Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-09-13DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.07
C M Visagie, M Goodwell, D O Nkwe
A fungal survey of the Gcwihaba Cave from Botswana found Aspergillus to be one of the more common fungal genera isolated. The 81 Aspergillus strains were identified using CaM sequences and comparing these to a curated reference dataset. Nineteen species were identified representing eight sections (sections Candidi, Circumdati, Flavi, Flavipedes, Nidulantes, Nigri, Terrei and Usti). One strain could not be identified. Morphological characterisation and multigene phylogenetic analyses confirmed it as a new species in section Flavipedes and we introduce it below as A. okavangoensis. The new species is most similar to A. iizukae, both producing conidiophores with vesicles typically wider than 20 μm. The new species, however, does not produce Hülle cells and its colonies grow slower than those of A. iizukae on CYA at 37 °C (14-15 vs 18-21 mm) and CREA (15-16 vs 23-41mm).
对博茨瓦纳 Gcwihaba 洞穴的真菌调查发现,曲霉菌是分离到的较常见的真菌属之一。利用 CaM 序列并将其与参考数据集进行比较,对 81 个曲霉菌株进行了鉴定。共鉴定出 19 个菌种,分别代表 8 个区(Candidi 区、Circumdati 区、Flavi 区、Flavipedes 区、Nidulantes 区、Nigri 区、Terrei 区和 Usti 区)。有一个菌株无法确定。形态特征和多基因系统发育分析证实它是弗拉维佩德斯科的一个新物种,我们在下文中将其命名为 A. okavangoensis。新种与 A. iizukae 最为相似,都能产生分生孢子器,其囊泡通常宽于 20 μm。然而,新种不产生 Hülle 细胞,而且在 37 °C 的 CYA(14-15 mm 对 18-21 mm)和 CREA(15-16 mm 对 23-41 mm)条件下,其菌落生长速度比 A. iizukae 慢。
{"title":"<i>Aspergillus</i> diversity from the Gcwihaba Cave in Botswana and description of one new species.","authors":"C M Visagie, M Goodwell, D O Nkwe","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.07","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A fungal survey of the Gcwihaba Cave from Botswana found <i>Aspergillus</i> to be one of the more common fungal genera isolated. The 81 <i>Aspergillus</i> strains were identified using <i>CaM</i> sequences and comparing these to a curated reference dataset. Nineteen species were identified representing eight sections (sections <i>Candidi, Circumdati, Flavi, Flavipedes, Nidulantes, Nigri, Terrei</i> and <i>Usti</i>). One strain could not be identified. Morphological characterisation and multigene phylogenetic analyses confirmed it as a new species in section <i>Flavipedes</i> and we introduce it below as <i>A. okavangoensis.</i> The new species is most similar to <i>A. iizukae</i>, both producing conidiophores with vesicles typically wider than 20 μm. The new species, however, does not produce Hülle cells and its colonies grow slower than those of <i>A. iizukae</i> on CYA at 37 °C (14-15 <i>vs</i> 18-21 mm) and CREA (15-16 <i>vs</i> 23-41mm).</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-06-01DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.01
B P Looney, B Buyck, N Menolli, E Randrianjohany, D Hibbett
We describe the first species of Lentinula from Africa, Lentinula madagasikarensis sp. nov. The new taxon, which was collected from central Madagascar, is strikingly similar to L. edodes, the shiitake mushroom. A BLAST search using ITS sequences from L. madagasikarensis as the query retrieves a mix of Lentinula, Gymnopus, Marasmiellus, and other members of Omphalotaceae as the top hits. A 28S phylogeny of the Omphalotaceae confirms placement of L. madagasikarensis within Lentinula. An ITS phylogeny places L. madagasikarensis as the sister group of L. aciculospora, which is a neotropical species. Lentinula madagasikarensis is characterized by robust basidiomata with vinaceous pilei, prominent floccose scales near the pileus margin, florets of sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia, and subcylindrical basidiospores. This report constitutes a 4 000-mile, trans-oceanic range extension for Lentinula.
