Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192883
Robert S. Gutzwiller, Madison Gilbert, T. J. Drescher, Kimberly J. Ferguson-Walter, Noella Mikanda, Craig J. Johnson, Dakota D. Scott
In this paper we examine data from a complex two-day experiment with professional cyber red teamers to determine what creates, or contributes, to affective states that may further disrupt attackers. Participants rated their frustration, surprise, confidence, self-doubt, and confusion at the end of each day, and these responses were scored on a Likert scale and using Thematic analysis. We found several elements strongly contributed to the frequency and severity of these affective states, supporting our initial hypothesis, and further that (1) experiencing a Lack of Progress impacted four of the five states with moderate severity, and (2) interacting with elements in the environment that Deviated from what was expected was associated strongly with surprise. Implications for cyber defense and limitations of the method are discussed.
{"title":"Frustration, Confusion, Surprise, Confidence, And Self-Doubt: Cyber Operators’ Affects During A Realistic Experiment","authors":"Robert S. Gutzwiller, Madison Gilbert, T. J. Drescher, Kimberly J. Ferguson-Walter, Noella Mikanda, Craig J. Johnson, Dakota D. Scott","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192883","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we examine data from a complex two-day experiment with professional cyber red teamers to determine what creates, or contributes, to affective states that may further disrupt attackers. Participants rated their frustration, surprise, confidence, self-doubt, and confusion at the end of each day, and these responses were scored on a Likert scale and using Thematic analysis. We found several elements strongly contributed to the frequency and severity of these affective states, supporting our initial hypothesis, and further that (1) experiencing a Lack of Progress impacted four of the five states with moderate severity, and (2) interacting with elements in the environment that Deviated from what was expected was associated strongly with surprise. Implications for cyber defense and limitations of the method are discussed.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"31 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135216892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192703
Carly Ngo, Claudia Ziegler Acemyan, Philip Kortum
This study evaluated people’s perceived usability of warning signs and labels using the System Usability Scale (SUS), to understand how textual and visual factors of warnings contribute to SUS scores. 30 warning signs/labels across various industries were selected and 135 participants evaluated these warnings on their usability and familiarity. Each warning’s textual and visual complexity was also assessed. The resulting SUS scores for the warnings covered a broad range (min = 26.1, max = 92.4). Familiarity with the system and the number of words on the warning significantly correlated with SUS scores. Warnings with higher lexical density, a measure of how informative a written text is, related to higher SUS scores. There was no significant relationship between warnings’ visual complexity and SUS scores. The results suggest that the SUS might prove to be a simple and useful way to measure the usability of warnings.
{"title":"Evaluating the Usability of Common Warnings across Industries Using the System Usability Scale","authors":"Carly Ngo, Claudia Ziegler Acemyan, Philip Kortum","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192703","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated people’s perceived usability of warning signs and labels using the System Usability Scale (SUS), to understand how textual and visual factors of warnings contribute to SUS scores. 30 warning signs/labels across various industries were selected and 135 participants evaluated these warnings on their usability and familiarity. Each warning’s textual and visual complexity was also assessed. The resulting SUS scores for the warnings covered a broad range (min = 26.1, max = 92.4). Familiarity with the system and the number of words on the warning significantly correlated with SUS scores. Warnings with higher lexical density, a measure of how informative a written text is, related to higher SUS scores. There was no significant relationship between warnings’ visual complexity and SUS scores. The results suggest that the SUS might prove to be a simple and useful way to measure the usability of warnings.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"34 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135217116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231193690
Christina A. Simmons, Patrice D. Tremoulet, George D. Lecakes, Garret J. Williams, Amanda S Almon, Shreekanth Mandayam
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently engage in severe destructive behavior that presents significant risks to themselves and others, poses substantial barriers to community integration, and results in high familial and societal financial impact. Despite the efficacy of behavior analytic (BA) interventions for decreasing destructive behavior, to produce meaningful outcomes in the natural environment, treatment effects must transfer to parents. Parents often experience in-person training barriers, such as time, financial burden, transportation, and childcare, as well as concerns with the quality of training delivered, such as unrealistic and uncomfortable training with therapists. This paper presents preliminary results from a pilot test of a prototype of a virtual reality parent training tool intended to reduce access and quality barriers for parents with children with ASD who engage in severe destructive behavior.
