S. Sussman, Nayeli Ayala, Pallav Pokhrel, T. Herzog
Sometimes in health behavior research, purportedly novel theoretical models are offered that may help move thinking about behavior change forward, and may be well-received by clinicians, but over time end up being a subject of continual scientific disconfirmation. The transtheoretical model is one rather popular example. The five stages of change and associated 10 processes of change are well-known (e.g., DiClemente et al., 2008; DiClemente et al., 2004). Yet, the model has been discredited to a large extent by several in the health behavior research community. In the present editorial, we briefly summarize the transtheoretical model, mention its current ongoing popularity, identify the critiques of this model, and suggest how one might best consider the model in future health behavior research and practice.
有时，在健康行为研究中，提供了据称新颖的理论模型，可能有助于推动对行为改变的思考，并且可能受到临床医生的欢迎，但随着时间的推移，最终成为不断被科学证实的主题。跨理论模型是一个相当流行的例子。变革的五个阶段和相关的变革过程是众所周知的(例如，DiClemente等人，2008;DiClemente et al.， 2004)。然而，这个模型在很大程度上受到了健康行为研究界一些人的质疑。在当前的社论中，我们简要地总结了跨理论模型，提到了它目前正在进行的流行，确定了对该模型的批评，并建议如何在未来的健康行为研究和实践中最好地考虑该模型。
{"title":"Reflections on the Continued Popularity of the Transtheoretical Model","authors":"S. Sussman, Nayeli Ayala, Pallav Pokhrel, T. Herzog","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1128","url":null,"abstract":"Sometimes in health behavior research, purportedly novel theoretical models are offered that may help move thinking about behavior change forward, and may be well-received by clinicians, but over time end up being a subject of continual scientific disconfirmation. The transtheoretical model is one rather popular example. The five stages of change and associated 10 processes of change are well-known (e.g., DiClemente et al., 2008; DiClemente et al., 2004). Yet, the model has been discredited to a large extent by several in the health behavior research community. In the present editorial, we briefly summarize the transtheoretical model, mention its current ongoing popularity, identify the critiques of this model, and suggest how one might best consider the model in future health behavior research and practice.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45749742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Slattum, Tiffany R. Washington, S. Dys, Patricia M D’Antonio, Tonya J. Roberts, Matthew Lee Smith
Abstract The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) is a multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to advancing the field of aging and improving the lives of older adults. With a long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development, this article focuses on GSA’s Mentoring Consultancies and Career Conversations events and their pivot to meet the needs and demands of current and future gerontologists amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides a description of these events in the context of planning, content, and member engagement. Recommendations are provided to other organizations seeking to enrich their membership through mentorship and career development activities. We acknowledge the contributions of members of the GSA Career Conversations workgroup to the programming described in this paper: Juanita Bacsu, Balachandran, Lei Olivio Patricia Kioyshi-Teo, Wen Claire Pendergrast, Tina Sadarangani, Eva-Maria Trinkaus, and staff liaison Gena Shoen. We thank GSA for its long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development for gerontologists through support of this workgroup, the Visiting Scholars program, Emerging Scholar and Professional Organization, Mentor Match, Diversity Mentoring and Career Development Technical Assistance program and Careers in Aging Week. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare, financial or otherwise. Abstract The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) is a multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to advancing the field of aging and improving the lives of older adults. With a long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development, this article focuses on GSA’s Mentoring Consultancies and Career Conversations events and their pivot to meet the needs and demands of current and future gerontologists amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides a description of these events in the context of planning, content, and member engagement. Recommendations are provided to other organizations seeking to enrich their membership through mentorship and career development activities.