{"title":"<i>Lentinula madagasikarensis sp. nov</i>., a relative of shiitake mushrooms from Madagascar.","authors":"B P Looney, B Buyck, N Menolli, E Randrianjohany, D Hibbett","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the first species of <i>Lentinula</i> from Africa, <i>Lentinula madagasikarensis sp. nov</i>. The new taxon, which was collected from central Madagascar, is strikingly similar to <i>L. edodes</i>, the shiitake mushroom. A BLAST search using ITS sequences from <i>L. madagasikarensis</i> as the query retrieves a mix of <i>Lentinula, Gymnopus</i>, <i>Marasmiellus</i>, and other members of <i>Omphalotaceae</i> as the top hits. A 28S phylogeny of the <i>Omphalotaceae</i> confirms placement of <i>L. madagasikarensis</i> within <i>Lentinula</i>. An ITS phylogeny places <i>L. madagasikarensis</i> as the sister group of <i>L. aciculospora</i>, which is a neotropical species. <i>Lentinula madagasikarensis</i> is characterized by robust basidiomata with vinaceous pilei, prominent floccose scales near the pileus margin, florets of sphaeropedunculate cheilocystidia, and subcylindrical basidiospores. This report constitutes a 4 000-mile, trans-oceanic range extension for <i>Lentinula</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39663886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-06-02DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.03
S Mongkolsamrit, W Noisripoom, D Thanakitpipattana, A Khonsanit, S Lamlertthon, J J Luangsa-Ard
Three new fungal species in the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) associated with plants were collected in Thailand. Morphological characterisation and phylogenetic analyses based on multi-locus sequences of LSU, RPB1 and TEF1 showed that two species belong to Aciculosporium and Shimizuomyces. Morakotia occupies a unique clade and is proposed as a novel genus in Clavicipitaceae. Shimizuomyces cinereus and Morakotia fusca share the morphological characteristic of having cylindrical to clavate stromata arising from seeds. Aciculosporium siamense produces perithecial plates and occurs on a leaf sheath of an unknown panicoid grass.
{"title":"New species in <i>Aciculosporium</i>, <i>Shimizuomyces</i> and a new genus <i>Morakotia</i> associated with plants in <i>Clavicipitaceae</i> from Thailand.","authors":"S Mongkolsamrit, W Noisripoom, D Thanakitpipattana, A Khonsanit, S Lamlertthon, J J Luangsa-Ard","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three new fungal species in the <i>Clavicipitaceae</i> (<i>Hypocreales</i>, <i>Ascomycota</i>) associated with plants were collected in Thailand. Morphological characterisation and phylogenetic analyses based on multi-locus sequences of LSU, <i>RPB1</i> and <i>TEF1</i> showed that two species belong to <i>Aciculosporium</i> and <i>Shimizuomyces. Morakotia</i> occupies a unique clade and is proposed as a novel genus in <i>Clavicipitaceae. Shimizuomyces cinereus</i> and <i>Morakotia fusca</i> share the morphological characteristic of having cylindrical to clavate stromata arising from seeds. <i>Aciculosporium siamense</i> produces perithecial plates and occurs on a leaf sheath of an unknown panicoid grass.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39663888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-10-07DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.08
E Karlsen-Ayala, R Gazis, M E Smith
We describe a novel sequestrate genus and species, Asperosporus subterraneus gen. et sp. nov., found associated with nursery production of ferns in south Florida. This truffle species has a unique combination of morphological characters among described Agaricaceae in that it lacks a stipe or columella, has large, ornamented spores, the fresh sporocarps rapidly stain pink-red when cut or bruised, and they have a rancid smell. Although this fungus does not appear to be a direct plant pathogen, the hyphae of A. subterraneus produce a thick hydrophobic mycelial mat that binds the organic matter and therefore prevents water and fertilizer from being absorbed by plants, consequently causing wilting and chlorosis. Using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic reconstruction based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) regions, we describe this taxon as a new genus and species in Agaricaceae.
