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Size of emerald ash borer in North Carolina, USA: Preliminary evidence for a sawtooth cline? 美国北卡罗莱纳州白蜡蛀虫的规模:锯齿线的初步证据?
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12598
Christine A. Nalepa, G. Ryan Bohannon, Kelly L. F. Oten

我们验证了Marshall等人(2013)的假设,即在美国,绿绿色灰螟虫(Agrilus planipennis, EAB)的体型存在反向伯格曼斜长,在最南端的纬度(37°N)采集到的雌虫最大(= 12.6 mm长)。2020年,我们在北卡罗莱纳州(NC)位于35.64°N的地点采用了三种技术(紫色棱镜诱捕器[PPTs], log emergence, Cerceris fumipennis生物监测)采集EAB。该研究于2021年重复进行,但用绿色漏斗陷阱取代了log emergence。此外,还测定了三种不同海拔地区富米彭氏库蚊所采集的EAB。总体而言,2020年收集的EAB平均为12.02毫米,从测井曲线中产生的EAB明显小于从ppt中产生的EAB。3个海拔点采集到的雌蚊体长差异不显著,平均为12.01 mm。2021年捕集器、诱集器和烟纹库蚊雌虫数量差异不显著,均大于2020年(= 12.41 mm);从2020年的数据集中剔除较小的log -出现的EAB并没有改变结果。在37°N时,NC的平均EAB尺寸从未达到报道的12.6 mm,无论测试的技术或海拔。我们扩大了研究EAB体大小的纬度范围,可能会将提出的反向伯格曼斜向转变为锯齿状或其他非线性模型,这可能与EAB在NC纬度或附近的voltinism转变有关。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the abundance and diversity of sawflies (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) within commercial Sitka spruce plantation forests in mid-Wales 调查威尔士中部商业锡特卡云杉人工林中锯蝇(膜翅目,Symphyta)的丰度和多样性
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12591
A. Enston, D. T. Williams

锡特卡云杉在英国是一种广泛种植且具有重要经济意义的树种;因此,识别未来对其生产力的任何生物或非生物威胁都很重要。落叶昆虫被广泛认为是主要的森林干扰因子,其中可能包括锯蝇(Symphyta),众所周知,锯蝇的种群密度很高,会导致重大的疫情爆发,导致树木死亡或影响生长。本研究的目的是调查海拔范围内锡特卡云杉林中锯蝇的丰度和多样性,并评估是否存在任何潜在的重要物种。在威尔士中部的两个商业林场建立了试验区,并使用黄盘诱捕器对成年锯蝇群落进行了为期3年的评估。在这3年的时间里,共捕获了60种锯蝇,占英国已知锯蝇物种的11%以上。结果表明,在海拔较低、温度较高的地区,锯蝇的丰度和多样性普遍较高。在这项研究中捕获的最丰富的锯蝇物种是著名的落叶物种,山地云杉锯蝇(Epicenematus montanus),在哈夫伦森林的低海拔地区发现的数量特别多。实验区还捕获了另外七种与云杉相关的锯蝇。该研究强调了一些与云杉相关的著名锯蝇物种(E.montanus和Pristiphora spp.)的存在,其中一些物种在欧洲造成了云杉(Picea)物种的严重落叶。这些锯蝇在低海拔地区的丰度普遍较高,这表明锡特卡云杉在未来可能更容易受到锯蝇爆发引起的落叶事件的影响,尤其是在考虑到目前预测的气候变化预测时。
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引用次数: 0
Local and landscape context affects bee communities in mixed fruit orchards in Southern Thailand 当地和景观环境影响泰国南部混合果园的蜜蜂群落
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12597
Suntaree Karnchananiyom, Kanuengnit Wayo, Tuanjit Sritongchuay, Natapot Warrit, Korrawat Attasopa, Sara Bumrungsri

蜜蜂对多种作物和野生植物的授粉起着重要作用。然而,蜜蜂受到城市化和农业集约化导致的森林砍伐和栖息地退化的威胁,这减少了花卉和筑巢资源。在本研究中,从沿景观复杂性梯度分布的28个成熟果园中,确定了当地(果园大小、开花植物丰度和丰富度以及花卉丰度)和景观因素(周围的农业、森林和城市覆盖)对混合果园蜜蜂丰富度和丰富度的影响。蜜蜂被观察了15天 2分钟 × 2. m个地块。我们将所有蜜蜂分为三组:(a)蜜蜂,(b)独居蜜蜂和(c)无刺蜜蜂。发现一些当地和景观因素会影响蜜蜂的丰富度和丰度。蜜蜂丰富度受果园大小的正向影响,而蜜蜂丰富度则不受影响。无刺蜂的丰富度和丰富度与花的丰富度呈正相关。半径3公里范围内的森林覆盖对独居蜜蜂的丰富度产生了积极影响。孤立蜂的数量受到半径3公里范围内森林覆盖的积极影响,而受到半径1.5公里范围内城市覆盖的消极影响。在我们的研究区域,发现了大量的小森林斑块;因此,相对于森林内部,森林边缘的高比例极大地支持了该景观中孤独蜜蜂的丰富性。此外,大多数独居蜜蜂都是在土壤中筑巢的物种,可能被排除在从自然发展到人类进化的环境之外。保护传粉昆虫的建议包括保护现有的森林斑块,特别是森林边缘;恢复农田景观中的森林斑块;在混合果园内保持草本植物和草的多样性;建立由多种植物组成的活栅栏,并将枯树保留在农田内。对于城市地区,建议增加绿地中的花卉资源。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting crop injury caused by flea beetles in spring oilseed rape through pest monitoring in the autumn 通过秋季害虫监测预测春油菜跳蚤甲虫对作物的伤害
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12596
Fabian A. Boetzl, Carol Högfeldt, Gerard Malsher, Mattias Jonsson, Velemir Ninkovic, Roland Sigvald, Ola Lundin

