IJID regions最新文献

{"title":"Survival after cardiopulmonary arrest due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis: A case successfully managed using plasma exchange","authors":"Yoshio Nakano,&nbsp;Hiroka Serizawa,&nbsp;Iwao Gohma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis is potentially fatal, even in immunocompetent hosts. This report describes a case involving a 57-year-old woman, who developed fever after a dog bite and initially presented without an evident focus. On the day of admission, she deteriorated to pulseless electrical activity during transport and achieved return of spontaneous circulation after approximately 23 minutes of resuscitation. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials (meropenem) were initiated for septic shock, and Capnocytophaga canimorsus subsequently grew in both the pre-admission and admission blood cultures. Peripheral discoloration suggested purpura fulminans. A precipitous decline in platelet count, schistocytosis, elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, and acute kidney injury fulfilled the criteria for thrombotic microangiopathy, whereas ADAMTS13 activity was normal. Intensive care consisted of red blood cell and platelet transfusions, continuous hemodiafiltration transitioning to intermittent hemodialysis, mechanical ventilation with tracheostomy, and therapeutic plasma exchange once daily for three sessions. Hematological abnormalities resolved, schistocytes disappeared, organ dysfunction improved, and she was ultimately removed from ventilation and dialysis with full neurological recovery. This report describes survival after cardiopulmonary arrest due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus sepsis and suggests that plasma exchange may be a useful adjunct for secondary thrombotic microangiopathy in this setting. Early diagnosis, prompt antibiotic treatment, and multidisciplinary critical care are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100826"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Togo: first reported cases and implications for tuberculosis control","authors":"Maïssala Zoutené ,&nbsp;Akouvi Mawussé Edjodjinam Ako ,&nbsp;Koffi Atsu Aziagbe ,&nbsp;Narcisse Viani Gateu Tadjom ,&nbsp;Tété Amento Stéphane Adambounou ,&nbsp;Komi Séraphin Adjoh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The increasing burden of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) undermines global TB control efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a case series study conducted from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2024, in the Department of Pulmonology at Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We report a series of three cases. Case 1: A 30-year-old man with a history of contact with an XDR-TB case was treated with a 20-month regimen. Culture conversion was achieved at the 3^rd month of treatment. A complication in the form of pyopneumothorax occurred during the 6^th month of therapy. Case 2: A 51-year-old patient with no significant medical history was diagnosed with XDR-TB after 4 months of treatment for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Conversion of follow-up cultures was achieved 2 months after modification of the treatment regimen. Case 3: A 62-year-old woman living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), previously treated for MDR-TB, developed XDR-TB during the course of treatment. The patient died on the 29th day of XDR-TB treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>XDR-TB is a curable disease. Early and accurate diagnosis allows for better selection of the most appropriate treatment strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis in Guyana: linking key populations and other vulnerable groups","authors":"Alisa Khan ,&nbsp;Tariq Jagnarine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite the introduction of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Guyana as an effective HIV prevention tool, its uptake remains low among key and vulnerable populations, such as men who have sex with men, sex workers, and transgender individuals. This study assessed awareness, uptake, and barriers to PrEP among seronegative individuals in Guyana and proposed strategies to improve accessibility and use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, mixed-method study was conducted among 90 seronegative adults across Regions 3, 4, 6, and 10. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires, whereas qualitative insights were gathered through interviews and focus group discussions. Statistical analyses (chi-square) and thematic coding were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among participants, 59% were aware of PrEP, primarily through media sources (43%), whereas only 18% had ever been offered PrEP by a health care provider. None of the participants were active users. The key barriers identified were limited access (48%), fear of side effects (27%), and inadequate provider engagement. However, 57% expressed willingness to use PrEP and 74% would recommend it to peers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PrEP awareness in Guyana is moderate but constrained by systemic barriers, misinformation, and health care inaccessibility. Strengthening provider training, integrating PrEP into routine services, and community outreach are essential to improve uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement and systematic bias between QuantiFERON chemiluminescent immunoassay and QuantiFERON enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the detection of latent tuberculosis infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Felix Bongomin ,&nbsp;Ivaan Pitua ,&nbsp;Phillip Ssekamatte ,&nbsp;Diana