Highly soluble N fertilizers like urea may be lost from the soil plant system through leaching, ammonia (NH3) volatilization and denitrification that reduce NUE and yield. The study was conducted to determine the effects of UREA Stabil on enhancement of nitrogen utilization efficiencies of rice crop and to evaluate the influence of UREA Stabil on growth and yield of rice under waterlogged conditions of Fogera area. Treatments were comprised, control, recommended N from conventional urea (as basal and tillering), recommended N from UREA Stabil fertilizer applied once as basal, recommended N from UREA Stabil (split as basal and tillering), half below the recommended N from UREA Stabil as basal, half more than the recommended N from UREA Stabil (split as basal and tillering), half more than the recommended N from conventional urea (split as basal and tillering), half more than the recommended N from UREA Stabil as basal. Data were collected plant height, total tiller number, panicle length, number of fertile grains, thousand seed weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest Index. Highly significantly (P<0.01) affected grain yield (3.55 t ha-1) was recorded on 136.5 kg N ha -1 in split application 45.5 kg N ha -1 as basal and 91 kg N ha -1 tillering stage from UREA Stabil source. Conventional urea source of N, application of 136.5 kg N ha -1 in split application (45.5 kg ha -1 as basal and 91 kg ha -1 tillering stage was provided higher yield (3.14) which is statistically non-significant compared to slow-release fertilizer. The economic analysis has further revealed that application of 136.5 kg N ha -1 from UREA Stabil in split application of 45.5 kg N ha -1 as basal and 91 kg N ha -1 tillering stage provided highest net benefit of Birr 47,356 ha-1 was the most profitable treatment for lowland rice production. Application of 136.5 kg N ha -1
高可溶性氮肥如尿素可能通过淋滤、氨(NH3)挥发和反硝化作用从土壤植物系统中流失，从而降低氮肥利用效率和产量。本试验旨在确定稳定尿素对水稻氮素利用效率的提高效果，并评价稳定尿素对福格拉地区涝渍条件下水稻生长和产量的影响。对照:常规尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)、稳定尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)、稳定尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)、低于稳定尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)、高于稳定尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)、高于常规尿素推荐施氮(基肥+分蘖)。施氮量比推荐施氮量多一半。收集植株高度、总分蘖数、穗长、可育粒数、千粒重、籽粒产量、秸秆产量和收获指数等数据。分蘖期136.5 kg N ha-1分蘖期45.5 kg N ha-1基肥和91 kg N ha-1脲源对籽粒产量影响极显著(P<0.01) (3.55 t ha-1)。常规氮素来源，分施136.5 kg N hm -1(基肥45.5 kg hm -1，分蘖期91 kg hm -1)可获得更高的产量(3.14)，与缓释肥相比无统计学差异。经济分析进一步表明，稳定脲136.5 kg N ha-1在分蘖期分施45.5 kg N ha-1，分蘖期分施91 kg N ha-1，净效益最高，其中47,356 hm -1是最有利的处理。施氮136.5 kg hm -1
{"title":"Nitrogen use efficiency and performance of rice to the application of slow release nitrogen fertilizer under waterlogged conditions in North Western Ethiopia","authors":"Tafere Christian","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2200","url":null,"abstract":"Highly soluble N fertilizers like urea may be lost from the soil plant system through leaching, ammonia (NH3) volatilization and denitrification that reduce NUE and yield. The study was conducted to determine the effects of UREA Stabil on enhancement of nitrogen utilization efficiencies of rice crop and to evaluate the influence of UREA Stabil on growth and yield of rice under waterlogged conditions of Fogera area. Treatments were comprised, control, recommended N from conventional urea (as basal and tillering), recommended N from UREA Stabil fertilizer applied once as basal, recommended N from UREA Stabil (split as basal and tillering), half below the recommended N from UREA Stabil as basal, half more than the recommended N from UREA Stabil (split as basal and tillering), half more than the recommended N from conventional urea (split as basal and tillering), half more than the recommended N from UREA Stabil as basal. Data were collected plant height, total tiller number, panicle length, number of fertile grains, thousand seed weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest Index. Highly significantly (P<0.01) affected grain yield (3.55 t ha-1) was recorded on 136.5 kg N ha -1 in split application 45.5 kg N ha -1 as basal and 91 kg N ha -1 tillering stage from UREA Stabil source. Conventional urea source of N, application of 136.5 kg N ha -1 in split application (45.5 kg ha -1 as basal and 91 kg ha -1 tillering stage was provided higher yield (3.14) which is statistically non-significant compared to slow-release fertilizer. The economic analysis has further revealed that application of 136.5 kg N ha -1 from UREA Stabil in split application of 45.5 kg N ha -1 as basal and 91 kg N ha -1 tillering stage provided highest net benefit of Birr 47,356 ha-1 was the most profitable treatment for lowland rice production. Application of 136.5 kg N ha -1","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87246577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zemede Lemma Alemayehu, M. Firew, A. Kebebew, Bishaw Zewdie
