Agricultural Systems最新文献_第3页

Assessing the global potential for transition from single to multiple cropping 评估全球从单作向复作过渡的潜力

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104618

Qiankun Niu , Mika Jalava , Vilma Sandström , Kpade O.L. Hounkpatin , Sina Masoumzadeh Sayyar , Dandan Zhao , Matias Heino , Matti Kummu

CONTEXT

As part of sustainable crop intensification, multiple cropping has emerged as a promising solution for enhancing agricultural productivity without expanding cropland. Although existing studies have explored conditions required for multiple cropping adoption, a comprehensive, global assessment of the potential for transition from single to multiple cropping remains lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to i) identify the most influential determinants affecting global cropping systems from biophysical, agricultural input-related, and socio-economic perspectives; ii) quantify their associations with single versus multiple cropping at 30 arc-min resolution; and iii) assess the potential for adopting multiple cropping on cropland currently under single cropping for maize, wheat, rice, and soybean.

METHODS

We employed eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) to quantify relationships between cropping systems and global variables, including climate, water, environment, agriculture, and socio-economics with consistent temporal coverage (1998–2002). To delineate potential transition zones, we applied K-means clustering to these variable groups across four crops, comparing the similarities and differences in growing conditions in single and multiple cropping systems.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

Climate variations and agricultural inputs are the most important sets of variables shaping multiple cropping potential. Single cropping systems on 80 million hectares (8 % of global single-cropped land) could transition to multiple cropping across the four crops. Transition potential is, on average, 35 % higher in irrigated systems than in rainfed systems, and the area suitable for transition is 1.7 times larger in irrigated systems. These areas are concentrated in North America, Southeast Asia, and Southern Europe.

SIGNIFICANCE

Our findings highlight both promising targets for sustainable intensification and critical data gaps under current climatic conditions, thereby helping to prioritize regions for subsequent, site-specific analysis and targeted interventions toward sustainable food systems under a changing climate.

背景作为可持续作物集约化的一部分，复种已成为在不扩大耕地的情况下提高农业生产力的一种有希望的解决方案。虽然现有的研究已经探索了采用多熟种植所需的条件，但对从单一种植向多熟种植过渡的潜力仍然缺乏全面的全球评估。本研究旨在i)从生物物理、农业投入相关和社会经济角度确定影响全球种植系统的最具影响力的决定因素；Ii)量化它们在30弧分分辨率下与单次和多次种植的关联；iii)评估在目前单作玉米、小麦、水稻和大豆的农田上实行复作的潜力。方法采用极端梯度增强（XGBoost）方法，定量分析1998-2002年间作物种植制度与气候、水、环境、农业和社会经济等全球变量之间的关系。为了划定潜在的过渡区，我们对四种作物的这些变量组进行了k均值聚类，比较了单种和多种作物生长条件的异同。结果与结论气候变化和农业投入是影响复种潜力的最重要变量。8000万公顷（占全球单一作物种植面积的8%）的单一作物种植系统可以过渡到四种作物的多重种植。灌溉系统的过渡潜力平均比雨养系统高35%，适合过渡的面积是灌溉系统的1.7倍。这些地区集中在北美、东南亚和南欧。我们的研究结果突出了可持续集约化的有希望目标和当前气候条件下的关键数据缺口，从而有助于确定区域优先顺序，以便在气候变化下进行具体地点分析和有针对性的可持续粮食系统干预。

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引用次数: 0

Pilots, proponents and policy windows: How Results-Based Payment Schemes (RBPS) became mainstream in Irish agri-environmental policy 试点，支持者和政策窗口：基于结果的支付计划（RBPS）如何成为爱尔兰农业环境政策的主流

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104621

Boru Douthwaite , Gary Goggins , Andy Bleasdale , Pamela Boyle , Ciara Carberry , Patrick Crushell , Brian Delaney , Brendan Dunford , Catherine Keena , Victoria McArthur , James Moran , John Muldowney , Barry O'Donoghue , Caroline Sullivan , Derek McLoughlin

CONTEXT

Prescription-based agri-environmental schemes have demonstrated poor return on investment, prompting exploration of alternative mechanisms including results-based and hybrid approaches. Ireland's decision to mainstream Results-Based agri-environmental Payment Schemes (RBPS) in its 2023–2027 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Strategic Plan represents Europe's largest implementation of RBPS in agricultural policy.

OBJECTIVES

To analyze the policy decision-making process behind Ireland's mainstreaming of RBPS, examining how this innovative agri-environmental policy was developed and the factors that enabled its large-scale implementation within the CAP framework.

METHODS

The study employed three complementary analytical perspectives: historical timeline analysis, complex adaptive systems theory, and policy windows theory. Data collection involved interviews with 14 key stakeholders, a validation workshop and analysis of relevant literature.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

RBPS emerged through a 20-year evolutionary process involving pilot projects, evidence building, and sustained advocacy by a ‘coalition of the willing’. Pilot projects played a crucial role in providing proof of concept, building implementation capacity, and developing methodologies. Policy change resulted from the strategic combination of ongoing advocacy efforts with the effective utilization of policy windows, particularly CAP cycles. However, scaling RBPS nationally presents implementation challenges, especially concerning IT systems and administrative capacity.

