Pub Date : 2019-10-23DOI: 10.11648/j.ajce.20190704.14
Haixia Wei, Zheng Qu, Jie Zhu, Qiangqiang Zhang
With the widespread construction of urban subway, more and more shallow tunnels will be constructed by blasting, and the problem of blasting vibration will become more prominent. Because of the randomness and variability of blasting source and topographic and geological factors, the propagation mechanism and influencing factors of blasting vibration wave are very complex. Based on blasting-vibration sample data obtained from the established numerical model of blasting excavation in shallow tunnel, the relational degree analysis was carried out for influencing factors of blasting vibration caused by shallow tunnel excavation with method of grey relational analysis. The results of the study are as follows: Among the four related factors, there is no optimal factor, and the maximum charge of one section is the quasi-optimal factor; The charge of the first section is the main factor affecting the peak particle velocity of blasting vibration; The maximum charge of one section is the main factor affecting the main frequency of blasting vibration; The delay interval is the main factor affecting the duration of blasting vibration. Furthermore, the measures to control blasting vibration caused by shallow tunnel excavation were put forward, such as reducing the charge of the first section, reducing the maximum charge of one section and rationally setting up the delay interval. The study has important guiding significance for safe blasting construction in shallow tunnel and scientific control of blasting vibration effect.
{"title":"Analysis on Influencing Factors of Blasting Vibration Caused by Shallow Tunnel Excavation","authors":"Haixia Wei, Zheng Qu, Jie Zhu, Qiangqiang Zhang","doi":"10.11648/j.ajce.20190704.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20190704.14","url":null,"abstract":"With the widespread construction of urban subway, more and more shallow tunnels will be constructed by blasting, and the problem of blasting vibration will become more prominent. Because of the randomness and variability of blasting source and topographic and geological factors, the propagation mechanism and influencing factors of blasting vibration wave are very complex. Based on blasting-vibration sample data obtained from the established numerical model of blasting excavation in shallow tunnel, the relational degree analysis was carried out for influencing factors of blasting vibration caused by shallow tunnel excavation with method of grey relational analysis. The results of the study are as follows: Among the four related factors, there is no optimal factor, and the maximum charge of one section is the quasi-optimal factor; The charge of the first section is the main factor affecting the peak particle velocity of blasting vibration; The maximum charge of one section is the main factor affecting the main frequency of blasting vibration; The delay interval is the main factor affecting the duration of blasting vibration. Furthermore, the measures to control blasting vibration caused by shallow tunnel excavation were put forward, such as reducing the charge of the first section, reducing the maximum charge of one section and rationally setting up the delay interval. The study has important guiding significance for safe blasting construction in shallow tunnel and scientific control of blasting vibration effect.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85747154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compared with the traditional sampling quality detection method, the continuous compaction control technology has significant advantages in real time, full range and comprehensiveness. Therefore, this technology has gradually been widely used in the filling project. However, there are more than ten kinds of continuous compaction control methods, and the applicability of each method is different. Therefore, in order to promote the continuous application of continuous compaction control technology in China. The basic principles of various testing methods for continuous compaction control technology of filling engineering are summarized. The existing continuous compaction control technology testing methods are divided into four categories: (1) compaction method; (2) stiffness/modulus Method; (3) kinetic method; (4) energy method. The calculation process and supporting equipment of each detection method are introduced respectively. The applicability of various methods is analyzed based on the basic theory of various methods. The applicable scope and application suggestions of each detection method are proposed. The results show that the compaction method and energy method can be applied to fine-grained fillers, and the stiffness/modulus method and kinetic method can be applied to coarse-grained fillers and asphalt mixtures. According to the specific engineering conditions, the selection of suitable testing methods for continuous compaction control can obtain satisfactory application results.
