Agricultural Systems最新文献_第5页

Revealing the diversity of collective experimentation in agriculture: Constructing idealtypes from French case studies 揭示农业集体实验的多样性：从法国案例研究中构建理想类型

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104623

Maïté de Sainte Agathe , Chantal Loyce , Lorène Prost , Quentin Toffolini

Context

The agroecological transition underscores the need to rethink knowledge production in agriculture, especially in relation to experimentation. This includes involving a wider range of stakeholders and exploring diverse and complementary forms of experimentation.

Objective

This article aims to shed light on the diversity of existing collective experimentations, in order to document the ongoing renewal of experimental approaches and to propose benchmarks for understanding and supporting them.

Methods

We conducted 34 semi-structured interviews and 10 observant participations, leading to the identification of 28 case studies that we define as collective experimentations. We define collective experimentation as the process of implementing and monitoring an intervention with uncertain outcomes, which leads to the production of knowledge. We did a comprehensive analysis of these collective experimentations, to understand how and why they are conducted. To do so, our analysis considered both the physical design of the experimental setups and the questions addressed, as well as the collective organization of the actors involved.

Results and Conclusions

We propose six idealtypes of collective experimentations: Idealtype A: Replicating experimental situations to generate standardized data, Idealtype B: Integrating data from diverse experimental practices in a joint analysis, Idealtype C: Distributing questions to generate knowledge on a common topic, Idealtype D: Pooling a diversity of experiences to explore a common subject, Idealtype E: Distributing activities within a single experimental situation and Idealtype F: Gathering human and material resources on a single site to experiment jointly on several experimental situations.

Significance

These idealtypes shed light on the diversity of collective experimentation approaches in agriculture, which are often under described in the literature. By offering a set of structured reference points, it can support researchers, facilitators, and practitioners in recognizing, designing and valuing collective experimentations adapted to their contexts. It opens new perspectives for rethinking how experimental knowledge is produced, shared, and valued to support agroecological transitions.

农业生态转型强调需要重新思考农业知识生产，特别是与实验有关的知识生产。这包括让更广泛的利益攸关方参与进来，并探索多种多样和互补的实验形式。本文旨在揭示现有集体实验的多样性，以记录正在进行的实验方法的更新，并提出理解和支持它们的基准。方法我们进行了34次半结构化访谈和10次观察性参与，最终确定了28个案例研究，我们将其定义为集体实验。我们将集体实验定义为实施和监测具有不确定结果的干预的过程，从而导致知识的产生。我们对这些集体实验进行了全面的分析，以了解它们是如何以及为什么进行的。为此，我们的分析考虑了实验装置的物理设计和解决的问题，以及参与者的集体组织。结果与结论我们提出了六种理想类型的集体实验：理想类型A：复制实验情境以生成标准化数据；理想类型B：将不同实验实践中的数据整合在一起进行联合分析；理想类型C：分配问题以生成关于共同主题的知识；理想类型D：汇集多种经验以探索共同主题；理想类型E：在单一实验情境中分配活动；将人力物力集中在一个地点，在多个实验情境下进行联合实验。意义这些理想类型揭示了农业集体实验方法的多样性，这在文献中经常被描述。通过提供一组结构化的参考点，它可以支持研究人员、促进者和实践者认识、设计和评估适合他们环境的集体实验。它为重新思考如何生产、分享和重视实验知识以支持农业生态转型开辟了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Optimising crop calendars with management practices promotes climate-smart agriculture in wheat-maize rotations of the North China Plain 通过管理实践优化作物日历，促进华北平原小麦-玉米轮作的气候智能型农业

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104626

Deyao Liu , Baobao Pan , Huarui Gong , Jing Li , Enli Wang , Jinxi Zhao , Yan Xu , Shu Kee Lam , Deli Chen

CONTEXT

Optimising crop calendars by adjusting sowing dates and the timing and frequency of key management practices can enhance crop productivity while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, limited research has explored how farmers dynamically adapt crop calendars and practices in response to climate shifts to support climate-smart agriculture.

OBJECTIVE

This study developed a DNDC-based hybrid modelling framework to evaluate adaptive management strategies for supporting climate-smart agriculture under future climate scenarios.

METHODS

We assessed three management levels: fertiliser application rates (level 1); fertiliser rates combined with crop calendar adjustments, including fertiliser timing, frequency, as well as sowing and harvesting dates (level 2) and level 2 plus irrigation and residue retention (level 3). The framework was designed to optimise management under multiple objectives, including increasing crop yield, SOC sequestration, while simultaneously reducing N input and GHG emissions.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

From 1990 to 2100, the optimised crop calendars were identified: delaying wheat basal fertilisation (+5 d,) while advancing top-dressing (−5 d), postponing wheat sowing (+5 d) and advancing maize sowing (−9 d); advancing both fertilisation events in maize (−9 d, −3 d); aligning irrigation with fertilisation; and adding one irrigation event during the maize bell stage. Compared with historical practices, these adjustments increased annual crop yields and NUE by 4.2 % and 15.8 %, respectively, while reducing net GHG emissions and GHG intensity by 5.1 % and 8.5 %, respectively. The optimised management reduced N inputs, irrigation water and residue retention by 17.2 %, 6.7 % and 20.0 %, respectively.