我们描述了一个新的封存属和种,Asperosporus subterraneus gen. et sp. nov.,发现与南佛罗里达蕨类植物苗圃生产有关。这种松露在所描述的松露科中具有独特的形态特征组合,它没有柱头或小柱,有大而有装饰的孢子,新鲜的孢子囊在切割或擦伤时迅速染成粉红色,并且有腐臭的气味。虽然这种真菌似乎不是直接的植物病原体,但地下芽孢杆菌的菌丝会产生一层厚厚的疏水菌丝垫,这种菌丝垫可以结合有机物,从而阻止水和肥料被植物吸收,从而导致枯萎和褪绿。基于其内部转录间隔区(ITS)、部分大亚基核糖体DNA (LSU)、RNA聚合酶II (rpb2)第二大亚基和翻译延伸因子1- α (tef1)区域的形态学特征和系统发育重建,我们将该分类群描述为木香科新属和新种。
{"title":"<i>Asperosporus subterraneus</i>, a new genus and species of sequestrate <i>Agaricaceae</i> found in Florida nursery production.","authors":"E Karlsen-Ayala, R Gazis, M E Smith","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.08","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a novel sequestrate genus and species, Asperosporus subterraneus gen. et sp. nov., found associated with nursery production of ferns in south Florida. This truffle species has a unique combination of morphological characters among described Agaricaceae in that it lacks a stipe or columella, has large, ornamented spores, the fresh sporocarps rapidly stain pink-red when cut or bruised, and they have a rancid smell. Although this fungus does not appear to be a direct plant pathogen, the hyphae of A. subterraneus produce a thick hydrophobic mycelial mat that binds the organic matter and therefore prevents water and fertilizer from being absorbed by plants, consequently causing wilting and chlorosis. Using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic reconstruction based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) regions, we describe this taxon as a new genus and species in Agaricaceae.","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-11-29DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.14
C Walker, A Schüßler, B Vincent, S Cranenbrouck, S Declerck
The nomenclatural type material of Rhizophagus intraradices (basionym Glomus intraradices) was originally described from a trap pot culture established with root fragments, subcultures of which later became registered in the INVAM culture collection as FL 208. Subcultures of FL 208 (designated as strain ATT 4) and a new strain, independently isolated from the type location (ATT 1102), were established as both pot cultures with soil-like substrate and in vitro root organ culture. Long-term sampling of these cultures shows spores of the species to have considerable morphological plasticity, not described in the original description. Size, shape and other features of the spores were much more variable than indicated in the protologue. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed earlier published evidence that sequences from all R. intraradices cultures formed a monophyletic clade, well separated from, and not representing a sister clade to, R. irregularis. Moreover, new phylogenetic analyses show that Rhizoglomus venetianum and R. irregularis are synonymous. The morphological characters used to separate these species exemplify the difficulties in species recognition due to the high phenotypic plasticity in the genus Rhizophagus. Rhizophagus intraradices is morphologically re-described, an epitype is designated from a single-spore isolate derived from ATT 4, and R. venetianum is synonymised with R. irregularis.
{"title":"Anchoring the species <i>Rhizophagus intraradices</i> (formerly <i>Glomus intraradices</i>).","authors":"C Walker, A Schüßler, B Vincent, S Cranenbrouck, S Declerck","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nomenclatural type material of <i>Rhizophagus intraradices</i> (basionym <i>Glomus intraradices</i>) was originally described from a trap pot culture established with root fragments, subcultures of which later became registered in the INVAM culture collection as FL 208. Subcultures of FL 208 (designated as strain ATT 4) and a new strain, independently isolated from the type location (ATT 1102), were established as both pot cultures with soil-like substrate and <i>in vitro</i> root organ culture. Long-term sampling of these cultures shows spores of the species to have considerable morphological plasticity, not described in the original description. Size, shape and other features of the spores were much more variable than indicated in the protologue. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed earlier published evidence that sequences from all <i>R. intraradices</i> cultures formed a monophyletic clade, well separated from, and not representing a sister clade to, <i>R. irregularis</i>. Moreover, new phylogenetic analyses show that <i>Rhizoglomus venetianum</i> and <i>R. irregularis</i> are synonymous. The morphological characters used to separate these species exemplify the difficulties in species recognition due to the high phenotypic plasticity in the genus <i>Rhizophagus. Rhizophagus intraradices</i> is morphologically re-described, an epitype is designated from a single-spore isolate derived from ATT 4, and <i>R. venetianum</i> is synonymised with <i>R. irregularis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39915730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-07-29DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.06
N Davoodian, T Lebel, M A Castellano, K Hosaka
Hysterangiales (Phallomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) is a diverse, nearly cosmopolitan order of predominantly hypogeous, sequestrate, ectomycorrhizal fungi. Expanding on previously published phylogenies, we significantly increased sampling of Hysterangiales specimens, emphasizing representatives from Australia. Using protein-coding genes atp6 (adenosine triphosphate synthase subunit 6) and tef1 (translation elongation factor 1-á), we recovered 26 provisional novel genera, and corroborated existing genera and families. Further, two new suborders (Phallogastrineae subord. nov. and Hysterangineae subord. nov.) and a new family (Phallogastraceae fam. nov.) are described, and three new combinations made to Phallogaster. Aspects of classification and biogeography are presented.
