The presence of predators can induce non‐consumptive effects on prey that result in subsequent changes to prey behaviour and defence.We investigate the interaction between top‐down non‐consumptive effects of various stages of the predator Coccinella septempunctata L.(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (larvae and adult) and bottom‐up effects of host nutrition on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) oviposition and larval host choice. We also compare the effect of presence of intact predators, predators without mandibles, confined predators and a no predator control treatment on P. xylostella larval growth, survival and herbivory.Host plant nutrition influenced the host choice of adult female P. xylostella; no interaction was observed between bottom‐up host plant nutrition and the presence of C. septempunctata adults or larvae on oviposition or larval host choice by P. xylostella.Predator presence impacted larval feeding and weight gain. The presence of free‐moving C. septempunctata adults without mandibles that could not predate P. xylostella reduced mean leaf consumption by P. xylostella larvae to 1.88 ± 0.21 cm2 and reduced weight gain to 2.12 ± 0.16 mg. Despite differences in leaf damage and larval weight gain, survival remained consistent across the non‐consumptive treatments.Intact C. septempunctata larvae reduced leaf damage and subsequent P. xylostella larval weight gain. The presence of larval predators across the non‐consumptive treatments, however, had no effect on feeding damage or weight gain.Results of our investigation indicate that C. septempunctata causes some non‐consumptive effects on P. xylostella that depend on predator life stage, level of confinement and prey life stage. It is likely that P. xylostella responds to multi‐modal cues in predator detection.
捕食者的存在会对猎物产生非消费性影响，从而导致猎物的行为和防御发生变化。我们研究了捕食者 Coccinella septempunctata L.（鞘翅目：Coccinellidae）各阶段（幼虫和成虫）自上而下的非消费性影响与寄主营养自下而上的影响之间的相互作用。我们还比较了完整捕食者、无下颚捕食者、密闭捕食者和无捕食者对照处理对木虱幼虫生长、存活和食草的影响。寄主植物营养影响雌性木虱成虫对寄主的选择；自下而上的寄主植物营养和七鳃鳗成虫或幼虫的存在对木虱产卵或幼虫对寄主的选择没有交互作用。捕食者的存在影响了幼虫的摄食和增重。自由移动的无下颚的七鳃鳗成虫不能捕食木虱，它们的存在使木虱幼虫的平均叶片消耗量降至 1.88 ± 0.21 平方厘米，增重降至 2.12 ± 0.16 毫克。尽管叶片损伤和幼虫增重存在差异，但非消耗性处理的存活率保持一致。完整的 C. septempunctata 幼虫减少了叶片损伤和随后的 P. xylostella 幼虫增重。然而，在非消耗性处理中，幼虫捕食者的存在对食害或增重没有影响。我们的调查结果表明，七鳃鳗会对木虱造成一些非消耗性影响，这些影响取决于捕食者的生命阶段、封闭程度和猎物的生命阶段。在发现捕食者时，木虱可能会对多种模式的线索做出反应。
{"title":"Interactions between host plant quality and non‐consumptive predator effects on oviposition and larval behaviour of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)","authors":"Sharavari Kulkarni, Maya Evenden","doi":"10.1111/afe.12649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12649","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>The presence of predators can induce non‐consumptive effects on prey that result in subsequent changes to prey behaviour and defence.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We investigate the interaction between top‐down non‐consumptive effects of various stages of the predator Coccinella septempunctata L.(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (larvae and adult) and bottom‐up effects of host nutrition on <jats:italic>Plutella xylostella</jats:italic> (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) oviposition and larval host choice. We also compare the effect of presence of intact predators, predators without mandibles, confined predators and a no predator control treatment on <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> larval growth, survival and herbivory.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Host plant nutrition influenced the host choice of adult female <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic>; no interaction was observed between bottom‐up host plant nutrition and the presence of <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> adults or larvae on oviposition or larval host choice by <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic>.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Predator presence impacted larval feeding and weight gain. The presence of free‐moving <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> adults without mandibles that could not predate <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> reduced mean leaf consumption by <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> larvae to 1.88 ± 0.21 cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> and reduced weight gain to 2.12 ± 0.16 mg. Despite differences in leaf damage and larval weight gain, survival remained consistent across the non‐consumptive treatments.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Intact <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> larvae reduced leaf damage and subsequent <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> larval weight gain. The presence of larval predators across the non‐consumptive treatments, however, had no effect on feeding damage or weight gain.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Results of our investigation indicate that <jats:italic>C. septempunctata</jats:italic> causes some non‐consumptive effects on <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> that depend on predator life stage, level of confinement and prey life stage. It is likely that <jats:italic>P. xylostella</jats:italic> responds to multi‐modal cues in predator detection.