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is considered as a potential screening tool detecting stay green traits for drought tolerance. The present study aimed to evaluate durum wheat genotypes using NDVI under drought condition and investigate its association to grain yield. NDVI scores taken at different growth stages for 64 durum wheat genotypes were replicated twice in both sandy clay and clay textured soils situated at the same geographic location of Debre-Zeit Experimental Station, Ethiopia during 2016 rainy season; also, Green Seeker (Hand held) was used to measure the quantity of photosynthetically active pigments in leaves. Measurements of NDVI were made four to five times on sunny days between booting to physiological maturity. Analysis of variance showed significant variation among genotypes at 0.01% on NDVI values across all growth stages except at physiological maturity in both sandy clay and clay soils. The NDVI scores were highly significantly associated with yield at grain filling and anthesis stages in both soil environments. Overall, it is possible to suggest that use of NDVI would help complement identification of drought tolerant genotypes on durum wheat.
{"title":"Normalized difference vegetation index as screening trait to complement visual selections of durum wheat drought tolerant genotypes","authors":"Zemede Lemma Alemayehu, M. Firew, A. Kebebew, Bishaw Zewdie","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2158","url":null,"abstract":"Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is considered as a potential screening tool detecting stay green traits for drought tolerance. The present study aimed to evaluate durum wheat genotypes using NDVI under drought condition and investigate its association to grain yield. NDVI scores taken at different growth stages for 64 durum wheat genotypes were replicated twice in both sandy clay and clay textured soils situated at the same geographic location of Debre-Zeit Experimental Station, Ethiopia during 2016 rainy season; also, Green Seeker (Hand held) was used to measure the quantity of photosynthetically active pigments in leaves. Measurements of NDVI were made four to five times on sunny days between booting to physiological maturity. Analysis of variance showed significant variation among genotypes at 0.01% on NDVI values across all growth stages except at physiological maturity in both sandy clay and clay soils. The NDVI scores were highly significantly associated with yield at grain filling and anthesis stages in both soil environments. Overall, it is possible to suggest that use of NDVI would help complement identification of drought tolerant genotypes on durum wheat.","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88481768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pumpkin has high nutritional value essential for food security. Despite many benefits, it still considered an orphan crop in Africa. Very little information is available on the potential and production of pumpkin in Africa due to neglect by researchers and improvement program. Classical research, both theoretical and empirical, was used to conduct a systematic review of the various result trends obtained by researchers in relation to the topic. Using Google Scholar, relevant literature was selected, analyzed and summarized. In Africa, the fruit, seeds and leaves of the pumpkin is consumed. This dietary diversity of pumpkin could contribute to the improvement of people's livelihoods. Countries such as Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia are making considerable profits from the export of pumpkin. However, its production is very low because its potential is not fully exploited. In this context, research and development strategies must be put in place so that pumpkin becomes part of the African diet. The diversity, origins and distribution, utilization patterns, relative importance, production and bottlenecks of pumpkin in Africa are reviewed. These results can be used as a basis for further research on yield improvement and pest management.
