Fiorella Turri, Andrew Jones, Lauriane Constanty, Setareh Ranjbar, Konstantin Drexl, Giorgia Miano, Caroline Lepage, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Sébastien Urben
Objective
This study aimed to better understand the temporal interrelationships among self-control, response inhibition, and anger (i.e., momentary state and rumination) on both the within- and between-person levels in male adolescents.
Method
We applied temporal network analyses among 62 male adolescents with a wide range of behavioral difficulties. Self-control, momentary anger, and anger rumination were mapped by self-report measures, whereas we measured response inhibition through an ambulatory Go/No-go task (two measures a day—morning and afternoon—over a 9-day period).
Results
Temporal network analysis, at the within-person level, revealed that morning measures of response inhibition, anger rumination, and self-control were related to the corresponding measure in the afternoon. More efficient response inhibition in the morning was associated with higher self-control in the afternoon. Higher anger rumination in the morning led to higher momentary anger in the afternoon. In a concurrent within-person network, higher momentary anger was reciprocally associated with lower self-control. At the between-person level, higher momentary anger was correlated to higher anger rumination, lower response inhibition, and lower self-control.
Discussion
This study provides insight into the dynamic interactions among self-control, response inhibition, and anger (momentary state and rumination) in male adolescents, advancing the understanding of self-regulatory control functioning.
{"title":"Self-regulatory control processes in youths: A temporal network analysis approach","authors":"Fiorella Turri, Andrew Jones, Lauriane Constanty, Setareh Ranjbar, Konstantin Drexl, Giorgia Miano, Caroline Lepage, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, Sébastien Urben","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12200","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to better understand the temporal interrelationships among self-control, response inhibition, and anger (i.e., momentary state and rumination) on both the within- and between-person levels in male adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We applied temporal network analyses among 62 male adolescents with a wide range of behavioral difficulties. Self-control, momentary anger, and anger rumination were mapped by self-report measures, whereas we measured response inhibition through an ambulatory Go/No-go task (two measures a day—morning and afternoon—over a 9-day period).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temporal network analysis, at the within-person level, revealed that morning measures of response inhibition, anger rumination, and self-control were related to the corresponding measure in the afternoon. More efficient response inhibition in the morning was associated with higher self-control in the afternoon. Higher anger rumination in the morning led to higher momentary anger in the afternoon. In a concurrent within-person network, higher momentary anger was reciprocally associated with lower self-control. At the between-person level, higher momentary anger was correlated to higher anger rumination, lower response inhibition, and lower self-control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides insight into the dynamic interactions among self-control, response inhibition, and anger (momentary state and rumination) in male adolescents, advancing the understanding of self-regulatory control functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136280466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shuting Zheng, Maxwell Mansolf, Monica McGrath, Marie L. Churchill, Traci A. Bekelman, Patricia A. Brennan, Amy E. Margolis, Sara S. Nozadi, Theresa M. Bastain, Amy J. Elliott, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Julie A. Hofheimer, Leslie D. Leve, Brandon Rennie, Emily Zimmerman, Carmen A. Marable, Cindy T. McEvoy, Chang Liu, Alexis Sullivan, Tracey J. Woodruff, Samiran Ghosh, Bennett Leventhal, Assiamira Ferrara, Johnnye Lewis, Somer Bishop, Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
Background
Research and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver-report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5 (CBCL/1.5-5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology. While studies have shown that demographic variables influence caregiver ratings of behavior problems, the extent to which the CBCL/1.5-5 functions equivalently at the item level across diverse samples is unknown.
Methods
Item-level data of CBCL/1.5-5 from a large sample of young children (N = 9087) were drawn from 26 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program. Factor analyses and the alignment method were applied to examine measurement invariance (MI) and differential item functioning (DIF) across child (age, sex, bilingual status, and neurodevelopmental disorders), and caregiver (sex, education level, household income level, depression, and language version administered) characteristics. Child race was examined in sensitivity analyses.
Results
Items with the most impactful DIF across child and caregiver groupings were identified for Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems. The robust item sets, excluding the high DIF items, showed good reliability and high correlation with the original Internalizing and Total Problems scales, with lower reliability for Externalizing. Language version of CBCL administration, education level and sex of the caregiver respondent showed the most significant impact on MI, followed by child age. Sensitivity analyses revealed that child race has a unique impact on DIF over and above socioeconomic status.
Conclusions
The CBCL/1.5-5, a caregiver-report measure of early childhood behavior problems, showed bias across demographic groups. Robust item sets with less DIF can measure Internalizing and Total Problems equally as well as the full item sets, with slightly lower reliability for Externalizing, and can be crosswalked to the metric of the full item set, enabling calculation of normed T scores based on more robust item sets.
