IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Water, sanitation, and hygiene–specific risk factors of recent diarrheal episodes in children aged under 5 years: analysis of secondary data from the multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS 2019)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene, collectively called WASH, is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of public health. However, inadequate WASH practices and environments significantly contribute to the global burden of diarrheal diseases, particularly, in children aged under 5 years. Inadequate WASH conditions are the primary drivers of various infectious diseases, including cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, and polio.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted secondary data analysis using the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey to investigate the specific WASH risk factors associated with recent diarrheal episodes in children aged under 5 years.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 853 (14%) of 6092 children were reported to have experienced an episode of diarrhea in the last 2 weeks preceding the survey. Having insufficient water in the household was associated with 17.0% diarrhea episodes compared with 13.6% in those who did not face this problem. The availability of soap or detergents to wash hands was associated with a risk of diarrhea, with an odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of 1.19 (1.01-1.40), <em>P</em> = 0.033. The use of surface water, including rivers, dams, lakes, ponds, streams, canals, and irrigation channels, was associated with differences in diarrheal episodes, although this was of borderline significance, <em>P</em> = 0.082. Of the children who had a recent episode of diarrhea, 41.0% had their parents or caregivers seeking medical attention.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is need for an improvement in safe water supply to households and an improvement in health education on the importance of using soap after using the toilet to avoid contamination of food and water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000882/pdfft?md5=521d0f27a78fd089c932c7b490b3d28f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000882-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142148428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in continuity of treatment among children and adolescents living with HIV in 14 districts in South Africa from 2018-2023: A retrospective program analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>UNAIDS estimates 152,984 children under 15 years living with HIV (C/ALHIV) by 2022 in South Africa. Monitoring the continuity of antiretroviral treatment remains challenging without electronic health records. We explored treatment cohort growth and interruption trends in 14-USAID-PEPFAR-supported districts.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We reviewed data from 2018 to 2023. We triangulated this data with NAOMI HIV estimates. We used Tableau version 2023.2 for analysis to understand heterogeneity in outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>HIV incidence halved from 4.3 per 1000 in 2017 to 2.5 per 1000 in 2022. HIV testing doubled: 188,371 in FY19Q1 to 399,708 in FY23Q4 while testing positivity declined from 3.3% to 0.7%. Linkage to treatment increased from 67% to 102%, viral suppression increased from 79% to 84%. C/ALHIV treatment cohort started at 82,897 in FY19Q1 and increased to 105,107 in FY20Q2. Subsequently, the cohort decreased to 79,288 in FY23Q4 despite 42,498 initiations and 62,256 returns.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The C/ALHIV treatment and viral suppression increased substantially commensurate with expected trends. Subsequent cohort decline was aligned to vertical transmission reduction, HIV incidence decline, and expected aging. We highlight the inadequacy of the information systems to quantify losses. We underscore a need for resources to enhance program monitoring and interventions to address this gap.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624001061/pdfft?md5=f43e26f192eb4e24740cde31b8f07b19&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624001061-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty-five years of Nipah outbreaks in Southeast Asia: A persistent threat to global health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Nipah virus (NiV), a bat-borne zoonotic pathogen, poses persistent threats to global public health due to severe clinical manifestation and high case fatality rate (CFR). A critical examination of NiV outbreaks is essential for refining strategies and mitigating the impact of future infections. In this study, we provide a concise update on global NiV outbreaks that occurred during the past 25 years.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this geospatial study, we conducted an in-depth examination of the epidemiological characteristics of human NiV cases and deaths from 1998 to 2024 through multiple analyses of public data and official reports.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>NiV emerged in 1998 in Malaysia during an outbreak among pig farmers. Since then, NiV outbreaks have been documented in five countries of South and Southeast Asia (Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, Philippines, and Singapore). As of May 2024, there have been 754 confirmed human NiV cases with 435 deaths (CFR: 58%) reported in these five countries. Bangladesh records the highest incidence (341 cases and 241 deaths; CFR: 71%) followed by Malaysia (283 cases and 109 deaths; CFR: 39%), India (102 cases and 74 deaths; CFR: 73%), the Philippines (17 cases and nine deaths; CFR: 53%), and Singapore (11 cases and one death; CFR: 9%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The clinical outcomes of NiV have been underscoring constant global public health threats as no effective therapies and vaccines are available. Strong global understandings, with an eye on developing vaccines and therapeutics, are required to minimize clinical outcomes and future threats of NiV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277270762400105X/pdfft?md5=5778b0296fc94185e2f4e8972be21f43&pid=1-s2.0-S277270762400105X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin mycosis distribution, and burden of visits over a decade in Colombia: ecological study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To describe the sociodemographic distribution of dermatomycosis and the visits burden over a 10-year period of care.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An ecological study was conducted using data on visits and people treated in the Colombian Health System during 2010-2019 using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes (ICD-10). Departments and geopolitical regions were the units of analysis, and visit burden was reported as frequency, intensity (visits per person), and rate of dermatomycosis visits (per 10,000 visits; 95% confidence interval).