Zeitschrift fur experimentelle Chirurgie, Transplantation, und kunstliche Organe : Organ der Sektion Experimentelle Chirurgie der Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie der DDR最新文献

Collagenic fleece (Tachocomb) was applied to for hemostasis in areas of pancreatectomy and in the retroperitoneum after resection on the left side in 30 patients with necrotising pancreatitis, carcinoma of the pancreas head, and chronic pancreatitis. Diffuse hemorrhages in the pancreatic bed could be stopped by means of collagenic fleece despite disturbance of coagulation without additional surgical measures for controlling hemorrhage. The application of collagenic fleece was not necessary after resection, because of chronic pancreatitis.

In case of hepatocytes of the fetal rat at the end of the gestation (H.) the lipid-peroxidation was determined by measuring the malondialdehyde (MDA) and the vitality by means of the trypan-blue test. The H. with an incubation up to 120 minutes in PBS formed a high spontaneous value of MDA with a simultaneous loss of the cell activity (r = -0.89; p less than 0.05; n = 25). On the conditions of an experimentally generated activation of O2-radical-forming processes (addition of Fe2+/vit. C) concentration-depending increasing of the MDA-formation and trypan-blue reception of the H. were induced (p less than 0.01). The addition of vit. C reduced the MDA-formation and the vitality of the H. The results exclude a direct relation of the two parameters. The MDA-formation of the H. in vitro can be used for testing antioxidative effects of biological fluids.

The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of the mixed function oxidases in the liver of the rat during the first days of extrahepatic cholestasis. In particular, contradictory results of previous studies of the metabolism of type I- and type II-substrates should be examined. The activities of the aminopyrine demethylase, aniline hydroxylase and nitroanisole-O-desalkylase were measured in the liver microsomes after sham operation and on the first and third day after ligature of the common bile duct. On the first day of cholestasis both the metabolism of the type I-substrate (aminopyrine) and of the type II-substrates (aniline, nitroanisole) was significantly reduced. On the third day the metabolism of type II-substrates reached nearly normal levels, whereas the metabolism of aminopyrine was even further reduced. Contradictory results of previous studies seem to be due to different times of measurement.

Experiences are described about the hemostasis in parenchymatous organs by means of a self-constructed hot air coagulator. Bleedings in liver, spleen, and kidney were caused experimentally in 15 dogs. A certain control of hemorrhage were carried out by hot air. The own hot air coagulator was superior to other coagulators by the little weight and the fast and noiseless working.

Preserved allogeneic bone is possibly to repair the permanent shortness in autogeneic bone tissue in clinical practice. Complications as to the incorporation were observed after using lyophilised allogeneic implants. These were attributes to immunologic defense reaction. Demineralised bone caused a more intensive bone regeneration histologically than lyophilised bone. The clinical test of a superficial demineralised lyophilised preserved bone with osteoinductive potency and structural stability is recommended.

The pO2 on the surface of the small intestine serosa was measured on an isolated small intestine loop of the rabbit after synchronistic arterial and venous ligature of the mesenterium, after synchronistic arterial starvation and venous ligature, and after torsion of the mesenterium. The measurements of the pO2 were carried out by means of a Clark-electrode. Different periods for the decrease of the pO2 to zero Torr were shown in the different models of intestinal ischemia. Only the difference between the synchronistic arterial and venous ligature and torsion was statistically significant.

A measuring method for the detection of ultra-weak photon-radiation from living matter is described. Also the fluorescence-radiation is provable. The latter is of necessity for special-fluorescence investigations. A proof-sensibility of phi = 1.483 10(-16)W (respectively 7.63 10(-17)W for the distance of 65.5 mm-filter - slide replaced by trial-slide) is calculable for lambda = 554 nm with the device constant found out.

The study evaluated the effect of portacaval anastomosis on the regeneration ability of the liver after partial hepatectomy in rat. The regeneration of liver was evaluated using the following tests: deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, the activity of tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) and the concentration of DNA and RNA in subcellular fractions of liver obtained by differential centrifugation. The results indicate the harmful effect of the portacaval shunting on the liver proliferation, which was near 50% decreased and the peak of the regeneration was delayed for about 12 hours. The most significant changes were observed in the nuclear and cytoplasmic fraction. In addition, high mortality ratio was found in the animals with portacaval anastomosis followed by partial hepatectomy.

Cardiosurgical operations were tested experimentally by means of a perioperative metabolic-energetic monitoring and by the conventional method of the hemodynamic monitoring (Swan-Ganz-catheter). By that could be shown that a perioperative monitoring by means of the arterio-coronary venous difference of the lactate level is possible. Intraoperative information about the topical metabolic-energetic condition of the myocardium is to receive as the decisive advantage of this method. An improvement of the therapy results is possible in that way by an optimum of the treatment. A metabolic recovery of the heart during the operation was substantial more favourable for the postoperative myocardial restitution than an early application of catecholamins. This method for perioperative observation should be used specially in risk operations (NYHA-stadium III-IV, reoperations, etc.).

It has been reported that testicular torsion leads to diminished fertility. This experimental study includes 32 mature male Wistar rats, divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (4 animals) served as a control group. Group 2 (16 animals) underwent an unilateral definitive ligature of the testicular vessels. Group 3 (12 animals) underwent right testicular torsion at 360 degrees, followed by detorsion at 4, 12 or 24 hours. Both testicles were removed at different terms after the operation and processed for histologic and enzymohistochemical studies. The results of the experiment indicate that a certain recovery of the structure and the enzyme activity may be expected only in case if the duration of the torsion lasts not more than 4 hours. After this period severe and irreversible changes in the ipsilateral testis and serious alterations in the contralateral testis occur.