{"title":"Measurement bias in caregiver-report of early childhood behavior problems across demographic factors in an ECHO-wide diverse sample","authors":"Shuting Zheng, Maxwell Mansolf, Monica McGrath, Marie L. Churchill, Traci A. Bekelman, Patricia A. Brennan, Amy E. Margolis, Sara S. Nozadi, Theresa M. Bastain, Amy J. Elliott, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Julie A. Hofheimer, Leslie D. Leve, Brandon Rennie, Emily Zimmerman, Carmen A. Marable, Cindy T. McEvoy, Chang Liu, Alexis Sullivan, Tracey J. Woodruff, Samiran Ghosh, Bennett Leventhal, Assiamira Ferrara, Johnnye Lewis, Somer Bishop, Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12198","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12198","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research and clinical practice rely heavily on caregiver-report measures, such as the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5–5 (CBCL/1.5-5), to gather information about early childhood behavior problems and to screen for child psychopathology. While studies have shown that demographic variables influence caregiver ratings of behavior problems, the extent to which the CBCL/1.5-5 functions equivalently at the item level across diverse samples is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Item-level data of CBCL/1.5-5 from a large sample of young children (<i>N</i> = 9087) were drawn from 26 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program. Factor analyses and the alignment method were applied to examine measurement invariance (MI) and differential item functioning (DIF) across child (age, sex, bilingual status, and neurodevelopmental disorders), and caregiver (sex, education level, household income level, depression, and language version administered) characteristics. Child race was examined in sensitivity analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Items with the most impactful DIF across child and caregiver groupings were identified for Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problems. The robust item sets, excluding the high DIF items, showed good reliability and high correlation with the original Internalizing and Total Problems scales, with lower reliability for Externalizing. Language version of CBCL administration, education level and sex of the caregiver respondent showed the most significant impact on MI, followed by child age. Sensitivity analyses revealed that child race has a unique impact on DIF over and above socioeconomic status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CBCL/1.5-5, a caregiver-report measure of early childhood behavior problems, showed bias across demographic groups. Robust item sets with less DIF can measure Internalizing and Total Problems equally as well as the full item sets, with slightly lower reliability for Externalizing, and can be crosswalked to the metric of the full item set, enabling calculation of normed T scores based on more robust item sets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12198","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136264194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tine Schuppli Hjerresen, Mette Bentz, Ayna Baladi Nejad, Estelle Raffin, Kasper Winther Andersen, Oliver James Hulme, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Kerstin Jessica Plessen
Background
Despite advances in the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN), a large subgroup of individuals does not profit optimally from treatment. Perfectionism has been found to be a risk factor predicting the onset, severity, and duration of AN episodes. To date, perfectionism has been studied predominantly by the use of self-report questionnaires, a useful approach that may, however, be impacted by demand characteristics, or other distortions of introspective or metacognitive access.
Methods
Here we circumvent these problems via a behavioral paradigm in which participants perform a modified Go/NoGo task, whilst self-evaluating their performance. We compared a group of 33 adolescent females during their first episode of AN (age = 16.0) with 29 female controls (age = 16.2), and 23 adolescent girls recovered from AN (age = 18.3) with 23 female controls (age = 18.5). The controls were closely matched by intelligence quotient and age to the two clinical groups.
Results
First-episode AN and control participants performed equally well on the task (reaction time and errors of commission), whereas the recovered group displayed significantly faster reaction times but incurred the same error rate. Despite performing at least as good as and predominantly better than control groups, both clinical groups evaluated their performances more negatively than controls.
Conclusion
We offer a novel behavioral method for measuring perfectionism independent of self-report, and we provide tentative evidence that this behavioral manifestation of perfectionism is evident during first-episode AN and persists even after recovery.
{"title":"Performing well but not appreciating it – A trait feature of anorexia nervosa","authors":"Tine Schuppli Hjerresen, Mette Bentz, Ayna Baladi Nejad, Estelle Raffin, Kasper Winther Andersen, Oliver James Hulme, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Kerstin Jessica Plessen","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12194","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12194","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite advances in the etiology of anorexia nervosa (AN), a large subgroup of individuals does not profit optimally from treatment. Perfectionism has been found to be a risk factor predicting the onset, severity, and duration of AN episodes. To date, perfectionism has been studied predominantly by the use of self-report questionnaires, a useful approach that may, however, be impacted by demand characteristics, or other distortions of introspective or metacognitive access.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here we circumvent these problems via a behavioral paradigm in which participants perform a modified Go/NoGo task, whilst self-evaluating their performance. We compared a group of 33 adolescent females during their first episode of AN (age = 16.0) with 29 female controls (age = 16.2), and 23 adolescent girls recovered from AN (age = 18.3) with 23 female controls (age = 18.5). The controls were closely matched by intelligence quotient and age to the two clinical groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>First-episode AN and control participants performed equally well on the task (reaction time and errors of commission), whereas the recovered group displayed significantly faster reaction times but incurred the same error rate. Despite performing at least as good as and predominantly better than control groups, both clinical groups evaluated their performances more negatively than controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We offer a novel behavioral method for measuring perfectionism independent of self-report, and we provide tentative evidence that this behavioral manifestation of perfectionism is evident during first-episode AN and persists even after recovery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research project aims to build a Machine Learning algorithm (ML) to predict first-time ADHD diagnosis, given that it is the most frequent mental disorder for the non-adult population.
Methods
We used a stacked model combining 4 ML approaches to predict the presence of ADHD. The dataset contains data from population health care administrative registers in Catalonia comprising 1,225,406 non-adult individuals for 2013–2017, linked to socioeconomic characteristics and dispensed drug consumption. We defined a measure of proper ADHD diagnoses based on medical factors.