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DNA barcodes (i.e., gene sequences used as identifiers for species identification) constitute a very useful tool in invasive pest research. Using them, we studied, for the first time, the origin and population structure of the alien Cydia pomonella in Africa, a major apple pest.We sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from C. pomonella caterpillars collected in northern Algeria and compared them with DNA barcodes from the rest of the world available at public repositories.The phylogeny built upon that COI database supports the European origin of the species: haplotypes at the base of the phylogeny were registered in this continent. In Algeria, the results suggest that this pest could have been introduced from Europe, with two unique African mutations probably favoured by C. pomonella multivoltinism and large population sizes.Population genetic analyses at three Algerian localities showed neither structure nor founder effects. However, to confirm the underlying process of the observed population patterns, it is necessary to perform analyses using genes with higher mutation rates.Compared to higher resolution markers, mitochondrial DNA barcodes are still a cost‐effective tool for taxonomic determination of unknown specimens and, sometimes, may also allow a preliminary tracing of its origin. This is crucial to detect and stop the spread of invasive pests (i.e., borders). We encourage further studies including functional genes to assess whether any mutations are promoting C. pomonella adaptation to the Northern Africa environment.
DNA 条形码（即用于物种鉴定的基因序列）是入侵害虫研究中非常有用的工具。利用条形码，我们首次研究了苹果的主要害虫--非洲外来害虫Cydia pomonella的起源和种群结构。我们对在阿尔及利亚北部采集到的单胞矢车菊毛虫线粒体基因细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚单位 I（COI）片段进行了测序，并将其与公共资料库中来自世界其他地区的 DNA 条形码进行了比较。根据 COI 数据库建立的系统发育支持该物种起源于欧洲：系统发育基础上的单倍型在欧洲大陆有记录。在阿尔及利亚，研究结果表明，这种害虫可能是从欧洲引入的，其两个独特的非洲变异可能是由于 C. pomonella 的多伏性和庞大的种群规模而产生的。对阿尔及利亚三个地方的种群遗传分析表明，既没有结构效应，也没有始祖效应。不过，要确认观察到的种群模式的基本过程，有必要使用突变率较高的基因进行分析。与分辨率更高的标记物相比，线粒体 DNA 条形码仍是对未知标本进行分类鉴定的一种经济有效的工具，有时还能对标本的来源进行初步追踪。这对于检测和阻止入侵害虫（即边界害虫）的传播至关重要。我们鼓励开展包括功能基因在内的进一步研究，以评估是否有突变促进了 C. pomonella 对北非环境的适应。
{"title":"Tracing the origin of the alien pest Cydia pomonella in Algeria through a worldwide comparison of the species’ DNA barcodes","authors":"Tayeb Mahi, Abdelkader Harizia, Tara Canelo, Abdelkader Benguerai, Raul Bonal","doi":"10.1111/afe.12653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12653","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>DNA barcodes (i.e., gene sequences used as identifiers for species identification) constitute a very useful tool in invasive pest research. Using them, we studied, for the first time, the origin and population structure of the alien <jats:italic>Cydia pomonella</jats:italic> in Africa, a major apple pest.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from <jats:italic>C. pomonella</jats:italic> caterpillars collected in northern Algeria and compared them with DNA barcodes from the rest of the world available at public repositories.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>The phylogeny built upon that COI database supports the European origin of the species: haplotypes at the base of the phylogeny were registered in this continent. In Algeria, the results suggest that this pest could have been introduced from Europe, with two unique African mutations probably favoured by <jats:italic>C. pomonella</jats:italic> multivoltinism and large population sizes.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Population genetic analyses at three Algerian localities showed neither structure nor founder effects. However, to confirm the underlying process of the observed population patterns, it is necessary to perform analyses using genes with higher mutation rates.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Compared to higher resolution markers, mitochondrial DNA barcodes are still a cost‐effective tool for taxonomic determination of unknown specimens and, sometimes, may also allow a preliminary tracing of its origin. This is crucial to detect and stop the spread of invasive pests (i.e., borders). We encourage further studies including functional genes to assess whether any mutations are promoting <jats:italic>C. pomonella</jats:italic> adaptation to the Northern Africa environment.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lowbush blueberry is an important berry crop in Maine (USA), Quebec and the Maritime provinces of Canada. The other economically important crops in Maine are potato, dairy and organic mixed vegetable produce. Lowbush blueberry is a complex of 1–4 Vaccinium species, primarily dominated by Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton. All but one of the insect pest species in this crop system are native to the regions where it is managed in North America.Insect decline has been shown to be a recent global phenomenon although it has rarely been studied in agricultural ecosystems. Long‐term datasets of insect species abundances are a powerful tool for insect population trends.To determine if native insect pests have declined over the past several decades in Maine lowbush blueberry, we surveyed three native species. All surveys were conducted in commercial blueberry fields; although, none of the sample sites were sprayed with insecticides. Insect pest sampling comprised two surveys (1961–2014 and 1998–2017) conducted on the larval stage of the blueberry maggot fly (Rhagoletis mendax Curran), one survey (1981–2016) on the larval stage of the blueberry spanworm (Itame argillacearia (Packard)), and one survey (1983–2019) on the larval stage of the blueberry flea beetle (Altica sylvia Malloch).Based upon the analysis of our long‐term population‐level datasets, we found no evidence that insect decline has occurred in this native blueberry insect pest complex intimately associated with the lowbush blueberry, a native crop plant in North America, despite recent documentation of rapid climate change occurring in the lowbush blueberry production areas.