SIGNIFICANCE

This research contributes to understanding how innovative agri-environmental policies can be effectively developed and implemented at scale. Multiple analytical perspectives provide valuable insights for future policy development in complex governance domains. Key recommendations for strengthening future implementation include upgrading technical infrastructure, enhancing farmer engagement, improving training programs, refining payment structures, and better advance planning.

基于处方的农业环境计划的投资回报很低，这促使人们探索其他机制，包括基于结果的方法和混合方法。爱尔兰决定将基于结果的农业环境支付计划（RBPS）纳入其2023-2027年共同农业政策（CAP）战略计划的主流，这是欧洲在农业政策中最大的RBPS实施。目的分析爱尔兰RBPS主流化背后的政策决策过程，研究这一创新的农业环境政策是如何制定的，以及使其在CAP框架内大规模实施的因素。方法采用历史时间线分析、复杂适应系统理论和政策窗口理论三种互补的分析视角。数据收集包括与14个关键利益相关者的访谈，验证研讨会和相关文献分析。结果和结论srbps的出现经历了20年的演变过程，包括试点项目、证据建立和“自愿联盟”的持续倡导。试点项目在提供概念证明、建设实施能力和开发方法方面发挥了关键作用。政策变化是由于正在进行的宣传工作与有效利用政策窗口，特别是共同政策周期的战略结合。然而，在全国范围内扩展RBPS存在实施挑战，特别是在IT系统和管理能力方面。意义本研究有助于理解创新的农业环境政策如何有效地制定和大规模实施。多个分析视角为复杂治理领域的未来政策制定提供了有价值的见解。加强未来实施的主要建议包括升级技术基础设施、加强农民参与、改进培训项目、完善支付结构以及更好地提前规划。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated assessment of carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of black rice under coupled water‑nitrogen conditions 水氮耦合条件下黑米碳足迹与生态系统净经济效益综合评价

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104620

Zhaoqiang Jin , Qianqian Chen , Meilin Chen , Matthew Tom Harrison , Shijie Shi , Ke Liu , Liying Huang , Xiaohai Tian , Yunbo Zhang , Lixiao Nie

Context

In contemporary Chinese agriculture, rice production relies heavily on intensive water and nitrogen inputs. However, the scientific literature lacks comprehensive assessments of the carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of rice under varying water‑nitrogen management scenarios.

Objective

This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of water‑nitrogen coupling on the carbon footprint and net ecosystem economic benefits of rice cultivation.

Methods

A field experiment with three water management practices (rainfed, alternating wet and dry irrigation, and flooded irrigation) and four nitrogen fertilizer application levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha⁻¹) was conducted in 2021 and 2022. This study comprehensively assessed the effects of different water and nitrogen management practices on greenhouse gas emissions, carbon footprint, and net ecosystem economic benefits of black rice production.

Results and conclusions

Results showed that rainfed conditions reduced the global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity, and carbon footprint of rice by 37.57 %, 27.85 %, and 20.82 % relative to alternating wet and dry irrigation, and by 49.64 %, 41.58 %, and 35.96 % compared to flooded irrigation. Concurrently, net ecosystem economic benefits decreased by 22.76 % and 15.53 % under rainfed conditions relative to alternating wet and dry irrigation and flooded irrigation, respectively. Nitrogen fertilization also exhibited differential effects; for ≤100 kg ha⁻¹, incremental nitrogen inputs enhanced net ecosystem economic benefits without commensurate increases in greenhouse gas intensity and carbon footprint. Applications exceeding 100 kg ha⁻¹ significantly increased carbon footprint and greenhouse gas intensity, diminishing net ecosystem economic benefits. Diesel fuel, nitrogen fertilizers, and agricultural machinery were primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions in rice production, underscoring the necessity of reducing irrigation water and nitrogen application rates for effective greenhouse gas mitigation. We conclude that the alternating wet and dry irrigation with a nitrogen application rate of 100 kg ha⁻¹ treatment optimized environmental and economic outcomes, achieving lower carbon footprint and higher net ecosystem economic benefits.

Significance

The findings provide valuable insights for achieving the balance between environmental sustainability and economic benefits of rice production, which is of great significance for the establishment of a green and efficient rice production technology system and the formulation of related agricultural production policies in China.