{"title":"Discussion on Detection Method of Continuous Compaction Control Technology in Filling Engineering","authors":"Yu Qi, Jiang Huihuang, Gao Ming-xian, Xiang Weiguo, Yan Xiaoxia, Wu Longliang","doi":"10.11648/j.ajce.20190704.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20190704.15","url":null,"abstract":"Compared with the traditional sampling quality detection method, the continuous compaction control technology has significant advantages in real time, full range and comprehensiveness. Therefore, this technology has gradually been widely used in the filling project. However, there are more than ten kinds of continuous compaction control methods, and the applicability of each method is different. Therefore, in order to promote the continuous application of continuous compaction control technology in China. The basic principles of various testing methods for continuous compaction control technology of filling engineering are summarized. The existing continuous compaction control technology testing methods are divided into four categories: (1) compaction method; (2) stiffness/modulus Method; (3) kinetic method; (4) energy method. The calculation process and supporting equipment of each detection method are introduced respectively. The applicability of various methods is analyzed based on the basic theory of various methods. The applicable scope and application suggestions of each detection method are proposed. The results show that the compaction method and energy method can be applied to fine-grained fillers, and the stiffness/modulus method and kinetic method can be applied to coarse-grained fillers and asphalt mixtures. According to the specific engineering conditions, the selection of suitable testing methods for continuous compaction control can obtain satisfactory application results.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86362379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.13
Zhang Wenhan, Xu Jianxiao
The water content and permeability of silt and silt strata are significant in cities of Southwest China, and the seepage of underground passages in cities is unavoidable, which affects normal operation. More serious situation may occur when large-scale water gushing phenomenon and obvious structural deformation appears. After long-term and repeated repairs, water cannot be sealed, and even causes surface subsidence and deformation, voids in ground soil, which cause severe social and economic impacts. Loss. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate effective water shutoff measures for specific seepage projects according to local conditions to ensure that groundwater seepage can be effectively solved or controlled. Taking an underground passage in a city as an example, this paper analyses the causes and characteristics of seepage diseases, explores the specific stratum conditions of seepage location and puts forward control measures. Through detection the effectiveness of the implementation of control measures are verified, which provides reference for the treatment of underground seepage in similar strata.
{"title":"Characteristics and Causes of Water Seepage on Riverside Tunnel Structure and Control Measures in Sandy Pebble Stratus","authors":"Zhang Wenhan, Xu Jianxiao","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.13","url":null,"abstract":"The water content and permeability of silt and silt strata are significant in cities of Southwest China, and the seepage of underground passages in cities is unavoidable, which affects normal operation. More serious situation may occur when large-scale water gushing phenomenon and obvious structural deformation appears. After long-term and repeated repairs, water cannot be sealed, and even causes surface subsidence and deformation, voids in ground soil, which cause severe social and economic impacts. Loss. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate effective water shutoff measures for specific seepage projects according to local conditions to ensure that groundwater seepage can be effectively solved or controlled. Taking an underground passage in a city as an example, this paper analyses the causes and characteristics of seepage diseases, explores the specific stratum conditions of seepage location and puts forward control measures. Through detection the effectiveness of the implementation of control measures are verified, which provides reference for the treatment of underground seepage in similar strata.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82375769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.12
N. El-Sawalhi, M. Lafi