{"title":"Mentorship in the Field of Aging: Purposes, Pivots, and Priorities","authors":"P. Slattum, Tiffany R. Washington, S. Dys, Patricia M D’Antonio, Tonya J. Roberts, Matthew Lee Smith","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) is a multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to advancing the field of aging and improving the lives of older adults. With a long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development, this article focuses on GSA’s Mentoring Consultancies and Career Conversations events and their pivot to meet the needs and demands of current and future gerontologists amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides a description of these events in the context of planning, content, and member engagement. Recommendations are provided to other organizations seeking to enrich their membership through mentorship and career development activities. We acknowledge the contributions of members of the GSA Career Conversations workgroup to the programming described in this paper: Juanita Bacsu, Balachandran, Lei Olivio Patricia Kioyshi-Teo, Wen Claire Pendergrast, Tina Sadarangani, Eva-Maria Trinkaus, and staff liaison Gena Shoen. We thank GSA for its long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development for gerontologists through support of this workgroup, the Visiting Scholars program, Emerging Scholar and Professional Organization, Mentor Match, Diversity Mentoring and Career Development Technical Assistance program and Careers in Aging Week. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare, financial or otherwise. Abstract The Gerontological Society of America (GSA) is a multi-disciplinary organization dedicated to advancing the field of aging and improving the lives of older adults. With a long-standing commitment to mentorship and career development, this article focuses on GSA’s Mentoring Consultancies and Career Conversations events and their pivot to meet the needs and demands of current and future gerontologists amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This article provides a description of these events in the context of planning, content, and member engagement. Recommendations are provided to other organizations seeking to enrich their membership through mentorship and career development activities.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46844791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This social norms construct, motivation to comply (MTC), has been labeled problematic. To understand how MTC has been operationalized and measured, a scoping review was conducted. To retrieve articles, the key words ‘Motivation to Comply’ were used in multiple databases (e.g., MEDLINE), from 2009-2021. Twenty-seven manuscripts were identified, and yet according to the author of this study, only 52% measured MTC correctly. Other studies measured MTC as some other psychosocial construct such as attitudes. This article points to the need for standardization in the definition and measurement of the
这种社会规范结构，即服从动机(MTC)，已经被贴上了有问题的标签。为了了解MTC是如何运作和衡量的，进行了范围审查。为了检索2009-2021年间的文章，在多个数据库(例如MEDLINE)中使用了关键词“Motivation To Comply”。鉴定了27份手稿，但根据这项研究的作者，只有52%的MTC测量正确。其他研究将MTC测量为其他一些社会心理结构，如态度。本文指出在定义和测量中需要标准化
{"title":"A perspective on the Motivation to Comply social norms construct","authors":"Paul Branscum","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1109","url":null,"abstract":"This social norms construct, motivation to comply (MTC), has been labeled problematic. To understand how MTC has been operationalized and measured, a scoping review was conducted. To retrieve articles, the key words ‘Motivation to Comply’ were used in multiple databases (e.g., MEDLINE), from 2009-2021. Twenty-seven manuscripts were identified, and yet according to the author of this study, only 52% measured MTC correctly. Other studies measured MTC as some other psychosocial construct such as attitudes. This article points to the need for standardization in the definition and measurement of the","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43630648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. LoParco, Ashley D Lowery, Zheng-ta Zhou, M. Leon, Annalynn M. Galvin, Melissa A. Lewis, D. Litt
Research demonstrates associations between alcohol consumption and posting alcohol-related content on social networking sites (SNS); less is known regarding motivations behind deleting alcohol content on SNS and differences by age. The present study examined the associations of anticipated regret with posting and deleting alcohol-related content; age was examined as a moderator. Participants (N = 306; 47.1% male) aged 15 – 20 completed a baseline survey for a larger experimental study. Results indicated significant interactions between anticipated regret and age, such that higher levels of both increased the odds of both posting (OR = 1.37) and deleting (OR = 1.30) alcohol-related content on SNS. Specifically, the association between anticipated regret and posting was stronger for younger individuals, whereas the relationship between anticipated regret and deleting was stronger for older individuals. A personalized age-specific intervention aimed at alcohol-related anticipated SNS regret may lead to changes in posting and deleting of alcohol-related SNS content, which may have implications for subsequent alcohol use.