在当代中国农业中，水稻生产严重依赖于密集的水和氮投入。然而，科学文献缺乏对不同水氮管理情景下水稻的碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的综合评估。目的系统评价水氮耦合对水稻种植碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的影响。方法在2021年和2022年分别进行3种水管理方式（雨养、干湿交替灌溉和淹水灌溉）和4个氮肥施用水平（0、50、100和150 kg N ha−1）的田间试验。本研究综合评价了不同水氮管理措施对黑米生产温室气体排放、碳足迹和净生态系统经济效益的影响。结果与结论结果表明，旱作条件下水稻的全球变暖潜势、温室气体强度和碳足迹分别比干湿交替灌溉降低了37.57%、27.85%和20.82%，比淹水灌溉分别降低了49.64%、41.58%和35.96%。与干湿交替灌溉和淹水灌溉相比，雨养条件下的生态系统净经济效益分别下降22.76%和15.53%。施氮也表现出差异效应；在≤100 kg ha−1的情况下，增加的氮投入增加了生态系统的净经济效益，而温室气体强度和碳足迹没有相应增加。施用超过100 kg ha - 1显著增加了碳足迹和温室气体强度，降低了生态系统的净经济效益。柴油燃料、氮肥和农业机械是水稻生产中温室气体排放的主要来源，这突出表明，为了有效减少温室气体排放，必须减少灌溉用水和氮肥施用量。综上所述，施氮量为100 kg ha - 1的干湿交替灌溉优化了环境和经济效益，实现了更低的碳足迹和更高的净生态系统经济效益。研究结果为实现水稻生产的环境可持续性与经济效益之间的平衡提供了有价值的见解，对中国建立绿色高效的水稻生产技术体系和制定相关农业生产政策具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated crop-ruminant livestock systems as a strategy to increase energy, carbon and nutrient circularity: Exploring scenarios in dairy production systems across the southern hemisphere 综合作物-反刍牲畜系统作为提高能源、碳和养分循环的战略：探索整个南半球乳制品生产系统的情景

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104616

Jean Hercher-Pasteur , Ronaldo Vibart , Andre Mazzetto , Maria Paz Tieri , Claudia Faverin , Sofia Stirling , Dirk Wallace , Verónica Ciganda , Santiago Fariña , Alvaro Romera

CONTEXT

This study investigates the integration potential of crop-livestock systems within dairy production in Uruguay, New Zealand, and Argentina, addressing the dual challenges of increasing food production and enhancing environmental sustainability.

OBJECTIVE

The objective is to explore integration strategies for dairy farm systems in order to increase food output and circularity, reduce GHG-e, nutrient losses and improve production system resiliency.

METHODS

We developed a framework and modeled four progressive scenarios for each country's dairy systems, focusing on energy flows, carbon emissions, and nitrogen balance.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate that higher levels of integration significantly reduce environmental impacts and increase resilience. Specifically, as integration increases, the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) improves due to enhanced self-sufficiency and reduced reliance on external feed sources. For instance, the transition from conventional to ecosystem-based practices led to notable reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, achieving lower carbon footprint through increased diversification and the incorporation of agroforestry. Nitrogen use efficiency also showed marked improvements as nitrogen surpluses decreased across scenarios, primarily due to better management of animal excretions and the integration of crops. Despite the promising outcomes, challenges remain, including farmers' capacity to diversify and the substantial investments in infrastructure and management required to facilitate such transitions.

SIGNIFICANCE

Ultimately, this study underscores the importance of integrating crop-livestock systems to address the complexities of sustainable dairy production, while also urging further exploration into practical strategies that can support farmers in adapting to environmental and economic pressures.

本研究调查了乌拉圭、新西兰和阿根廷乳制品生产中作物-牲畜系统的整合潜力，以解决增加粮食产量和增强环境可持续性的双重挑战。目的：探索奶牛场系统的整合策略，以增加粮食产量和循环，减少温室气体-e，营养损失，提高生产系统的弹性。方法我们开发了一个框架，并为每个国家的乳制品系统建立了四种渐进情景模型，重点关注能量流、碳排放和氮平衡。结果与结论研究表明，整合水平越高，对环境的影响越小，恢复力越强。具体来说，随着一体化程度的提高，能源投资回报率（EROI）也会提高，因为自给自足程度提高了，对外部饲料来源的依赖减少了。例如，从传统做法向基于生态系统的做法的转变导致温室气体排放显著减少，通过增加多样化和结合农林业实现了更低的碳足迹。氮肥利用效率也有显著提高，因为不同情景下的氮肥过剩减少，这主要是由于对动物排泄物的更好管理和作物的整合。尽管取得了可喜的成果，但挑战依然存在，包括农民多样化的能力，以及促进这种过渡所需的基础设施和管理方面的大量投资。最后，本研究强调了整合作物-牲畜系统以解决可持续乳制品生产的复杂性的重要性，同时也敦促进一步探索可支持农民适应环境和经济压力的实用战略。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporating multifunctional value chain actors' varietal trait preferences in sweetpotato breeding programs: A pathway towards inclusive innovation 将多功能价值链参与者的品种性状偏好纳入甘薯育种计划：一条包容性创新之路

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104610

Julius Juma Okello , Sylvester Okoth Ojwang , David Jakinda Otieno , Robert O.M. Mwanga , Benard Yada , Hugo Campos , Simon Heck