{"title":"Have native insect pests associated with a native crop in Maine declined over the past three to five decades?","authors":"F. A. Drummond, Philip Fanning, Judith Collins","doi":"10.1111/afe.12654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12654","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Lowbush blueberry is an important berry crop in Maine (USA), Quebec and the Maritime provinces of Canada. The other economically important crops in Maine are potato, dairy and organic mixed vegetable produce. Lowbush blueberry is a complex of 1–4 <jats:italic>Vaccinium</jats:italic> species, primarily dominated by <jats:italic>Vaccinium angustifolium</jats:italic> Aiton. All but one of the insect pest species in this crop system are native to the regions where it is managed in North America.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Insect decline has been shown to be a recent global phenomenon although it has rarely been studied in agricultural ecosystems. Long‐term datasets of insect species abundances are a powerful tool for insect population trends.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>To determine if native insect pests have declined over the past several decades in Maine lowbush blueberry, we surveyed three native species. All surveys were conducted in commercial blueberry fields; although, none of the sample sites were sprayed with insecticides. Insect pest sampling comprised two surveys (1961–2014 and 1998–2017) conducted on the larval stage of the blueberry maggot fly (<jats:italic>Rhagoletis mendax</jats:italic> Curran), one survey (1981–2016) on the larval stage of the blueberry spanworm (<jats:italic>Itame argillacearia</jats:italic> (Packard)), and one survey (1983–2019) on the larval stage of the blueberry flea beetle (<jats:italic>Altica sylvia</jats:italic> Malloch).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Based upon the analysis of our long‐term population‐level datasets, we found no evidence that insect decline has occurred in this native blueberry insect pest complex intimately associated with the lowbush blueberry, a native crop plant in North America, despite recent documentation of rapid climate change occurring in the lowbush blueberry production areas.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaudreault, E.S., Naujokaitis-Lewis, I., Lapen, D.R. & Sargent, R.D. (2023) Effects of neonicotinoid seed treatments on wild bee populations in soybean and corn fields in eastern Ontario. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 25(1), 53–65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12530.
The last name of the author, Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis was incorrectly spelled as ‘Naujokaititis-Lewis’. It has been corrected as ‘Naujokaitis-Lewis’.
{"title":"Correction to ‘Effects of neonicotinoid seed treatments on wild bee populations in soybean and corn fields in eastern Ontario’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/afe.12652","DOIUrl":"10.1111/afe.12652","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gaudreault, E.S., Naujokaitis-Lewis, I., Lapen, D.R. & Sargent, R.D. (2023) Effects of neonicotinoid seed treatments on wild bee populations in soybean and corn fields in eastern Ontario. <i>Agricultural and Forest Entomology</i>, 25(1), 53–65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12530.</p><p>The last name of the author, Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis was incorrectly spelled as ‘Naujokaititis-Lewis’. It has been corrected as ‘Naujokaitis-Lewis’.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"26 4","pages":"572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/afe.12652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Insects play crucial roles in nearly every ecosystem and provide a wide array of ecosystem services. However, both managed and wild insect populations face threats from parasites and pathogens, which require surveillance to mitigate.Current infectious disease surveillance methods for insects often involve invasive, time‐consuming and occasionally destructive techniques, such as manual inspections and molecular detection.Volatile organic compound (VOC) surveillance provides a real‐time, accurate and non‐invasive alternative for disease detection and has been well‐established in humans and livestock.Recent advances in sensor technology now allow for the development of in‐field VOC surveillance devices. This review explores the need for disease surveillance in insects and highlights recent advances of using VOCs for this purpose, focusing on honey bees as an example.We outline potential applications, challenges and future prospects of using VOCs for insect disease surveillance, providing examples of how this technology could be globally applied to mitigate the impacts of disease in a range of insect systems.
