Prevenzione & assistenza dentale最新文献

Objectives

To suggest protocols to dental hygienists about the prevention and treatment of biphosphonate-related jaw osteonecrosis according to the type, the way, and the duration of bisphosphonates administration.

Materials and methods

By reviewing the scientific literature and according to their experience, the authors show the protocols developed together with haematologists, oncologists, urologists, rheumatologists, and physical therapists.

Results

The authors report a reduced rate of cases observed.

Conclusions

Dental hygienists play a very important role in preventing bisphosphonate-related jaw osteonecrosis by both educating patients in self oral care to prevent dental and periodontal diseases and performing professional oral hygiene and periodically monitoring the oral health of patients at risk.

Objectives

Communicating with patients is an essential instrument in modern dentistry. Effective communication allows to establish a better relationship with patients and to improve the results of therapy. Different systems are now available to make communication easier: special softwares represent an effective communication system since they are simple to use and their quality is high.

Materials and methods

A 34 year-old female patient came to Istituto Stomatologico Tirreno for a check-up. The patient complained about her dental conditions, particularly regarding her gums. The dentist carried out a complete periodontal examination using a specific Florida Probe^® and diagnosed a periodontal disease.

Results

After watching a recording specially devised to describe the disease, the patient accepted the treatment plan and her periodontal conditions were greatly improved at the end of treatment.

Conclusions

Modern communication systems represent a quick and easy way to show clinical cases and to improve patients’ motivation.

Objectives

To evaluate food habits and oral care level of eleven and twelve years old students with the purpose of preventing obesity and oral diseases. The role of Dental Hygienists in the prevention of such problems was examined as well.

Materials and methods

A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 90 secondary school students (41 males and 49 females).

Results

The answers point out that some improper food habits are particularly common, such as the excessive consumption of sweets and fizzy drinks, and the low consumption of fruit and vegetables.

Conclusions

Since not all children have a good oral care and follow a correct diet, the role of Dental Hygienists is paramount.

Objectives

Aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of a calcium-phosphate based (CPP-ACP) paste in remineralisation of enamel surfaces eroded by acid soft drinks by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Materials and methods

Twenty-four human caries-free central incisors were randomly and equally divided into four groups; teeth were exposed to the erosive action of two different acid soft drinks (Coca Cola and Gatorade) for 10 minutes twice a day for two weeks. After the second exposure, the teeth of two groups were covered with CPP-ACP paste for 10 minutes every day. Then, the samples were observed under AFM.

Results

All samples revealed increased values of surface roughness after exposure to acid soft drinks. Samples treated with CPP-ACP paste showed a significative reduction of roughness values (p < 0,01).

Conclusions

This study showed that acid soft drinks could erode tooth enamel surface; the use of CPP-ACP paste can enhance enamel remineralization.

Objectives

To assess the effect of non-surgical perimplant treatment using a local antibiotic and to compare them with a standard treatment of non-surgical root planing of the perimplant, evaluating clinical, microbiological, and radiological parameters in a randomized controlled trial.

Materials and methods

Forty implants with perimplantitis diagnosed with clinical and radiological exams meeting predefined criteria of inclusion and exclusion were included in the study. The presence of inflammation and gingival redness, suppuration and/or bleeding on probing, pathological depth probing, circumferential bone reabsorption evidenced with perioapical rx. Patients were allocated to a test group and a control group.

The study protocol involved baseline clinical parameters (PD, BOP, Suppuration, Plaque index, Morphology of perimplant soft tissues, radiography, microbiological test), root planing of the defect to break up the biofilm, flushing with saline solution and topical application of an antibiotic (Implacid) in the test group. It also involved the registration of parameters, follow-up Rx, and microbiological test at three months. End of the study.

Results

After three months, the patients in the test group treated with a topical antibiotic in addition to the standard non-surgical treatment for perimplantitis showed a more dramatic improvement of perimplant tissues than the patients in the control group who underwent only the usual non-surgical treatment.

This trend was statistically significant as far as bleeding on probing and bacterial load in the perimplant pocket were concerned, whereas for PPD and superficial bacterial plaque such difference was not statistically significant, although after three months the average improvement was more prominent in the test group than in the control group.

Conclusions

The use of a topical antibiotic in patients with perimplantitis is a clinical procedure widely recognized by the scientific community. Implacid showed to be a valid agent and to be able to significantly improve the perimplant tissue inflammation and the bacterial load in marginal tissues. However, a further evaluation of clinical and microbiological parameters would be advisable at six and 12 months to support these preliminary results.

Objectives

To provide evidence-based information to health professionals involved in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases.

Materials and methods

A working group was established by decision of the Ministry of Health; after reviewing the literature, these guidelines were released.

Results

The guidelines were devised for the prevention of oral mucosal diseases and orthopedic disorders of jaws.

Conclusions

The prevalence of oral diseases remains high among Italian children. Therefore, there is a strong need to promote oral health prevention in this target age.