Results
We obtained an AUC of 79.6% with the stacked model. Significant variables that explain the ADHD presence are the dispersion across patients' visits to healthcare providers; the number of visits, diagnoses related to other mental disorders and drug consumption; age, and sex.
Conclusions
ML techniques can help predict ADHD early diagnosis using administrative registers. We must continuously investigate the potential use of ADHD early detection strategies and intervention in the health system.
背景 本研究项目旨在建立一种机器学习算法（ML）来预测多动症的首次诊断，因为多动症是非成年人群中最常见的精神疾病。 方法 我们使用了一个结合 4 种 ML 方法的堆叠模型来预测多动症的存在。数据集包含来自加泰罗尼亚人口医疗保健管理登记册的数据，其中包含 2013-2017 年间 1,225,406 名非成年人，这些数据与社会经济特征和配药消费相关联。我们根据医疗因素确定了正确诊断多动症的标准。 结果 叠加模型的 AUC 为 79.6%。解释多动症存在的重要变量包括患者就诊于医疗机构的分散性、就诊次数、与其他精神障碍和药物消耗相关的诊断、年龄和性别。 结论 ML 技术有助于利用行政登记册预测多动症的早期诊断。我们必须继续研究在医疗系统中使用多动症早期检测策略和干预措施的可能性。
{"title":"Identifying non-adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder individuals using a stacked machine learning algorithm using administrative data population registers in a universal healthcare system","authors":"David Roche, Toni Mora, Jordi Cid","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12193","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12193","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research project aims to build a Machine Learning algorithm (ML) to predict first-time ADHD diagnosis, given that it is the most frequent mental disorder for the non-adult population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a stacked model combining 4 ML approaches to predict the presence of ADHD. The dataset contains data from population health care administrative registers in Catalonia comprising 1,225,406 non-adult individuals for 2013–2017, linked to socioeconomic characteristics and dispensed drug consumption. We defined a measure of proper ADHD diagnoses based on medical factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We obtained an AUC of 79.6% with the stacked model. Significant variables that explain the ADHD presence are the dispersion across patients' visits to healthcare providers; the number of visits, diagnoses related to other mental disorders and drug consumption; age, and sex.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ML techniques can help predict ADHD early diagnosis using administrative registers. We must continuously investigate the potential use of ADHD early detection strategies and intervention in the health system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135205961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dominique P. A. Doffer, Tycho J. Dekkers, Rianne Hornstra, Saskia van der Oord, Marjolein Luman, Patty Leijten, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Barbara J. van den Hoofdakker, Annabeth P. Groenman
Background
Behavioural parent training is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about the extent to which initial benefits are maintained.
Aims
This meta-analytic review investigated longer-term (i.e., more than 2 months post-intervention) child and parental outcomes of behavioural parent training for children with ADHD.
Materials & Methods
We searched for randomized controlled trials and examined ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, negative parenting, parenting sense of competence, parent-child relationship quality, and parental mental health as outcomes. We included 27 studies (31 interventions; 217 effect sizes), used multilevel random-effects meta-analyses for between- and within-group comparisons (pre-intervention to follow-up and post-intervention to follow-up), and explored twelve predictors of change.
Results
Between pre-intervention and follow-up (M = 5.3 months), we found significant small-to-moderate between-group effects of the intervention on ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, parenting sense of competence and parent-child relationship quality. Within-group findings show sustained improvements in the intervention conditions for all outcome domains. There were few significant changes from post-intervention to follow-up. Additionally, the large majority of the individual effect sizes indicated sustained outcomes from post-intervention to follow-up. There were seven significant predictors of change in child outcomes, including stronger reductions in ADHD symptoms of girls and behaviour problems of younger children. In contrast with some meta-analyses on short-term effects, we found no differences between masked and unmasked outcomes on ADHD symptoms at follow-up.
Discussion & Conclusion
We conclude that behavioural parent training has longer-term benefits for children's ADHD symptoms and behavioural problems, and for positive parenting behaviours, parenting sense of competence and quality of the parent-child relationship.