Gaza Strip faces large and accumulating shortfall between the built and needed houses due to a high natural population growth, very high population density, difficult political and economic conditions and a suffocating siege imposed, with a high unemployment rate. This has caused an increase in the ongoing gap between housing demands and supply. The most prominent public housing projects in Gaza Strip implemented during the time period from 1994 to 2017 have been introduced. The aim of this research is to improve the contribution of the public housing projects in alleviating of housing crisis in Gaza Strip. Literature review and questionnaire survey were used. 80 copies of the questionnaire were distributed randomly to experts working in the housing field in Gaza Strip. 73 copies of the questionnaire were received with response rate of 91.25%. The most important result is that the public housing projects and public housing policies have a low rate in contribution to alleviating the housing crisis in Gaza Strip. There is lack of comprehensive, realistic and appropriate public housing policies. In addition to not reviewing and updating the public housing standards which have led to mistakes in the way of choosing the target group of public housing projects. The main obstacles facing the government in solving the housing crisis are lack of housing policies, shortage of economic resources of the government and citizens, shortage of the construction materials, high population density and high population growth rate.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Public Housing Projects Role in Contributing to Mitigation of Housing Crisis in Gaza Strip","authors":"N. El-Sawalhi, M. Lafi","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.12","url":null,"abstract":"Gaza Strip faces large and accumulating shortfall between the built and needed houses due to a high natural population growth, very high population density, difficult political and economic conditions and a suffocating siege imposed, with a high unemployment rate. This has caused an increase in the ongoing gap between housing demands and supply. The most prominent public housing projects in Gaza Strip implemented during the time period from 1994 to 2017 have been introduced. The aim of this research is to improve the contribution of the public housing projects in alleviating of housing crisis in Gaza Strip. Literature review and questionnaire survey were used. 80 copies of the questionnaire were distributed randomly to experts working in the housing field in Gaza Strip. 73 copies of the questionnaire were received with response rate of 91.25%. The most important result is that the public housing projects and public housing policies have a low rate in contribution to alleviating the housing crisis in Gaza Strip. There is lack of comprehensive, realistic and appropriate public housing policies. In addition to not reviewing and updating the public housing standards which have led to mistakes in the way of choosing the target group of public housing projects. The main obstacles facing the government in solving the housing crisis are lack of housing policies, shortage of economic resources of the government and citizens, shortage of the construction materials, high population density and high population growth rate.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73701089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-08DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.11
Gazi Mohammad Harun-Or-Rashid, M. F. Rahman, Abu Bakar Siddique
Expansive soil is prone to large volume changes (swelling and shrinking) that are directly related to changes in moisture. So the low bearing strength and high compressibility behavior of soil can cause severe damage to subgrade. In this research the enumeration of the strength of soil by adding different types of ground improvement materials like as fly ash and bagasse ash in order to overcome such type of damages. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test to determine the stability of subgrade soil by adding fly-ash and bagasse ash separately at different percentages. The objective of this paper is to study the combined effects of Fly Ash and Bagasse Ash on Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Soaked CBR and Swelling pressure of expansive soil. The effects of molding water content and compaction delay, on soaked CBR of both Ashes stabilized expansive soil have also been studied. CBR tests were performed with fly-ash and bagasse ash separately at different percentage variations with the increment of 2.5% by weight in order to find out which one is most suitable for stabilization of subgrade material. The results show that initially the optimum moisture content (OMC) of soil is 13.5% and for addition of fly ash and bagasse ash separately up to 12.5% it has become in increase up to 19.1% and 15.26% respectively. Initially the CBR value of soil is 6.63%. For addition of bagasse ash up to 10% the CBR value of soil has become in increase up to 13.87% and after then for addition of 12.5% bagasse ash it has become in decrease 13.42%. For fly ash the CBR value for 10% is 15.11%, which is larger than the bagasse ash.
