Zeitschrift fur die gesamte Hygiene und ihre Grenzgebiete最新文献

An organisation concept of an inspectorate of occupational hygiene is described. Its development was started any years ago, but it is reached a temporary optimum just by the introduction of computers. The present state is described in characteristics, also is concise indicated the possible and desirable further development. Interested persons may demand comprehensive informations about the total concept and documentations about the individual part-programs from the authors under send in of a diskette.

The upper respiratory tracts of 20 children attending a crèche were studied for bacteria up to the 128th day of crèche attendance. To this end nose and throat swabs as well as double blood withdrawals were to determine antibodies against various respiratory viruses. The germ spectrum thus obtained was correlated with the acute pathological processes occurring during the period of investigation. In addition to the normal flora, the nasopharynx of infection-stable children was, with one exception, only populated with gram-positive pathopotent bacteria during the first four months of crèche attendance. In infection-labile children, however, gram-negative pathopotent bacteria, blastomycetes of the Candida group as well as Mycoplasma, virus and mixed infections were discovered apart from gram-positive bacteria. This broad germ spectrum should be taken into wider consideration in the chemotherapy of respiratory infections.

The method outlined here allows to evaluate the physical load of an overall activity from the assessment of simple activities making up the overall activity. These simple activities can be measured by means of various procedures. They are evaluated in units of physical load whereas the index of the overall activity is determined using the weighted arithmetic means. This method was used to establish a catalogue of physical load in working places in the field of transport.

670 children of infant-schools and 109 children of schools were examined for head-lice. Also the existence of nits was valued. The identified infestation of 9.9% is to stimulate examinations in other districts of GDR and measures to form the search and the control of these ectoparasites with more effects.

A self-made miniaturized test system for the biochemical identification of enterobacteriaceae in microtitre plates has been examined. Special emphasis was laid on easy and unequivocal interpretation of the reactions. This was achieved among other things by including further sugar fermentations. Applying a corresponding reaction matrix it is possible to get clear identifications, even in the case of missing test results. The performed tests show the usefulness of our test system.

The tasks of the hygienic and social-medical oriented special disciplines are summarizingly presented in relation to the state of the development of sciences and the social changes at the turn of the years 1989/90. The Hygienic Congress 1990 at Berlin was directed to the contribution of hygienic and social-medical disciplines during the practical performance of health protection of the population under the conditions of the scientific-technical progress.

Proteins of Toxoplasma lysate were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with subsequent transfer to a nitrocellulose sheet by electrophoretic blotting. Patient human sera reacted predominant with protein fractions of Toxoplasma antigen of 94 kD and 35 kD. Human sera were tested by Toxoplasma-IgG ELISA and Immunofluorescence assay (IgG-IFAT, IgM-IFAT).

Alcohol related laboratory parameters had been taken from 407 employees (336 males, 71 females) aged 18-65 years on occasion of the annual occupational health survey 1989. In relation to anamnesis, drinking habits and medical findings gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of erythrocytes had been used as markers. Signs of alcohol overconsumption could be seen in 2.8% of the females and in 16.3% of the males, 6.2% of the latter showing somatically complicated abuse. Alcohol dependence was found in 2.1% of the females. In addition 33 employees of a malt factory obtaining an allowance of 2l beer a day had been investigated; 12.1% proved addicts; 9.1% were found to be medically relevant abusers with somatic complications. MCV and gamma-GT turned out to be useful criteria pointing at alcohol overconsumption when used in coherence with anamnesis and medical examination. These parameters are to be obtained by the works' medical officer easily. The importance of those problems concerning the medical check-up for certain occupations is pointed out and the necessity of different means of medical care as well.

Authors give a statistical survey of injuries of persons and environmental damages caused by "special events" in handling poisons. Portions of single environmental compartments and causative agents and agent groups are shown. It is stated that decision-makers have not enough background data both in normal and in exceptional cases for efficient decisions.