathna, S L Stephenson

Based on our study of the morphology and genetics of sporocarps collected in the mountains of northern Thailand, we herein describe Entoloma sequestratum as a new sequestrate member of the Entolomotaceae. This serves as the first report of a sequestrate member of the genus from Thailand. In addition, we provide a worldwide key to all of the described sequestrate members of the genus.

基于对泰国北部山区采集的孢子果的形态和遗传学研究,我们将其描述为Entoloma sequestratum,作为entolomotacae的新封存成员。这是来自泰国的一种被隔离的成员的第一份报告。此外,我们还提供了该属所有描述的封存成员的全球密钥。
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引用次数: 2
The Genera of Fungi - G6: Arthrographis, Kramasamuha, Melnikomyces, Thysanorea, and Verruconis. 真菌的Genera——G6:节育图、Kramasamuha、Melnikomyces、Thysanorea和Verruconis。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-05 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.01
M Hernández-Restrepo, A Giraldo, R van Doorn, M J Wingfield, J Z Groenewald, R W Barreto, A A Colmán, P S C Mansur, P W Crous

The Genera of Fungi series, of which this is the sixth contribution, links type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data. Five genera of microfungi are treated in this study, with new species introduced in Arthrographis, Melnikomyces, and Verruconis. The genus Thysanorea is emended and two new species and nine combinations are proposed. Kramasamuha sibika, the type species of the genus, is provided with DNA sequence data for first time and shown to be a member of Helminthosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes). Aureoconidiella is introduced as a new genus representing a new lineage in the Dothideomycetes.

真菌属系列,这是第六份贡献,将真菌属的类型物种与其形态和DNA序列数据联系起来。本研究对5属微真菌进行了处理,并引入了Arthrographis, Melnikomyces和Verruconis中的新种。修正了菊花属,提出了2个新种和9个组合。本文首次获得了该属的模式种Kramasamuha sibika的DNA序列数据,证实其属Helminthosphaeriaceae (Sordariomycetes)。Aureoconidiella作为一个新属被介绍,代表了Dothideomycetes的一个新谱系。
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引用次数: 12
Diatomophthoraceae - a new family of olpidiopsis-like diatom parasitoids largely unrelated to Ectrogella. Diatomophthoraceae - 一个与 Ectrogella 基本无关的新的硅藻寄生虫家族。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-11 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.06
A T Buaya, M Thines

The oomycete genus Ectrogella currently comprises a rather heterogeneous group of obligate endoparasitoids, mostly of diatoms and algae. Despite their widespread occurrence, little is known regarding the phylogenetic affinities of these bizarre organisms. Traditionally, the genus was included within the Saprolegniales, based on zoospore diplanetism and a saprolegnia/achlya-like zoospore discharge. The genus has undergone multiple re-definitions in the past, and has often been used largely indiscriminately for oomycetes forming sausage-like thalli in diatoms. While the phylogenetic affinity of the polyphyletic genus Olpidiopsis has recently been partially resolved, taxonomic placement of the genus Ectrogella remained unresolved, as no sequence data were available for species of this genus. In this study, we report the phylogenetic placement of Ectrogella bacillariacearum infecting the freshwater diatom Nitzschia sigmoidea. The phylogenetic reconstruction shows that Ectrogella bacillariacearum is grouped among the early diverging lineages of the Saprolegniomycetes with high support, and is unrelated to the monophyletic diatom-infecting olpidiopsis-like species. As these species are neither related to Ectrogella, nor to the early diverging lineages of Olpidiopsis s. str. and Miracula, they are placed in a new genus, Diatomophthora, in the present study.

外鞭毛菌属目前包括一组异质的强制性内寄生虫,主要寄生于硅藻和藻类。尽管它们广泛存在,但人们对这些奇异生物的系统发育亲缘关系知之甚少。传统上,该属被归入鞘鳃纲(Saprolegniales),其依据是孢子囊复眼和类似鞘鳃纲/鞘鳃亚纲的孢子囊排出。该属在过去经历了多次重新定义,经常被不加区分地用于硅藻中形成香肠状菌丝的卵菌。虽然多分化属 Olpidiopsis 的系统发育亲缘关系最近得到了部分解决,但 Ectrogella 属的分类定位仍未解决,因为没有该属物种的序列数据。在本研究中,我们报告了感染淡水硅藻 Nitzschia sigmoidea 的 Ectrogella bacillariacearum 的系统发育位置。系统发育重建结果表明,巴氏外盘蛆菌(Ectrogella bacillariacearum)以较高的支持率被归入无根羊膜菌科(Saprolegniomycetes)的早期分化世系,与单系的硅藻感染奥氏拟藻类(olpidiopsis-like species)无关。由于这些物种既不与 Ectrogella 相关,也不与 Olpidiopsis s. str. 和 Miracula 的早期分化品系相关,因此本研究将它们归入一个新属 Diatomophthora。
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引用次数: 0
Japanese species of Alternaria and their species boundaries based on host range. 日本赤霉属种及其基于寄主范围的种界。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-01-10 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.13
J Nishikawa, C Nakashima