<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><div>Conventional breeding programs have hitherto been farmer-centric, prioritizing improvement of agronomic traits while neglecting trait preferences of other value chain actors. The supply-side focus may lead to low adoption of new varieties and food insecurity. Inclusive breeding is vital for meeting diverse customer needs.</div></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><div>This study characterizes the multifunctional roles of sweetpotato actors and systematically assesses differences in varietal trait preferences among actors across the entire sweetpotato value chain in Uganda. It is premised on the CGIAR Excellence in Breeding platform's guide to inclusive demand-driven breeding that espouses the need to involve a broad range of stakeholders in breeding program design, hence innovation development. It provides useful insights on varietal trait preferences and needs of actors that are essential to produce future fit-for-purpose market preferred innovations.</div></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><div>The study used a sequential mixed methods approach involving, first, systematic value chain-wide multidisciplinary consultations to elicit preferred sweetpotato traits. Second, collection of quantitative survey data from 1333 stakeholders identified primarily as producers (992), seed multipliers (68), processors (18), traders (97), and consumers (158). Third, a rigorous quantitative analysis to examine drivers of and trade-offs in varietal trait preferences by actor category.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><div>The findings demonstrate the multifunctional roles of the actors and their varying trait preferences across the value chain. Actors with singular roles prioritize traits based on their immediate needs and commercial interests while those with joint roles exhibit a broader range of trait preferences. However, actors in both production and trading/consumption roles seek a balance between agronomic and quality traits, blending commercial and personal preferences. Regression analysis finds a higher preference for quality traits than agronomic traits as one moves downstream from producers to consumers. Mealiness is consistently preferred over agronomic and other quality traits. Also, overall, women have a balanced preference for both categories of traits.</div></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><div>The study demonstrates a rigorous participatory research process for eliciting strategic information for decision-making in breeding. It supports the need for systematic market intelligence in crop breeding systems to make them more pluralistic and responsive to evolving trait preferences across the value chain. Embracing multi-actor preferences with fit-for-purpose crop breeding innovations/products can foster uptake of the new varieties and benefit all value chain actors once the mix of trait preferences is fully accounted for in breeding programs and necessary efforts are put in place to ensure the new varieties are successful.</d

迄今为止，传统育种计划一直以农民为中心，优先考虑农艺性状的改善，而忽视了其他价值链参与者的性状偏好。对供给侧的关注可能导致新品种采用率低和粮食不安全。包容性育种对于满足多样化的客户需求至关重要。目的：本研究描述了甘薯参与者的多功能角色，并系统地评估了乌干达整个甘薯价值链中参与者之间品种性状偏好的差异。它以CGIAR卓越育种平台的包容性需求驱动育种指南为前提，该指南支持在育种计划设计中让广泛的利益相关者参与，从而实现创新发展。它提供了关于行动者的各种特征偏好和需求的有用见解，这些对产生未来适合目的的市场偏好创新至关重要。方法本研究采用顺序混合方法，包括：首先，系统的价值链范围内的多学科咨询，以获得首选甘薯性状。其次，收集了来自1333个利益相关者的定量调查数据，这些利益相关者主要是生产者（992）、种子倍增者（68）、加工者（18）、贸易商（97）和消费者（158）。第三，一个严格的定量分析，以检查驱动因素和权衡的品种特征偏好的演员类别。结果与结论研究结果表明，在整个价值链中，参与者的多功能角色及其不同的特质偏好。拥有单一角色的演员根据他们的直接需求和商业利益来优先考虑特征，而拥有多个角色的演员则表现出更广泛的特征偏好。然而，生产和贸易/消费角色的参与者寻求农艺和质量特征之间的平衡，混合商业和个人偏好。回归分析发现，从生产者到消费者，对品质性状的偏好高于农艺性状。在农艺性状和其他品质性状中，肉质一直是首选。此外，总体而言，女性对这两类特质的偏好是平衡的。意义：该研究展示了一个严谨的参与式研究过程，可以为育种决策提供战略信息。它支持在作物育种系统中需要系统的市场情报，使其更加多元化，并对整个价值链中不断变化的性状偏好作出反应。采用多因素偏好和适合用途的作物育种创新/产品可以促进新品种的吸收，一旦在育种计划中充分考虑到性状偏好的混合，并采取必要的措施确保新品种成功，就可以使所有价值链参与者受益。

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引用次数: 0

Collective action and seed production in Uttar Pradesh, India: A pathway for women's empowerment and community seed security 印度北方邦的集体行动和种子生产：增强妇女权能和社区种子安全的途径

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104595

Krista Isaacs , Arena Shelley (Formerly Lewis) , Walter Simon de Boef

CONTEXT

Seed production and distribution of quality varieties require innovative approaches in order to reach smallholder farmers that are outside of formal distribution networks. Many development interventions aim to empower women and ensure food security. Interventions to achieve both women's empowerment and seed security through community-based seed production may contribute to both goals. Building on many years working to empower women through self-help groups (SHGs), Rajiv Gandhi Mahila Vikas Pariyojana (RGMVP) sought to increase seed security by incorporating a rice and wheat seed production program, in which 800+ women became seed producers.