{"title":"Sustained improvements by behavioural parent training for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review of longer-term child and parental outcomes","authors":"Dominique P. A. Doffer, Tycho J. Dekkers, Rianne Hornstra, Saskia van der Oord, Marjolein Luman, Patty Leijten, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Barbara J. van den Hoofdakker, Annabeth P. Groenman","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12196","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12196","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Behavioural parent training is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about the extent to which initial benefits are maintained.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This meta-analytic review investigated longer-term (i.e., more than 2 months post-intervention) child and parental outcomes of behavioural parent training for children with ADHD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We searched for randomized controlled trials and examined ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, negative parenting, parenting sense of competence, parent-child relationship quality, and parental mental health as outcomes. We included 27 studies (31 interventions; 217 effect sizes), used multilevel random-effects meta-analyses for between- and within-group comparisons (pre-intervention to follow-up and post-intervention to follow-up), and explored twelve predictors of change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between pre-intervention and follow-up (<i>M</i> = 5.3 months), we found significant small-to-moderate between-group effects of the intervention on ADHD symptoms, behavioural problems, positive parenting, parenting sense of competence and parent-child relationship quality. Within-group findings show sustained improvements in the intervention conditions for all outcome domains. There were few significant changes from post-intervention to follow-up. Additionally, the large majority of the individual effect sizes indicated sustained outcomes from post-intervention to follow-up. There were seven significant predictors of change in child outcomes, including stronger reductions in ADHD symptoms of girls and behaviour problems of younger children. In contrast with some meta-analyses on short-term effects, we found no differences between masked and unmasked outcomes on ADHD symptoms at follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion & Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conclude that behavioural parent training has longer-term benefits for children's ADHD symptoms and behavioural problems, and for positive parenting behaviours, parenting sense of competence and quality of the parent-child relationship.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12196","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10652907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessio Bellato, Ioana Alina Cristea, Cinzia Del Giovane, Seena Fazel, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Marco Solmi, Henrik Larsson
The publication of evidence synthesis studies (e.g., systematic reviews, meta-analyses of aggregated data or individual participant data, network meta-analyses, umbrella reviews) has grown exponentially in recent decades, with many placing these studies at the top of the pyramid of what is considered good evidence (Murad et al., 2016). Evidence synthesis studies integrate and analyse the collective evidence from multiple sources, thus providing comprehensive overviews and analyses of the available literature. Importantly, clinicians, policymakers and researchers make informed decisions, suggest healthcare policies, and guide clinical practice, based on such studies. It is therefore important to ensure that high-quality studies are conducted and published according to specific standardised protocols, to make sure that the evidence synthesis remains rigorous, accessible, and informative. The 13 evidence synthesis studies published in the current special issue of JCPP Advances report comprehensive overviews of several important areas in child and adolescent mental health.
An important focus of the studies in the special issue is on outcomes and prognosis, such as those demonstrating an association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular problems (Li et al., 2023) and sleep problems (Marten et al., 2023), as well as for poor health-related quality of life associated with low socio-economic status amongst children and adolescents with ADHD (Sevastidis et al., 2023). Bogdan et al. (2023) presented a comprehensive summary of the main characteristics of longitudinal studies investigating child and adolescent mental health conditions in the general population; Aymerich et al. (2023) found that internalising and externalising problems are present in children with enuresis or encopresis; while Pollard et al. (2023) observed that anxiety problems during childhood are associated with multifaceted poor outcomes and considerable economic costs.
Another key focus was on early predictors, including one study reporting an association between markers of autonomic functioning and self-injurious thoughts and behaviours in children and young people (Bellato et al., 2023), and another showing that sleep disturbances are transdiagnostic mediating factors of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in children and adolescents (Liu et al., 2023).
Other studies in the current issue focused on interventions. For example, studies reported evidence for the effectiveness of stimulant medication for pre-schoolers with ADHD (Sugaya et al., 2023), and long-term benefits of behavioural parent training for children with ADHD (Doffer, in press). Keiller et al. (2023) found preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of dramathera