To clarify the diversity of plant-parasitic Alternaria species in Japan, diseased samples were collected, and fungal isolates established in culture. We examined 85 isolates representing 23 species distributed in 14 known sections based on conidial morphology and DNA phylogeny. Three species were found to be new, A. cylindrica, A. paragomphrenae and A. triangularis. Furthermore, a lectotype was designated for A. gomphrenae, and epitypes for A. cinerariae, A. gomphrenae, A. iridicola, and A. japonica. Species boundaries of isolates were also clarified by studying phenotypes and determining host ranges. Alternaria gomphrenae and related species in sect. Alternantherae were recognized as distinct species owing to their host specificity. Among the species infecting Apiaceae, the pathogenicity of A. cumini and a novel species, A. triangularis ex Bupleurum, were confirmed as host specific. Another novel species, A. cylindrica, proved to be host specific to Petunia. Alternaria iridicola was recognized as a large-spored species in sect. Alternaria, being host specific to Iris spp. On the other hand, the experimental host ranges of three morphologically and phylogenetically distinct species infecting Brassicaceae (A. brassicae, A. brassicicola, and A. japonica) showed almost no differences. Alternaria brassicicola and A. porri were even found on non-host plants. In general, host ranges of Alternaria species correlated with morphology and molecular phylogeny, and combining these datasets resulted in clearer species boundaries.

为了阐明日本植物寄生互交菌的多样性,我们收集了病样,并在培养中建立了真菌分离株。基于分生孢子形态和DNA系统发育,我们研究了分布在14个已知区域的85个分离株,代表23种。新发现3种,分别为白茅、副蕨和三角蕨。此外,还分别确定了gomphrenae的一个选型和a. cinerariae、a. gomphrenae、a. i梨花和a. japonica的一个表型。通过研究表型和确定寄主范围,明确了分离株的种界。由于其寄主特异性,在互花科中互花属(Alternaria gomphrenae)及其近缘种被认为是不同的种。在蜂科的侵染种中,证实了a . cumini和新种a . triangularis ex Bupleurum的致病性是宿主特异性的。另一个新物种,圆柱孢霉,被证明是矮牵牛特有的寄主。另一方面,三种形态和系统发育上不同的侵染芸苔科植物(a . brassicae、a . brassicola和a . japonica)的实验寄主范围几乎没有差异。在非寄主植物上也发现了油菜交替孢菌和porri。总的来说,交替孢属的寄主范围与形态和分子系统发育相关,结合这些数据集可以得到更清晰的种界。
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引用次数: 25
The Genera of Fungi - G5: Arthrinium, Ceratosphaeria, Dimerosporiopsis, Hormodochis, Lecanostictopsis, Lembosina, Neomelanconium, Phragmotrichum, Pseudomelanconium, Rutola, and Trullula. 真菌属G5:节藻属(Arthrinium)、角藻属(Ceratospeeria)、二孢菌属(Dimerosporiopsis)、激素虫属(Hormodochis)、Lecanostictopsis、Lembosina、Neomelanconium、Phragmotrichum、Pseudomelanconim、Rutola和Trullula。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-22 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.04
P W Crous, R K Schumacher, A R Wood, J Z Groenewald

The present paper represents the fifth contribution in the Genera of Fungi series, linking type species of fungal genera to their morphology and DNA sequence data. This paper focuses on 11 genera of microfungi, for seven of which the type species are neo- or epitypified here: Arthrinium (Arthrinium caricicola; Apiosporaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes), Ceratosphaeria (Ceratosphaeria lampadophora; Magnaporthaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes), Dimerosporiopsis (Dimerosporiopsis engleriana; Venturiaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes), Hormodochis (Hormodochis melanochlora; Stictidaceae, Ostropales, Ostropomycetidae, OSLEUM clade, Lecanoromycetes), Lecanostictopsis (Lecanostictopsis kamatii; Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Dothideomycetes), Lembosina (Lembosina aulographoides; Lembosinaceae fam. nov., Lembosinales ord. nov., Dothideomycetes), Neomelanconium (Neomelanconium gelatosporum; Cenangiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes), Phragmotrichum (Phragmotrichum chailletii; Melanommataceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), Pseudomelanconium gen. nov. (Pseudomelanconium spartii; incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina), Rutola (Rutola graminis; Torulaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), and Trullula (Trullula oreoselini; incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina).