{"title":"Age as a Moderator of the Association Between Anticipated Regret and the Posting and Deleting of Alcohol-Related Content on Social Networking Sites Among Adolescents and Young Adults","authors":"C. LoParco, Ashley D Lowery, Zheng-ta Zhou, M. Leon, Annalynn M. Galvin, Melissa A. Lewis, D. Litt","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1111","url":null,"abstract":"Research demonstrates associations between alcohol consumption and posting alcohol-related content on social networking sites (SNS); less is known regarding motivations behind deleting alcohol content on SNS and differences by age. The present study examined the associations of anticipated regret with posting and deleting alcohol-related content; age was examined as a moderator. Participants (N = 306; 47.1% male) aged 15 – 20 completed a baseline survey for a larger experimental study. Results indicated significant interactions between anticipated regret and age, such that higher levels of both increased the odds of both posting (OR = 1.37) and deleting (OR = 1.30) alcohol-related content on SNS. Specifically, the association between anticipated regret and posting was stronger for younger individuals, whereas the relationship between anticipated regret and deleting was stronger for older individuals. A personalized age-specific intervention aimed at alcohol-related anticipated SNS regret may lead to changes in posting and deleting of alcohol-related SNS content, which may have implications for subsequent alcohol use.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41824025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Understanding the Past While Looking to the Future: American Academy of Health Behavior Presidential Note","authors":"A. Nguyen","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48645963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Thompson, Sharice M. Preston, Jenny K. R. Francis, Serena A. Rodriquez, S. Pruitt, J. Blackwell, Jasmin A. Tiro, Midhat Z. Jafry, A. Tzuan, Chen, Michael, S., Businelle, Darla, E., Kendzor, Lorraine R. Reitzel
The American Academy of Health Behavior (AAHB) hosted its 22nd Annual Scientific Meeting at the Baker's Cay Resort in Key Largo, FL March 13-16, 2022. The meeting's theme was "The Science of Health Behaviors in Times of Crises". This publication describes the meeting theme and includes the refereed abstracts presented at the 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting.s presented at the 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting.
{"title":"The American Academy of Health Behavior 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting: \"The Science of Health Behaviors in Times of Crises\"","authors":"E. Thompson, Sharice M. Preston, Jenny K. R. Francis, Serena A. Rodriquez, S. Pruitt, J. Blackwell, Jasmin A. Tiro, Midhat Z. Jafry, A. Tzuan, Chen, Michael, S., Businelle, Darla, E., Kendzor, Lorraine R. Reitzel","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1159","url":null,"abstract":"The American Academy of Health Behavior (AAHB) hosted its 22nd Annual Scientific Meeting at the Baker's Cay Resort in Key Largo, FL March 13-16, 2022. The meeting's theme was \"The Science of Health Behaviors in Times of Crises\". This publication describes the meeting theme and includes the refereed abstracts presented at the 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting.s presented at the 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47964584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda M. Palmer, B. Toll, Georges J. Nahhas, Kayla Haire, Brandon T. Sanford, K. Cummings, A. Rojewski
Hospital-based tobacco treatment programs provide tobacco cessation for a diverse array of admitted patients. Person-centered approaches to classifying subgroups of individuals within large datasets are useful for evaluating the characteristics of the sample. This study categorized patients who received tobacco treatment while hospitalized and determined whether demographics and smoking-related health conditions were associated with group membership. Chart review data was obtained from 4854 patients admitted to a large hospital in South Carolina, USA, from July 2014 through December 2019 who completed a tobacco treatment visit. Smoking characteristics obtained from the visit interview were dichotomized, and then latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to categorize patients based on smoking history and interest in stopping smoking. Finally, logistic regressions were used to evaluate demographics and smoking-related health conditions as predictors of class membership. LCA generated 5 classes of patients, differentiated by heaviness of smoking and motivation to quit. Patients who were black/African American were more likely to be lighter smokers compared to white patients. Hospitalized patients with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and congestive heart failure were more likely to be motivated to quit and also were more likely to be lighter smokers at the time of hospitalization. Hospitalized patients who smoke and receive tobacco treatment are heterogeneous in terms of their smoking histories and motivation to quit. Understanding latent categories of patients provides insight for tailoring interventions and potentially improving tobacco treatment outcomes.