SIGNIFICANCE

These findings demonstrate that adaptive crop calendars can significantly advance climate-smart agriculture and should be incorporated into climate change impact assessments.

通过调整播种日期以及关键管理实践的时间和频率来优化作物日历可以提高作物生产力，同时减少温室气体（GHG）排放。然而，有限的研究探讨了农民如何动态调整作物日历和做法以应对气候变化，以支持气候智能型农业。本研究开发了一个基于dndc的混合建模框架，以评估在未来气候情景下支持气候智慧型农业的适应性管理策略。方法对3个管理水平进行评价：施肥水平（1级）；施肥量与作物日历调整相结合，包括施肥时间、频率、播种和收获日期（第2级）和第2级加上灌溉和残留物保留（第3级）。该框架旨在根据多个目标优化管理，包括提高作物产量，固碳，同时减少N输入和温室气体排放。结果与结论1990 ~ 2100年的最佳作物日历为：推迟小麦基肥（+5 d），提前追肥（- 5 d），推迟小麦播种（+5 d），提前玉米播种（- 9 d）；提前玉米的两个受精事件（- 9 d, - 3 d）；灌溉与施肥相结合；在玉米铃期增加一次灌水。与历史实践相比，这些调整分别使年作物产量和氮肥利用效率提高了4.2%和15.8%，同时温室气体净排放量和温室气体强度分别降低了5.1%和8.5%。优化后的氮素投入、灌溉水和残茬保留量分别减少了17.2%、6.7%和20.0%。这些发现表明，适应性作物日历可以显著推进气候智慧型农业，并应纳入气候变化影响评估。

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引用次数: 0

Developing scalable farm typologies to guide sustainable intensification in the fragile agroecosystems of the Indian Sundarbans 开发可扩展的农场类型，以指导印度孙德尔本斯脆弱农业生态系统的可持续集约化

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104624

Kalyan Roy , Marta Monjardino , Mohammed Mainuddin , Sukamal Sarkar , Krishnendu Ray , Poulami Sen , Srijan Samanta , Akash Panda , Sanchayeeta Misra , Argha Ghosh , Esmat Ara Begum , Rupak Goswami

Context

Sustainable Intensification (SI) aims to boost smallholder productivity while conserving natural resources. However, farm-level heterogeneity often limits equitable access to SI benefits. While most typology studies rely on quantitative methods, few use integrated mixed methods to develop scalable typologies from small samples, especially in fragile agroecosystems.

Objectives

This study aimed to: a) classify heterogenous farms using participatory and statistical methods; b) construct a flexible decision support tree to scale out farm typologies to locations beyond initial study area; and c) examine the validity and usefulness of the scalable farm types through stakeholder engagement.

Methods

A mixed-methods design was used. First, Focus Group Discussions in four villages used a participatory card-sorting exercise where farmers classified 202 beneficiary households by eight visualized parameters (cropping pattern, landholding, off-farm income, etc.). The resulting farmer-defined groups formed the basis for respondent sampling in the questionnaire survey. Quantitative data from survey were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis to identify statistical farm types. Farm types were characterized using the household data and five-year recall data on changing livelihoods trends. For wider application, a Classification and Regression Tree (CRT) analysis was performed to generate a decision tree, using the identified farm types as target variable The tree was refined and successfully applied in new locations, with validation from local experts. Yield differences of SI technology (Zero-Tillage Potato) across farm types were compared between expert and empirical classifications.

Results and conclusions

Statistical analysis identified five dynamic farm types, including a distinct landless group, ranging from resource-rich to resource-poor. The CRT classified seven types with 86.6 % accuracy using binary splits on landholding, livestock, income, irrigation, and crop diversity, with additional branches for unique configurations. Expert validation showed strong concordance. Field testing revealed yield differences across farm types, aligning with expert classifications. The typology illustrates a progression from low-input systems to diversified, resource-rich farms integrating crops, livestock, fisheries, and innovations in water, nutrients, mechanization, and markets.

Significance

The study demonstrates the utility of typologies not only for classification but also for effectively targeting SI interventions. This scalable, context-sensitive framework supports innovation upscaling in heterogeneous agroecosystems, especially where longitudinal data are unavailable.