{"title":"<i>Hysterangiales</i> revisited: expanded phylogeny reveals new genera and two new suborders.","authors":"N Davoodian, T Lebel, M A Castellano, K Hosaka","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Hysterangiales</i> (<i>Phallomycetidae</i>, <i>Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota</i>) is a diverse, nearly cosmopolitan order of predominantly hypogeous, sequestrate, ectomycorrhizal fungi. Expanding on previously published phylogenies, we significantly increased sampling of <i>Hysterangiales</i> specimens, emphasizing representatives from Australia. Using protein-coding genes <i>atp6</i> (adenosine triphosphate synthase subunit 6) and <i>tef1</i> (translation elongation factor 1-á), we recovered 26 provisional novel genera, and corroborated existing genera and families. Further, two new suborders (<i>Phallogastrineae subord. nov</i>. and <i>Hysterangineae subord. nov</i>.) and a new family (<i>Phallogastraceae fam. nov</i>.) are described, and three new combinations made to <i>Phallogaster</i>. Aspects of classification and biogeography are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-11-09DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.10
M A Ribes, V Escobio, R Negrín, H O Baral, D H Pfister, L Quijada
Hymenobolus agaves has been reported only in Europe and Africa on the American plant Agave americana (Asparagaceae). This fungus has never been found in the native range of its host, in arid ecosystems of northern and central Mexico and Texas, USA. It has been suggested to be a pathogen that can kill its host. The fungus grows on succulent leaf bases of the plant. The morphology - black apothecia with a hymenium that disintegrates when asci mature and dark ornamented ascospores - make this species very distinctive, but it has been collected and reported only a few times since its first description. Its systematic position has been unclear, and it has been treated as incertae sedis, that is of uncertain placement, in Leotiomycetes. With recent collections and additional data on the ecology of H. agaves, we use integrative taxonomy (DNA sequences, morphology, ecology) to show its relationships is with Cenangiaceae.
{"title":"Wanted on <i>Agave americana</i>! <i>Hymenobolus agaves</i>, an overlooked introduced pathogen in the western palearctic region.","authors":"M A Ribes, V Escobio, R Negrín, H O Baral, D H Pfister, L Quijada","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Hymenobolus agaves</i> has been reported only in Europe and Africa on the American plant <i>Agave americana</i> (<i>Asparagaceae</i>). This fungus has never been found in the native range of its host, in arid ecosystems of northern and central Mexico and Texas, USA. It has been suggested to be a pathogen that can kill its host. The fungus grows on succulent leaf bases of the plant. The morphology - black apothecia with a hymenium that disintegrates when asci mature and dark ornamented ascospores - make this species very distinctive, but it has been collected and reported only a few times since its first description. Its systematic position has been unclear, and it has been treated as <i>incertae sedis,</i> that is of uncertain placement<i>,</i> in <i>Leotiomycetes</i>. With recent collections and additional data on the ecology of <i>H. agaves</i>, we use integrative taxonomy (DNA sequences, morphology, ecology) to show its relationships is with <i>Cenangiaceae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-06-15DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.04
A S Alqurashi, J Kerrigan, K G Savchenko
A smut fungus that hinders wiregrass restoration efforts in longleaf pine-grassland ecosystems was collected from Aristida stricta and A. beyrichiana (Poaceae) in three states in the southeastern USA. Morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of this fungus were examined. These data show that the specimens from both plant species were infected by the same fungus and represent a new species of Langdonia. The new species differs morphologically from other species of Langdonia by teliospores being solitary and not compacted into spore balls. Spore wall ornamentation and teliospore size also differ from other Langdonia species. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences of the ITS, LSU, and EF-1α supported separation of the species from A. stricta and A. beyrichiana from other Langdonia species. Based on these results, a new species, Langdonia walkerae, is proposed.