{"title":"Patterns and predictors of smoking by race and medical diagnosis during hospital admission: A latent class analysis","authors":"Amanda M. Palmer, B. Toll, Georges J. Nahhas, Kayla Haire, Brandon T. Sanford, K. Cummings, A. Rojewski","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1129","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital-based tobacco treatment programs provide tobacco cessation for a diverse array of admitted patients. Person-centered approaches to classifying subgroups of individuals within large datasets are useful for evaluating the characteristics of the sample. This study categorized patients who received tobacco treatment while hospitalized and determined whether demographics and smoking-related health conditions were associated with group membership. Chart review data was obtained from 4854 patients admitted to a large hospital in South Carolina, USA, from July 2014 through December 2019 who completed a tobacco treatment visit. Smoking characteristics obtained from the visit interview were dichotomized, and then latent class analysis (LCA) was conducted to categorize patients based on smoking history and interest in stopping smoking. Finally, logistic regressions were used to evaluate demographics and smoking-related health conditions as predictors of class membership. LCA generated 5 classes of patients, differentiated by heaviness of smoking and motivation to quit. Patients who were black/African American were more likely to be lighter smokers compared to white patients. Hospitalized patients with a history of hypertension, diabetes, and congestive heart failure were more likely to be motivated to quit and also were more likely to be lighter smokers at the time of hospitalization. Hospitalized patients who smoke and receive tobacco treatment are heterogeneous in terms of their smoking histories and motivation to quit. Understanding latent categories of patients provides insight for tailoring interventions and potentially improving tobacco treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41938757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher Owens, S. Middlestadt, S. Dickinson, Kristina Hunter-Mullis, J. Macy
Understanding the beliefs about staying home is essential to inform stay-at-home policies to mitigate COVID-19 and future epidemics. This study (1) identified the salient advantages, disadvantages, and facilitating beliefs about staying home, and (2) examined the relationship between these beliefs and intention. U.S. adults from a nationally representative probability-based household panel completed an online reasoned action approach belief elicitation from April 10-20, 2020, about one month after stay-athome guidelines were implemented. First, we conducted an inductive content analysis to reveal salient beliefs about staying home. We identified eight advantages, 12 disadvantages, and 12 facilitators that broadly spanned across health domains: individual, population, interpersonal, occupational, financial, and leisure health. Then, we conducted three regression analyses, one for each of the three sets of beliefs, predicting intention to stay home for the next month from worker status and belief mentioned. In these regression analyses, four advantages, four disadvantages, and four facilitators made independent contributions to explaining intention. The breadth of the elicited beliefs suggests that COVID-19 is perceived to have impacted many dimensions of our lives, and that interventions need to be just as broad. Communication and educational interventions could help people understand the benefits of staying home to themselves, to their families, and to the wider community. Programs that keep essential supplies available could help people stay home. Structural interventions with financial safety nets and policies that help people stay employed during an epidemic might address people’s concerns about the impact of staying home on their financial and occupational health.
{"title":"Beliefs about Staying Home: Findings from a Nationally Representative Probability Sample of U.S. Adults in the Early Days of the COVID-19 Epidemic","authors":"Christopher Owens, S. Middlestadt, S. Dickinson, Kristina Hunter-Mullis, J. Macy","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1118","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the beliefs about staying home is essential to inform stay-at-home policies to mitigate COVID-19 and future epidemics. This study (1) identified the salient advantages, disadvantages, and facilitating beliefs about staying home, and (2) examined the relationship between these beliefs and intention. U.S. adults from a nationally representative probability-based household panel completed an online reasoned action approach belief elicitation from April 10-20, 2020, about one month after stay-athome guidelines were implemented. First, we conducted an inductive content analysis to reveal salient beliefs about staying home. We identified eight advantages, 12 disadvantages, and 12 facilitators that broadly spanned across health domains: individual, population, interpersonal, occupational, financial, and leisure health. Then, we conducted three regression analyses, one for each of the three sets of beliefs, predicting intention to stay home for the next month from worker status and belief mentioned. In these regression analyses, four advantages, four disadvantages, and four facilitators made independent contributions to explaining intention. The breadth of the elicited beliefs suggests that COVID-19 is perceived to have impacted many dimensions of our lives, and that interventions need to be just as broad. Communication and educational interventions could help people understand the benefits of staying home to themselves, to their families, and to the wider community. Programs that keep essential supplies available could help people stay home. Structural interventions with financial safety nets and policies that help people stay employed during an epidemic might address people’s concerns about the impact of staying home on their financial and occupational health.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49135648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. LoParco, Zheng-ta Zhou, D. Litt, Melissa A. Lewis
This study examined three-way interactions between baseline levels of willingness to engage in alcoholrelated sexual behaviors, facets of impulsivity (i.e., urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking) and biological sex on alcohol-related sexual behaviors 6 months later. Participants were a sample of highrisk 18–25 year olds (N = 321, mean age 22.44) from a larger randomized controlled trial with eligibility criteria including engaging in unprotected sexual behavior after drinking alcohol within the past month at baseline. Results indicated females reporting high urgency and willingness levels were the most likely to engage in alcohol-related sex and to use a condom/dental dam after drinking. Males reporting low urgency levels and high sensation seeking and willingness levels engaged in more alcohol-related sex compared to females. Interventions to decrease alcohol-related sexual behavior by reducing willingness could incorporate sex-specific and impulsivity-related content, particularly related to urgency.