可持续集约化（SI）旨在提高小农生产力，同时保护自然资源。然而，农场层面的异质性往往限制了公平获得SI福利的机会。虽然大多数类型研究依赖于定量方法，但很少使用综合混合方法从小样本中开发可扩展的类型，特别是在脆弱的农业生态系统中。本研究旨在：a)采用参与式和统计方法对异质农场进行分类；B)构建一个灵活的决策支持树，将农场类型扩展到初始研究区域以外的地点；c)通过利益相关者参与来检验可扩展农场类型的有效性和有用性。方法采用混合方法设计。首先，四个村庄的焦点小组讨论采用参与式卡片分类方法，农民根据8个可视化参数（种植模式、土地持有情况、非农收入等）对202个受益家庭进行分类。由此产生的农民定义的群体构成了问卷调查中被调查者抽样的基础。对调查所得定量数据进行主成分分析和聚类分析，确定统计农场类型。利用家庭数据和关于生计变化趋势的5年召回数据对农场类型进行了表征。为了更广泛的应用，使用已确定的农场类型作为目标变量，进行了分类和回归树（CRT）分析以生成决策树。该树经过改进并成功应用于新的地点，并得到了当地专家的验证。采用专家分类和经验分类比较了免耕马铃薯在不同耕作类型上的产量差异。结果与结论通过统计分析，确定了五种动态的农场类型，包括一个明显的无地群体，从资源丰富到资源贫乏。CRT利用土地占有、牲畜、收入、灌溉和作物多样性的二元分类，将7种类型划分为86.6%的准确率，并对独特的配置进行了额外的分类。专家验证显示出很强的一致性。田间试验揭示了不同农场类型的产量差异，与专家分类一致。该类型说明了从低投入系统到整合作物、牲畜、渔业以及水、营养、机械化和市场创新的多样化、资源丰富的农场的发展。意义本研究表明类型学不仅用于分类，而且用于有效靶向SI干预。这种可扩展的、对环境敏感的框架支持异质农业生态系统的创新升级，特别是在无法获得纵向数据的情况下。

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引用次数: 0

The yield-biomass-water-environment nexus model unravels the plastic mulching film dilemma: Yield gains vs. environmental cascades in China’s cotton systems 产量-生物量-水环境关系模型揭示了塑料地膜的困境：中国棉花系统的产量增益与环境级联

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104614

Yifan Gu , Zixin Bian , Qianqian Shi , Ziyi Zhao , Haixia Li , Rui Li , He Peng , Ming Yang , Qingbin Yuan , Yufeng Wu

BACKGROUND

Plastic mulching film (PMF) is extensively applied in cotton cultivation to enhance yields, yet its comprehensive environmental consequences remain inadequately quantified.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to quantify the multi-dimensional impacts of PMF on cotton production across 18 Chinese provinces by developing a yield–biomass–water–environment (YBWE) nexus analysis model.

METHODS

Integrating the WOFOST crop model, mixed regression, and life cycle assessment (LCA), we evaluated effects across 35 cross-cutting promotion scenarios, accounting for provincial disparities in natural conditions and agricultural practices.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

PMF promotion is projected to increase China's average cotton yield from 2.41 t/ha to 3.21 t/ha by 2050, with the most significant gains in the northwest inland region. While improving water use efficiency, PMF exacerbates water scarcity in arid areas, increasing consumption by 564.93 t/ha in the northwest. A “V-shaped” PMF residue belt will form, raising aggregate environmental impacts by 74.74 % compared to 2021. Economically, PMF boosts profits—especially in the northwest (up to USD 1890.61/ha)—but over 50 % of provinces face net ecological losses. The optimal scenario couples high-intensity PMF promotion in low-income regions with high-strength PMF application, reducing environmental impacts by over 40 % and avoiding USD 1.83 trillion in ecological costs.

SIGNIFICANCE

This study provides a scientifically supported strategy for PMF promotion that balances yield growth with environmental sustainability, informing policy for coordinated agricultural and ecological development.

背景塑料地膜（PMF）广泛应用于棉花种植以提高产量，但其综合环境后果尚未充分量化。目的通过建立产量-生物量-水环境（YBWE）关联分析模型，量化PMF对中国18个省区棉花生产的多维影响。方法结合WOFOST作物模型、混合回归和生命周期评估（LCA），在考虑各省自然条件和农业实践差异的情况下，对35种跨领域推广方案的效果进行了评估。结果与讨论预计到2050年，pmf的推广将使中国棉花平均产量从2.41吨/公顷提高到3.21吨/公顷，其中西北内陆地区的增幅最大。在提高水资源利用效率的同时，PMF加剧了干旱地区的水资源短缺，使西北地区的用水量增加了564.93 t/ha。将形成“v型”PMF残留带，与2021年相比，总环境影响将增加74.74%。从经济上讲，PMF提高了利润——特别是在西北地区（高达1890.61美元/公顷）——但超过50%的省份面临净生态损失。在最优情景下，低收入地区的高强度PMF推广与高强度PMF应用相结合，可将环境影响降低40%以上，避免1.83万亿美元的生态成本。意义本研究为平衡产量增长与环境可持续性的PMF促进策略提供了科学支持，为农业与生态协调发展提供政策依据。

