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Role of urban vegetation in air phytoremediation: differences between scientific research and environmental management perspectives 城市植被在大气植物修复中的作用:科学研究与环境管理视角的差异
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00105-0
Cheng Gong, Chaofan Xian, Tong Wu, Jingru Liu, Zhiyun Ouyang
Air pollutant removal by urban vegetation is perceived to be a key ecosystem service for mitigating air pollution. However, the effectiveness of air phytoremediation in cities requires more synthesis to inform environmental management. A Bayesian meta-analysis approach was used to quantify the effectiveness of the removal of typical air pollutants—particle matter (PM), nitrogen oxide (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3)—by synthesizing global field measurement studies. The results revealed that urban vegetation can mitigate the growth of air pollutant concentrations, with reduction rates of 16.5~26.7% for PM, 13.9~36.2% for NOx, and 20.5~47.8% for SO2. However, they failed to significantly mitigate ground-level O3, corresponding to an increase of 5.1~25.9%. The variability in effect sizes was mainly influenced by the distance to nearest highway, ambient concentration, relative humidity, and green coverage. A questionnaire survey conducted in Shenzhen city (China) showed that most environmental managers supposed positive impacts of urban vegetation on all four air pollutants, which was at odds with our findings with respect to O3. This study can inform the lessening of discrepancies between scientific research and environmental managers’ perceptions on how to improve air phytoremediation for urban air pollution mitigation in China and elsewhere.
城市植被清除空气污染物被认为是减轻空气污染的一项关键生态系统服务。然而,需要对城市空气植物修复的有效性进行更多综合分析,以便为环境管理提供信息。本研究采用贝叶斯荟萃分析方法,通过综合全球实地测量研究,量化了典型空气污染物--颗粒物质(PM)、氮氧化物(NOx)、二氧化硫(SO2)和臭氧(O3)--的去除效果。研究结果表明,城市植被可以减缓空气污染物浓度的增长,可吸入颗粒物的降低率为 16.5%~26.7%,氮氧化物的降低率为 13.9%~36.2%,二氧化硫的降低率为 20.5%~47.8%。然而,它们未能显著缓解地面臭氧浓度,相应地增加了 5.1%至 25.9%。效果大小的差异主要受距离最近高速公路的距离、环境浓度、相对湿度和绿化覆盖率的影响。在中国深圳市进行的一项问卷调查显示,大多数环境管理者认为城市植被对四种空气污染物都有积极影响,这与我们对臭氧的研究结果不一致。这项研究可以帮助减少科学研究与环境管理者认知之间的差异,从而改进空气植物修复技术,缓解中国和其他地区的城市空气污染。
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引用次数: 0
Economic inequalities and discontent in European cities 欧洲城市的经济不平等和不满情绪
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00104-1
Camilla Lenzi, Giovanni Perucca
This paper reconsiders a stylized fact of the literature on the relationship between urbanization and subjective well-being, the urban well-being paradox, i.e., the densest settings typically show the highest level of individual discontent. By drawing on an original sample based on more 50,000 individuals in 83 cities of the 27 member states of the European Union plus the UK, the paper highlights three main results. First, bigger cities are characterized by intrinsically higher inequalities than smaller ones, suggesting a scaling of disparities: interpersonal inequalities represent an often-overlooked cause of urbanization diseconomies. Second, compositional effects on discontent are particularly detrimental in cities, suggesting a scaling of discontent. Moreover, compositional and contextual characteristics mix in cities, amplifying the negative effect of inequalities especially for the most fragile social groups. Third, discontent with life and discontent with specific domains of city life do not always go in tandem. Nevertheless, the advantages of largest cities seem especially a benefit for élite individuals.