{"title":"A Comparative Study on Fly Ash and Bagasse Ash Using as a Sub-Grade Material","authors":"Gazi Mohammad Harun-Or-Rashid, M. F. Rahman, Abu Bakar Siddique","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190704.11","url":null,"abstract":"Expansive soil is prone to large volume changes (swelling and shrinking) that are directly related to changes in moisture. So the low bearing strength and high compressibility behavior of soil can cause severe damage to subgrade. In this research the enumeration of the strength of soil by adding different types of ground improvement materials like as fly ash and bagasse ash in order to overcome such type of damages. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test to determine the stability of subgrade soil by adding fly-ash and bagasse ash separately at different percentages. The objective of this paper is to study the combined effects of Fly Ash and Bagasse Ash on Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Soaked CBR and Swelling pressure of expansive soil. The effects of molding water content and compaction delay, on soaked CBR of both Ashes stabilized expansive soil have also been studied. CBR tests were performed with fly-ash and bagasse ash separately at different percentage variations with the increment of 2.5% by weight in order to find out which one is most suitable for stabilization of subgrade material. The results show that initially the optimum moisture content (OMC) of soil is 13.5% and for addition of fly ash and bagasse ash separately up to 12.5% it has become in increase up to 19.1% and 15.26% respectively. Initially the CBR value of soil is 6.63%. For addition of bagasse ash up to 10% the CBR value of soil has become in increase up to 13.87% and after then for addition of 12.5% bagasse ash it has become in decrease 13.42%. For fly ash the CBR value for 10% is 15.11%, which is larger than the bagasse ash.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83363350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-22DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.12
Waleed Aleadelat, S. Wulff, K. Ksaibati
The Wyoming technology Transfer Center (WYT2/ LTAP) is currently in the process of developing a Gravel Roads Management System (GRMS) in Wyoming. One of the major components of this new GRMS is developing a comprehensive optimization methodology for Maintenance and Rehabilitant (M&R) activities. To support the new optimization methodology, this research study established multiple performance models to predict the deterioration patterns of gravel roads in Wyoming. Condition data, in addition to the average deterioration rates, for approximately 1931km (1200 miles) of gravel road segments were used to develop these models. A probabilistic modeling approach using Markov Chains (MC) was adopted in this study to establish these prediction models. The developed prediction equations obtained from fitting these models include all the possible deterioration modes of gravel roads such as potholes, washboards, loose aggregate, and rutting. Generally, it was found that the average service life of a gravel road is around 12 months without any maintenance intervention. In addition, potholes, rutting, and washboards are the main failure modes for these types of roads.
{"title":"Development of Performance Prediction Models for Gravel Roads Using Markov Chains","authors":"Waleed Aleadelat, S. Wulff, K. Ksaibati","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.12","url":null,"abstract":"The Wyoming technology Transfer Center (WYT2/ LTAP) is currently in the process of developing a Gravel Roads Management System (GRMS) in Wyoming. One of the major components of this new GRMS is developing a comprehensive optimization methodology for Maintenance and Rehabilitant (M&R) activities. To support the new optimization methodology, this research study established multiple performance models to predict the deterioration patterns of gravel roads in Wyoming. Condition data, in addition to the average deterioration rates, for approximately 1931km (1200 miles) of gravel road segments were used to develop these models. A probabilistic modeling approach using Markov Chains (MC) was adopted in this study to establish these prediction models. The developed prediction equations obtained from fitting these models include all the possible deterioration modes of gravel roads such as potholes, washboards, loose aggregate, and rutting. Generally, it was found that the average service life of a gravel road is around 12 months without any maintenance intervention. In addition, potholes, rutting, and washboards are the main failure modes for these types of roads.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86534005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.11
Shuang-hua Huang, Wen-ba Han, Bing-qing Cai
This paper discovered a new concept that the unit balance and particle balance are not equivalent. Based on the research of tensile of uniform section bar, it indicated that the normal stress and shear stress on oblique section can only make sure partly body balance while not every particles. The value of and is less than the equilibrium stress of particles. Besides, the particle balance stress is times of the unit balance stress in the state of pure extension. The extreme stress is not the principal stress of cell body but the balance stress of particle. Using this formula, the problem existed for 350 years that the stretch-shear act on a bar is easer destroyed relate to the compress-shear acted can be explained perfectly. What’s more, this theory has also been validated in the Damage Mechanics National Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University. The error between this theory and actual is only 1%, while based on three and fourth strength theory, the errors are 14.2%, 18.2% respectively. It’s also the root cause of large bridge collapse.