{"title":"The yield-biomass-water-environment nexus model unravels the plastic mulching film dilemma: Yield gains vs. environmental cascades in China’s cotton systems","authors":"Yifan Gu , Zixin Bian , Qianqian Shi , Ziyi Zhao , Haixia Li , Rui Li , He Peng , Ming Yang , Qingbin Yuan , Yufeng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>BACKGROUND</h3><div>Plastic mulching film (PMF) is extensively applied in cotton cultivation to enhance yields, yet its comprehensive environmental consequences remain inadequately quantified.</div></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>This study aims to quantify the multi-dimensional impacts of PMF on cotton production across 18 Chinese provinces by developing a yield–biomass–water–environment (YBWE) nexus analysis model.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>Integrating the WOFOST crop model, mixed regression, and life cycle assessment (LCA), we evaluated effects across 35 cross-cutting promotion scenarios, accounting for provincial disparities in natural conditions and agricultural practices.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND DISCUSSION</h3><div>PMF promotion is projected to increase China's average cotton yield from 2.41 t/ha to 3.21 t/ha by 2050, with the most significant gains in the northwest inland region. While improving water use efficiency, PMF exacerbates water scarcity in arid areas, increasing consumption by 564.93 t/ha in the northwest. A “V-shaped” PMF residue belt will form, raising aggregate environmental impacts by 74.74 % compared to 2021. Economically, PMF boosts profits—especially in the northwest (up to USD 1890.61/ha)—but over 50 % of provinces face net ecological losses. The optimal scenario couples high-intensity PMF promotion in low-income regions with high-strength PMF application, reducing environmental impacts by over 40 % and avoiding USD 1.83 trillion in ecological costs.</div></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><div>This study provides a scientifically supported strategy for PMF promotion that balances yield growth with environmental sustainability, informing policy for coordinated agricultural and ecological development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7730,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Systems","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 104614"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the global potential for transition from single to multiple cropping 评估全球从单作向复作过渡的潜力

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104618

Qiankun Niu , Mika Jalava , Vilma Sandström , Kpade O.L. Hounkpatin , Sina Masoumzadeh Sayyar , Dandan Zhao , Matias Heino , Matti Kummu

CONTEXT

As part of sustainable crop intensification, multiple cropping has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing agricultural productivity without expanding cropland. Although existing studies have explored conditions required for multiple cropping adoption, a comprehensive, global assessment of the potential for transition from single to multiple cropping remains lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to i) identify the most influential determinants affecting global cropping systems from biophysical, agricultural input-related, and socio-economic perspectives; ii) quantify their associations with single versus multiple cropping at 30 arc-min resolution; and iii) assess the potential for adopting multiple cropping on cropland currently under single cropping for maize, wheat, rice, and soybean.

METHODS

We employed eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to quantify relationships between cropping systems and global variables, including climate, water, environment, agriculture, and socio-economics with consistent temporal coverage (1998–2002). To delineate potential transition zones, we applied K-means clustering to these variable groups across four crops, comparing the similarities and differences in growing conditions in single and multiple cropping systems.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Climate variations and agricultural inputs are the most important sets of variables shaping multiple cropping potential. Single cropping systems on 80 million hectares (8 % of global single-cropped land) could transition to multiple cropping across the four crops. Transition potential is, on average, 35 % higher in irrigated systems than in rainfed systems, and the area suitable for transition is 1.7 times larger in irrigated systems. These areas are concentrated in North America, Southeast Asia, and Southern Europe.

SIGNIFICANCE

Our findings highlight both promising targets for sustainable intensification and critical data gaps under current climatic conditions, thereby helping to prioritize regions for subsequent, site-specific analysis and targeted interventions toward sustainable food systems under a changing climate.

背景作为可持续作物集约化的一部分，复种已成为在不扩大耕地的情况下提高农业生产力的一种有希望的解决方案。虽然现有的研究已经探索了采用多熟种植所需的条件，但对从单一种植向多熟种植过渡的潜力仍然缺乏全面的全球评估。本研究旨在i)从生物物理、农业投入相关和社会经济角度确定影响全球种植系统的最具影响力的决定因素；Ii)量化它们在30弧分分辨率下与单次和多次种植的关联；iii)评估在目前单作玉米、小麦、水稻和大豆的农田上实行复作的潜力。方法采用极端梯度增强（XGBoost）方法，定量分析1998-2002年间作物种植制度与气候、水、环境、农业和社会经济等全球变量之间的关系。为了划定潜在的过渡区，我们对四种作物的这些变量组进行了k均值聚类，比较了单种和多种作物生长条件的异同。结果与结论气候变化和农业投入是影响复种潜力的最重要变量。8000万公顷（占全球单一作物种植面积的8%）的单一作物种植系统可以过渡到四种作物的多重种植。灌溉系统的过渡潜力平均比雨养系统高35%，适合过渡的面积是灌溉系统的1.7倍。这些地区集中在北美、东南亚和南欧。我们的研究结果突出了可持续集约化的有希望目标和当前气候条件下的关键数据缺口，从而有助于确定区域优先顺序，以便在气候变化下进行具体地点分析和有针对性的可持续粮食系统干预。