本文是 "真菌属 "系列的第五篇论文,该系列将真菌属的模式种与其形态学和 DNA 序列数据联系起来。本文重点研究了 11 个微真菌属,其中 7 个属的模式种在本文中得到了新鉴定或表型鉴定:Arthrinium (Arthrinium caricicola; Apiosporaceae, Xylariales, Sordariomycetes),Ceratosphaeria (Ceratosphaeria lampadophora; Magnaporthaceae, Magnaporthales, Sordariomycetes),Dimerosporiopsis (Dimerosporiopsis engleriana; Venturiaceae, Venturiales, Dothideomycetes),Hormodochis (Hormodochis melanochlora. Stictidaceae, Ostropropices, Sordariomycetes);Lecanostictopsis(Lecanostictopsis kamatii;Mycosphaerellaceae,Capnodiales,Dothideomycetes),Lembosina(Lembosina aulographoides;Lembosinaceae fam.nov、Lembosinales ord、Dothideomycetes), Neomelanconium (Neomelanconium gelatosporum; Cenangiaceae, Helotiales, Leotiomycetes), Phragmotrichum (Phragmotrichum chailletii; Melanommataceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), Pseudomelanconium gen.nov. (Pseudomelanconium spartii; incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina), Rutola (Rutola graminis; Torulaceae, Pleosporales, Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes), and Trullula (Trullula oreoselini; incertae sedis, Pezizomycotina).
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引用次数: 0
Red yeasts from leaf surfaces and other habitats: three new species and a new combination of Symmetrospora (Pucciniomycotina, Cystobasidiomycetes). 来自叶片表面和其他生境的红色酵母:三个新种和一种新组合的同孢子菌(puccininiomycotina, cystobasidiomyetes)。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-12-20 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.12
D Haelewaters, M Toome-Heller, S Albu, M C Aime

Our understanding of the systematics of red yeasts has greatly improved with the availability of sequence data and it is now clear that the majority of these fungi belong to three different classes of Pucciniomycotina (Basidiomycota): Agaricostilbomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes, and Microbotryomycetes. Despite improvements in phylogenetic placement, the taxonomy of these fungi has long been in need of revision and still has not been entirely resolved, partly due to missing taxa. In the present study, we present data of culture-based environmental yeast isolation, revealing several undescribed species of Symmetrospora, which was recently introduced to accommodate six species previously placed in the asexual genera Sporobolomyces and Rhodotorula in the gracilis/marina clade of Cystobasidiomycetes. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of three rDNA loci, morphology, and biochemical studies, we formally describe the following new species: Symmetrospora clarorosea sp. nov. from leaf surfaces in Portugal and the USA; S. pseudomarina sp. nov. from leaf surfaces in Brazil, and the USA and decaying wood in the USA; and S. suhii sp. nov. from a beetle gut in the USA, leaf surfaces in Brazil and marine water in the Taiwan and Thailand. Finally, we propose a new combination for Sporobolomyces oryzicola based on our molecular phylogenetic data, Symmetrospora oryzicola comb. nov.

随着序列数据的可用性,我们对红酵母系统的了解已经大大提高,现在很清楚,这些真菌中的大多数属于三种不同的担子菌门:Agaricostilbomycetes, Cystobasidiomycetes和Microbotryomycetes。尽管在系统发育定位方面有所改进,但这些真菌的分类一直需要修订,并且仍然没有完全解决,部分原因是缺少分类群。在本研究中,我们提供了基于培养的环境酵母分离的数据,揭示了几个未描述的同形孢子菌种,最近被引入以容纳六个物种,这些物种以前被放置在孢子菌属的无性属和红托菌属的囊泡菌属/marina分支。基于三个rDNA位点的分子系统发育分析、形态学和生化研究,我们正式描述了以下新种:来自葡萄牙和美国叶片表面的clarorosea Symmetrospora sp. nov.;pseudomarina sp. 11 .来自巴西和美国的叶片表面和美国的腐烂木材;在美国的甲虫内脏、巴西的叶子表面以及台湾和泰国的海水中发现了苏希氏沙门氏菌。最后,基于我们的分子系统发育数据,我们提出了一个新的水稻芽孢菌组合——对称孢子菌(Symmetrospora oryzicola comb)。11月。
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引用次数: 13
Geodina (Pezizomycetes: Wynneaceae) has a single widespread species in tropical America. Geodina(Pezizomycetes:Wynneaceae)在美洲热带地区有一个广泛分布的物种。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-11-13 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.08
D H Pfister, L Quijada, K F LoBuglio

Geodina salmonicolor is shown to be a synonym of G. guanacastensis, the type and only species of the genus. Comparisons of ITS rDNA sequences of a paratype and two recent collections of G. guanacastensis with published ITS sequences of G. salmonicolor, from the Dominican Republic, show that these are nearly identical. When G. salmonicolor was erected no sequences of the type species were available. Morphological comparisons supports the conspecificity. Details regarding the description of G. salmonicolor are pointed out. A four-gene phylogeny places Geodina and Wynnea as a supported sister group to the rest of the Sarcoscyphaceae. Species in these genera share morphological traits of cyanophobic spore markings, dark angular outer excipular cells that give rise to hairs and the origin of several apothecia from a common basal stalk. Their occurrence on soil rather than on wood or plant material distinguish them from other Sarcoscyphaceae. Based on morphology, phylogenic relationships and trophic interactions we erect a new family, Wynneaceae, for Geodina and Wynnea.