{"title":"The smell of infection: Disease surveillance in insects using volatile organic compounds","authors":"Ayman Asiri, Sarah E. Perkins, Carsten T. Müller","doi":"10.1111/afe.12651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12651","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Insects play crucial roles in nearly every ecosystem and provide a wide array of ecosystem services. However, both managed and wild insect populations face threats from parasites and pathogens, which require surveillance to mitigate.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Current infectious disease surveillance methods for insects often involve invasive, time‐consuming and occasionally destructive techniques, such as manual inspections and molecular detection.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Volatile organic compound (VOC) surveillance provides a real‐time, accurate and non‐invasive alternative for disease detection and has been well‐established in humans and livestock.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Recent advances in sensor technology now allow for the development of in‐field VOC surveillance devices. This review explores the need for disease surveillance in insects and highlights recent advances of using VOCs for this purpose, focusing on honey bees as an example.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We outline potential applications, challenges and future prospects of using VOCs for insect disease surveillance, providing examples of how this technology could be globally applied to mitigate the impacts of disease in a range of insect systems.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodolfo Carrara, Victoria C. Giménez Gómez, Christian Muñoz‐Escobar, Sergio Roig‐Juñent
Potential biodiversity maps (PBMs) allow the identification of areas with different potential for conservation, to support political decisions about the management and protection of biodiversity.As these maps are seldom constructed for inconspicuous species, we proposed to develop PBMs for species belonging to the Geadephaga (Coleoptera), which is a group of beetles that contributes as predators for pest suppression and other ecosystem services in forest ecosystems. Given that human activities are reducing forest integrity, we consider that it is crucial to recognize how diversity patterns of Geadephaga are related to degraded forests.We developed these maps for the Geadephaga associated with subantarctic forests considering diversity measures of species richness, specificity, and rarity to establish spatial relationships between each diversity measure and different levels of forest integrity, and to identify potential hotspots and suggest conservation priorities.Results showed a latitudinal pattern of decrease in scores on richness and specificity from north to south, but a patchy pattern of species rarity across the region. Outcomes also show that areas with high scores of diversity measures are overlapped with degraded forest, and that hotspots have a low spatial overlap between them.In this work, we provide for the first time regional PBMs at a relatively high spatial resolution of three different diversity measures for Geadephaga that inhabit subantarctic forest. These maps constitute tools that allow not only to recognize potential diversity patterns of these insects, but also to offer valuable information to be used in conservation decision‐making.
{"title":"Potential biodiversity maps of Geadephaga (Coleoptera) from subantarctic forests: Relating diversity patterns and conservation hotspots with forest integrity","authors":"Rodolfo Carrara, Victoria C. Giménez Gómez, Christian Muñoz‐Escobar, Sergio Roig‐Juñent","doi":"10.1111/afe.12650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12650","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Potential biodiversity maps (PBMs) allow the identification of areas with different potential for conservation, to support political decisions about the management and protection of biodiversity.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>As these maps are seldom constructed for inconspicuous species, we proposed to develop PBMs for species belonging to the Geadephaga (Coleoptera), which is a group of beetles that contributes as predators for pest suppression and other ecosystem services in forest ecosystems. Given that human activities are reducing forest integrity, we consider that it is crucial to recognize how diversity patterns of Geadephaga are related to degraded forests.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We developed these maps for the Geadephaga associated with subantarctic forests considering diversity measures of species richness, specificity, and rarity to establish spatial relationships between each diversity measure and different levels of forest integrity, and to identify potential hotspots and suggest conservation priorities.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Results showed a latitudinal pattern of decrease in scores on richness and specificity from north to south, but a patchy pattern of species rarity across the region. Outcomes also show that areas with high scores of diversity measures are overlapped with degraded forest, and that hotspots have a low spatial overlap between them.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>In this work, we provide for the first time regional PBMs at a relatively high spatial resolution of three different diversity measures for Geadephaga that inhabit subantarctic forest. These maps constitute tools that allow not only to recognize potential diversity patterns of these insects, but also to offer valuable information to be used in conservation decision‐making.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"176 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaëtan Seimandi‐Corda, Thomas Hood, Samantha M. Cook
Cameras are increasingly used by ecologists to study species distribution and interactions. They are mainly used to study large animals such as mammals but can also be used to record small invertebrates, including insects.Camera traps, capturing images within a specified field of view, can be used for biomonitoring and investigating insect‐related interactions, such as predation. Understanding predation on insect prey has direct implications for agriculture and conservation biology, enabling predator species identification and quantification of biological control.This review examines 28 studies published between 1988 and March 2024 focusing on the use of cameras to monitor insect predator–prey interactions, predominantly targeting agricultural pests. Studies varied in recording equipment used and tended to be spatially and temporally limited, making results difficult to generalise at larger scale.We provide an overview of equipment options, camera settings, the merits of video versus picture recording, night‐time imaging strategies, trigger mechanisms, equipment costs, and strategies for managing theft and vandalism. Additionally, we discuss avenues for improving image processing efficiency, including enhancing predator identification through artificial intelligence methods. Challenges related to limitations in the taxonomic levels of predator identification are also addressed.Finally, we offer guidelines for researchers interested in using camera technology and propose future perspectives on their use in insect conservation and biocontrol efforts.