{"title":"New Analysis Based on Unit Body Balance and Its Particle Balance Problem - The Basic Contradiction and New Analysis of Current Elasticity Theory","authors":"Shuang-hua Huang, Wen-ba Han, Bing-qing Cai","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190703.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discovered a new concept that the unit balance and particle balance are not equivalent. Based on the research of tensile of uniform section bar, it indicated that the normal stress and shear stress on oblique section can only make sure partly body balance while not every particles. The value of and is less than the equilibrium stress of particles. Besides, the particle balance stress is times of the unit balance stress in the state of pure extension. The extreme stress is not the principal stress of cell body but the balance stress of particle. Using this formula, the problem existed for 350 years that the stretch-shear act on a bar is easer destroyed relate to the compress-shear acted can be explained perfectly. What’s more, this theory has also been validated in the Damage Mechanics National Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University. The error between this theory and actual is only 1%, while based on three and fourth strength theory, the errors are 14.2%, 18.2% respectively. It’s also the root cause of large bridge collapse.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77065749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.13
Jiajing Liu, Weining Yuan, Hu Xiong, Y. Xu
Through the finite element software ABAQUS, the finite element model considering the initial imperfection and residual stress is established, and the finite element results are compared with the collected test results to verify the reliability of the numerical model. By analyzing the ultimate carrying capacity of I section of axial compression with different aspect ratios, the design method of ultimate carrying capacity of axial compression members of hot rolled I section from thick to thin is studied. The result of Overall Interaction Concept (OIC) for hot rolled I section steel under axial compression is obtained by using the finite element calculation results, and the results are compared with the Eurocode (EN1993-1-1) and the Chinese steel structure design standard (GB50017-2017), so as to study the accuracy of the recommend design method. Results found that: i) the calculation result from EC3 of the cross section classification concept most conservative or unsafe, ii) the results from GB almost all conservative, iii) comparing with the existed design methods the OIC design method reflect the relationship between carrying capacity and the the generalized relative slenderness, that can accurately predict ultimate carrying capacity. Research shows that OIC is a more effective and accurate method.
{"title":"A New Design Methodology for Carrying Capacity of Hot Rolled I Section Steel of Local Buckling: The Overall Interaction Concept","authors":"Jiajing Liu, Weining Yuan, Hu Xiong, Y. Xu","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.13","url":null,"abstract":"Through the finite element software ABAQUS, the finite element model considering the initial imperfection and residual stress is established, and the finite element results are compared with the collected test results to verify the reliability of the numerical model. By analyzing the ultimate carrying capacity of I section of axial compression with different aspect ratios, the design method of ultimate carrying capacity of axial compression members of hot rolled I section from thick to thin is studied. The result of Overall Interaction Concept (OIC) for hot rolled I section steel under axial compression is obtained by using the finite element calculation results, and the results are compared with the Eurocode (EN1993-1-1) and the Chinese steel structure design standard (GB50017-2017), so as to study the accuracy of the recommend design method. Results found that: i) the calculation result from EC3 of the cross section classification concept most conservative or unsafe, ii) the results from GB almost all conservative, iii) comparing with the existed design methods the OIC design method reflect the relationship between carrying capacity and the the generalized relative slenderness, that can accurately predict ultimate carrying capacity. Research shows that OIC is a more effective and accurate method.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80049952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.14
Liu Shao-ming, C. An, L. Hao, Luo Sha-Sha
To study the water hazard characteristics of DaBaoshan atypical karst tunnel. Engineering geological and hydrogeological mapping and survey, water connection test, tunnel water hazard investigation, theoretical calculation and analysis are used. The results show that the lithology of the DaBaoshan tunnel is argillaceous limestone, limestone, carbonaceous shale limestone, limestone and inferior coal seam, which is an atypical karst tunnel. There are three karst collapses, but there are not perennial water bodies on the surface of tunnel hill. In the rainy season, there are gushing water and mud in the tunnel, the water source of tunnel water hazard is rainfall, and the gushing water channels are surface collapse, dissolved crack and fissure. The calculation results show the rainfall intensity are 7.84mm/h, 8.44 mm/h, 9.18mm/h, 10.17 mm/h respectively, the rainfall time that lead to the gushing water exceeds the drainage capacity of the gutters are 2.5h, 2.2h, 2.0h, 1.8h respectively. And when the rainfall intensity is 33.3mm/h, the rainfall time is only 35min. The tunnel gushing water causes a lot of water, mud and sands flows on the road which endangers traffic safety, even causing traffic accidents.
