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Purposes: To apply the criteria for classifying the normo- or hypovolaemic state to the blood volume of patients previously diagnosed of relative polycythaemia (RP).

Patients and methods: The blood volume of 30 patients previously diagnosed of RP was chosen at random for analysis. Directly measured cell volume (CV) was used to calculate both the total blood volume (WBV) and the plasma volume (PV) of each case expressed as mL and mL/Kg, respectively. WBV was estimated according to Nadler's predictive formula, CV and PV being deductive values expressed in mL. Corrected venous haematocrit (CVH) CV and PV measured as mL/Kg were compared with respective reference intervals of the laboratory (RIL). Weinreb's criteria, modified in accordance to RIL, were used to classify blood volume as normo- or hipovolaemic.

Results: Of the 30 patients, 27 were men and 3 women. Mean CVH was 0.51 L/L (range 0.45-0.58 [L/L]). In mL/Kg, 80% of the patients had normal CV with reduced PV, 10% showed normal CV and PV, and the remainders had increased CV with normal PV in 3.3% and decreased PV in 6.7%. Hypovolaemic state was found in 100% of the patients.

Conclusions: Male sex was confirmed as predominant with regard to RP patients. Mean CVH was lower than that of absolute polycythaemia patients, and its wide range stresses the importance of blood volume in the diagnosis of this type of patients, even though reduced PV with normal CV, according to RIL in mL/Kg, are not present. The previous diagnosis was corroborated, hypovolaemic stated being confirmed in all cases at the moment of the study, so more accurate diagnosis and adequate therapeutic indications could be granted, in accordance to the patient's status.

Objectives: The possible ABO group antibodies protective function against several infections has been classically described. We analyze the platelet concentrates (PC) bacterial control results and their ABO antibodies.

Material and methods: We studied 245 outdated PCs (> 5 days). The samples were sterilely collected for adequate microbiological investigation studies on sheep-blood agar plates. If bacterial growth is found, the microbiological identification is performed on the basis of standard tests, the specific anti-biotype being achieved by disk-diffusion method on Müeller-Hinton agar plates, and the red cell concentrate was analyzed.

Results: Bacterial growth by negative coagulase Staphylococcus was found in 10 PCs (4.1%; CI95%; 1.97-7.37). The contaminated PCs lacked natural anti-A antibodies. There were no statistical differences when we analyzed the PC's age, colour or blood group.

Comments: The anti-A antibodies may be a protective factor versus PCs contamination caused by resident bacteria.

Purpose: Anaemia especially iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a worldwide health problem and the most frequent nutritional lack in developing countries. The epidemiology of anaemia in hospitalized patients in Internal Wards is not well-known.

Patients and methods: On a retrospective basis we studied 105 patients with haemoglobin levels below 115 g/L. Symptoms, type of anaemia, causing disease, diagnostic procedures, pathologic findings and transfusional schedule were analyzed.

Results: Mean haemoglobin was 77.8 (SD 17.9) g/L. Anaemia degree was deeper in women (p < 0.05) and IDA comparatively with chronic disease (CDA) (p < 0.01) and it did not show relation with therapeutic agents which potentially induce anaemia. IDA was the most frequent followed by haemorrhagic anaemia (HA) and CDA. The diagnostic procedure which discovered an underlying disease in most of the cases was upper digestive tract endoscopy, and CDA needed the highest number of diagnostic procedures. There was not relationship between the sort of anaemia and symptoms due to upper digestive tract and endoscopic findings, however low digestive tract symptoms (bleeding and abnormal finger rectal examination) and pathologic findings in colonoscopy had a straight relation (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: IDA is the anaemia most frequently diagnosed in an Internal Medicine Department followed by HA and ACD. Clinical symptoms and the type of anaemia have poor correlation. In IDA upper digestive endoscopy as well as lower digestive tract examination is mandatory. We propose colonoscopy in patients aged more than 50-years whereas barium enema could be employed in younger people.

Purpose: The technical and clinical evaluation of a new laboratory profile with six tests, for the realization of the assay called "lupic anticoagulant" with the help of ACL-Futura analyzer (Intrumentation Laboratory).

Results: The within-between day imprecision of the tests that compose the profile: APTT-Diluted, APTT-D Mix, LacScreen, LacScreen Mix, LacConfirm and LacConfirm Mix, are between 2.87%-11.61% with controls, this imprecision is lowest with patients. A study of bilirrubin and lipemia interferences is presented. The practicability study present the technical, time consuming difficulty, and shows that the cost of the screening test is about 1136 ptas (6.83 euros) and with the confirmative test is 2766 ptas (16.62 euros). The clinical study describes our preliminary results with the application of this new profile for almost 2 years and six clinical cases are presented.

Conclusions: The good technical and clinical results of the evaluation of the new profile proposed to detect the positive lupic anticoagulant, in addition to the fully automated assay with the ACL-Futura analyzer, validate the whole method to resolve the increased demand of these parameters.