本文重新审视了城市化与主观幸福感之间关系文献中的一个典型事实,即城市幸福感悖论,即最密集的环境通常显示出最高水平的个人不满。通过利用基于欧盟 27 个成员国和英国 83 个城市中超过 50,000 名个人的原始样本,本文强调了三个主要结果。首先,与小城市相比,大城市的不平等程度更高,这表明了差距的扩大:人与人之间的不平等是城市化不经济的一个经常被忽视的原因。其次,组成因素对不满情绪的影响在城市中尤为不利,这表明不满情绪是按比例增加的。此外,城市的构成特征和环境特征相互交织,扩大了不平等的负面影响,尤其是对最脆弱的社会群体而言。第三,对生活的不满和对城市生活特定领域的不满并不总是同步的。然而,大城市的优势似乎尤其有利于精英个人。
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引用次数: 3
The emerging role of mega-urban regions in the sustainability of global production-consumption systems 特大城市区域在全球生产-消费系统可持续性方面的新作用
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00098-w
E. Doran, J. Golden, K. Matus, L. Lebel, V. Timmer, M. van ‘t Zelfde, A. de Koning
Mega-urban regions (MURs) are important consumers or traders of resources from, or producers of wastes destined for, the global hinterlands. These roles, coupled with their concentration, clustering and centrality effects, mean MURs have a disproportionately large effect on the sustainability of global production-consumption systems (PCSs). Actions taken within MURs influence the sustainability of global PCSs, and vice versa; but that influence is complicated by complex governance intersections. Three cases are used to illustrate governance innovation in MUR-PCS interactions: industrial symbiosis in Tianjin, China; electricity production in London, UK; and the adoption of standards and labels for seafood in Bangkok, Thailand. In London and Tianjin, waste capture reduced consumption of hinterland resources, whereas in Bangkok, the aim was to improve the sustainability of resource use in coastal and marine hinterlands. We suggest an agenda for research to evaluate the potential for transferrable MUR governance innovation to enable sustainable and equitable PCSs.
特大城市地区(MURs)是全球腹地资源的重要消费者或交易者,也是运往全球腹地的废物的生产者。这些角色,加上其集中、集群和中心效应,意味着特大城市区域对全球生产-消费系统(PCS)的可持续性有着不成比例的巨大影响。多边市场内采取的行动会影响全球生产-消费系统的可持续性,反之亦然;但这种影响因复杂的治理交叉而变得复杂。本文用三个案例来说明多边市场-生产消费系统互动中的治理创新:中国天津的工业共生、英国伦敦的电力生产以及泰国曼谷海鲜标准和标签的采用。在伦敦和天津,废物回收减少了对腹地资源的消耗,而在曼谷,目的是提高沿海和海洋腹地资源利用的可持续性。我们提出了一项研究议程,以评估可转让的多边市场治理创新的潜力,从而实现可持续和公平的港口国。
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引用次数: 0
Contributions of the voluntary local review process to policy integration: evidence from frontrunner cities 地方自愿审查程序对政策整合的贡献:来自领先城市的证据
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-06 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00101-4
Fernando Ortiz-Moya, Marco Reggiani
The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relies on effective policy integration at all levels of government. However, integration across policy domains remains challenging for local authorities, particularly when it comes to articulating policies that recognise trade-offs and interactions between different SDGs. This study explores how the Voluntary Local Review (VLR) process—a tool to localise the 2030 Agenda—contributes to policy integration by thematically analysing interviews with city officials in 12 frontrunner cities that conducted a VLR between 2019 and 2020. Our results suggest three main ways in which the VLR process affects policy integration: (1) by facilitating cooperation and interdependencies between different policy sectors; (2) by creating new instruments to mainstream SDGs; and (3) by enhancing sustainability competencies. Hence, our study suggests that conducting a VLR has the transformative potential to achieve greater policy integration and further the 2030 Agenda.
可持续发展目标 (SDG) 的实施有赖于各级政府有效的政策整合。然而,对于地方政府来说,跨政策领域的整合仍具有挑战性,尤其是在制定政策时要认识到不同可持续发展目标之间的权衡和相互作用。本研究通过对 2019 年至 2020 年间开展自愿地方审查(VLR)的 12 个领跑城市的城市官员的访谈进行专题分析,探讨自愿地方审查(VLR)过程--2030 年议程地方化的工具--如何促进政策整合。我们的研究结果表明,VLR 过程影响政策整合的方式主要有三种:(1) 促进不同政策部门之间的合作和相互依存;(2) 创造将可持续发展目标纳入主流的新工具;(3) 提高可持续发展能力。因此,我们的研究表明,开展脆弱性、长期性和可持续 性审查具有实现更大的政策整合和推进 2030 年议程的变革潜力。
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引用次数: 1
A Call for a National Community Resilience Extension Partnership to Bridge Resilience Research to Communities 呼吁建立全国社区抗灾能力推广伙伴关系,将抗灾能力研究与社区联系起来
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00102-3
Christopher T. Clavin, Jennifer Helgeson, Matthew Malecha, Shubha Shrivastava
Resilience planning and action is limited to communities with significant technical and administrative capabilities. Engaging communities to co-produce research enables a more equitable distribution of needed tools. A national Community Resilience Extension Partnership linking scientists with place-based planners and emergency managers provides the research-to-practice infrastructure for equitable development of community resilience science and technology.