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引用次数: 0

Pilots, proponents and policy windows: How Results-Based Payment Schemes (RBPS) became mainstream in Irish agri-environmental policy 试点，支持者和政策窗口：基于结果的支付计划（RBPS）如何成为爱尔兰农业环境政策的主流

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104621

Boru Douthwaite , Gary Goggins , Andy Bleasdale , Pamela Boyle , Ciara Carberry , Patrick Crushell , Brian Delaney , Brendan Dunford , Catherine Keena , Victoria McArthur , James Moran , John Muldowney , Barry O'Donoghue , Caroline Sullivan , Derek McLoughlin

CONTEXT

Prescription-based agri-environmental schemes have demonstrated poor return on investment, prompting exploration of alternative mechanisms including results-based and hybrid approaches. Ireland's decision to mainstream Results-Based agri-environmental Payment Schemes (RBPS) in its 2023–2027 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Strategic Plan represents Europe's largest implementation of RBPS in agricultural policy.

OBJECTIVES

To analyze the policy decision-making process behind Ireland's mainstreaming of RBPS, examining how this innovative agri-environmental policy was developed and the factors that enabled its large-scale implementation within the CAP framework.

METHODS

The study employed three complementary analytical perspectives: historical timeline analysis, complex adaptive systems theory, and policy windows theory. Data collection involved interviews with 14 key stakeholders, a validation workshop and analysis of relevant literature.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

RBPS emerged through a 20-year evolutionary process involving pilot projects, evidence building, and sustained advocacy by a ‘coalition of the willing’. Pilot projects played a crucial role in providing proof of concept, building implementation capacity, and developing methodologies. Policy change resulted from the strategic combination of ongoing advocacy efforts with the effective utilization of policy windows, particularly CAP cycles. However, scaling RBPS nationally presents implementation challenges, especially concerning IT systems and administrative capacity.

SIGNIFICANCE

This research contributes to understanding how innovative agri-environmental policies can be effectively developed and implemented at scale. Multiple analytical perspectives provide valuable insights for future policy development in complex governance domains. Key recommendations for strengthening future implementation include upgrading technical infrastructure, enhancing farmer engagement, improving training programs, refining payment structures, and better advance planning.

基于处方的农业环境计划的投资回报很低，这促使人们探索其他机制，包括基于结果的方法和混合方法。爱尔兰决定将基于结果的农业环境支付计划（RBPS）纳入其2023-2027年共同农业政策（CAP）战略计划的主流，这是欧洲在农业政策中最大的RBPS实施。目的分析爱尔兰RBPS主流化背后的政策决策过程，研究这一创新的农业环境政策是如何制定的，以及使其在CAP框架内大规模实施的因素。方法采用历史时间线分析、复杂适应系统理论和政策窗口理论三种互补的分析视角。数据收集包括与14个关键利益相关者的访谈，验证研讨会和相关文献分析。结果和结论srbps的出现经历了20年的演变过程，包括试点项目、证据建立和“自愿联盟”的持续倡导。试点项目在提供概念证明、建设实施能力和开发方法方面发挥了关键作用。政策变化是由于正在进行的宣传工作与有效利用政策窗口，特别是共同政策周期的战略结合。然而，在全国范围内扩展RBPS存在实施挑战，特别是在IT系统和管理能力方面。意义本研究有助于理解创新的农业环境政策如何有效地制定和大规模实施。多个分析视角为复杂治理领域的未来政策制定提供了有价值的见解。加强未来实施的主要建议包括升级技术基础设施、加强农民参与、改进培训项目、完善支付结构以及更好地提前规划。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated assessment of carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of black rice under coupled water‑nitrogen conditions 水氮耦合条件下黑米碳足迹与生态系统净经济效益综合评价

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104620

Zhaoqiang Jin , Qianqian Chen , Meilin Chen , Matthew Tom Harrison , Shijie Shi , Ke Liu , Liying Huang , Xiaohai Tian , Yunbo Zhang , Lixiao Nie

Context

In contemporary Chinese agriculture, rice production relies heavily on intensive water and nitrogen inputs. However, the scientific literature lacks comprehensive assessments of the carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of rice under varying water‑nitrogen management scenarios.

Objective

This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of water‑nitrogen coupling on the carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of rice cultivation.

Methods

A field experiment with three water management practices (rainfed, alternating wet and dry irrigation, and flooded irrigation) and four nitrogen fertilizer application levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha⁻¹) was conducted in 2021 and 2022. This study comprehensively assessed the effects of different water and nitrogen management practices on greenhouse gas emissions, carbon footprint, and net ecosystem economic benefits of black rice production.