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed how a layered self-help group/seed production program contributed to women's empowerment and seed security. Specific objectives were to assess: i) how becoming seed producers changed women's resources, agency, and achievement; and ii) women's perspectives on how seed security changed within the community.

METHODS

In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 SHG seed producer members and 18 non-seed producer members from Uttar Pradesh, India. Grounded theory and an extensive literature review of empowerment were used to analyze the data for emergent themes. Descriptive summaries were written for each theme to understand trends and note cross-sectional themes.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

The seed production program within the SHGs empowered seed-producing women. Their resources, agency, and achievement were positively impacted through collective action. Meaningful choice was introduced through participatory variety selection of rice and wheat varieties, and the actualization of that choice was demonstrated through increased decision-making and seed production. Women reported being more respected for their provision of quality seed, which became available at the community level and beyond for barter or purchase, providing evidence of increased seed security across SHG networks. The integrated seed sector program implemented by RGMVP - where improved foundation seed was multiplied by women seed producers at the local level – served as a mechanism for strengthening the availability and affordability of improved rice and wheat cultivars.

SIGNIFICANCE

RGMVP worked with 2 million women members across 40 districts and the seed production program was piloted in just 2 districts. 47,000 farmers gaining access to rice and wheat seed through the program. There are 9 million SHGs in India. With gender responsive community engagement, there is potential for adapting the program to new contexts and generating positive change in women's lives and their households, while enhancing the capacity of the seed sector to support community seed security.

背景优质品种的种子生产和分销需要创新的方法，以便惠及正规分销网络之外的小农。许多发展干预措施旨在增强妇女权能和确保粮食安全。通过以社区为基础的种子生产实现妇女赋权和种子安全的干预措施可能有助于实现这两个目标。多年来，拉吉夫·甘地（Rajiv Gandhi Mahila Vikas Pariyojana）一直致力于通过自助小组（shg）赋予妇女权力，并通过纳入水稻和小麦种子生产计划来提高种子安全，在该计划中，800多名妇女成为种子生产者。目的：本研究评估了分层自助小组/种子生产计划如何促进妇女赋权和种子安全。具体目标是评估：i)成为种子生产者如何改变妇女的资源、能动性和成就；ii)妇女对种子安全如何在社区内发生变化的看法。方法对来自印度北方邦的18名SHG种子生产商成员和18名非种子生产商成员进行了深入的半结构化访谈。扎根理论和广泛的文献回顾授权被用来分析数据的新兴主题。为每个主题编写了描述性摘要，以了解趋势并注意横截面主题。结果与结论SHGs内的种子生产计划赋予了种子生产妇女权力。他们的资源、能动性和成就通过集体行动得到了积极的影响。通过参与式水稻和小麦品种选择引入了有意义的选择，并通过增加决策和种子产量证明了这种选择的实现。据报告，妇女因提供优质种子而受到更多尊重，这些种子可以在社区一级及以外的地方以物易物或购买，这证明了在SHG网络中种子安全得到了提高。RGMVP实施的种子部门综合项目——改良的基础种子由地方一级的妇女种子生产者繁殖——成为加强改良水稻和小麦品种的可得性和可负担性的机制。该项目与40个地区的200万名女性成员合作，种子生产项目仅在2个地区进行了试点。47,000名农民通过该项目获得了水稻和小麦种子。印度有900万shg。有了促进性别平等的社区参与，就有可能使该项目适应新的情况，为妇女的生活和家庭带来积极变化，同时增强种子部门支持社区种子安全的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Operationalising agroecological diagnosis of vegetable farms to support co-innovation: The MEDITAE framework 实施蔬菜农场的农业生态诊断以支持共同创新：MEDITAE框架

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104617

M. Scarlato , M. Rieppi , I. Ferreira , S. Irurueta , D. Fernández , F.J.J.A. Bianchi , W.A.H. Rossing , S. Dogliotti

CONTEXT

The transition of farm systems towards agroecology requires an understanding of the ecological processes that support agroecosystem functioning. While co-innovation approaches have successfully supported learning for on-farm sustainability transitions, the diagnostic methods do not capture the ecological processes that underpin the functioning of agroecosystems.

OBJECTIVE

We present the MEDITAE framework, co-developed with practitioners to support the characterisation, diagnosis, and agroecological redesign of farm systems based on systemic learning.

METHODS

MEDITAE connects socio-ecological processes (nutrient, carbon and water cycling; plant succession and biotic regulation; energy flows; and socio-economic and cultural processes) with management and farm performance. Performance indicators are used to assess agroecosystem functioning, and practice-based indicators assess management practices that may explain performance. We applied MEDITAE to three organic and two conventional case study vegetable farms involved in a co-innovation project in Uruguay.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS

All farms had a weak performance on nutrient cycling and energy flow processes, providing entry points for farm redesign. Carbon and water cycling achieved good overall performance on two organic farms. The three organic farms demonstrated good overall performance in terms of plant succession and biotic regulation, as well as in socio-economic processes, whereas the conventional farms showed weaker performances. MEDITAE contributed to collective reflections on how socio-ecological processes influenced system performance and how farmers' practices shaped these processes, thereby supporting an agroecological perspective, promoting learning, and empowering farmers to change practices.

