Zeitschrift fur experimentelle Chirurgie, Transplantation, und kunstliche Organe : Organ der Sektion Experimentelle Chirurgie der Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie der DDR最新文献

Prepared artery (origin: human, calf, dog) with external or internal teflon-spiral-supporting was implanted in dogs (n = 10) as a circular intrathoracic tracheal substitute after cross-resection. Human arteries were rejected (n = 2). Calf arteries (n = 5) and dog arteries (n = 3) were incorporated fibrously. Central granulations appeared. The longest survival time was 36 days.

The influence of fixation time on the ultrasound damping was investigated in vitro in both normal and altered formalin-fixed testicular tissue. By means of ultrasound spectroscopy the ultrasound damping coefficient alpha is estimated. The results of measurements in different time intervals after onset of fixation did show that in both normal and altered testicular tissue only slight changes of ultrasound damping was found. Therefore, the influence of fixation time could be neglected.

Additional information on the tissue structure are possible by estimation of sound physical parameters in comparison with normal B-scan ultrasonography, especially the frequency-dependent ultrasound attenuation. The ultrasound attenuation measurements were made on histochemical normal and pathological testicular tissue with changing transducer-specimen distance. No markedly difference in damaging behaviour was found between normal and pathological testicular tissue at different distances.

The nephrotoxic side effect of Cis-platin was investigated in 38 patients with testicular tumors. The serum creatinine and the creatinine clearance served as function parameters. A temporary or permanent restriction of the creatinine clearance developed 31 of 38 patients during the therapy period. Increased creatinine levels were found in 6 patients. Two of them got into a chronic renal insufficiency. A pretherapeutic risk group of patients or a precarious dose of Cis-platin could not be found out.

Following the induction of experimental diabetes in two groups of rats using an isograft model, a comparative study was made of two types of pancreas transplants in which several procedures were employed. The vascular anastomosis in one group were to the renal artery and vein, and in the other, to the iliac vessels. The pancreatic ducts in one subgroup were ligated, in another, they were diverted to the urinary system; in a third sub-group, they were diverted to the intestine. The results obtained for the sub-group with the transplant anastomosed to the renal vessels were the best. It is suggested that this was due to two factors: the simplicity of the technique and the short operating times. In this present work the two best methods of dealing with the exocrine secretion were diversion to the ureter and ligation of the common bile duct. The worst results were in the group with duodeno-cystostomy.

Lymphocytes and monocytes with differential and activation antigens were determined by means of the flow cytometry by using monoclonal antibodies in the peripheral blood of patients after organ transplantation. Examinations of the course showed that in this way the acute activity is seized by the cellular immunosystem. Acute reject crises, systemic virus infections, as well as septic states lead to characteristic changes and these verify the diagnostic assertion of this immunomonitoring programme.

Arterio-venous anastomosis were recommended by some authors for tens of years especially in the revascularisation of acute and chronic ischemic extremities. A retrograde arterial perfusion was produced by microsurgical end-to-end anastomosis of the proximal femoral artery with the distal femoral vein in the pelvic extremity of rat in an experimental study. The morphologic consequences of the arterio-venous anastomosis were investigated with reference to the normal skeletal muscle structure and the muscular recovery phase after acute ischemic damage. The light microscopic changes of the muscular morphology were served as indirect proof of the effect, because the skeletal muscles showed the slightest tolerance in face of ischemia of all tissues of an extremity. The arterio-venous anastomosis for prophylaxis of postischemic skeletal muscle damages appears unfit in this experiment similar to clinical conditions. The light microscopic investigations of the skeletal muscles demonstrated an involution of the pathohistologic changes in combination of acute ischemic loading and adjunctive arteriovenous anastomosis.

The influence of different factors on the immediate function of the transplant was investigated retrospectively in 172 patients. The immediate function of the transplanted kidney was influenced negatively by dehydration of the patient, by intraoperative decrease in blood pressure above 30 mmHg, by an prolonged cold ischemia time, and by the "handling time".

The influence of the proximal selective vagotomy (PSV) on the origin and the extent of experimental gastric ulcer were investigated in rats. The lesions of the gastric mucosa were caused in three groups: by stress through swimming-test, by application of phenylbutazone, and by ischemia (ligature of the left gastric and the right gastroepiploic vessels). The PSV practised a protective influence on the pharmacodynamic etiology, however, not on the stress ulcer. The areas of the ischemic gastric ulcers were larger on an average of 40% after PSV than in the control animals. The difference was not statistically significant. In case the PSV caused besides hyposecretion and hypo-acidity even passive hyperemia caused in the denervated part of the stomach then these did not produce any sufficient defence against the origin of stress ulcers and ischemic lesions.

The electrostimulation of the cicatricial healing in the abdominal wall were tested in 119 Wistar rats by means of bipolar rectangularly pulsed current (0.87 Hz, +/- 25 mu A) and direct current (1 mu A). Doubling of the fascia of an abdominal wall hernia was carried out in three groups of rats. In the first group the operational region was stimulated by rectangularly pulsed current, strong proliferated cicatrices were formed with premature production of fibroblasts and collagenous fibres, fast maturation, and high strength. In the second group it was stimulated by direct current, a less exact longitudinal orientation of the collagenous fibres and a slower cicatricial maturation were shown. The third group applied as a control showed a cicatricial distension up to 5 mm. The electrostimulation of the proliferation of connective tissue and cicatricial healing could be pointed out between different tissues (peritoneum and fascia).