Results and conclusions

Results showed that rainfed conditions reduced the global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity, and carbon footprint of rice by 37.57 %, 27.85 %, and 20.82 % relative to alternating wet and dry irrigation, and by 49.64 %, 41.58 %, and 35.96 % compared to flooded irrigation. Concurrently, net ecosystem economic benefits decreased by 22.76 % and 15.53 % under rainfed conditions relative to alternating wet and dry irrigation and flooded irrigation, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization also exhibited differential effects; for ≤100 kg ha⁻¹, incremental nitrogen inputs enhanced net ecosystem economic benefits without commensurate increases in greenhouse gas intensity and carbon footprint. Applications exceeding 100 kg ha⁻¹ significantly increased carbon footprint and greenhouse gas intensity, diminishing net ecosystem economic benefits. Diesel fuel, nitrogen fertilizers, and agricultural machinery were primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in rice production, underscoring the necessity of reducing irrigation water and nitrogen application rates for effective greenhouse gas mitigation. We conclude that the alternating wet and dry irrigation with a nitrogen application rate of 100 kg ha⁻¹ treatment optimized environmental and economic outcomes, achieving lower carbon footprint and higher net ecosystem economic benefits.

Significance

The findings provide valuable insights for achieving the balance between environmental sustainability and economic benefits of rice production, which is of great significance for the establishment of a green and efficient rice production technology system and the formulation of related agricultural production policies in China.

在当代中国农业中，水稻生产严重依赖于密集的水和氮投入。然而，科学文献缺乏对不同水氮管理情景下水稻的碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的综合评估。目的系统评价水氮耦合对水稻种植碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的影响。方法在2021年和2022年分别进行3种水管理方式（雨养、干湿交替灌溉和淹水灌溉）和4个氮肥施用水平（0、50、100和150 kg N ha−1）的田间试验。本研究综合评价了不同水氮管理措施对黑米生产温室气体排放、碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的影响。结果与结论结果表明，旱作条件下水稻的全球变暖潜势、温室气体强度和碳足迹分别比干湿交替灌溉降低了37.57%、27.85%和20.82%，比淹水灌溉分别降低了49.64%、41.58%和35.96%。与干湿交替灌溉和淹水灌溉相比，雨养条件下的生态系统净经济效益分别下降22.76%和15.53%。施氮也表现出差异效应；在≤100 kg ha−1的情况下，增加的氮投入增加了生态系统的净经济效益，而温室气体强度和碳足迹没有相应增加。施用超过100 kg ha - 1显著增加了碳足迹和温室气体强度，降低了生态系统的净经济效益。柴油燃料、氮肥和农业机械是水稻生产中温室气体排放的主要来源，这突出表明，为了有效减少温室气体排放，必须减少灌溉用水和氮肥施用量。综上所述，施氮量为100 kg ha - 1的干湿交替灌溉优化了环境和经济效益，实现了更低的碳足迹和更高的净生态系统经济效益。研究结果为实现水稻生产的环境可持续性与经济效益之间的平衡提供了有价值的见解，对中国建立绿色高效的水稻生产技术体系和制定相关农业生产政策具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated crop-ruminant livestock systems as a strategy to increase energy, carbon and nutrient circularity: Exploring scenarios in dairy production systems across the southern hemisphere 综合作物-反刍牲畜系统作为提高能源、碳和养分循环的战略：探索整个南半球乳制品生产系统的情景

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104616

Jean Hercher-Pasteur , Ronaldo Vibart , Andre Mazzetto , Maria Paz Tieri , Claudia Faverin , Sofia Stirling , Dirk Wallace , Verónica Ciganda , Santiago Fariña , Alvaro Romera

CONTEXT

This study investigates the integration potential of crop-livestock systems within dairy production in Uruguay, New Zealand, and Argentina, addressing the dual challenges of increasing food production and enhancing environmental sustainability.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to explore integration strategies for dairy farm systems in order to increase food output and circularity, reduce GHG-e, nutrient losses and improve production system resiliency.

METHODS

We developed a framework and modeled four progressive scenarios for each country's dairy systems, focusing on energy flows, carbon emissions, and nitrogen balance.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that higher levels of integration significantly reduce environmental impacts and increase resilience. Specifically, as integration increases, the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) improves due to enhanced self-sufficiency and reduced reliance on external feed sources. For instance, the transition from conventional to ecosystem-based practices led to notable reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, achieving lower carbon footprint through increased diversification and the incorporation of agroforestry. Nitrogen use efficiency also showed marked improvements as nitrogen surpluses decreased across scenarios, primarily due to better management of animal excretions and the integration of crops. Despite the promising outcomes, challenges remain, including farmers' capacity to diversify and the substantial investments in infrastructure and management required to facilitate such transitions.

SIGNIFICANCE

Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of integrating crop-livestock systems to address the complexities of sustainable dairy production, while also urging further exploration into practical strategies that can support farmers in adapting to environmental and economic pressures.