Sitenda ,&nbsp;Irene Andia-Biraro ,&nbsp;Bwambale Jonani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Objectives: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)–based QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus ELISA) testing is associated with manual variability and indeterminate results. The transition from QFT-Plus ELISA to chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus CLIA) testing represents a significant methodological evolution that requires comprehensive evaluation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess method agreement, characterize systematic bias patterns, evaluate clinical concordance between DiaSorin's QFT-Plus CLIA and QIAGEN's (QFT-Plus ELISA) methodologies, and determine sources of heterogeneity across diverse populations for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) detection.</div><div>Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases from January 2019 to January 2025 for studies comparing QFT-Plus CLIA and QFT-Plus ELISA methodologies for LTBI detection. Two reviewers independently screened the studies and assessed their quality using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool. We conducted a meta-analysis of agreement measures using random-effects models, systematic bias characterization, meta-regression analysis of the sources of heterogeneity, and clinical subgroup analysis. Evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251031884).</div><div>Results: A total of 16 studies comprising 4169 participants were included. A meta-analysis of 10 studies (n = 2932) revealed a substantial overall concordance of 88.76% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.57-93.95). Among the seven studies with complete data to calculate positive and negative agreement measures (n = 1305), the pooled positive agreement was 91.3% (95% CI 88.95-93.65) and the negative agreement was 93.89% (95% CI 92.18-95.6). The comparative analysis revealed a mean discordance rate of 6.56% (range: 0.44-16.67%), with a weighted mean directional bias of +0.2% (showing minimal overall directional preference between platforms). Significant heterogeneity was observed (I² = 95.8%, <em>P</em> &lt;0.0001), and evidence certainty was rated “very low” due to methodological limitations.</div><div>Conclusions: Diasorin's QFT-Plus CLIA and QIAGEN's QFT-Plus ELISA demonstrated substantial overall agreement in detecting LTBI, with the strongest concordance for clearly positive and negative results. Laboratories implementing QFT-Plus CLIA platforms should consider verification studies, and future research should evaluate the clinical significance of discordant results and optimize interpretive algorithms for diverse epidemiologic settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmodium vivax elimination from India may need therapeutic efficacy studies - Informed shift to artemisinin-based treatment","authors":"Meghavi Kathpalia ,&nbsp;Loick P. Kojom Foko ,&nbsp;Pragya Rawat ,&nbsp;Rini Chaturvedi ,&nbsp;Manju Rahi ,&nbsp;Amit Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100822","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100822","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>India has significantly reduced its <em>Plasmodium vivax</em> (<em>P. vivax, Pv</em>) malaria burden. However, threat of chloroquine (CQ) resistance can undermine these gains. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) have demonstrated superior efficacy compared to CQ, particularly in regions where resistance <em>Pv</em> has been confirmed. Their benefits include rapid parasite clearance, improved tolerability, effectiveness against mixed-species infections, and reduced relapse rates when combined with primaquine (PQ). While the World Health Organization recommends changing the first-line treatment if the total failure rate exceeds 10%, some countries have acted earlier based on surveillance of putative drug resistance molecular markers. In India, therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) coverage can be expanded is sparse along with molecular data to track early warning tools of <em>Pv</em> resistance. This review synthesizes clinical, molecular, and pharmacological evidence supporting a shift from CQ to ACTs for <em>P. vivax</em>. We argue that India may prioritize TES expansion and adopt an ACT-based regimen to sustain its elimination momentum and prevent therapeutic failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The urgent need for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus surveillance in Somalia","authors":"Kassim Abdi Jimale,&nbsp;Shafie Abdulkadir Hassan,&nbsp;Abdifetah Ibrahim Omar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100806","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100806","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of dengue virus among febrile patients in urban setting of Bamako, Mali","authors":"Yacouba Cissoko ,&nbsp;Mountaga Diallo ,&nbsp;Hermine Meli ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Mberkadji Dingamwal ,&nbsp;Ibrehima Guindo ,&nbsp;Fousseyni Kané ,&nbsp;Dramane Ouedraogo ,&nbsp;Bakary Monzon Diarra ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Cisse ,&nbsp;Daouda Thiero ,&nbsp;Bréhima Togola ,&nbsp;Demba Koita ,&nbsp;Oumar Magassouba ,&nbsp;Dramane Sogoba ,&nbsp;Mariam Soumaré ,&nbsp;Assetou Fofana ,&nbsp;Issa Konate ,&nbsp;Seydou Doumbia ,&nbsp;Sounkalo Dao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to determine the prevalence of dengue among febrile patients in Bamako and explore its seasonal and demographic variations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted cross-sectional surveys in July 2021 and February 2022 among febrile patients seeking care at four community health centers in Bamako. Febrile patients were enrolled, and blood samples were tested for dengue using rapid diagnostic tests and polymerase chain reaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 325 patients were enrolled (175 in July and 150 in February). The overall prevalence of dengue in communes V and VI of Bamako was 16.9%. Females were more represented (66.2%). The median age of the participants was 20 years (interquartile range: 8-30). Adult age (≥18 years) was the only factor significantly associated with an increased risk of dengue infection (odds ratio = 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-9.4).