可靠地预测虫害损害将使农民能够在不造成经济损失的情况下减少杀虫剂的使用,从而有助于农业的可持续性。然而,缺乏预测害虫严重程度的手段。利用22年的吸虫捕集法,结合293个大田的作物取食伤害数据,对前一季的蚤虫密度是否可以预测春油菜中蚤虫的取食伤害进行了评价。结果表明,前一年夏秋活动期条跳甲蚤密度与次年春油菜虫害呈极显著正相关。研究区秋季天气或春油菜总盖度均未进一步提高预测精度。因此,利用吸力捕集器进行虫害监测是一种很有前途的工具,可以预测作物取食伤害,并在虫害压力较低的年份减少杀虫剂的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the Coleoptera community at the tree-line using taxonomic and functional guild approaches 使用分类学和功能公会方法了解树木线上的鞘翅目群落
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12589
Jamie Dinkins Bookwalter, Berta Caballero-López, Roberto Molowny-Horas, Bernat Claramunt-López
Mountain species are at the forefront of climate change disruption, and montane saproxylic Coleoptera are facing large‐ and small‐scale changes in their surroundings. Saproxylic Coleoptera are both functionally and taxonomically diverse and are the representatives of an imperilled fauna confronted with the realities of a changing landscape. Understanding the effects of elevation and other forest characteristics on saproxylic and non‐saproxylic Coleoptera is a step towards predicting the future of taxonomic and functional group biodiversity at the tree‐line and on mountains. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of elevation and other forest characteristics on the biodiversity of montane Coleoptera at the tree‐line using both taxonomic and functional feeding guild classifications. Our results suggest that abundance of saprotrophs is closely linked to the density of large trees rather than the volume of wood. Edge effects and elevation seem to drive abundance patterns of some species and also influence taxonomic and functional guild community patterns differently. Finally, we discuss the implications of climate change and land abandonment to future Coleoptera community structure.
山地物种处于气候变化破坏的前沿,山地腐叶鞘翅目正面临着周围环境的大范围和小范围变化。Saproxylic鞘翅目在功能和分类学上都是多样化的,是面临不断变化的现实的濒危动物群的代表。了解海拔和其他森林特征对腐叶和非腐叶鞘翅目的影响,是预测树木线和山脉分类学和功能群生物多样性未来的一步。本研究的目的是使用分类学和功能性喂养协会分类,研究海拔和其他森林特征对山地鞘翅目树系生物多样性的影响。我们的研究结果表明,腐生物的丰度与大树的密度密切相关,而不是与木材的体积密切相关。边缘效应和海拔似乎驱动了一些物种的丰度模式,也对分类学和功能性行会群落模式产生了不同的影响。最后,我们讨论了气候变化和土地废弃对未来鞘翅目群落结构的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Population genetic diversity in Nezara viridula by analysis of mitochondrial control region sequences 利用线粒体控制区序列分析病毒Nezara群体遗传多样性
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12592
Alicia R. Pérez de Rosas, Beatriz A. García

在这里,我们使用线粒体控制区序列研究了阿根廷农业害虫Nezara viridula种群的遗传多样性和传播模式。对照区1837个碱基对的DNA序列比较揭示了由总共108个可变位点确定的60个单倍型。观察到的总单倍型多样性(Hd)值为0.99,根据π和θW,核苷酸多样性分别为0.00423和0.00571。高单倍型多样性和低核苷酸多样性,以及中性测试和单峰错配分布,表明来自阿根廷的N.viridula种群最近有所扩大。这种昆虫数量的增加可能是由于该国最近农业的扩张和大豆种植的集约化。没有检测到显著水平的遗传分化,这表明基因流动主导了遗传漂移。此外,贝叶斯个体分配分析显示,所有种群都有共同的祖先。大豆种植区的生长很可能产生了稳定和连续的栖息地,使病毒N.viridula种群之间的基因流动。人口统计学历史分析结果表明,绿色猪笼草的迁移方向与阿根廷大豆作物的生长模式有关。
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引用次数: 0
Pasture diet of cattle contributes to the reproductive success of dung beetles 牛的牧场饮食有助于甲虫繁殖成功
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-13 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12590
T. Heddle, Z. Hemmings, A. Burns, N. R. Andrew