本研究调查了乌拉圭、新西兰和阿根廷乳制品生产中作物-牲畜系统的整合潜力，以解决增加粮食产量和增强环境可持续性的双重挑战。目的：探索奶牛场系统的整合策略，以增加粮食产量和循环，减少温室气体-e，营养损失，提高生产系统的弹性。方法我们开发了一个框架，并为每个国家的乳制品系统建立了四种渐进情景模型，重点关注能量流、碳排放和氮平衡。结果与结论研究表明，整合水平越高，对环境的影响越小，恢复力越强。具体来说，随着一体化程度的提高，能源投资回报率（EROI）也会提高，因为自给自足程度提高了，对外部饲料来源的依赖减少了。例如，从传统做法向基于生态系统的做法的转变导致温室气体排放显著减少，通过增加多样化和结合农林业实现了更低的碳足迹。氮肥利用效率也有显著提高，因为不同情景下的氮肥过剩减少，这主要是由于对动物排泄物的更好管理和作物的整合。尽管取得了可喜的成果，但挑战依然存在，包括农民多样化的能力，以及促进这种过渡所需的基础设施和管理方面的大量投资。最后，本研究强调了整合作物-牲畜系统以解决可持续乳制品生产的复杂性的重要性，同时也敦促进一步探索可支持农民适应环境和经济压力的实用战略。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporating multifunctional value chain actors' varietal trait preferences in sweetpotato breeding programs: A pathway towards inclusive innovation 将多功能价值链参与者的品种性状偏好纳入甘薯育种计划：一条包容性创新之路

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104610

Julius Juma Okello , Sylvester Okoth Ojwang , David Jakinda Otieno , Robert O.M. Mwanga , Benard Yada , Hugo Campos , Simon Heck

<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><div>Conventional breeding programs have hitherto been farmer-centric, prioritizing improvement of agronomic traits while neglecting trait preferences of other value chain actors. The supply-side focus may lead to low adoption of new varieties and food insecurity. Inclusive breeding is vital for meeting diverse customer needs.</div></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>This study characterizes the multifunctional roles of sweetpotato actors and systematically assesses differences in varietal trait preferences among actors across the entire sweetpotato value chain in Uganda. It is premised on the CGIAR Excellence in Breeding platform's guide to inclusive demand-driven breeding that espouses the need to involve a broad range of stakeholders in breeding program design, hence innovation development. It provides useful insights on varietal trait preferences and needs of actors that are essential to produce future fit-for-purpose market preferred innovations.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>The study used a sequential mixed methods approach involving, first, systematic value chain-wide multidisciplinary consultations to elicit preferred sweetpotato traits. Second, collection of quantitative survey data from 1333 stakeholders identified primarily as producers (992), seed multipliers (68), processors (18), traders (97), and consumers (158). Third, a rigorous quantitative analysis to examine drivers of and trade-offs in varietal trait preferences by actor category.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>The findings demonstrate the multifunctional roles of the actors and their varying trait preferences across the value chain. Actors with singular roles prioritize traits based on their immediate needs and commercial interests while those with joint roles exhibit a broader range of trait preferences. However, actors in both production and trading/consumption roles seek a balance between agronomic and quality traits, blending commercial and personal preferences. Regression analysis finds a higher preference for quality traits than agronomic traits as one moves downstream from producers to consumers. Mealiness is consistently preferred over agronomic and other quality traits. Also, overall, women have a balanced preference for both categories of traits.</div></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><div>The study demonstrates a rigorous participatory research process for eliciting strategic information for decision-making in breeding. It supports the need for systematic market intelligence in crop breeding systems to make them more pluralistic and responsive to evolving trait preferences across the value chain. Embracing multi-actor preferences with fit-for-purpose crop breeding innovations/products can foster uptake of the new varieties and benefit all value chain actors once the mix of trait preferences is fully accounted for in breeding programs and necessary efforts are put in place to ensure the new varieties are successful.</d

迄今为止，传统育种计划一直以农民为中心，优先考虑农艺性状的改善，而忽视了其他价值链参与者的性状偏好。对供给侧的关注可能导致新品种采用率低和粮食不安全。包容性育种对于满足多样化的客户需求至关重要。目的：本研究描述了甘薯参与者的多功能角色，并系统地评估了乌干达整个甘薯价值链中参与者之间品种性状偏好的差异。它以CGIAR卓越育种平台的包容性需求驱动育种指南为前提，该指南支持在育种计划设计中让广泛的利益相关者参与，从而实现创新发展。它提供了关于行动者的各种特征偏好和需求的有用见解，这些对产生未来适合目的的市场偏好创新至关重要。方法本研究采用顺序混合方法，包括：首先，系统的价值链范围内的多学科咨询，以获得首选甘薯性状。其次，收集了来自1333个利益相关者的定量调查数据，这些利益相关者主要是生产者（992）、种子倍增者（68）、加工者（18）、贸易商（97）和消费者（158）。第三，一个严格的定量分析，以检查驱动因素和权衡的品种特征偏好的演员类别。结果与结论研究结果表明，在整个价值链中，参与者的多功能角色及其不同的特质偏好。拥有单一角色的演员根据他们的直接需求和商业利益来优先考虑特征，而拥有多个角色的演员则表现出更广泛的特征偏好。然而，生产和贸易/消费角色的参与者寻求农艺和质量特征之间的平衡，混合商业和个人偏好。回归分析发现，从生产者到消费者，对品质性状的偏好高于农艺性状。在农艺性状和其他品质性状中，肉质一直是首选。此外，总体而言，女性对这两类特质的偏好是平衡的。意义：该研究展示了一个严谨的参与式研究过程，可以为育种决策提供战略信息。它支持在作物育种系统中需要系统的市场情报，使其更加多元化，并对整个价值链中不断变化的性状偏好作出反应。采用多因素偏好和适合用途的作物育种创新/产品可以促进新品种的吸收，一旦在育种计划中充分考虑到性状偏好的混合，并采取必要的措施确保新品种成功，就可以使所有价值链参与者受益。