近几十年来，证据综合研究(例如，系统综述、汇总数据或个人参与者数据的荟萃分析、网络荟萃分析、伞形综述)的发表呈指数级增长，许多研究将这些研究置于金字塔的顶端，被认为是良好的证据(Murad et al.， 2016)。证据综合研究整合和分析来自多个来源的集体证据，从而提供对现有文献的全面概述和分析。重要的是，临床医生、政策制定者和研究人员可以根据这些研究做出明智的决定，提出医疗保健政策建议，并指导临床实践。因此，重要的是确保根据特定的标准化方案进行和发表高质量的研究，以确保证据合成保持严格、可获取和信息丰富。发表在本期《JCPP进展》特刊上的13项证据综合研究报告全面概述了儿童和青少年心理健康的几个重要领域。特刊研究的一个重要重点是结果和预后，例如那些证明注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)与心血管问题(Li等人，2023)和睡眠问题(Marten等人，2023)之间存在关联的研究，以及与患有ADHD的儿童和青少年的低社会经济地位相关的健康相关生活质量差的研究(Sevastidis等人，2023)。Bogdan等人(2023)对调查普通人群中儿童和青少年心理健康状况的纵向研究的主要特征进行了全面总结;Aymerich等人(2023)发现，在遗尿或遗尿的儿童中存在内化和外化问题;而Pollard等人(2023)观察到，儿童时期的焦虑问题与多方面的不良后果和可观的经济成本有关。另一个重点是早期预测因素，包括一项研究报告了儿童和青少年自主功能标记物与自伤思想和行为之间的关联(Bellato等人，2023)，另一项研究表明，睡眠障碍是儿童和青少年不良童年经历与精神病理之间关系的跨诊断中介因素(Liu等人，2023)。当前问题的其他研究集中在干预措施上。例如，研究报告了兴奋剂药物对学龄前ADHD儿童有效性的证据(Sugaya等人，2023)，以及行为父母训练对ADHD儿童的长期益处(Doffer，出版中)。Keiller等人(2023)发现了戏剧疗法在减少儿童和年轻人情绪困扰方面的有效性的初步证据，但建议需要更严格的方法研究。同样，Hipolito等人(2023)强调缺乏关于非药物干预(如行为治疗)对患有选择性缄默症的儿童和年轻人的有效性的明确证据。最后，Cawthorne等人(2023)调查了认知行为疗法对患有焦虑症的青少年的适度疗效是否可以通过缺乏在该人群中进行的随机对照试验(RCTs)来解释;他们发现，在大多数情况下，单例实验设计没有进行随机对照试验，这突出了未来研究应该解决的一个重要空白。这些论文不仅关注重要的研究问题，而且展示了证据合成方法的最新发展以及报告系统评价和荟萃分析结果的良好实践。特别是Liu等人(2023)使用元分析结构方程模型作为他们的主要分析方法。这种新的证据合成方法可以结合元分析和结构方程模型的优势，研究不同结果测量之间的复杂关系(在这种情况下，不良童年经历、睡眠问题和精神病理)。我们也要赞扬Sugaya等人(2023)以“实用指导:临床建议”部分结束他们的论文。这应该更普遍地进行，因为它为临床专业人员提供了关于临床相关主题的证据的简短而全面的总结，并为临床实践提供了一套明确的建议。本期特刊的目标之一是发表高质量的证据综合研究，为未来的短期和长期研究提供指导。本特刊的“征稿”中包含了一个方案模板，作者在被编辑邀请提交最终论文之前完成了该方案模板。 这种方法可能会鼓励作者根据某些指导方针和标准来计划和组织他们的研究，然而，这些指导方针和标准并不是所有期刊都采用的标准。应寻求证据综合专家之间的共识，以确定和商定作者在规划、实施和报告证据综合研究时可以遵循的良好做法。此外，为了减少与系统评价和/或荟萃分析质量评价相关的不一致，我们认为重要的是向同行审稿人提供具体的编辑指南，说明在评论报告证据综合数据的手稿质量时应考虑哪些标准(Gates et al.， 2020);我们的目标是在未来为JCPP advance做这件事。我们通过实验评估了发表在本期特刊上的论文的质量，以评估报告的总体质量以及遵循了多少开放科学实践。在通常用于评估系统评价和荟萃分析质量的工具中，我们使用了AMSTAR-2 (Shea等人，2017)。所有13项研究在报告其基于PICO组成部分和遵循PRISMA指南的研究问题时都是一致的，它们都包括在进行研究之前发表的协议(通常在PROSPERO或OSF上)，使用全面的搜索策略(至少在四个独立的在线数据库中)，报告了系统评价中研究的详细信息，报告了任何潜在的利益冲突和主要资金来源。并使用适当的工具来评估偏倚风险/研究质量(见图1)。然而，并非所有的研究都进行了独立筛选(即，不止一位作者独立检查每个标题/摘要/全文)，然而，在筛选阶段，可以合理地对一定比例(例如，20%的纳入研究)或数据提取(或他们没有报告这样做)进行筛选。考虑到人工智能(AI)技术的最新进展及其在系统综述中筛选文章的潜在用途(van Dijk等人，2023)，未来的证据合成研究必须透明地报告筛选过程的信息。13项研究中有8项包括荟萃分析。虽然偏倚风险和发表偏倚的评估通常是准确的(即，通过使用适当的统计检验和准确报告信息)，但它们往往不被视为分析中潜在的混淆因素。例如，只有两项研究(8项研究中)使用了敏感性分析或元回归来评估纳入低质量研究或高度偏倚研究是否以及在多大程度上影响了元分析的主要结果。五项研究提供了与存储原始数据和分析代码的外部存储库的链接，两项研究报告说，数据可根据要求提供。公开数据和代码尤为重要，这不仅是因为遵循开放科学实践是JCPP进展的核心组成部分，而且还因为更多地遵守这些原则可能会提高传播循证发现的透明度，并促进进一步的合作。例如，如果单个研究的数据是公开的，则可以很容易地进行二次分析或更大的荟萃分析(例如，总体评价和网络荟萃分析)。但是，我们也承认，在某些情况下，公开共享数据可能是不可能的;因此，透明地报告主要调查结果(例如，提供森林样地、代码和产出)是至关重要的。我们还想强调的是，本特刊没有提交总括性综述:总括性综述是评估多个荟萃分析证据的有力工具(例如，参见Arrondo等人，2022)，因此我们鼓励作者将这类证据综合研究提交给JCPP Advances。Alessio Bellato:概念化;可视化;写作-原稿。Ioana Alina Cristea, Cinzia Del Giovane, Seena Fazel, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Marco Solmi:写作-评论和编辑。Henrik Larsson:概念化;监督;写作-原稿。Alessio Bellato, Henrik Larsson, Guilherme V. Polanczyk和Marco Solmi是本期杂志中收录的一些论文的作者，并在本期社论中进行了讨论。Henrik Larsson是JCPP Advances的主编。Guilherme V. Polanczyk和Marco Solmi是JCPP Advances的联合编辑。Seena Fazel是JCPP advance编辑顾问委员会的成员。Henrik Larsson报道从Shire Pharmaceuticals获得资助;担任
{"title":"Evidence-based child and adolescent mental health care: The role of high-quality and transparently reported evidence synthesis studies","authors":"Alessio Bellato, Ioana Alina Cristea, Cinzia Del Giovane, Seena Fazel, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Marco Solmi, Henrik Larsson","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12197","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12197","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The publication of evidence synthesis studies (e.g., systematic reviews, meta-analyses of aggregated data or individual participant data, network meta-analyses, umbrella reviews) has grown exponentially in recent decades, with many placing these studies at the top of the pyramid of what is considered <i>good</i> evidence (Murad et al., <span>2016</span>). Evidence synthesis studies integrate and analyse the collective evidence from multiple sources, thus providing comprehensive overviews and analyses of the available literature. Importantly, clinicians, policymakers and researchers make informed decisions, suggest healthcare policies, and guide clinical practice, based on such studies. It is therefore important to ensure that high-quality studies are conducted and published according to specific standardised protocols, to make sure that the evidence synthesis remains rigorous, accessible, and informative. The 13 evidence synthesis studies published in the current special issue of <i>JCPP Advances</i> report comprehensive overviews of several important areas in child and adolescent mental health.</p><p>An important focus of the studies in the special issue is on outcomes and prognosis, such as those demonstrating an association between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and cardiovascular problems (Li et al., <span>2023</span>) and sleep problems (Marten et al., <span>2023</span>), as well as for poor health-related quality of life associated with low socio-economic status amongst children and adolescents with ADHD (Sevastidis et al., <span>2023</span>). Bogdan et al. (<span>2023</span>) presented a comprehensive summary of the main characteristics of longitudinal studies investigating child and adolescent mental health conditions in the general population; Aymerich et al. (<span>2023</span>) found that internalising and externalising problems are present in children with enuresis or encopresis; while Pollard et al. (<span>2023</span>) observed that anxiety problems during childhood are associated with multifaceted poor outcomes and considerable economic costs.</p><p>Another key focus was on early predictors, including one study reporting an association between markers of autonomic functioning and self-injurious thoughts and behaviours in children and young people (Bellato et al., <span>2023</span>), and another showing that sleep disturbances are transdiagnostic mediating factors of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and psychopathology in children and adolescents (Liu et al., <span>2023</span>).</p><p>Other studies in the current issue focused on interventions. For example, studies reported evidence for the effectiveness of stimulant medication for pre-schoolers with ADHD (Sugaya et al., <span>2023</span>), and long-term benefits of behavioural parent training for children with ADHD (Doffer, <span>in press</span>). Keiller et al. (<span>2023</span>) found preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of dramathera","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10652911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Philippe Gouin, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Yolanda Sánchez-Carro, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Cecilia Essau