SIGNIFICANCE

MEDITAE provides a generic framework for the diagnosis phase that connects a systemic farm characterisation to agroecological redesign. Its mechanistic approach facilitates the assessment of policy support for agroecology, strengthens agronomist training, and provides a foundation for inter- and transdisciplinary research.

农业系统向生态农业的转变需要了解支持农业生态系统功能的生态过程。虽然共同创新方法成功地支持了农场可持续性转型的学习，但诊断方法并没有捕捉到支撑农业生态系统功能的生态过程。我们提出MEDITAE框架，与从业人员共同开发，以支持基于系统学习的农场系统的特征、诊断和农业生态重新设计。方法smeditae将社会生态过程（养分、碳和水循环、植物演替和生物调节、能量流动以及社会经济和文化过程）与管理和农场绩效联系起来。绩效指标用于评估农业生态系统功能，基于实践的指标评估可能解释绩效的管理实践。我们将MEDITAE应用于乌拉圭一个共同创新项目中的三个有机蔬菜农场和两个传统蔬菜农场。结果与结论所有养殖场在养分循环和能量流动过程中表现较差，为养殖场设计提供了切入点。两个有机农场的碳循环和水循环总体表现良好。3个有机农场在植物演替、生物调控和社会经济过程方面表现出较好的综合表现，而传统农场表现较差。MEDITAE促进了对社会生态过程如何影响系统性能以及农民的实践如何影响这些过程的集体反思，从而支持农业生态学观点，促进学习，并赋予农民改变实践的权力。意义：emeditae为诊断阶段提供了一个通用框架，将系统性农场特征与农业生态重新设计联系起来。它的机械方法促进了对生态农业政策支持的评估，加强了农学家的培训，并为跨学科研究提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Co-design of crop monitoring-modeling systems via identifiability analysis 通过可识别性分析的作物监测建模系统的协同设计

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104613

Pratishtha Poudel , Stephen M. Welch , Phillip D. Alderman , Xiaomao Lin

<div><h3>Context:</h3><div>Crop yield increases are lagging those required to avoid major mid-century food security disruptions. Skilled models are needed to predict environment-specific cropping outcomes for applications ranging from accelerating breeding program gain rates via efficient selection to sustainable, in-field production decision-making that incorporate genetic <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> environment <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> management interactions. In an attractive vision, genotype-specific ecophysiological crop model parameters are inferred by genomic prediction. However, these parameters are often unidentifiable from typically observed data, also known as the equifinality problem. This is because wide parameter value ranges generate identical predictions so alternative estimates are indistinguishable and, thus, unusable in genomic prediction training.</div></div><div><h3>Objective:</h3><div>Given a model with parameters, a prescribed data scheme and goodness-of-fit objective function this paper introduces a method to measure identifiability and semi-automate its improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods:</h3><div>Identifiability is innovatively quantified as the objective function’s Gaussian curvature at the parameter optimum. Higher values indicate a more easily searchable, bowl-like objective function response surface. Lower values imply a flatness that prevents unique parameter value identification.</div><div>A simplified, seven-parameter wheat model is analyzed, revealing two nearly unidentifiable parameters. Three analyses are presented: (1) increasing observation numbers, (2) adding a new observation type, and (3) automatically determining two parameters whose direct field measurement would maximally increase Gaussian curvature.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions:</h3><div>Two nearly unidentifiable parameters – Thermal time to end of leaf expansion (TTL) and thermal time to maturity (TTM) – were revealed. Analyses (2) and (3) drastically improved identifiability. After adding the new observation type (physiological maturity), Gaussian curvature increased by a factor of 7600. Likewise, when we fixed the values of the two parameters, the Gaussian curvature increased by a factor of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>69</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>11</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. Surprisingly, however, increasing observation numbers lowered identifiability for reasons related to the Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency objective function variant used. Relatedly, because the method is formally objective function agnostic, it can also ameliorate any non-uniqueness in model-based production decision aids that optimize economic objectives while integrating a full suite of in-field interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Significance:</h3><div>The demonstrated ability to maximize identifiability by optimizing both the data taken and model structure prior to actual field