抗灾规划和行动仅限于拥有强大技术和管理能力的社区。让社区参与共同开展研究,可以更公平地分配所需的工具。全国社区抗灾能力推广伙伴关系将科学家与地方规划者和应急管理人员联系在一起,为公平开发社区抗灾科学技术提供了从研究到实践的基础设施。
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引用次数: 1
Enabling connections between a multi-country urban research programme and the practices of an African urban research centre 使多国城市研究方案与非洲城市研究中心的做法建立联系
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00099-9
Andrew Tucker
Significant interest exists within urban scholarship regarding both the need to explore diverse urban situated knowledge while enabling effective forms of global comparison, and the place and utility of new urban science approaches. This article considers such interests in relation to the implementation of a multi-country urban research programme and its interface with the pre-existing interests and methodological practices of an African urban research centre. It suggests, when partners engage dialectically, large-scale research programmes may speak to and help offer new perspectives on local realities as much as local realities may help enrich the frameworks of international large-scale research programmes.
城市学术界对以下两方面有着浓厚的兴趣:一是需要探索多样化的城市情景知识,同时实现有效的全球比较;二是新的城市科学方法的地位和效用。本文结合多国城市研究计划的实施及其与非洲城市研究中心原有的兴趣和方法实践之间的联系,探讨了这种兴趣。文章认为,当合作伙伴辩证地参与时,大型研究计划可以与当地现实对话,并有助于为当地现实提供新的视角,就像当地现实可以帮助丰富国际大型研究计划的框架一样。
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引用次数: 0
Japanese urban household carbon footprints during early-stage COVID-19 pandemic were consistent with those over the past decade 日本城市家庭在 COVID-19 大流行初期的碳足迹与过去十年的碳足迹一致
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00095-z
Yin Long, Yoshikuni Yoshida, Yida Jiang, Liqiao Huang, Wentao Wang, Zhifu Mi, Yosuke Shigetomi, Keiichiro Kanemoto
As urbanization accelerates worldwide, substantial energy and services are required to meet the demand from cities, making cities major contributors to adverse environmental consequences. To bridge the knowledge gap in the absence of fine-grained city-level climate protection measures due to data availability and accuracy, this study provides a detailed carbon emission inventory for analyzing the monthly fluctuations based on citizens’ daily consumption behaviors. Here, carbon emissions embodied in approximately 500 household consumption items were calculated in 47 prefectural-level cities in Japan from 2011 to June 2021. We analyzed the results considering the regional, seasonal, demand, and emission way-specific aspects, and compared the emission before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notably, the carbon footprints during the pandemic were consistent with the previous level despite downtrends in specific categories. This study provides an example of utilizing city-level emission data to improve household green consumption behavior as references for enriching city-level decarbonization paths.
随着全球城市化进程的加快,城市需要大量的能源和服务来满足需求,这使得城市成为造成不良环境后果的主要因素。由于数据的可用性和准确性问题,在缺乏精细的城市级气候保护措施的情况下,为了弥补知识空白,本研究提供了详细的碳排放清单,用于分析基于市民日常消费行为的月度波动。在此,我们计算了 2011 年至 2021 年 6 月日本 47 个县级城市约 500 种家庭消费项目所体现的碳排放量。我们从地区、季节、需求和排放方式等方面对结果进行了分析,并对 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间的排放量进行了比较。值得注意的是,大流行期间的碳足迹与之前的水平保持一致,尽管特定类别的碳足迹呈下降趋势。本研究提供了一个利用城市级排放数据改善家庭绿色消费行为的实例,为丰富城市级去碳化路径提供了参考。
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引用次数: 3
Cities can benefit from complex supply chains 城市可从复杂的供应链中受益
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00100-5
Nazlı B. Doğan, Alfonso Mejia, Michael Gomez
Supply chain complexity is perceived to exacerbate the supply disruptions or shocks experienced by a city. Here, we calculate two network measures of supply chain complexity based on the relative number—horizontal complexity—and relative strength—vertical complexity—of a city’s suppliers. Using a large dataset of more than 1 million annual supply flows to 69 major cities in the United States for 2012–2015, we show that a trade-off pattern between horizontal and vertical complexity tends to characterize the architecture of urban supply networks. This architecture shapes the resistance of cities to supply chain shocks. We find that a city experiences less intense shocks, on average, as supplier relative diversity (horizontal complexity) increases for more technologically sophisticated products, which may serve as a mechanism for buffering cities against supply chain shocks. These results could help cities anticipate and manage their supply chain risks.
