Pub Date : 2019-01-01Epub Date: 2019-01-15DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2019.01.02
Youn-Sang Jung, Moon Jong Kim, Jae-Il Park
Long-noncodingRNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed as a critical regulator of various cellularprocesses including cell fate decision and cell proliferation (1,2).Mechanistically, lncRNAs control various gene expressions by recruiting thechromatin modifiers in cis and trans modes (1). Transcription oflncRNAs itself also can activate or suppress the neighboring gene expression bythe transcriptional interference through regulatory sequences (1,3). lncRNAsare also involved in a wide range of protein and RNA regulatory functions, suchas scaffoldings of proteins and RNAs, protein and RNA decoys, and functionalmicro-peptides production (1). Aberrant regulation of lncRNA-mediated cellularprocesses is implicated in human disease including cancer (4,5). The recenttechnologic advance including the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), andgene editing, genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models has made it feasible toelucidate the various roles of lncRNAs in the normal tissue physiology and thepathologic conditions including tumorigenesis and metastasis (2,6).
{"title":"LncGata6-controlled stemness in regeneration and cancer.","authors":"Youn-Sang Jung, Moon Jong Kim, Jae-Il Park","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2019.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2019.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Long-noncodingRNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed as a critical regulator of various cellularprocesses including cell fate decision and cell proliferation (1,2).Mechanistically, lncRNAs control various gene expressions by recruiting thechromatin modifiers in cis and trans modes (1). Transcription oflncRNAs itself also can activate or suppress the neighboring gene expression bythe transcriptional interference through regulatory sequences (1,3). lncRNAsare also involved in a wide range of protein and RNA regulatory functions, suchas scaffoldings of proteins and RNAs, protein and RNA decoys, and functionalmicro-peptides production (1). Aberrant regulation of lncRNA-mediated cellularprocesses is implicated in human disease including cancer (4,5). The recenttechnologic advance including the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), andgene editing, genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models has made it feasible toelucidate the various roles of lncRNAs in the normal tissue physiology and thepathologic conditions including tumorigenesis and metastasis (2,6).","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2019.01.02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36965859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.09
Brad Li
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a form of RNA that has been found to regulate mammalian transcription. This recently discovered RNA is a large class of ubiquitously expressed novel noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) reported to regulate gene expression by modulating the function of micro RNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). CircRNAs are believed to be able to serve as molecular markers of complex diseases. However, the understanding of their role in the development of diabetes is still limited.
{"title":"Amaresh C. Panda: breakthrough discoveries result from strong work ethics and effective teamwork!","authors":"Brad Li","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.09","url":null,"abstract":"Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a form of RNA that has been found to regulate mammalian transcription. This recently discovered RNA is a large class of ubiquitously expressed novel noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) reported to regulate gene expression by modulating the function of micro RNAs (miRNAs) and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). CircRNAs are believed to be able to serve as molecular markers of complex diseases. However, the understanding of their role in the development of diabetes is still limited.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47976198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01Epub Date: 2018-12-19DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2018.12.01
Zachary A Yochum, Timothy F Burns
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells reversibly transdifferentiate and adopt a mesenchymal morphology (1-3). EMT is driven by suppression of epithelial associated genes such as E-cadherin and upregulation of mesenchymal associated genes such as fibroblast-specific protein 1 and Vimentin (1-3). These genetic changes lead epithelial cells to become more spindle-like in appearance due to loss of epithelial cell apical-basal polarity, cell-cell interactions, and cell-extracellular matrix interactions (1).
{"title":"TWIST1 regulation of circRNA: a novel mechanism to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Zachary A Yochum, Timothy F Burns","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2018.12.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2018.12.01","url":null,"abstract":"The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which epithelial cells reversibly transdifferentiate and adopt a mesenchymal morphology (1-3). EMT is driven by suppression of epithelial associated genes such as E-cadherin and upregulation of mesenchymal associated genes such as fibroblast-specific protein 1 and Vimentin (1-3). These genetic changes lead epithelial cells to become more spindle-like in appearance due to loss of epithelial cell apical-basal polarity, cell-cell interactions, and cell-extracellular matrix interactions (1).","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2018.12.01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36941790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-12DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2018.11.07
Aditi N. Borkar, Iván D’Orso
RNA plays a central role in the precise control of several biological processes including transcription, translation and DNA replication. As such, correct function of RNA-mediated processes is vital for maintaining cell homeostasis thereby avoiding malignancy. The recent structure of human LARP7 and its binding site on 7SK RNA by Feigon and co-workers (1) reveals molecular details into how this protein-RNA interaction contributes to 7SK RNA recognition and provides insights into the assembly of the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex for correct transcriptional control.