{"title":"User-Centered Development and Pilot Test of a Virtual Reality Training Prototype for Parents of Children with Autism","authors":"Christina A. Simmons, Patrice D. Tremoulet, George D. Lecakes, Garret J. Williams, Amanda S Almon, Shreekanth Mandayam","doi":"10.1177/21695067231193690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231193690","url":null,"abstract":"Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently engage in severe destructive behavior that presents significant risks to themselves and others, poses substantial barriers to community integration, and results in high familial and societal financial impact. Despite the efficacy of behavior analytic (BA) interventions for decreasing destructive behavior, to produce meaningful outcomes in the natural environment, treatment effects must transfer to parents. Parents often experience in-person training barriers, such as time, financial burden, transportation, and childcare, as well as concerns with the quality of training delivered, such as unrealistic and uncomfortable training with therapists. This paper presents preliminary results from a pilot test of a prototype of a virtual reality parent training tool intended to reduce access and quality barriers for parents with children with ASD who engage in severe destructive behavior.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192899
Philip J. Smith, Tanya Yuditsky, Bart Brickman
Air traffic flow management is supported by a highly distributed work system in which airline dispatchers and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) traffic managers must coordinate. To support asynchronous coordination between a dispatcher and a traffic manager, the FAA has developed software that allows the flight operators to submit multiple, prioritized alternative flight plans. This set of alternative flight plans, submitted along with a filed route, is referred to as a Trajectory Option Set (TOS). And some airlines have now developed initial versions of software capable of generating and submitting such TOSs. This paper reports on cognitive walkthroughs with 5 dispatchers and 3 traffic managers on 5 scenarios designed to evaluate the operational concept, procedures and supporting FAA and airline software. The findings provide guidance for application of the concept of collaborative constraint propagation to support distributed work, as well as 42 recommendations for enhancing associated procedures and supporting software designs.
{"title":"Use of Trajectory Option Sets to Support Collaborative Constraint Propagation","authors":"Philip J. Smith, Tanya Yuditsky, Bart Brickman","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192899","url":null,"abstract":"Air traffic flow management is supported by a highly distributed work system in which airline dispatchers and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) traffic managers must coordinate. To support asynchronous coordination between a dispatcher and a traffic manager, the FAA has developed software that allows the flight operators to submit multiple, prioritized alternative flight plans. This set of alternative flight plans, submitted along with a filed route, is referred to as a Trajectory Option Set (TOS). And some airlines have now developed initial versions of software capable of generating and submitting such TOSs. This paper reports on cognitive walkthroughs with 5 dispatchers and 3 traffic managers on 5 scenarios designed to evaluate the operational concept, procedures and supporting FAA and airline software. The findings provide guidance for application of the concept of collaborative constraint propagation to support distributed work, as well as 42 recommendations for enhancing associated procedures and supporting software designs.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"84 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231200874
Connor Wurst, Huei-Yen Winnie Chen, Robert Wahler, Kelly Tenzek, Ranjit Singh, Matthew Cosmai, Alexandria Wahler, Scott Monte
Deprescription is the process by which a physician supervises a patient’s withdrawal or dose reduction of a given medication due to side effects or diminishing efficacy. Prior studies on the process of deprescription have resulted in a number of models, two of which are used in this pilot study alongside the decision ladder to construct a novel analytic method. Initial findings indicate that this approach can offer unique insight into the deprescription process, particularly regarding the paths physicians take through the decision making process and when certain factors are most important. These early results are limited but lay the foundation for a rich variety of future work.
{"title":"Control Task Analysis of the Deprescription Process: A Pilot Study","authors":"Connor Wurst, Huei-Yen Winnie Chen, Robert Wahler, Kelly Tenzek, Ranjit Singh, Matthew Cosmai, Alexandria Wahler, Scott Monte","doi":"10.1177/21695067231200874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231200874","url":null,"abstract":"Deprescription is the process by which a physician supervises a patient’s withdrawal or dose reduction of a given medication due to side effects or diminishing efficacy. Prior studies on the process of deprescription have resulted in a number of models, two of which are used in this pilot study alongside the decision ladder to construct a novel analytic method. Initial findings indicate that this approach can offer unique insight into the deprescription process, particularly regarding the paths physicians take through the decision making process and when certain factors are most important. These early results are limited but lay the foundation for a rich variety of future work.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"6 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192932
Sunwook Kim, Albert Moore, Aanuoluwapo Ojelade, Nancy Gutierrez, Carisa Harris-Adamson, Alan Barr, Divya Srinivasan, Maury A. Nussbaum
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) remain an important heath concern for construction workers. Occupational exoskeletons (EXOs) are a new ergonomic intervention to control WMSD risk, yet their adoption has been low in construction. We explored contributing factors to EXO use-intention, by building a decision tree to predict the intention to try an exoskeleton using responses to an online survey. Variable selection and hyperparameter tuning were used respectively to reduce the number of potential predictors, and for a better prediction performance. Performance was assessed using four common metrics. The importance of variables in the final tree was calculated to understand which variable had a greater influence. The final tree had moderate prediction performance. Important variables identified were associated with opinions on EXO use, demographics, job demands, and perceived potential risks. The key influential variables were EXOs becoming standard equipment and fatigue reduction with EXO use. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.
