Ukrainskii biokhimicheskii zhurnal (1978)最新文献

The investigations of some metabolites and enzymes of ornithine cycle were performed for infant and adult rats. The decreasing of enzyme activity and the decreasing of urea production have been shown as a reflection of anabolic processes prevalence for a growing organism.

The comparative analysis of content prostaglandins E2, F2 alpha and cAMP, cGMP in the compositions of the high-molecular aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complexes and endoplasmic reticulum vesicules from the rat liver has been carried out. The influence of lethal and sublethal X-ray doses on the levels of cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins has been studied. Cyclic nucleotides and prostaglandins proved to be rapid and high sensitive transmitters of ionizing radiation influence on the eukaryotic translation apparatus.

It was shown that the seaweed sulfopolysaccharides Furcellaria and Phyllophora--furcellaran and phyllophoran--are the competitive inhibitors of thrombin-induced fibrinogen clotting. Biospecific adsorbents for thrombin and antithrombin III (AT III) isolation were synthesized with heparin, phyllophoran and furcellaran as ligands on aminopropylsilochrome and this proteins sorption characteristics on this sorbents in comparisons with heparin-cellulose and heparin-sepharose were investigated. Possible application of the synthesized adsorbents both for thrombin, AT III purification from blood products and for alpha-thrombin, beta and gamma-thrombin separation are discussed.

Approximate division of biochemical investigations into three components: experimental research, results treatment and modeling, as well as external information filling is made. Computerization of biochemical researches for these components are analyzed and authors developments for experimental researches computerization on IBM-compatible computer basis are presented, as well as the local computer net of biochemistry institute.

Latent ceruloplasmin activity was revealed in 5% of homogenates of the frontal lobes of the albino rats' brain. While assessing the activity of this enzyme in the investigated assays in the dynamics of their storage at 4-8 degrees C, the value under study continuously increased and on the 14th day of the experiment it reached 137% of the initial values. 1-Triphenylphosphoniomethylnafthalene bromide did not exert any effect on the dynamics of changes of ceruloplasmin activity in biological assays.

The results of investigations of some metabolites and enzymes of ornithine cycle in total gamma-irradiated rats are presented. It is shown that ionizing radiation furthers the intensification of liver ammonium binding function. It took place without visible enzyme activation during the first period of defeat. The increasing of enzyme activity at the top of pathological process development is also shown. The definite dose-dependence was observed in this period. The month after irradiation the liver function was decreased and during two month after influence the liver function was not normal.

The influence of selenium and rutin on the antioxidant protection system of the organisms in connection with Al-intoxication and gamma-irradiation was investigated. It has been determined that selenium increases the antioxidant protection caused by aluminium. Under simultaneous action of aluminium and gamma-irradiation upon the organism selenium stimulated accumulation of toxic lipids peroxide oxidation products. Rutin action in the situations under investigation caused weakening of antioxidant protection.

Under the influence of different external factors, much attention was given to the study of the characteristics of pro- and antioxidant systems in the organism. It was studied the state of lipid peroxide oxidation in infertile women, who were evacuated from Chernobyl and Pripyati, and those who permanently live in the radiational-fected area. An appreciably high activity of lipid peroxidation was found in women who were affected by the radioactivity of different intensity. A sharp decrease in the strength of antioxidant defence system promotes a marked activation of the lipid peroxide oxidation. The cause of the sharp decrease of the intensity of antioxidant defence system is its exhaustion.

The effect of vitamin E on immunological reactions of blood cells was studied. The addition of vitamin E in concentration of 100 microM to neutrophils caused the increase of superoxide production. But this index was decreased when incubation of these cells with A23187 or FMLP was accompanied by alpha-tocopherol in concentration of 100 microM followed by the removal of free ligand or alpha-tocopherol in concentration of 0.5 microM. In the presence of PMA the inhibiting action of alpha-tocopherol was not found (under the 0.5 microM of alpha-tocopherol) or was small (under the concentration of it 100 microM of alpha-tocopherol). The addition of alpha-tocopherol in concentration of 0.5 microM and 50 microM caused the inhibition of blasttransformation of lymphocytes and activity of natural killer cells. This effect was expressed more under the low contents of this vitamin in the incubation medium. The level of blasstransformation of blood in vitamin E-deficient rats was by 20% less than in normal. The exogenous addition of alpha-tocopherol in concentration of 0.5 microM did not affect this value. It was suggested that vitamin E can affect the respiration burst of neutrophils, blasttransformation of lymphocytes and activity of natural killer cells and these actions depend on its concentrations.

After incubation of homogenates of liver, kidney, brain, skeletal muscles mucosa of rumen and empty intestine of cattle in Krebs-Ringer's phosphate buffer with [2-14C]methionine 25.8-43.4% radioactive label was found in protein; 28.1-42.0%, in CO2; 12.0-18.6%, in glucose; 8.2-14.9%, in glycogen; 3.1-6.3%, in lipids. The highest level of [2-14C]methionine utilization in protein synthesis was found in skeletal muscle; in energetical processes, in liver; in the process of gluconeogenesis, in skeletal muscles and liver; in lipid synthesis, in brain; the lowest level of [2-14C]methionine utilisation in above-mentioned process was found in skin.