供应链的复杂性被认为会加剧一个城市所经历的供应中断或冲击。在此,我们根据一个城市供应商的相对数量--横向复杂性和相对强度--纵向复杂性,计算出供应链复杂性的两种网络衡量标准。通过使用 2012-2015 年期间美国 69 个主要城市每年超过 100 万次供应流的大型数据集,我们发现城市供应网络的架构往往在水平和垂直复杂性之间存在权衡模式。这种结构决定了城市抵御供应链冲击的能力。我们发现,平均而言,随着供应商相对多样性(水平复杂性)的增加,城市在技术更复杂的产品上受到的冲击会更小,这可能是城市抵御供应链冲击的一种缓冲机制。这些结果有助于城市预测和管理供应链风险。
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引用次数: 0
Climate change adaptation measures conflicted with the recreational demands on city forests during COVID-19 pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间,气候变化适应措施与城市森林的娱乐需求发生冲突
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00096-y
Angela Beckmann-Wübbelt, Lynn Türk, Iulia Almeida, Annika Fricke, Metodi Sotirov, Somidh Saha
Recurrent droughts in southwest Germany threaten the city and community-owned forests (CCF). At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for recreation in CCF of southwest Germany. We interviewed stakeholders from different interest groups to critically analyze their opinion on how the high recreation demand on CCF due to the pandemic can be ensured along with implementing climate change adaptation measures in CCF in Karlsruhe, Germany. We found that stakeholders particularly highlighted the importance of the recreational function of the CCF during the pandemic. However, the behavior of visitors was criticized by the stakeholders. We showed that demand for the recreational use of CCF conflicted with climate change adaptation measures such as sanitary and forest restoration actions, creating a dilemma among stakeholders. Therefore, enhancing citizens’ knowledge of forests’ recreation functions and the need for climate change adaptation through communication and education should be prioritized.
德国西南部反复出现的干旱威胁着城市和社区拥有的森林(CCF)。与此同时,COVID-19 大流行病增加了德国西南部 CCF 的娱乐需求。我们采访了来自不同利益团体的利益相关者,以批判性地分析他们对如何在德国卡尔斯鲁厄的 CCF 实施气候变化适应措施的同时,确保因大流行病而对 CCF 产生的高娱乐需求的看法。我们发现,利益相关者特别强调了大流行病期间保育设施娱乐功能的重要性。然而,游客的行为却受到了利益相关者的批评。我们的研究表明,对国家自然保护基金娱乐功能的需求与气候变化适应措施(如卫生和森林恢复行动)之间存在冲突,这在利益相关者之间造成了两难的局面。因此,应优先考虑通过宣传和教育,提高公民对森林娱乐功能和适应气候变化需求的认识。
{"title":"Climate change adaptation measures conflicted with the recreational demands on city forests during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Angela Beckmann-Wübbelt, Lynn Türk, Iulia Almeida, Annika Fricke, Metodi Sotirov, Somidh Saha","doi":"10.1038/s42949-023-00096-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42949-023-00096-y","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent droughts in southwest Germany threaten the city and community-owned forests (CCF). At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the demand for recreation in CCF of southwest Germany. We interviewed stakeholders from different interest groups to critically analyze their opinion on how the high recreation demand on CCF due to the pandemic can be ensured along with implementing climate change adaptation measures in CCF in Karlsruhe, Germany. We found that stakeholders particularly highlighted the importance of the recreational function of the CCF during the pandemic. However, the behavior of visitors was criticized by the stakeholders. We showed that demand for the recreational use of CCF conflicted with climate change adaptation measures such as sanitary and forest restoration actions, creating a dilemma among stakeholders. Therefore, enhancing citizens’ knowledge of forests’ recreation functions and the need for climate change adaptation through communication and education should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":74322,"journal":{"name":"npj urban sustainability","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10016162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9146379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Author Correction: Climate-resilient development planning for cities: progress from Cape Town 作者更正:城市气候适应性发展规划:开普敦的进展
Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.1038/s42949-023-00097-x
Nicholas P. Simpson, Kayleen Jeanne Simpson, Albert T. Ferreira, Andrew Constable, Bruce Glavovic, Siri Ellen Hallstrøm Eriksen, Debora Ley, William Solecki, Roberto Sanchez Rodríguez, Lindsay C. Stringer
{"title":"Author Correction: Climate-resilient development planning for cities: progress from Cape Town","authors":"Nicholas P. Simpson, Kayleen Jeanne Simpson, Albert T. Ferreira, Andrew Constable, Bruce Glavovic, Siri Ellen Hallstrøm Eriksen, Debora Ley, William Solecki, Roberto Sanchez Rodríguez, Lindsay C. Stringer","doi":"10.1038/s42949-023-00097-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42949-023-00097-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74322,"journal":{"name":"npj urban sustainability","volume":" ","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42949-023-00097-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42086088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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npj urban sustainability
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