{"title":"A data-driven approach to understand factors contributing to exoskeleton use-intention in construction","authors":"Sunwook Kim, Albert Moore, Aanuoluwapo Ojelade, Nancy Gutierrez, Carisa Harris-Adamson, Alan Barr, Divya Srinivasan, Maury A. Nussbaum","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192932","url":null,"abstract":"Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) remain an important heath concern for construction workers. Occupational exoskeletons (EXOs) are a new ergonomic intervention to control WMSD risk, yet their adoption has been low in construction. We explored contributing factors to EXO use-intention, by building a decision tree to predict the intention to try an exoskeleton using responses to an online survey. Variable selection and hyperparameter tuning were used respectively to reduce the number of potential predictors, and for a better prediction performance. Performance was assessed using four common metrics. The importance of variables in the final tree was calculated to understand which variable had a greater influence. The final tree had moderate prediction performance. Important variables identified were associated with opinions on EXO use, demographics, job demands, and perceived potential risks. The key influential variables were EXOs becoming standard equipment and fatigue reduction with EXO use. Practical implications of the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"35 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192911
Alexandra T. Watral, Abby Morley, Robert Pastel, Kevin M. Trewartha
Current laboratory approaches to measuring motor learning are not accessible to all populations, limiting research about developmental processes and medical conditions that impact motor control. We recently created a web-based application remote assessment of visuomotor adaptation, a gold-standard approach to studying motor learning. Previously, we validated this application in younger and older adults. However, preliminary analyses suggested that the input device (mouse or trackpad) may have impacted performance. The current study directly evaluated performance differences in younger adults using the application with a mouse compared to a trackpad. Results showed no statistically significant differences in learning curves or movement times between groups, but reaction time was significantly faster in mouse users. While the input device had very little impact on motor learning, slower reaction time when using a trackpad may be related to increased cognitive demands or reduced movement efficiency compared to using a mouse for this task.
{"title":"Comparing mouse versus trackpad input in a web-based app for assessing motor learning","authors":"Alexandra T. Watral, Abby Morley, Robert Pastel, Kevin M. Trewartha","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192911","url":null,"abstract":"Current laboratory approaches to measuring motor learning are not accessible to all populations, limiting research about developmental processes and medical conditions that impact motor control. We recently created a web-based application remote assessment of visuomotor adaptation, a gold-standard approach to studying motor learning. Previously, we validated this application in younger and older adults. However, preliminary analyses suggested that the input device (mouse or trackpad) may have impacted performance. The current study directly evaluated performance differences in younger adults using the application with a mouse compared to a trackpad. Results showed no statistically significant differences in learning curves or movement times between groups, but reaction time was significantly faster in mouse users. While the input device had very little impact on motor learning, slower reaction time when using a trackpad may be related to increased cognitive demands or reduced movement efficiency compared to using a mouse for this task.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"4 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192927
Liam Kettle, Kayla M. G. Herrera, Pawinee Pithayarungsarit, Kassidy L. Simpson, Yi-Ching Lee
Vehicle manufacturers are advancing their automated driving system (ADS) capabilities with enhanced transparency features. Research supports driving assistants (DA) and augmented reality (AR) displays for conveying the ADS status, actions, and road environment elements. However, providing continuous or irrelevant information degrades driving performance and attitudes towards the ADS. Therefore, the current study sought to create a framework for specific communication features that would enhance drivers’ trust and situation awareness via DA and AR stimuli. Participants watched various driving scenarios and provided their desired communication features to improve trust and situation awareness across modalities. Results identified key themes consistent across events (i.e., current/intended vehicle actions) as well as context-dependent themes such as police presence or pedestrian detection and location. In contrast, auditory cues were identified as redundant across events. These findings can support researchers to focus on relevant information to enhance drivers’ attitudes, awareness, and safety while operating ADS-equipped vehicles.