背景：作物产量增幅落后于避免本世纪中叶粮食安全出现重大中断所需的增幅。需要熟练的模型来预测特定环境的种植结果，应用范围从通过有效选择加速育种计划增益到结合遗传×环境×管理相互作用的可持续的田间生产决策。在一个有吸引力的愿景，基因型特异性生态生理作物模型参数是通过基因组预测推断。然而，这些参数通常无法从典型的观测数据中识别出来，也称为等性问题。这是因为较宽的参数值范围会产生相同的预测，因此替代估计无法区分，因此无法用于基因组预测训练。目的：给出一个具有参数、规定数据格式和拟合优度目标函数的模型，介绍一种可辨识性度量和半自动化改进的方法。方法：创新性地将可辨识性量化为目标函数在参数最优处的高斯曲率。较高的值表示更容易搜索，类似碗的目标函数响应面。较低的值意味着平面性，从而防止唯一参数值的识别。分析了一个简化的七参数小麦模型，揭示了两个几乎无法识别的参数。提出了三种分析方法：(1)增加观测次数；(2)增加新的观测类型；(3)自动确定两个直接现场测量能最大程度增加高斯曲率的参数。结果和结论：揭示了两个几乎无法识别的参数-热时间到叶膨大结束（TTL）和热时间到成熟（TTM）。分析(2)和(3)大大提高了可识别性。加入新的观测类型（生理成熟度）后，高斯曲率增加了7600倍。同样，当我们固定这两个参数的值时，高斯曲率增加了2.69×1011。然而，令人惊讶的是，由于使用Nash-Sutcliffe效率目标函数变体的原因，观察数量的增加降低了可识别性。相对地，由于该方法是正式的目标函数不可知的，因此它还可以改善基于模型的生产决策辅助中的任何非唯一性，从而优化经济目标，同时集成全套现场交互。意义：在实际的现场工作之前，通过优化所取数据和模型结构来最大限度地提高可识别性的能力表明了一个协同设计过程，在这个过程中，模型及其支持的监测系统同时创建。

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引用次数: 0

Rehabilitating fragile ecosystems through agroforestry in red and lateritic soils: A multi-criteria systems perspective 通过农林业在红土和红土中恢复脆弱的生态系统：多标准系统视角

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104597

Benukar Biswas , Debashis Chakraborty , Jagadish Timsina , Anandkumar Naorem , Mousumi Mondal , Sahely Kanthal , Saju Adhikary , Udayan Rudra Bhowmick , Pushpendu Sardar , Mallika Koley , Sk Moinuddin , Ashutosh Kumar , Kiranmay Patra , Trisha Manna , Arindam Sarkar , Kalyan Jana , Sanjib Kumar Das , Bikash Ranjan Ray

CONTEXT

Land degradation in red and lateritic soils of India, particularly in the northeast, poses a serious threat to agroecological stability, agricultural productivity, soil health, and rural livelihoods. Agroforestry is increasingly recognized as a sustainable approach for restoring degraded ecosystems, rejuvenating soil health, and improving farmers' livelihoods, yet region-specific empirical evidence remains limited.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the long-term ecological and economic viability of various agroforestry systems for rehabilitating degraded land and enhancing the delivery of multiple ecosystem services in red and lateritic soils of Northeast India.

METHODS

A decade-long agroforestry field experiment (2014–2024) with silvi species Gmelina (Gmelina arborea Roxb), fruit plant sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), and grain legume pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) under monoculture and integrated agroforestry system was conducted in West Bengal in eastern India. Seven systems (monoculture and agroforestry-based) were evaluated using eleven biophysical and economic indicators, including biomass recycling, soil organic carbon, enzyme activity, microbial resilience, net margin, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

The tri-component agroforestry system (Gmelina–sweet orange–pigeon pea) showed the highest multifunctionality index, producing 7.26 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ of recyclable biomass, and significantly improving soil carbon, dehydrogenase activity, water-holding capacity, and biodiversity. Economically, this system outperformed monocultures with 2–3 times higher net margin and energy efficiency. Although associated with higher GHG emission, this system offered net environmental benefits through enhanced carbon sequestration and resilience.

SIGNIFICANCE

This study demonstrates that the locally adapted agroforestry systems have potential to restore degraded red and lateritic soils while delivering broad ecosystem services and improving farmers' livelihoods. These results support the scaling of such systems across similar agroecological zones in India and globally.

背景印度红土和红土的土地退化，特别是在东北部，对农业生态稳定性、农业生产力、土壤健康和农村生计构成严重威胁。农林业越来越被认为是恢复退化生态系统、恢复土壤健康和改善农民生计的可持续方法，但具体区域的经验证据仍然有限。本研究旨在评估各种农林业系统在恢复印度东北部红土和红土退化土地和增强多种生态系统服务提供方面的长期生态和经济可行性。方法2014-2024年，在印度东部西孟加拉邦进行了为期10年的农林业田间试验，试验采用单栽培-复合农林业系统，采用银银种Gmelina （Gmelina arborea Roxb）、果实植物甜橙（Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck）和籽粒豆科木豆（Cajanus cajan L. Millsp）。采用11个生物物理和经济指标对7个系统（以单一栽培和农林业为基础）进行了评估，包括生物质循环、土壤有机碳、酶活性、微生物恢复力、净边际和温室气体（GHG）排放。结果与结论三组分复合农林业系统（绿麦草-甜橙-鸽豆）的多功能性指数最高，可回收生物量为7.26 t ha - 1 yr - 1，显著提高了土壤碳、脱氢酶活性、持水能力和生物多样性。从经济上讲，该系统的净利润率和能源效率比单一栽培高2-3倍。虽然与较高的温室气体排放有关，但该系统通过增强碳固存和恢复力提供了净环境效益。本研究表明，适应当地的农林业系统具有恢复退化的红土和红土的潜力，同时提供广泛的生态系统服务并改善农民的生计。这些结果支持在印度和全球类似的农业生态区扩大这种系统的规模。

