Ukrainskii biokhimicheskii zhurnal (1978)最新文献

The activity of energy metabolism has been studied in the experiment with white rats, which had been carried out nephrotomia with following use for suture such absorbable surgical threads as catgut plain, biofil (of dura mater spinalis of the cattle) and biofil modified with succinate. The research proves the use of catgut plain decreases of energy quotient and such polarographic index as the rate of phosphorylating respiration of mitochondria of the kidneys in postoperative period. The greater activity of energy metabolism during this period has been stated with the use of biofil. The use of biofil modified with succinate results in the activation of bioenergy processes.

Effects of tinctura arnica on arginase, adenosine triphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase activities of rats liver in case of experimental toxic hepatitis have been studied. Toxic hepatitis was caused by 2 times interstomach administration of 0.25 ml oil solution of carbon tetrachloride per 100 g of animal weight. 20 mkl/100 g of tinctura arnica was administered every day per os for 14 days. The enzyme activities have been investigated at 3, 7 and 17 days. A significant demention of a studied hydrolytic enzyme activities in rats liver at intoxication of the body by CCI4 has been shown. It has been established that tinctura arnica administered per os to intoxicated animals sped up the normalization of hydrolytic enzyme activities in rat liver.

We have studied 36 chemical compounds. Moreover bromide 9,10-bismethyltriphenylphosphoniumantracene has been found to stabilize bioassays and preserve their glucose content unchanged for a period of 75-990 days. Due to its use a delayed technique of a quantitative assessment of glucose in biologic objects has been elaborated characterized by universal novelty. It may be used with the aim of studying metabolic processes in the cosmonauts body, atomic submarine crews members of polar, alpine, desert, underwater, space and other expeditions which cannot be accompanied by a biochemical laboratory.

It was shown that fetal form of haemoglobin (Hb) is mainly connected with membrane of peripheral red blood corpuscles. Membrane-bound haemoglobin has relatively high affinity to O2, low Hill's coefficient, much higher peroxidase activity in comparison with cytosolic Hb.

The possible mechanism of transient metals effect on Na(+)-CA2+ exchange of membrane in excitable and non-excitable cells has been examined on the basis of available literature and personal investigation. Different cations of transient metals can either inhibit or stimulate Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange depending on experimental conditions and their own properties. In some conditions these cations can even be translocated by the exchanger. Metal cations with the highest affinity to O-containing protein groups are able to inhibit the activity of exchanger due to the competition with Ca2+ within the transport site. Metal cations with the highest affinity of S-containing protein groups have stimulated the exchanger owing to their effect on the regulatory site. The total effect of different cations in each case is determined by the effectiveness of all these processes (inhibition, translocation and stimulation) which depends on the affinity of the cations to different protein functional groups. It has been assumed that complex investigation of the effect of different transient metals' cations is necessary for the revealing of Na(+)-Ca2+ exchange mechanism.

It has been studied the effect of tetrachlormethane on the activity of the processes of microsomal mitochondrial and free radical oxidation in 3.8-10 and 20-24 month rats. The age peculiarities of the investigated processes have been ascertained. The introduction of CCl4 caused: the most increase of the level of free radical oxidation products in young animals. The activity of oxidative processes in microsomes were minimum in this group of animals. In old rats the contents of intermediate products of FRO increased in the least degree and end products--the same as young animals. The oxidative processes in mitochondria were decreased in the most degree in old rats. It has been concluded that the activation of free radical reactions by active metabolites of CCl4 plays the main role in progress of pathological processes in young animals and the covalent connection of low active radicals with proteins of membranes and enzymes in old rats.

Effects of nucleotides on the proteolysis of histones in nuclei incubated at 37 degrees C during 1, 3 and 20 h were studied. It has been shown that the H1 histone is removed first during proteolysis and then the H3 and H2B histones are digested. The H4 histone is not cleaved even after 20 h incubation. PMSF and ATP inhibit the H1 cleavage when its structure was not disturbed before ATP, CTP, ADP, NAD+, AMP and NADH inhibit the partial cleavage of the core histones H3 and H2B. ATP, CTP, AMP and NADH prevent the total digestion of H2B. ATP and, at lower extent, CTP prevent the H3 digestion. ATP, CTP, ADP and NAD+ inhibit the cleavage of the H2A histone in the experiments with 20 h incubation, when H4 is only resistant in the absence of nucleotides. The data obtained suggest an important role of ATP and other nucleotides in maintaining the structure of histones and chromatin.

The kinetic of polyreactive immunoglobulins (PRIG) and immobilized antigen interaction was examined at different temperatures. It was shown that this process can be described by the so-called "competitive" model, and the relatively simple method for the rate constant determination for this process was developed. According to the "competitive" model PRIG molecule could be either in "active" or in "inactive" state and dynamic equilibrium exist between "active" and "inactive" molecules which strongly depend on incubation temperature. Only "active" PRIG can interact with antigens, and this is the reason of strong temperature dependence of PRIG-antigen interaction. The data also show that the mechanism of PRIG-antigen interaction differ from that of antibody-antigen interaction.

It has been found that Mg2, ATPase of the smooth muscle cells plasma membrane has the properties of an H(+)-sensitive enzymatic sensor which is characterized by a linear dependence between the initial maximal rate of the reaction, V0, and the pH value. The feasible role of plasma membrane Mg(2+)-ATPase in some reactions responsible for the control of proton and Ca2+ homeostasis in myometrium cells has been debated.