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 4,570,593 visits were analyzed. The most used ICD-10 codes were B369 (superficial mycosis, unspecified), B360 (pityriasis versicolor), B354 (Tinea corporis), B359 (dermatophytosis), and B351 (Tinea unguium) (56.5%), with visits primarily involving the adult population (27-59 years; 32.2%), women (43.4%), and urban populations (57.3%). Amazonas department had the highest rate of visits (2.36 per 10,000), while Nariño had the highest intensity of visits (1.94 visits per person). Caribbean region had the highest rate of visits (17.0 per 10,000 visits; 17.0-17.0), followed by the Amazon region (16.3 per 10,000 visits; 16.2-16.4).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The annual visits burden of dermatomycosis in Colombia is high and concentrated in susceptible geographic areas, possibly due to socio-environmental factors. This health problem is overshadowed by chronic diseases and trauma but is often recurrent, and chronic, and induces out-of-pocket costs for treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624001036/pdfft?md5=7f83fc26cc36d0be0e0a238d5f1b5ea2&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624001036-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving population is a challenge for malaria elimination in India: A cross-sectional study to assess malaria parasite infections in walking pilgrims in western Rajasthan, India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>India is vigorously pursuing malaria elimination by 2030 and one of the key challenges is how to prevent the malaria risk associated with long-distance migrations of populations from endemic to non-endemic areas. Millions of pilgrims walking to the holy Ramdevra temple stay in temporary shelters along the route in district of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan state in western India. The main pilgrimage period coincides with the post-monsoon period with elevated vector densities. We investigated this situation to assess the potential risk posed by migrant pilgrims along the four highways in the temple district in disseminating malaria infections associated with their annual movements.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted for screening malaria in walking pilgrims from neighboring states at selected sites and a follow-up study for screening residents in Rajasthan from 2021 to 2023. The study comprises state entry routes, Ramdevra shrine, and pilgrimage route villages situated in western Rajasthan. Epidemiologic and entomologic surveillance was conducted during the “fair” period (August-September) and in pilgrimage route villages in three different seasons of the year to assess malaria in humans and the vector's infectivity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 5251 individuals tested for malaria, a total of 76 (1.4%) tested positive for malaria, of whom 40.7% were infected with <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> (n = 31), 36.8% with <em>P. falciparum</em> (n = 28), and 22.3% with <em>P. vivax</em> and <em>P. falciparum</em> (n = 17). Anopheles density was highest during the fair season, peaking in August. <em>An. stephensi</em> exhibited a higher human blood index (0.65) than <em>An. culicifacies</em> (0.50). No mosquitoes were found positive for parasites.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Up to 1.5% of pilgrims carried malaria parasites, posing a risk of spreading malaria to surrounding communities that otherwise would have low or no malaria burden. Moving populations pose the risk of local malaria transmission and reintroduction to the areas undergoing elimination. Sentinel point surveillance at the border of states will be helpful for states to share information on malaria and subsequently for the prevention of malaria transmission.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000894/pdfft?md5=4870d87ed2e311d28b85c7d587aa38e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000894-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of risk prediction scores for adults hospitalized with COVID-19 in a highly-vaccinated population, Aotearoa New Zealand 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>COVID-19 severity prediction scores need further validation due to evolving COVID-19 illness. We evaluated existing COVID-19 risk prediction scores in Aotearoa New Zealand, including for Māori and Pacific peoples who have been inequitably affected by COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study in adults hospitalized with COVID-19 from January to May 2022, including all Māori and Pacific patients, and every second non-Māori, non-Pacific (NMNP) patient to achieve equal analytic power by ethnic grouping. We assessed the accuracy of existing severity scores (4C Mortality, CURB-65, PRIEST, and VACO) to predict death in the hospital or within 28 days.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 2319 patients, 582 (25.1%) identified as Māori, 914 (39.4%) as Pacific, and 862 (37.2%) as NMNP. There were 146 (6.3%, 95% confidence interval 5.4-7.4%) deaths, with a predicted probability of death higher than observed mortality for VACO (10.4%), modified PRIEST (15.1%) and 4C mortality (15.5%) scores, but lower for CURB-65 (4.5%). C-statistics (95% CI) of severity scores were: 4C mortality: Māori 0.82 (0.75, 0.88), Pacific 0.87 (0.83, 0.90), NMNP 0.90 (0.86, 0.93); CURB-65: Māori 0.83 (0.69, 0.92), Pacific 0.87 (0.82, 0.91), NMNP 0.86 (0.80, 0.91); modified PRIEST: Māori 0.85 (0.79, 0.90), Pacific 0.81 (0.76, 0.86), NMNP 0.83 (0.78, 0.87); and VACO: Māori 0.79 (0.75, 0.83), Pacific 0.71 (0.58, 0.82), NMNP 0.78 (0.73, 0.83).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Following re-calibration, existing risk prediction scores accurately predicted mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277270762400095X/pdfft?md5=12b91021951bfed895a69fd6d281af9c&pid=1-s2.0-S277270762400095X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of comorbidities on COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized women: Insights from the metropolitan area of the Valley of Mexico from 2020 to 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This research summarizes the impact of the major comorbidities impacting hospitalized women with COVID-19 and their relation to death.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Public data from national databases (2020-2022) for hospitalized women, including identification data, hospitalization time, comorbidities, and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, were analyzed. Women were stratified by age (split at 50 years). Binary regression models determined the correlation between comorbidities and COVID-19 with mortality, expressed as odds ratios.