{"title":"Understanding insect predator–prey interactions using camera trapping: A review of current research and perspectives","authors":"Gaëtan Seimandi‐Corda, Thomas Hood, Samantha M. Cook","doi":"10.1111/afe.12646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12646","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Cameras are increasingly used by ecologists to study species distribution and interactions. They are mainly used to study large animals such as mammals but can also be used to record small invertebrates, including insects.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Camera traps, capturing images within a specified field of view, can be used for biomonitoring and investigating insect‐related interactions, such as predation. Understanding predation on insect prey has direct implications for agriculture and conservation biology, enabling predator species identification and quantification of biological control.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>This review examines 28 studies published between 1988 and March 2024 focusing on the use of cameras to monitor insect predator–prey interactions, predominantly targeting agricultural pests. Studies varied in recording equipment used and tended to be spatially and temporally limited, making results difficult to generalise at larger scale.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We provide an overview of equipment options, camera settings, the merits of video versus picture recording, night‐time imaging strategies, trigger mechanisms, equipment costs, and strategies for managing theft and vandalism. Additionally, we discuss avenues for improving image processing efficiency, including enhancing predator identification through artificial intelligence methods. Challenges related to limitations in the taxonomic levels of predator identification are also addressed.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Finally, we offer guidelines for researchers interested in using camera technology and propose future perspectives on their use in insect conservation and biocontrol efforts.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Planting date impact on flowering, pollinator visitation and yield of mass flowering oilseed crops in the Northern Corn Belt","authors":"Carrie Eberle, Drew A. Scott, Frank Forcella, Russ W. Gesch, Sharon Weyers, Jane M. F. Johnson, Sharon Schneider","doi":"10.1111/afe.12644","DOIUrl":"10.1111/afe.12644","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"26 4","pages":"534-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashleigh P. Hillen, Jeremiah R. Foley, Aaron D. Gross, Albert E. Mayfield, Jacob Williams, Kang Xia, Scott M. Salom
1. The invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae (Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has spread throughout most of the range of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canandensis (L.), and the entire range of Carolina hemlock, Tsuga caroliniana (Engelman), in the United States.2. Integrated pest management (IPM) of HWA combines chemical applications with the release of biological control agents on untreated trees within the same stand. Laricobius spp., Rosenhauer (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), have been used as biological control agents of HWA since 2003 and have subterranean and arboreal life phases that are synchronous with HWA's lifecycle. When utilizing IPM tactics, there is potential for Laricobius spp. to settle below an insecticide‐treated tree for its subterranean phase.3. Field investigations assessed the impact of historical (five years post treatment in 2017) and recent imidacloprid soil treatments (via soil injection, soil drench, and tablet in November 2020) on the subterranean survivorship of Laricobius spp. by quantifying concentrations of imidacloprid and its metabolites to determine its potential impact on percent adult emergence from the soil.4. We observed a significant treatment effect on mean soil concentration among application methods at the recent treatment site, but not the historical treatment site. Additionally, at the more recently treated site, significantly lower mean percent emergence was observed from soil drench and tablet imidacloprid applications after one year (2021), but by the following year (2022), that effect was no longer present.5. This study supports recent recommendations to delay releases of Laricobius spp. for one‐year post‐treatment with imidacloprid. Furthermore, these data suggest when applying imidacloprid to a stand established with Laricobius spp., soil injection techniques pose the least risk to their subterranean survivorship.