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引用次数: 0

Responses of African food systems to climate change: A systematic review of concepts, methods, and evidence 非洲粮食系统对气候变化的反应：对概念、方法和证据的系统回顾

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agricultural Systems

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104577

Mark Appiah-Twumasi , Cornelis Gardebroek , Rico Ihle , Isaac G.K. Ansah

Context

African food systems are highly vulnerable to external shocks, especially climate change, yet remain central to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Research on the intersection of food systems and climate change in Africa is fragmented and lacks coherence in conceptual frameworks and measurement approaches.

Objective

This study systematically reviews the peer-reviewed literature in life sciences, biomedicine and economics to assess how African food systems are conceptualized in the context of climate change, evaluate the methods used to study climate impacts, and synthesize empirical findings related to food security, nutrition, social welfare, and environmental sustainability.

Methods

We systematically review 56 peer-reviewed studies published between 2007 and 2024. Studies were selected using PRISMA guidelines and analyzed using thematic synthesis grounded in food systems and systems theory. We categorize conceptual approaches and assess methodological and empirical patterns across the selected literature.

Results and conclusions

Two conceptual models dominate. Complete models integrate environmental, social, and institutional linkages to capture systemic feedbacks and governance structures, while partial models focus on localized adaptation processes and actor interactions. The choice of the approach depends on the research objectives, data availability, and analytical scale. Most studies use qualitative or cross-sectional methods, limiting quantification of resilience or actor-level trade-offs—such as tensions between producers and consumers or between food security and environmental sustainability. Armed conflict or informal resource extraction are rarely integrated into climate–food system models despite their growing importance. Future research is recommended to employ hybrid, data-driven frameworks that link actor-specific dynamics with system-level feedbacks, operationalize resilience metrics, and assess the coherence of climate and food policies across all geographical and analytical scales.

Significance

The African Union's “Decade of Action” (2021−2030) calls for science-policy efforts to address persistent development challenges through a food-systems lens. This review contributes to scientific progress and policy formulation by providing an actionable conceptual framework, synthesizing existing evidence, identifying research gaps, and proposing a future research agenda focused on resilience measurement, policy alignment, and integrated modeling of climate, conflict, and food-system interactions.

非洲粮食系统极易受到外部冲击，特别是气候变化的影响，但仍然是实现可持续发展目标的核心。关于非洲粮食系统与气候变化相互关系的研究是零散的，在概念框架和测量方法上缺乏一致性。

{"title":"Responses of African food systems to climate change: A systematic review of concepts, methods, and evidence","authors":"Mark Appiah-Twumasi , Cornelis Gardebroek , Rico Ihle , Isaac G.K. Ansah","doi":"10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>African food systems are highly vulnerable to external shocks, especially climate change, yet remain central to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Research on the intersection of food systems and climate change in Africa is fragmented and lacks coherence in conceptual frameworks and measurement approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study systematically reviews the peer-reviewed literature in life sciences, biomedicine and economics to assess how African food systems are conceptualized in the context of climate change, evaluate the methods used to study climate impacts, and synthesize empirical findings related to food security, nutrition, social welfare, and environmental sustainability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically review 56 peer-reviewed studies published between 2007 and 2024. Studies were selected using PRISMA guidelines and analyzed using thematic synthesis grounded in food systems and systems theory. We categorize conceptual approaches and assess methodological and empirical patterns across the selected literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><div>Two conceptual models dominate. Complete models integrate environmental, social, and institutional linkages to capture systemic feedbacks and governance structures, while partial models focus on localized adaptation processes and actor interactions. The choice of the approach depends on the research objectives, data availability, and analytical scale. Most studies use qualitative or cross-sectional methods, limiting quantification of resilience or actor-level trade-offs—such as tensions between producers and consumers or between food security and environmental sustainability. Armed conflict or informal resource extraction are rarely integrated into climate–food system models despite their growing importance. Future research is recommended to employ hybrid, data-driven frameworks that link actor-specific dynamics with system-level feedbacks, operationalize resilience metrics, and assess the coherence of climate and food policies across all geographical and analytical scales.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The African Union's “Decade of Action” (2021−2030) calls for science-policy efforts to address persistent development challenges through a food-systems lens. This review contributes to scientific progress and policy formulation by providing an actionable conceptual framework, synthesizing existing evidence, identifying research gaps, and proposing a future research agenda focused on resilience measurement, policy alignment, and integrated modeling of climate, conflict, and food-system interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7730,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Systems","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 104577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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