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 46,492 women were hospitalized, with 70.1% aged above 50 years. A total of 17,728 fatalities occurred, with 86.5% in the older age group. A total of 5.82% women required intensive care. The common comorbidities were pneumonia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and intubation. A total of 56.6% died within the 1^st week; in the ICU, 65.7% died by week 2. In the logistic regression, diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were initially significant, followed by pneumonia and CKD (days 8-14), intubation and, ICU stay (beyond the 15^th day). In the ICU, intubation impact worsened over time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our study highlights the significant impact of comorbidities on COVID-19 mortality in women in the Valley of Mexico. Pneumonia, diabetes, CKD, and intubation were notably prevalent and correlated strongly with death in older women. Timely intubation improves survival, whereas delayed intubation increases mortality risk, particularly, in the ICU. Urgent targeted interventions are required, especially for older hospitalized women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000912/pdfft?md5=d4b843c69685ac5065c7a7caecf0f6d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000912-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in people living with HIV in South Sudan","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in South Sudan is unknown.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a cross-sectional seroprevalence survey of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies and other diseases of public health importance (strongyloidiasis, toxoplasmosis) in PLHIV in South Sudan during April 1, 2020-April 30, 2022. We used a multiplex SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay to detect IgG antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike, receptor binding domain, and nucelocapsid (N) proteins, and antigens for other pathogens (<em>Strongyloides stercoralis and Toxoplasma gondii</em>).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 3518 samples tested, seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and receptor binding domain 591 and nucleocapsid ranged from 1.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9-2.1%) in April-June 2020 to 53.3% (95% CI: 49.5-57.1%) in January-March 2022. The prevalence of <em>S. stercoralis</em> IgG ranged between 27.3% (95% CI: 23.4-31.5%) in October-December 2021 and 47.2% (95% CI: 37.8-56.8%) in July-September 2021, and, for <em>T. gondii</em> IgG, prevalence ranged from 15.5% (95% CI: 13.3-17.9%) in April-June 2020 to 36.2% (95% CI: 27.4-46.2%) July-September 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>By early 2022, PLHIV in South Sudan had high rates of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Surveillance of diseases of global health concern in PLHIV is crucial to estimate population-level exposure and inform public health responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000924/pdfft?md5=9b38da771e7d742103b48486fe7132bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000924-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A serosurvey examining exposure to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and tick-borne encephalitis virus in Danish blood donors, August 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato</em> (Bbsl) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) are tick-borne pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of these pathogens in Danish blood donors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 1000 plasma samples equally distributed (n = 200) from all five Danish regions were analyzed. Commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to screen the samples for immunoglobulin G antibodies against Bbsl and TBEV. The samples positive for antibodies against TBEV were further examined with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a Luminex-based TBEV suspension multiplex immunoassay for specific antibodies against non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antigen suggestive of previous infection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 62 samples tested positive for immunoglobulin G antibodies against Bbsl. A total of 40 samples were positive or borderline for antibodies against TBEV, indicating potential infection or vaccination. Of these, one had antibodies against NS1, indicating past infection. The seroprevalence of Bbsl was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.8-7.8), with equal seroprevalence in all five regions. The seroprevalence of TBEV was 0.1% (95% confidence interval 0.01-0.62%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The seroprevalence of Bbsl was similar throughout the country and corresponds well with previous studies. The seroprevalence of TBEV NS1 was low, which is in line with a low number of reported tick-borne encephalitis cases in Denmark. The NS1 positive sample was from the Capital Region, an endemic TBEV area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000857/pdfft?md5=4ac4c9ac777cde266c584215c48752cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000857-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of rapid diagnostic test, light microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction in pregnant women with asymptomatic malaria in Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer an attractive tool for diagnosing malaria in pregnancy. This study assessed the effectiveness of a <em>Plasmodium falciparum–</em>specific RDT compared with microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosing asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women in southwest Nigeria.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study included 406 asymptomatic pregnant women seeking antenatal care. Blood samples were collected and tested using RDT (SD Bioline, Standard Diagnostics Inc. Korea) and light microscopy and confirmed using nested PCR.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study revealed that the malaria parasite positivity rate was 8.9% by RDT, 21% by microscopy, and 32% by nested PCR. RDT had a sensitivity of 51.4% and specificity of 69.5%, whereas microscopy had a sensitivity of 65.3% and specificity of 98.2%. The combined testing of microscopy and RDT had a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The study also showed a high prevalence of mild anemia among participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite the RDT's low sensitivity, its high negative predictive value suggests it could be useful in combination with microscopy in ruling out asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy. Further study will help identify more suitable RDTs for routine malaria diagnosis in Nigeria and strengthen malaria prevention programs in pregnant women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772707624000870/pdfft?md5=e9f3a3e9e5562a55036a16cbea9967ea&pid=1-s2.0-S2772707624000870-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}