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引用次数: 0

Collective action and seed production in Uttar Pradesh, India: A pathway for women's empowerment and community seed security 印度北方邦的集体行动和种子生产：增强妇女权能和社区种子安全的途径

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104595

Krista Isaacs , Arena Shelley (Formerly Lewis) , Walter Simon de Boef

CONTEXT

Seed production and distribution of quality varieties require innovative approaches in order to reach smallholder farmers that are outside of formal distribution networks. Many development interventions aim to empower women and ensure food security. Interventions to achieve both women's empowerment and seed security through community-based seed production may contribute to both goals. Building on many years working to empower women through self-help groups (SHGs), Rajiv Gandhi Mahila Vikas Pariyojana (RGMVP) sought to increase seed security by incorporating a rice and wheat seed production program, in which 800+ women became seed producers.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed how a layered self-help group/seed production program contributed to women's empowerment and seed security. Specific objectives were to assess: i) how becoming seed producers changed women's resources, agency, and achievement; and ii) women's perspectives on how seed security changed within the community.

METHODS

In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 SHG seed producer members and 18 non-seed producer members from Uttar Pradesh, India. Grounded theory and an extensive literature review of empowerment were used to analyze the data for emergent themes. Descriptive summaries were written for each theme to understand trends and note cross-sectional themes.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The seed production program within the SHGs empowered seed-producing women. Their resources, agency, and achievement were positively impacted through collective action. Meaningful choice was introduced through participatory variety selection of rice and wheat varieties, and the actualization of that choice was demonstrated through increased decision-making and seed production. Women reported being more respected for their provision of quality seed, which became available at the community level and beyond for barter or purchase, providing evidence of increased seed security across SHG networks. The integrated seed sector program implemented by RGMVP - where improved foundation seed was multiplied by women seed producers at the local level – served as a mechanism for strengthening the availability and affordability of improved rice and wheat cultivars.

SIGNIFICANCE

RGMVP worked with 2 million women members across 40 districts and the seed production program was piloted in just 2 districts. 47,000 farmers gaining access to rice and wheat seed through the program. There are 9 million SHGs in India. With gender responsive community engagement, there is potential for adapting the program to new contexts and generating positive change in women's lives and their households, while enhancing the capacity of the seed sector to support community seed security.

背景优质品种的种子生产和分销需要创新的方法，以便惠及正规分销网络之外的小农。许多发展干预措施旨在增强妇女权能和确保粮食安全。通过以社区为基础的种子生产实现妇女赋权和种子安全的干预措施可能有助于实现这两个目标。多年来，拉吉夫·甘地（Rajiv Gandhi Mahila Vikas Pariyojana）一直致力于通过自助小组（shg）赋予妇女权力，并通过纳入水稻和小麦种子生产计划来提高种子安全，在该计划中，800多名妇女成为种子生产者。目的：本研究评估了分层自助小组/种子生产计划如何促进妇女赋权和种子安全。具体目标是评估：i)成为种子生产者如何改变妇女的资源、能动性和成就；ii)妇女对种子安全如何在社区内发生变化的看法。方法对来自印度北方邦的18名SHG种子生产商成员和18名非种子生产商成员进行了深入的半结构化访谈。扎根理论和广泛的文献回顾授权被用来分析数据的新兴主题。为每个主题编写了描述性摘要，以了解趋势并注意横截面主题。结果与结论SHGs内的种子生产计划赋予了种子生产妇女权力。他们的资源、能动性和成就通过集体行动得到了积极的影响。通过参与式水稻和小麦品种选择引入了有意义的选择，并通过增加决策和种子产量证明了这种选择的实现。据报告，妇女因提供优质种子而受到更多尊重，这些种子可以在社区一级及以外的地方以物易物或购买，这证明了在SHG网络中种子安全得到了提高。RGMVP实施的种子部门综合项目——改良的基础种子由地方一级的妇女种子生产者繁殖——成为加强改良水稻和小麦品种的可得性和可负担性的机制。该项目与40个地区的200万名女性成员合作，种子生产项目仅在2个地区进行了试点。47,000名农民通过该项目获得了水稻和小麦种子。印度有900万shg。有了促进性别平等的社区参与，就有可能使该项目适应新的情况，为妇女的生活和家庭带来积极变化，同时增强种子部门支持社区种子安全的能力。

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引用次数: 0