牛的饮食对粪的质量和屎壳郎的繁殖能力起着至关重要的作用。本研究研究了三种牧草类型(改良原生牧草、牧草燕麦和间种黑麦/三叶草)对双食Onthophagus binodis、非洲Euoniticellus africanus和中间Euoniticellus intermedius的粪便质量、育仔数和繁殖产量(以育仔大小(干重和椭球体积)、发育时间和F1子代大小(甲虫长度和前角宽度)的影响。黑麦/三叶草来源的粪便中氮含量高于改良的本地燕麦和饲草燕麦。改良土源粪便的碳、能、有机质、pH和不溶性非淀粉多糖含量最高,而饲用燕麦的含量最低。牧草燕麦的水分、灰分和可溶性非淀粉多糖含量均高于其他牧草。草地类型对子代长度也有影响,黑麦/三叶草来源的粪便中,雌性中间姬鼠、雄性和雌性野姬鼠的子代长度分别比饲草燕麦粪便长11.4%、11.2%和7.3%。黑麦/三叶草粪生产的O. binodis F1后代的前角宽度比饲料燕麦宽9.8%。黑麦/三叶草和改良的土产粪为屎壳郎的繁殖提供了较好的资源。基于本研究,在评估繁殖能力和后代测量时,牛的日粮是重要的考虑因素。由于在众多种类和组合中只调查了三种牧草类型,因此应进一步调查牛的日粮。
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引用次数: 0
Floral strips adjacent to Manitoba crop fields attract beneficial insects shortly after establishment regardless of management type or landscape context 马尼托巴省农田附近的花带在建立后不久就吸引了有益的昆虫,无论管理类型或景观背景如何
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12595
Michael F. Killewald, A. C. Costamagna, Y. Lawley, R. H. Gulden, J. Gibbs

昆虫为农业提供了宝贵的生态系统服务,但这些地区的昆虫数量往往较低。我们在曼尼托巴省南部的八块有机农田和七块传统农田的边缘建立了花带。然后,我们比较了花带中地甲虫、同翅苍蝇和蜜蜂的捕获率;控制(未修改的)场边缘;附近的半天然场地;以及在距离田地边界六个距离的地带和控制田地内(5-150 m) 。研究了农场管理和景观环境对昆虫丰度、多样性和相关物种特征的影响。花带内蜜蜂和甲虫的捕获率明显高于对照处理。然而,在对照组中,同啡肽的捕获率明显更高。甲虫和蜜蜂对开花的forb覆盖和边缘密度有积极的反应(0.5 km),而正啡肽对无回报农业的反应是积极的,对半自然地区的反应是消极的(1 km)。我们发现有机管理类型和传统管理类型之间的昆虫丰度或多样性没有显著差异,田间昆虫丰度也没有差异。昆虫特征和景观变量之间没有发现显著的关联。这些结果表明,花条在建立后不久就能有效地吸引地甲虫和蜜蜂,但这些群落的功能与对照田中的群落相似。需要进行纵向研究,以确定在有花带的田地里,种群是否会随着时间的推移而继续增加,并变得更加多样化。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of trap type and attractant composition for potential mass trapping of Hylobius abietis 小龙虾潜在质量诱捕的诱捕器类型和引诱剂组成的评价
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12593
Tobias Heber, Christiane E. Helbig, Sören Osmers, Maike Larquette, Michael G. Müller

在德国东部的三个研究地点,对不同的诱捕器类型和引诱剂成分进行了测试,目的是吸引尽可能多的小海螺个体,同时确保小海螺科非目标物种的副渔获物最少。结果表明,基于Nordlander(1987,《斯堪的纳维亚森林研究杂志》,2199-213)的模型,改良的陷阱是最有效的陷阱类型,具有高度的选择性和最小的生态副作用。改良的Nordlander诱捕器适合作为综合害虫管理工具进行潜在的大面积诱捕。两项测试不同引诱剂成分的现场试验表明,(−)-α-蒎烯和乙醇的简单引诱剂组合与其他更复杂的组合一样有效,因此更适合大规模诱捕。在(−)‐α‐蒎烯和乙醇的组合中添加单萜类化合物camphene、Δ‐3‐carene、ocimene和萜品油烯并没有显著增加捕获数量。虽然建议对大规模诱捕对再生损伤的影响进行进一步研究,但大麻的诱捕数量表明,通过诱捕减少当地大麻种群是可能的。
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引用次数: 0
Contact chemoreceptive mate recognition in Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Mediación de la quimiorrecepción por contacto en el apareamiento en Cerambyx welensii Küster (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Cerambyx welensi-Küster中的接触化学感受性伴侣识别(鞘翅目:天牛科)介导Cerambyx welensi-Küster交配中的接触化学感受性(鞘翅目:天牛科)
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-16 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12584
Israel Sánchez-Osorio, Gloria López-Pantoja, Luis Domínguez, María R. López-Manzano, Gloria Rosell, Ángel Guerrero

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引用次数: 0
期刊
Agricultural and Forest Entomology
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