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of dengue (16.9%) in communes V and VI suggests that dengue is endemic in Bamako, with a predominance among young adults and females. Adult age was identified as the only significant factor associated with increased risk. Further studies are needed for more insight into the dynamics of dengue transmission and to guide public health actions, particularly those targeting the adult population, to reduce dengue transmission in Bamako.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-genome characterization of prevalent dengue virus serotype-1 in 2023 dengue outbreak of Xishuangbanna, a border area of Laos, Myanmar, and China","authors":"Chenqian Peng ,&nbsp;Tingting Li ,&nbsp;Dehong Ma ,&nbsp;Fen Zeng ,&nbsp;Kaiyun Ding ,&nbsp;Ziying Wu ,&nbsp;Linhong Li ,&nbsp;Yue Pan ,&nbsp;Junying Chen ,&nbsp;Yingcheng Guo ,&nbsp;Qiangming Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>From June to November 2023, a severe dengue fever outbreak occurred in Xishuangbanna, China, a border area with Myanmar and Laos. This study aimed to identify the pathogen responsible for this outbreak and analyze the genomic characteristics of epidemic strains, providing reference data for dengue prevention and control.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Serum samples from dengue virus (DENV) NS1-positive patients (July-October 2023) were collected. RNA extraction, serotyping via probe quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and whole-genome amplification using 18 primer pairs followed by sequencing were performed. Base and amino acid mutations were analyzed using DNAMAN. Phylogenetic trees (maximum likelihood for the whole genome and neighbor-joining for the E protein) were constructed using MEGA11. Protein secondary structures were compared via online tools provided by PRABI Lyon-Gerland.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1465 samples, 833 were DENV-1 positive, with no other dengue serotype or flavivirus co-infection. Genomic analysis of 10 isolates showed high similarity to the 2023 Guangdong strain (PP540291). Non-structural proteins had higher base mutation rates than structural ones, with NS2 showing the highest (10.92%). Many unique 2013 Yunnan strain mutations were preserved. Phylogenetic trees clustered the epidemic strains with Guangdong and Southeast Asian isolates. NS1 RNA-binding sites remained stable.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides valuable insights for dengue control in the China-Myanmar-Laos border areas, as well as for viral pathogenesis research and vaccine development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spa gene diversity in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Assessing the limits of polymerase chain reaction-based typing","authors":"Nawfal R. Hussein ,&nbsp;Halder J. Abozait","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100728","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100728"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of comorbidity among people living with HIV/AIDS in Guyana: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Nneoma Harris ,&nbsp;Ishaku Zechariah ,&nbsp;Tariq Jagnarine","doi":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijregi.2025.100820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Comorbidities among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) are increasing as life expectancy improves with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Understanding the prevalence and associated factors of these conditions in Guyana is essential for improving clinical outcomes. To evaluate the prevalence of comorbidities among PLHA in Guyana and to identify the most prevalent comorbidities and associated risk factors from January 2017 to December 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 1066 patients across 10 HIV care and treatment centers in regions 3, 4, and 10. Data were collected using a standardized tool, coded according to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th revision, and analyzed using SPSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 57.2% had at least one comorbid condition, with hypertension (29.5%), obesity (12.8%), and diabetes mellitus type II (7.4%) being the most prevalent. Significant factors associated with comorbidity included age (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), ethnicity (<em>P</em> = 0.047), same-sex relations (<em>P</em> = 0.027), ART use (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and adherence level (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Comorbidities are common among PLHA in Guyana and have important implications for HIV management. Recommendation: Implementation of routine screening and management protocols for common comorbidities in PLHA is crucial for improving patient care in Guyana.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73335,"journal":{"name":"IJID regions","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100820"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}