{"title":"Do impulsivity and biological sex moderate associations between alcohol-related sexual willingness and behavior among young adults?","authors":"C. LoParco, Zheng-ta Zhou, D. Litt, Melissa A. Lewis","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1122","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined three-way interactions between baseline levels of willingness to engage in alcoholrelated sexual behaviors, facets of impulsivity (i.e., urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking) and biological sex on alcohol-related sexual behaviors 6 months later. Participants were a sample of highrisk 18–25 year olds (N = 321, mean age 22.44) from a larger randomized controlled trial with eligibility criteria including engaging in unprotected sexual behavior after drinking alcohol within the past month at baseline. Results indicated females reporting high urgency and willingness levels were the most likely to engage in alcohol-related sex and to use a condom/dental dam after drinking. Males reporting low urgency levels and high sensation seeking and willingness levels engaged in more alcohol-related sex compared to females. Interventions to decrease alcohol-related sexual behavior by reducing willingness could incorporate sex-specific and impulsivity-related content, particularly related to urgency.","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47809860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01Epub Date: 2022-08-12DOI: 10.4148/2572-1836.1140
E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Rebecca A Vidourek, Keith A King, Ashley L Merianos
Children who are socioeconomically disadvantaged face a myriad of environmental hardships in the neighborhoods in which they live. This study examined the associations between home tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and neighborhood support, neighborhood safety, and school safety among U.S. school-aged children. Children ages 6-11 years were included in this secondary analysis of 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health data (N = 17,300). Children's home TSE status was categorized into three levels: (1) no TSE: Child did not live with a smoker; (2) Outside TSE only: Child lived with a smoker who did not smoke inside the home; and (3) Inside TSE: Child lived with a smoker who smoked inside the home. Parent-reported measures of perceived neighborhood support, and neighborhood and school safety were examined; covariates included the child's age, sex, and race/ethnicity; the parent's education; the family's household structure, and federal poverty level. Weighted logistic and ordinal regression models were built adjusting for the covariates. In total, 13.2% of children had outside TSE and 1.7% of children had inside TSE. Multivariable logistic regression model results indicated that children with outside TSE were at decreased odds (AOR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.65-0.96) of living in a supportive neighborhood compared to children with no TSE. Ordinal regression model results indicated that children with outside TSE (AOR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.61-0.97) and children with inside TSE were at decreased odds (AOR = 0.62, 95%CI = 0.39-0.99) of going to a school that was perceived as safe. Community-level programs, policies, and funding are needed to improve neighborhood characteristics among children with TSE to improve their future health outcomes.
{"title":"Home Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Neighborhood Support and Safety among U.S. School-aged Children.","authors":"E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens, Rebecca A Vidourek, Keith A King, Ashley L Merianos","doi":"10.4148/2572-1836.1140","DOIUrl":"10.4148/2572-1836.1140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children who are socioeconomically disadvantaged face a myriad of environmental hardships in the neighborhoods in which they live. This study examined the associations between home tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and neighborhood support, neighborhood safety, and school safety among U.S. school-aged children. Children ages 6-11 years were included in this secondary analysis of 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health data (N = 17,300). Children's home TSE status was categorized into three levels: (1) no TSE: Child did not live with a smoker; (2) Outside TSE only: Child lived with a smoker who did not smoke inside the home; and (3) Inside TSE: Child lived with a smoker who smoked inside the home. Parent-reported measures of perceived neighborhood support, and neighborhood and school safety were examined; covariates included the child's age, sex, and race/ethnicity; the parent's education; the family's household structure, and federal poverty level. Weighted logistic and ordinal regression models were built adjusting for the covariates. In total, 13.2% of children had outside TSE and 1.7% of children had inside TSE. Multivariable logistic regression model results indicated that children with outside TSE were at decreased odds (AOR = 0.79, 95%CI = 0.65-0.96) of living in a supportive neighborhood compared to children with no TSE. Ordinal regression model results indicated that children with outside TSE (AOR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.61-0.97) and children with inside TSE were at decreased odds (AOR = 0.62, 95%CI = 0.39-0.99) of going to a school that was perceived as safe. Community-level programs, policies, and funding are needed to improve neighborhood characteristics among children with TSE to improve their future health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73205,"journal":{"name":"Health behavior research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10722861/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47671980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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