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has constrained opportunities in social, educational and professional domains, leading to developmental challenges for adolescents initiating their transition to adulthood. Meta-analysis indicated that there was a small increase in psychological distress during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, significant heterogeneity in the psychological response to the COVID-19 pandemic was noted. Developmental antecedents as well as social processes may account for such heterogeneity. The goal of this study was to characterize trajectories of psychological distress in late adolescence during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
5014 late adolescents born between 2000 and 2002 from the UK Millennium Cohort Study completed online self-reported assessments at three occasions during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020, September/October 2020 and February/March 2021). These surveys assessed psychological distress, loneliness, social support, family conflict, as well as other pandemic stressors. Information on developmental antecedents were obtained when cohort members were 17 years of age.
Results
Four distinct trajectories class were identified. Normative class (52.13%) experienced low and decreasing levels of psychological distress, while moderately increasing class (31.84%) experienced a small, but significant increase in distress over time and increasing class (8.75%) exhibited a larger increase in distress after the first wave of the pandemic. Inverted U-shaped class (7.29%) experienced elevated psychological distress during the first wave of the pandemic, followed by a decrease in distress in subsequent waves of the pandemic. Larger longitudinal increases in loneliness were noted among individuals in the elevated distress trajectory, compared to other trajectories. Pre-pandemic psychopathology was associated with elevated distress early in the pandemic.
Conclusions
The largest trajectory showed low and declining psychological distress, highlighting the resilience of the majority of late adolescents. However, a subgroup of adolescents experienced large increases in psychological distress, identifying a group of individuals more vulnerable to pandemic-related stress.
{"title":"Heterogeneity in the trajectories of psychological distress among late adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Jean-Philippe Gouin, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Yolanda Sánchez-Carro, Marie-Claude Geoffroy, Cecilia Essau","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has constrained opportunities in social, educational and professional domains, leading to developmental challenges for adolescents initiating their transition to adulthood. Meta-analysis indicated that there was a small increase in psychological distress during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, significant heterogeneity in the psychological response to the COVID-19 pandemic was noted. Developmental antecedents as well as social processes may account for such heterogeneity. The goal of this study was to characterize trajectories of psychological distress in late adolescence during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>5014 late adolescents born between 2000 and 2002 from the UK Millennium Cohort Study completed online self-reported assessments at three occasions during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020, September/October 2020 and February/March 2021). These surveys assessed psychological distress, loneliness, social support, family conflict, as well as other pandemic stressors. Information on developmental antecedents were obtained when cohort members were 17 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four distinct trajectories class were identified. <i>Normative class</i> (52.13%) experienced low and decreasing levels of psychological distress, while <i>moderately increasing class</i> (31.84%) experienced a small, but significant increase in distress over time and <i>increasing class</i> (8.75%) exhibited a larger increase in distress after the first wave of the pandemic. <i>Inverted U-shaped class</i> (7.29%) experienced elevated psychological distress during the first wave of the pandemic, followed by a decrease in distress in subsequent waves of the pandemic. Larger longitudinal increases in loneliness were noted among individuals in the elevated distress trajectory, compared to other trajectories. Pre-pandemic psychopathology was associated with elevated distress early in the pandemic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The largest trajectory showed low and declining psychological distress, highlighting the resilience of the majority of late adolescents. However, a subgroup of adolescents experienced large increases in psychological distress, identifying a group of individuals more vulnerable to pandemic-related stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12195","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43536614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ka Shu Lee, Eli R. Lebowitz, Wendy K. Silverman, Wan-Ling Tseng
Background
Child irritability and anxiety are associated with parent psychological control; yet their transactional relations over time are not well-characterized at the within-person level. Research addressing generalizability of past Western-based literature in non-Western, collectivist community samples is lacking.