{"title":"The impact of imidacloprid on the subterranean survivorship of Laricobius (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), a biological control agent of Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae)","authors":"Ashleigh P. Hillen, Jeremiah R. Foley, Aaron D. Gross, Albert E. Mayfield, Jacob Williams, Kang Xia, Scott M. Salom","doi":"10.1111/afe.12647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12647","url":null,"abstract":"1. The invasive hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), <jats:italic>Adelges tsugae</jats:italic> (Annand) (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), has spread throughout most of the range of eastern hemlock, <jats:italic>Tsuga canandensis</jats:italic> (L.), and the entire range of Carolina hemlock, <jats:italic>Tsuga caroliniana</jats:italic> (Engelman), in the United States.2. Integrated pest management (IPM) of HWA combines chemical applications with the release of biological control agents on untreated trees within the same stand. <jats:italic>Laricobius</jats:italic> spp., Rosenhauer (Coleoptera: Derodontidae), have been used as biological control agents of HWA since 2003 and have subterranean and arboreal life phases that are synchronous with HWA's lifecycle. When utilizing IPM tactics, there is potential for <jats:italic>Laricobius</jats:italic> spp. to settle below an insecticide‐treated tree for its subterranean phase.3. Field investigations assessed the impact of historical (five years post treatment in 2017) and recent imidacloprid soil treatments (via soil injection, soil drench, and tablet in November 2020) on the subterranean survivorship of <jats:italic>Laricobius</jats:italic> spp. by quantifying concentrations of imidacloprid and its metabolites to determine its potential impact on percent adult emergence from the soil.4. We observed a significant treatment effect on mean soil concentration among application methods at the recent treatment site, but not the historical treatment site. Additionally, at the more recently treated site, significantly lower mean percent emergence was observed from soil drench and tablet imidacloprid applications after one year (2021), but by the following year (2022), that effect was no longer present.5. This study supports recent recommendations to delay releases of <jats:italic>Laricobius</jats:italic> spp. for one‐year post‐treatment with imidacloprid. Furthermore, these data suggest when applying imidacloprid to a stand established with <jats:italic>Laricobius</jats:italic> spp., soil injection techniques pose the least risk to their subterranean survivorship.","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
已被确认为全球入侵害虫的秋虫（Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)）已严重威胁到印度的农业生产和粮食安全。为了在新的入侵栖息地针对蚜虫制定生态友好型害虫综合治理策略，了解该害虫的繁殖参数和危害潜力至关重要。本文研究了玉米（Zea mays L.）、爆米花（Zea mays everta Sturt）、甜玉米（Zea mays saccharata Sturt）、高粱（Sorghum bicolor (L.)）和大豆（Glycine max (L.) Merr.）这五种寄主作物对笛琶蝽发育和食物消耗的影响。利用计算机模拟绘制了基于生命表和消耗率的不同寄主上的种群预测曲线。食蚜蝇在爆米花（28.02 天）、玉米（28.04 天）和甜玉米（28.31 天）上成虫前发育最快，而在大豆（34.83 天）上发育最慢。玉米上的净繁殖率、内在增长率和有限增长率最高。玉米上 S. frugiperda 的摄食潜力也最高。第六龄幼虫在玉米上的消耗量最大（19470.47 平方毫米），而在大豆上的消耗量最小（9033.67 平方毫米）。在 90 天的模拟期内，预计玉米、爆米花和甜玉米上的 S. frugiperda 生长最快，而大豆上的生长最慢。在非玉米寄主（高粱和大豆）上的幼虫和蛹存活率很高，这表明秋绵虫可能会阻碍它们的生产以及玉米-大豆间作系统的成功。基于龄期和双性生命表的模拟有助于预测施用杀虫剂的最合适时间，也有助于增加释放卵和幼虫寄生虫来控制秋绵虫。
{"title":"Linking demography and food consumption to project population growth and damage potential of Spodoptera frugiperda in India","authors":"Shubham Sharma, Prem Lal Sharma, Subhash Chander Verma, Deepika Sharma, Manju Devi, Nidhi Sharma, Priyanka Sharma, Shikha Thakur, Prajjval Sharma","doi":"10.1111/afe.12648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/afe.12648","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":7454,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Entomology","volume":"26 4","pages":"555-571"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142209397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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