{"title":"Current state of knowledge on the potential and production of Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin) in Africa: A review","authors":"U. H. Gbemenou, V. Ezin, A. Ahanchede","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2202","url":null,"abstract":"Pumpkin has high nutritional value essential for food security. Despite many benefits, it still considered an orphan crop in Africa. Very little information is available on the potential and production of pumpkin in Africa due to neglect by researchers and improvement program. Classical research, both theoretical and empirical, was used to conduct a systematic review of the various result trends obtained by researchers in relation to the topic. Using Google Scholar, relevant literature was selected, analyzed and summarized. In Africa, the fruit, seeds and leaves of the pumpkin is consumed. This dietary diversity of pumpkin could contribute to the improvement of people's livelihoods. Countries such as Morocco, South Africa and Tunisia are making considerable profits from the export of pumpkin. However, its production is very low because its potential is not fully exploited. In this context, research and development strategies must be put in place so that pumpkin becomes part of the African diet. The diversity, origins and distribution, utilization patterns, relative importance, production and bottlenecks of pumpkin in Africa are reviewed. These results can be used as a basis for further research on yield improvement and pest management.","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89539683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anabire Asungre Peter, A. Richard, Wiredo Kena Alexander, G. Prakash
{"title":"Assessing production constraints, management and use of pearl millet in the Guinea Savanna Agro-ecology of Ghana","authors":"Anabire Asungre Peter, A. Richard, Wiredo Kena Alexander, G. Prakash","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90649895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study aimed at understanding the spatial distribution of Fusarium wilt (FW) in different banana growing regions, ascertain the effect of management practices and plantation age on FW incidence, as well as investigate farmers’ knowledge regarding the symptoms and spread of FW in Uganda. Individual interviews were conducted in 119 farms using a pre-tested questionnaire and field observations during a survey in major banana growing regions. Results indicate that FW is widely distributed across the banana growing areas with more occurrences (70%) in Kapchorwa district and majority of respondents (63.4%) reported increasing disease prevalence. A chi-square test performed revealed significant association between FW incidence and plantation age with more incidences (51.6%) recorded in older plantations (>20 years of establishment) than newly (1-5 years) established ones (11.1%). FW incidence was significantly associated with plantation management with higher incidences (86.9%) recorded in well managed plantations. Half of interviewed farmers could explain and distinguish symptoms associated with FW from other diseases, but only 38.4% of these could tell how the disease spreads; thus, a need for more concerted efforts in building the capacity of farmers to identify the symptoms and spread of FW for effective management program. We identified preliminary evidence that field abandonment is sometimes used as a last option for coping up with FW. Understanding the mechanism behind this requires more detailed research as well as establishing how farmers are managing FW culturally.
{"title":"Distribution and farmers knowledge on Fusarium wilt (Race 1) in cropping systems of Uganda","authors":"Oyesigye Elias, Tinzara William, Karamura Georgina, Cosmas Wacal","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2193","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed at understanding the spatial distribution of Fusarium wilt (FW) in different banana growing regions, ascertain the effect of management practices and plantation age on FW incidence, as well as investigate farmers’ knowledge regarding the symptoms and spread of FW in Uganda. Individual interviews were conducted in 119 farms using a pre-tested questionnaire and field observations during a survey in major banana growing regions. Results indicate that FW is widely distributed across the banana growing areas with more occurrences (70%) in Kapchorwa district and majority of respondents (63.4%) reported increasing disease prevalence. A chi-square test performed revealed significant association between FW incidence and plantation age with more incidences (51.6%) recorded in older plantations (>20 years of establishment) than newly (1-5 years) established ones (11.1%). FW incidence was significantly associated with plantation management with higher incidences (86.9%) recorded in well managed plantations. Half of interviewed farmers could explain and distinguish symptoms associated with FW from other diseases, but only 38.4% of these could tell how the disease spreads; thus, a need for more concerted efforts in building the capacity of farmers to identify the symptoms and spread of FW for effective management program. We identified preliminary evidence that field abandonment is sometimes used as a last option for coping up with FW. Understanding the mechanism behind this requires more detailed research as well as establishing how farmers are managing FW culturally.","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80582464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genotypic variability, heritability and path analysis of yield components of determinate lablab (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) inbred lines in Kenya","authors":"M. K. Eliezah, G. Miriam, N. W. Charles, R. David","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72987483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of integrated potassium nutrition on Fusarium wilt tolerance in apple bananas","authors":"Nowembabazi Anna, Taulya Godfrey, Tinzaara William, Karamura Eldad","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84238944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kanomanyanga Jasper, Jiao Xiaoqiang, Mudare Shingirai, M. Stanford, T. Lixia
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the effects of Rhizobia inoculants and phosphorus fertilizer on soybean nodulation in Africa","authors":"Kanomanyanga Jasper, Jiao Xiaoqiang, Mudare Shingirai, M. Stanford, T. Lixia","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"23 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83517348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation and path coefficient analysis studies in Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun)","authors":"Yimer Ousman, M. Wassu, Teju Endale, H. Do","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77700654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combining ability of quality protein maize inbred lines under low and optimum soil nitrogen environments in Ethiopia","authors":"M. Bedassa, E. B., K. I., Y. E., Z. Habtamu","doi":"10.5897/ajps2021.2145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajps2021.2145","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7675,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Plant Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84468129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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