{"title":"Structural basis for assembly and function of the 7SK snRNP complex","authors":"Aditi N. Borkar, Iván D’Orso","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2018.11.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2018.11.07","url":null,"abstract":"RNA plays a central role in the precise control of several biological processes including transcription, translation and DNA replication. As such, correct function of RNA-mediated processes is vital for maintaining cell homeostasis thereby avoiding malignancy. The recent structure of human LARP7 and its binding site on 7SK RNA by Feigon and co-workers (1) reveals molecular details into how this protein-RNA interaction contributes to 7SK RNA recognition and provides insights into the assembly of the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) complex for correct transcriptional control.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2018.11.07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.04
M. Ardalan, S. Z. Vahed
Evaluation of allograft quality before engraftment is becoming an important task in the realm of organ transplantation. Prediction of renal allograft outcome for making the final decision to do the transplant or not, is not a well-addressed issue (1). This necessity becomes more obvious as the shortage of organs has increased the acceptance rate of risky organs retrieved from ‘extended criteria’ donors (ECD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD) (2,3).
{"title":"Allograft outcome: the application of machine perfused fluid miRNAs","authors":"M. Ardalan, S. Z. Vahed","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.04","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of allograft quality before engraftment is becoming an important task in the realm of organ transplantation. Prediction of renal allograft outcome for making the final decision to do the transplant or not, is not a well-addressed issue (1). This necessity becomes more obvious as the shortage of organs has increased the acceptance rate of risky organs retrieved from ‘extended criteria’ donors (ECD) and donation after circulatory death (DCD) (2,3).","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41971767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01Epub Date: 2018-11-23DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2018.11.05
Yanting Chen, Qiyuan Yang, Min Du
{"title":"Beyond brown adipogenesis the inheritance of imprinted H19.","authors":"Yanting Chen, Qiyuan Yang, Min Du","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2018.11.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2018.11.05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2018.11.05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37318682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.03
M. Andreassi
Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are ubiquitous RNA molecules not translated into proteins and involved in different steps of gene regulation and transcription. Their dysregulation has been widely demonstrated in different forms of cardiovascular disorders. The present review discusses how ncRNAs [including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs)] are involved in cardiovascular biology and diseases, highlighting their potential role as circulating diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. The review also addresses future directions in research, covering issues still unresolved and the relevant factors limiting their widespread use in the clinical practice.
{"title":"Non-coding RNA in cardiovascular disease: a general overview on microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs","authors":"M. Andreassi","doi":"10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.03","url":null,"abstract":"Non-coding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are ubiquitous RNA molecules not translated into proteins and involved in different steps of gene regulation and transcription. Their dysregulation has been widely demonstrated in different forms of cardiovascular disorders. The present review discusses how ncRNAs [including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs)] are involved in cardiovascular biology and diseases, highlighting their potential role as circulating diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. The review also addresses future directions in research, covering issues still unresolved and the relevant factors limiting their widespread use in the clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/NCRI.2018.11.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41985461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01Epub Date: 2018-09-14DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2018.08.03
Asfar S Azmi
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are broadly classified as house-keeping and regulatory ncRNAs. The house keeping ncRNAs include the ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, small nuclear RNA and snoRNA. While the regulatory ncRNA classification is based on length and include shorter microRNAs, snRNAs, piRNAs or the long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) that are greater than 200 nucleotides (nt) (1).
{"title":"Nuclear export mechanisms of circular RNAs: size does matter.","authors":"Asfar S Azmi","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2018.08.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/ncri.2018.08.03","url":null,"abstract":"Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are broadly classified as house-keeping and regulatory ncRNAs. The house keeping ncRNAs include the ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, small nuclear RNA and snoRNA. While the regulatory ncRNA classification is based on length and include shorter microRNAs, snRNAs, piRNAs or the long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) that are greater than 200 nucleotides (nt) (1).","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21037/ncri.2018.08.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36647000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01Epub Date: 2018-07-17DOI: 10.21037/ncri.2018.06.08
Robert L Raffai
{"title":"MicroRNA-146a & hematopoiesis: friend or foe in atherosclerosis.","authors":"Robert L Raffai","doi":"10.21037/ncri.2018.06.08","DOIUrl":"10.21037/ncri.2018.06.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74314,"journal":{"name":"Non-coding RNA investigation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6086356/pdf/nihms-983555.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10023460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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