{"title":"A Framework of Vehicle-Human Communication Features at Traffic Intersections to Enhance Trust and Situation Awareness","authors":"Liam Kettle, Kayla M. G. Herrera, Pawinee Pithayarungsarit, Kassidy L. Simpson, Yi-Ching Lee","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192927","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle manufacturers are advancing their automated driving system (ADS) capabilities with enhanced transparency features. Research supports driving assistants (DA) and augmented reality (AR) displays for conveying the ADS status, actions, and road environment elements. However, providing continuous or irrelevant information degrades driving performance and attitudes towards the ADS. Therefore, the current study sought to create a framework for specific communication features that would enhance drivers’ trust and situation awareness via DA and AR stimuli. Participants watched various driving scenarios and provided their desired communication features to improve trust and situation awareness across modalities. Results identified key themes consistent across events (i.e., current/intended vehicle actions) as well as context-dependent themes such as police presence or pedestrian detection and location. In contrast, auditory cues were identified as redundant across events. These findings can support researchers to focus on relevant information to enhance drivers’ attitudes, awareness, and safety while operating ADS-equipped vehicles.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"6 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192639
Jiabei Wu, Jiachen Jiang, Vincent Duffy, Jue Zhou, Yaobin Chen, Renran Tian, Dan McCoy, Taylor Ruble
Effective speed management in transition areas is crucial. Although numerous studies have proposed countermeasures to ensure driving safety, little research has been conducted on identifying effective and low-cost countermeasures for speed management when transitioning from rural roads to small towns. This study proposes two countermeasures: roadside vegetation and change in lane width and investigates the impact of these countermeasures on speed management performance in this context using a driving simulator experiment. Thirty participants completed eight scenarios, and countermeasures were evaluated based on stabilized speed, minimum speed, and in-town average speed. Results showed that stabilized speed and minimum speed decreased significantly in the combination of narrow lane and different vegetation designs compared to the baseline. Post-countermeasure in-town average speed didn’t decrease significantly in all scenarios. These findings suggest that roadside vegetations and narrow lane width can be effective for speed management in the transition from rural roads to small towns.
{"title":"Impacts of Roadside Vegetation and Lane Width on Speed Management in Rural Roads","authors":"Jiabei Wu, Jiachen Jiang, Vincent Duffy, Jue Zhou, Yaobin Chen, Renran Tian, Dan McCoy, Taylor Ruble","doi":"10.1177/21695067231192639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231192639","url":null,"abstract":"Effective speed management in transition areas is crucial. Although numerous studies have proposed countermeasures to ensure driving safety, little research has been conducted on identifying effective and low-cost countermeasures for speed management when transitioning from rural roads to small towns. This study proposes two countermeasures: roadside vegetation and change in lane width and investigates the impact of these countermeasures on speed management performance in this context using a driving simulator experiment. Thirty participants completed eight scenarios, and countermeasures were evaluated based on stabilized speed, minimum speed, and in-town average speed. Results showed that stabilized speed and minimum speed decreased significantly in the combination of narrow lane and different vegetation designs compared to the baseline. Post-countermeasure in-town average speed didn’t decrease significantly in all scenarios. These findings suggest that roadside vegetations and narrow lane width can be effective for speed management in the transition from rural roads to small towns.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"38 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1177/21695067231194987
Anjnesh Sharma, Na Du
This study utilized a recently released crash dataset of Level 3 automated vehicles (AVs) made publicly available by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The primary objective was to investigate various crash types and identify factors that influence crash severity. To achieve this, we employed a lightweight Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline to automatically extract relevant information from crash narratives and categorized the crashes into 15 distinct types. By analyzing the dependency triples derived from the crash narrative using the Stanford CoreNLP library, we determined the similarity between each narrative and the predefined categories. Our findings highlight safety-critical crash scenarios based on real-world data encompassing diverse operational design domains (ODDs), revealing a statistically significant impact of lighting conditions on crash severity. These results contribute to a better understanding of AV crashes and provide valuable insights to enhance the safe testing, integration, and development of AVs in real-world environments.
{"title":"Exploratory Analysis of Automated Vehicle Crashes Using an NLP Pipeline","authors":"Anjnesh Sharma, Na Du","doi":"10.1177/21695067231194987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21695067231194987","url":null,"abstract":"This study utilized a recently released crash dataset of Level 3 automated vehicles (AVs) made publicly available by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). The primary objective was to investigate various crash types and identify factors that influence crash severity. To achieve this, we employed a lightweight Natural Language Processing (NLP) pipeline to automatically extract relevant information from crash narratives and categorized the crashes into 15 distinct types. By analyzing the dependency triples derived from the crash narrative using the Stanford CoreNLP library, we determined the similarity between each narrative and the predefined categories. Our findings highlight safety-critical crash scenarios based on real-world data encompassing diverse operational design domains (ODDs), revealing a statistically significant impact of lighting conditions on crash severity. These results contribute to a better understanding of AV crashes and provide valuable insights to enhance the safe testing, integration, and development of AVs in real-world environments.","PeriodicalId":74544,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society ... Annual Meeting. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Annual meeting","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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