{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterization of <i>Langdonia walkerae sp. nov</i>. infecting <i>Aristida stricta</i> and <i>A. beyrichiana</i> in longleaf pine-grassland ecosystems in the southeastern USA.","authors":"A S Alqurashi, J Kerrigan, K G Savchenko","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A smut fungus that hinders wiregrass restoration efforts in longleaf pine-grassland ecosystems was collected from <i>Aristida stricta</i> and <i>A. beyrichiana</i> (<i>Poaceae</i>) in three states in the southeastern USA. Morphological and phylogenetic characteristics of this fungus were examined. These data show that the specimens from both plant species were infected by the same fungus and represent a new species of <i>Langdonia</i>. The new species differs morphologically from other species of <i>Langdonia</i> by teliospores being solitary and not compacted into spore balls. Spore wall ornamentation and teliospore size also differ from other <i>Langdonia</i> species. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences of the ITS, LSU, and <i>EF-1α</i> supported separation of the species from <i>A. stricta</i> and <i>A. beyrichiana</i> from other <i>Langdonia</i> species. Based on these results, a new species, <i>Langdonia walkerae</i>, is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39663889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-11-24DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.13
I Viner, F Bortnikov, L Ryvarden, O Miettinen
We studied a number of sub-Saharan collections of corticioid Xylodon and Lyomyces species, including several types. Morphological descriptions and molecular analyses based on the ribosomal DNA loci nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and when possible nuc 28S rDNA, allow us to introduce four new species: L. densiusculus, X. angustisporus, X. dissiliens, and X. laxiusculus. DNA barcodes for X. submucronatus and X. pruniaceus are published for the first time and X. pruniaceus is re-described.
{"title":"On six African species of <i>Lyomyces</i> and <i>Xylodon</i>.","authors":"I Viner, F Bortnikov, L Ryvarden, O Miettinen","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2021.08.13","url":null,"abstract":"We studied a number of sub-Saharan collections of corticioid Xylodon and Lyomyces species, including several types. Morphological descriptions and molecular analyses based on the ribosomal DNA loci nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and when possible nuc 28S rDNA, allow us to introduce four new species: L. densiusculus, X. angustisporus, X. dissiliens, and X. laxiusculus. DNA barcodes for X. submucronatus and X. pruniaceus are published for the first time and X. pruniaceus is re-described.","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39915729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01Epub Date: 2021-07-19DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.05
A N Miller, M Réblová
The Iodosphaeriaceae is represented by the single genus, Iodosphaeria, which is composed of nine species with superficial, black, globose ascomata covered with long, flexuous, brown hairs projecting from the ascomata in a stellate fashion, unitunicate asci with an amyloid apical ring or ring lacking and ellipsoidal, ellipsoidal-fusiform or allantoid, hyaline, aseptate ascospores. Members of Iodosphaeria are infrequently found worldwide as saprobes on various hosts and a wide range of substrates. Only three species have been sequenced and included in phylogenetic analyses, but the type species, I. phyllophila, lacks sequence data. In order to stabilize the placement of the genus and family, an epitype for the type species was designated after obtaining ITS sequence data and conducting maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Iodosphaeria foliicola occurring on overwintered Alnus sp. leaves is described as new. Five species in the genus form a well-supported monophyletic group, sister to the Pseudosporidesmiaceae in the Xylariales. Selenosporella-like and/or ceratosporium-like synasexual morphs were experimentally verified or found associated with ascomata of seven of the nine accepted species in the genus. Taxa included and excluded from Iodosphaeria are discussed.
{"title":"Phylogenetic placement of <i>Iodosphaeriaceae</i> (<i>Xylariales, Ascomycota</i>), designation of an epitype for the type species of <i>Iodosphaeria</i>, <i>I. phyllophila</i>, and description of <i>I. foliicola sp. nov.</i>","authors":"A N Miller, M Réblová","doi":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.05","DOIUrl":"10.3114/fuse.2021.08.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Iodosphaeriaceae</i> is represented by the single genus, <i>Iodosphaeria</i>, which is composed of nine species with superficial, black, globose ascomata covered with long, flexuous, brown hairs projecting from the ascomata in a stellate fashion, unitunicate asci with an amyloid apical ring or ring lacking and ellipsoidal, ellipsoidal-fusiform or allantoid, hyaline, aseptate ascospores. Members of <i>Iodosphaeria</i> are infrequently found worldwide as saprobes on various hosts and a wide range of substrates. Only three species have been sequenced and included in phylogenetic analyses, but the type species, <i>I. phyllophila</i>, lacks sequence data. In order to stabilize the placement of the genus and family, an epitype for the type species was designated after obtaining ITS sequence data and conducting maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. <i>Iodosphaeria foliicola</i> occurring on overwintered <i>Alnus</i> sp. leaves is described as new. Five species in the genus form a well-supported monophyletic group, sister to the <i>Pseudosporidesmiaceae</i> in the <i>Xylariales</i>. Selenosporella-like and/or ceratosporium-like synasexual morphs were experimentally verified or found associated with ascomata of seven of the nine accepted species in the genus. Taxa included and excluded from <i>Iodosphaeria</i> are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73121,"journal":{"name":"Fungal systematics and evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39678898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}