Methods
Sample comprised 285 children aged 8.8–11.4 years (145 girls; Mage = 9.9 years, SD = 0.6) in Northern Taiwan. Participants were assessed at baseline (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-ups. Child irritability and anxiety symptoms were assessed using parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist. Parent psychological control was assessed using the parent- and child-rated Psychological Control Scale. Within-person processes were specified using the random-intercept cross-lagged panel models.
Results
Models showed that psychological control predicted increased child irritability when analyzing parenting data from parents and children. However, the lagged effect from psychological control to child anxiety was only seen in parent-rated parenting data. We found limited evidence for a back-and-forth transactional pathway among constructs. Child irritability predicted increased child anxiety in all models.
Conclusions
Directional effects from psychological control to child irritability and anxiety support parent-involved interventions that prioritize collaborative parenting and positive reinforcement techniques. Future validations in combined clinical and typically developing samples and direct cross-cultural comparisons are warranted.
{"title":"Transactional associations of child irritability and anxiety with parent psychological control in Taiwanese school-aged children","authors":"Ka Shu Lee, Eli R. Lebowitz, Wendy K. Silverman, Wan-Ling Tseng","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12192","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12192","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Child irritability and anxiety are associated with parent psychological control; yet their transactional relations over time are not well-characterized at the within-person level. Research addressing generalizability of past Western-based literature in non-Western, collectivist community samples is lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sample comprised 285 children aged 8.8–11.4 years (145 girls; <i>M</i>age = 9.9 years, <i>SD</i> = 0.6) in Northern Taiwan. Participants were assessed at baseline (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-ups. Child irritability and anxiety symptoms were assessed using parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist. Parent psychological control was assessed using the parent- and child-rated Psychological Control Scale. Within-person processes were specified using the random-intercept cross-lagged panel models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Models showed that psychological control predicted increased child irritability when analyzing parenting data from parents and children. However, the lagged effect from psychological control to child anxiety was only seen in parent-rated parenting data. We found limited evidence for a back-and-forth transactional pathway among constructs. Child irritability predicted increased child anxiety in all models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Directional effects from psychological control to child irritability and anxiety support parent-involved interventions that prioritize collaborative parenting and positive reinforcement techniques. Future validations in combined clinical and typically developing samples and direct cross-cultural comparisons are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41701733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theodora Bogdan, Weiyi Xie, Habeba Talaat, Hafsa Mir, Bhargavi Venkataraman, Laura E. Banfield, Katholiki Georgiades, Laura Duncan
Introduction
Longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population (herein study) investigate trends in prevalence, incidence, risk/protective factors, and sequelae for disorders. They are time and resource intensive but offer life-course perspectives and examination of causal mechanisms. Comprehensive syntheses of the methods of existing studies will provide an understanding of studies conducted to date, inventory studies, and inform the planning of new longitudinal studies.
Methods
A systematic review of the research literature in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted in December 2022 for longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population. Records were grouped by study and assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted from one of four sources: a record reporting study methodology, a record documenting child mental disorder prevalence, study websites, or user guides. Narrative and tabular syntheses of the scope and design features of studies were generated.
Results
There were 18,133 unique records for 487 studies—159 of these were eligible for inclusion. Studies occurred from 1934 to 2019 worldwide, with data collection across 1 to 68 time points, with 70% of studies ongoing. Baseline sample sizes ranged from n = 151 to 64,136. Studies were most frequently conducted in the United States and at the city/town level. Internalizing disorders and disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorders were the most frequently assessed mental disorders. Of studies reporting methods of disorder assessment, almost all used measurement scales. Individual, familial and environmental risk and protective factors and sequelae were examined.
Conclusions
These results summarize characteristics of existing longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population, provide an understanding of studies conducted to date, encourage comprehensive and consistent reporting of study methodology to facilitate meta-analytic syntheses of longitudinal evidence, and offer recommendations and suggestions for the design of future studies. Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/73HSW.