Guanacastensis 的异名,G. guanacastensis 是该属唯一的模式种。guanacastensis 的 ITS rDNA 序列与已发表的来自多米尼加共和国的 G. salmonicolor 的 ITS 序列进行比较,结果表明两者几乎完全相同。当 G. salmonicolor 被建立时,还没有模式种的序列。形态学上的比较证实了其同种性。指出了有关 G. salmonicolor 描述的细节。通过四基因系统进化,Geodina 和 Wynnea 被认为是马尾藻科其他属的姊妹属。这些属中的物种具有共同的形态特征,即孢子上有嗜氰的标记、外层细胞呈深色角状并长出绒毛,以及从一个共同的基茎上长出多个皮孔。它们生长在土壤而非木材或植物材料上,这使它们与其他沙棘科植物区分开来。根据形态、系统发生关系和营养相互作用,我们为 Geodina 和 Wynnea 建立了一个新的科 Wynneaceae。
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引用次数: 0
Taxonomic revision of the genus Zygorhizidium: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales ord. nov. (Chytridiomycetes, Chytridiomycota). 壶菌属的分类修订:壶菌科和壶菌科。11 .(壶菌科,壶菌科)。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-21 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.02
K Seto, S Van den Wyngaert, Y Degawa, M Kagami

During the last decade, the classification system of chytrids has dramatically changed based on zoospore ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny. In contrast to well-studied saprotrophic chytrids, most parasitic chytrids have thus far been only morphologically described by light microscopy, hence they hold great potential for filling some of the existing gaps in the current classification of chytrids. The genus Zygorhizidium is characterized by an operculate zoosporangium and a resting spore formed as a result of sexual reproduction in which a male thallus and female thallus fuse via a conjugation tube. All described species of Zygorhizidium are parasites of algae and their taxonomic positions remain to be resolved. Here, we examined morphology, zoospore ultrastructure, host specificity, and molecular phylogeny of seven cultures of Zygorhizidium spp. Based on thallus morphology and host specificity, one culture was identified as Z. willei parasitic on zygnematophycean green algae, whereas the others were identified as parasites of diatoms, Z. asterionellae on Asterionella, Z. melosirae on Aulacoseira, and Z. planktonicum on Ulnaria (formerly Synedra). According to phylogenetic analysis, Zygorhizidium was separated into two distinct order-level novel lineages; one lineage was composed singly of Z. willei, which is the type species of the genus, and the other included the three species of diatom parasites. Zoospore ultrastructural observation revealed that the two lineages can be distinguished from each other and both possess unique characters among the known orders within the Chytridiomycetes. Based on these results, we accommodate the three diatom parasites, Z. asterionellae, Z. melosirae, and Z. planktonicum in the distinct genus Zygophlyctis, and propose two new orders: Zygorhizidiales and Zygophlyctidales.

近十年来,基于游动孢子的超微结构和分子系统发育,壶菌的分类系统发生了巨大的变化。与腐坏性壶菌相比,大多数寄生壶菌迄今为止仅通过光学显微镜进行形态学描述,因此它们具有很大的潜力,可以填补目前壶菌分类中存在的一些空白。合芽属的特点是有一个带盖的游动孢子囊和一个静止的孢子,这是有性繁殖的结果,其中一个雄性菌体和一个雌性菌体通过接合管融合。所有已描述的接合芽孢属都是藻类寄生虫,它们的分类位置仍有待解决。在此,我们对7种Zygorhizidium spp培养物的形态、游动孢子超微结构、寄主特异性和分子系统发育进行了研究。根据菌体形态和寄主特异性,一种培养物被鉴定为寄生在zygnematophycean绿藻上的Z. willei,而其他培养物被鉴定为寄生在硅藻上的Z. asterionellae、Z. melosiraae和Z. plankton。根据系统发育分析,合芽属被划分为两个不同的目级新系;其中一个谱系仅由该属的模式种Z. willei组成,另一个谱系包括3种硅藻寄生虫。游动孢子的超微结构观察表明,这两个系在壶菌已知目中都具有独特的特征。基于这些结果,我们将3种硅藻寄生虫,即Z. asterionellae、Z. melosiraae和Z. plankton .纳入了不同的zygophylyctis属,并提出了两个新目:zygophylyctidales和zygophylyctidales。
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引用次数: 26
期刊
Fungal systematics and evolution
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