Ukrainskii biokhimicheskii zhurnal (1978)最新文献

General proteolytic and antitryptic blood serum activity in acute emotionally-painful stress was investigated as well as that on the background of the before injected contrical. It was determined that in case of a stress there increases the general proteolytic activity of blood serum and at the same time antiproteolytic activity decreases. The coefficient of the relation of antiproteolytic activity to proteolytic activity of blood serum in case of a stress may become of 50% of the control. The introduction of inhibitor of proteinase contrical before the beginning of stressor influence promotes the decrease of general proteolytic activity to the level of the control indexes.

The role of the elastolytic system serum and arterial tissues in pathogenesis of vascular pathology was investigated on rabbits in experimental arterio-atherosclerosis. Activation of proteolytic enzymes, in particular elastase, sharp alteration capacity of inhibitors in arterial wall both at Menckeberg arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis, permits to assume, that in the basis these different pathologic processes can lie general mechanisms, which will be realized through disturbance of the elastolytic system balance in blood vessels.

The search of inhibitors of the myrosinase enzyme and also enzymes able to transform the glucosinolates into non-toxic combinations has been carried out among the water extracts of the plants row. The inhibitor activity of the water extract of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi and its foresee acting outset-hydroquinone have been discovered. The direct dependence of the glucosinolates decompose degree from concentration of hydroquinone and quinone has been determined. The cultivation of Brassica napus cut seeds by quinone in correlation 1:100 (m:m) stopped the glucosinolates decomposition by endogenous myrosinase for 50%.

Cells of neuroglia--the astrocytes are of interest from the point of view of their participation in phagocytosis. Phagocyte ability to generate active oxygen forms (AOF) as used as the basic criterion of the estimation of their functional activity. For the purpose to clear up molecular and cellular mechanisms of phagocytosis a study of astrocyte redox-systems, participating in production of AOF, was undertaken. Registration of AOF in astrocytes was carried out using a method of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. Primary culture of guinea pig astrocytes was used. Spontaneous chemiluminescence of low intensity was found for the astrocytes at the presence of luminol. The destruction of the cells was accompanied by a significant growth of the intensity of spontaneous chemiluminescence. Suspension of endocutosis inductors, particle of latex and phytohemagglutinin, added to astrocytes did not result in formation of AOF, characteristic for other cells, possessing phagocytosis. It was established, that addition of hydrogen peroxide destroys astrocytes at the presence of luminol and gives rise to the emission. Chemiluminescence was not observed in similar experiments with intact cells. A conclusion was made that inside astrocytes there are structures, which show peroxidase-like activity.

The cobalt chloride influence on rat liver and serum blood lipids and lipoproteins content and composition was investigated. The data obtained show that the cobalt chloride injection leads to the oxidative stress development and to activation of lipid transport and metabolism. It has been shown that there is system of lipids homeostasis in the organism and it is activated under conditions of oxidative stress. The system blood lipoproteins and liver lipoproteins was found to participate in metabolism adaptation on oxidative stress and in maintenance of biological membranes structure and functioning.

Antiradical activity and ability to interaction with phosphatidylcholine bilayer of the physiological active compounds (PhAC), concerning the classes of phenylalkilamines (dobutamine, verapamil), dihydro pyridines (BAY-K-4688, nifedipine), analogues of crown ether (carbicyle, diol) was studied. By means of the method of microcalorimetry and spectrophotometry it was shown the complexing ability PhAC with the phospholipid bilayer of the model membrane. It was stated the simbasity in the changes of the thermal effect of the compounds with the negative inotropic activity during its reaction with phosphatidylcholine bilayer and antiradical activity. That show on the presence of antiradical component in the mechanism that compounds' action.

The dynamics of the renin and angiotensin converting ferment activity and of the aldosterone concentration in the plasma of blood by healthy newborn full-term in the first week of the life after the birth was determined. The normative values of the studied indexes were obtained. The researches have shown the considerable functional tension of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, that has a very important signification for optimal course of adaptation and anabolic processes by the children at the very beginning of the postnatal development.

Stimulation of 32P-phosphoinositides turnover and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis is observed 6 h after animals X-ray irradiation in a dose 1 Gy. Both mitogenic lectins LPS and PHA (10 mg/ml), but not 0.5 microM A23187 induce inositol phosphates release from endogenous [3H]inositol--phospholipids in lymphocytes. The level of inositol triphosphate is increased within 1-6 h and decreased in 12 h after irradiation. 45Ca2+ influx through lymphocytes plasma membrane is not changed within 3 h, but increases greatly 12 h after exposure. Data obtained indicate that IP3 formation is an early signal for radiation-induced changes in calcium homeostasis.

We have studied 126 chemical compounds. Moreover 9-triphenylphosphoniomethyl-phenanthrene chloride has been found to stabilize bioassays and preserve their urea content unchanged for a period of 90-990 days. Due to its use a delayed technique of a quantitative assessment of urea in biological objects has been elaborated characterized by universal novelty. It may be used with the aim of studying metabolic processes in the cosmonauts' body, atomic submarine crews, members of polar, alpine, desert, underwater, space and other expeditions which cannot be accompanied by a biochemical laboratory.

Noticeable decrease in microsomal protein level MOS terminal component--cytochrome P-450 and MOS median link--cytochrome b5 contents in microsomal fraction implicated in renal pathologic process was established in development of acute unilateral pyelonephritis. These findings reduction expression directly depended on severity and pathologic process development degree. One of the main causes led to reduction in cytochromes P-450 and b5 level and inhibition proteins biosynthesis may be influence of toxic products which are generated in substance exchange involved in prevalence of catabolic processes in injured kidney and intensification in endogenous intoxication syndrome on renal structures. Implication of many other factors effecting decrease in microsomal hemoproteins and protein levels in the damaged kidney in above pathology showed necessity to perform further investigations in the field given.