{"title":"Longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population: A systematic review of study characteristics","authors":"Theodora Bogdan, Weiyi Xie, Habeba Talaat, Hafsa Mir, Bhargavi Venkataraman, Laura E. Banfield, Katholiki Georgiades, Laura Duncan","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population (herein study) investigate trends in prevalence, incidence, risk/protective factors, and sequelae for disorders. They are time and resource intensive but offer life-course perspectives and examination of causal mechanisms. Comprehensive syntheses of the methods of existing studies will provide an understanding of studies conducted to date, inventory studies, and inform the planning of new longitudinal studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic review of the research literature in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO was conducted in December 2022 for longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population. Records were grouped by study and assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted from one of four sources: a record reporting study methodology, a record documenting child mental disorder prevalence, study websites, or user guides. Narrative and tabular syntheses of the scope and design features of studies were generated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 18,133 unique records for 487 studies—159 of these were eligible for inclusion. Studies occurred from 1934 to 2019 worldwide, with data collection across 1 to 68 time points, with 70% of studies ongoing. Baseline sample sizes ranged from <i>n</i> = 151 to 64,136. Studies were most frequently conducted in the United States and at the city/town level. Internalizing disorders and disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorders were the most frequently assessed mental disorders. Of studies reporting methods of disorder assessment, almost all used measurement scales. Individual, familial and environmental risk and protective factors and sequelae were examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results summarize characteristics of existing longitudinal studies of child mental disorders in the general population, provide an understanding of studies conducted to date, encourage comprehensive and consistent reporting of study methodology to facilitate meta-analytic syntheses of longitudinal evidence, and offer recommendations and suggestions for the design of future studies. Registration DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/73HSW.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10652912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cameron A. Hecht, Samuel D. Gosling, Christopher J. Bryan, Jeremy P. Jamieson, Jared S. Murray, David S. Yeager
Background
Single-session interventions have the potential to address young people's mental health needs at scale, but their effects are heterogeneous. We tested whether the mindset + supportive context hypothesis could help explain when intervention effects persist or fade over time. The hypothesis posits that interventions are more effective in environments that support the intervention message. We tested this hypothesis using the synergistic mindsets intervention, a preventative treatment for stress-related mental health symptoms that helps students appraise stress as a potential asset in the classroom (e.g., increasing oxygenated blood flow) rather than debilitating. In an introductory college course, we examined whether intervention-consistent messages from instructors sustained changes in appraisals over time, as well as impacts on students' predisposition to try demanding academic tasks that could enhance learning.
Methods
We randomly assigned 1675 students in the course to receive the synergistic mindsets intervention (or a control activity) at the beginning of the semester, and subsequently, to receive intervention-supportive messages from their instructor (or neutral messages) four times throughout the term. We collected weekly measures of students' appraisals of stress in the course and their predisposition to take on academic challenges. Trial-registration: OSF.io; DOI: 10.17605/osf.io/fchyn.
Results
A conservative Bayesian analysis indicated that receiving both the intervention and supportive messages led to the greatest increases in positive stress appraisals (0.35 SD; 1.00 posterior probability) and challenge-seeking predisposition (2.33 percentage points; 0.94 posterior probability), averaged over the course of the semester. In addition, intervention effects grew larger throughout the semester when complemented by supportive instructor messages, whereas without these messages, intervention effects shrank somewhat over time.
Conclusions
This study shows, for the first time, that supportive cues in local contexts can be the difference in whether a single-session intervention's effects fade over time or persist and even amplify.
{"title":"When do the effects of single-session interventions persist? Testing the mindset + supportive context hypothesis in a longitudinal randomized trial","authors":"Cameron A. Hecht, Samuel D. Gosling, Christopher J. Bryan, Jeremy P. Jamieson, Jared S. Murray, David S. Yeager","doi":"10.1002/jcv2.12191","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcv2.12191","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-session interventions have the potential to address young people's mental health needs at scale, but their effects are heterogeneous. We tested whether the <i>mindset + supportive context</i> hypothesis could help explain when intervention effects persist or fade over time. The hypothesis posits that interventions are more effective in environments that support the intervention message. We tested this hypothesis using the synergistic mindsets intervention, a preventative treatment for stress-related mental health symptoms that helps students appraise stress as a potential asset in the classroom (e.g., increasing oxygenated blood flow) rather than debilitating. In an introductory college course, we examined whether intervention-consistent messages from instructors sustained changes in appraisals over time, as well as impacts on students' predisposition to try demanding academic tasks that could enhance learning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We randomly assigned 1675 students in the course to receive the synergistic mindsets intervention (or a control activity) at the beginning of the semester, and subsequently, to receive intervention-supportive messages from their instructor (or neutral messages) four times throughout the term. We collected weekly measures of students' appraisals of stress in the course and their predisposition to take on academic challenges. Trial-registration: OSF.io; DOI: 10.17605/osf.io/fchyn.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A conservative Bayesian analysis indicated that receiving both the intervention and supportive messages led to the greatest increases in positive stress appraisals (0.35 <i>SD</i>; 1.00 posterior probability) and challenge-seeking predisposition (2.33 percentage points; 0.94 posterior probability), averaged over the course of the semester. In addition, intervention effects grew larger throughout the semester when complemented by supportive instructor messages, whereas without these messages, intervention effects shrank somewhat over time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study shows, for the first time, that supportive cues in local contexts can be the difference in whether a single-session intervention's effects fade over time or persist and even amplify.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":73542,"journal":{"name":"JCPP advances","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcv2.12191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42477641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号