{"title":"Water Hazard Characteristics of Dabaoshan Atypical Karst Tunnel","authors":"Liu Shao-ming, C. An, L. Hao, Luo Sha-Sha","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.14","url":null,"abstract":"To study the water hazard characteristics of DaBaoshan atypical karst tunnel. Engineering geological and hydrogeological mapping and survey, water connection test, tunnel water hazard investigation, theoretical calculation and analysis are used. The results show that the lithology of the DaBaoshan tunnel is argillaceous limestone, limestone, carbonaceous shale limestone, limestone and inferior coal seam, which is an atypical karst tunnel. There are three karst collapses, but there are not perennial water bodies on the surface of tunnel hill. In the rainy season, there are gushing water and mud in the tunnel, the water source of tunnel water hazard is rainfall, and the gushing water channels are surface collapse, dissolved crack and fissure. The calculation results show the rainfall intensity are 7.84mm/h, 8.44 mm/h, 9.18mm/h, 10.17 mm/h respectively, the rainfall time that lead to the gushing water exceeds the drainage capacity of the gutters are 2.5h, 2.2h, 2.0h, 1.8h respectively. And when the rainfall intensity is 33.3mm/h, the rainfall time is only 35min. The tunnel gushing water causes a lot of water, mud and sands flows on the road which endangers traffic safety, even causing traffic accidents.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74035726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-23DOI: 10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.12
Youliang Wang
Total station to measure the inclination of high-rise building is the important way to detect the perpendicularity of the building, the settlement measurement is an important means of building deformation analysis, the use of settlement measurement data can be indirectly calculated building oblique. This paper uses 2016.6-2018.07 high-rise building level observation data and total station tilt observation data. The article introduces the inclined deformation measured by total station instrument without prism, the inclined deformation calculated by level measuring settlement, and the inclined deformation calculated indirectly by plane regression method. Data analysis time three stages, the first stage, the construction of buildings to the overall level of half, the second stage, general building construction completed, the third stage, the overall building completed half a year, in the three stage, two methods of measuring calculation of slope deformation may be inconsistent, the article analyses the reasons for not consistent, the corresponding conclusion, through the periods of tilt calculation can obtain continuous tilting deformation law, two methods to confirm each other, make sure the safety of the whole construction process and the stability of the building. The applicability of plane regression tilting deformation is illustrated, and the practicability and reliability of total station measurement analysis method and plane regression analysis method in building tilting deformation analysis are illustrated with examples.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Total Station Measuring Inclination and Settlement","authors":"Youliang Wang","doi":"10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJCE.20190702.12","url":null,"abstract":"Total station to measure the inclination of high-rise building is the important way to detect the perpendicularity of the building, the settlement measurement is an important means of building deformation analysis, the use of settlement measurement data can be indirectly calculated building oblique. This paper uses 2016.6-2018.07 high-rise building level observation data and total station tilt observation data. The article introduces the inclined deformation measured by total station instrument without prism, the inclined deformation calculated by level measuring settlement, and the inclined deformation calculated indirectly by plane regression method. Data analysis time three stages, the first stage, the construction of buildings to the overall level of half, the second stage, general building construction completed, the third stage, the overall building completed half a year, in the three stage, two methods of measuring calculation of slope deformation may be inconsistent, the article analyses the reasons for not consistent, the corresponding conclusion, through the periods of tilt calculation can obtain continuous tilting deformation law, two methods to confirm each other, make sure the safety of the whole construction process and the stability of the building. The applicability of plane regression tilting deformation is illustrated, and the practicability and reliability of total station measurement analysis method and plane regression analysis method in building tilting deformation analysis are illustrated with examples.","PeriodicalId":7606,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Civil Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86717219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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