Sugar Tech最新文献

A newly designed, functional beverage was manufactured from sweet sorghum, an underutilised crop, which constitutes a dietary source of bioactive phenolic compounds and minerals. Sweet sorghum syrup was diluted to ~ 8.0% soluble solids, pre-pasteurised (boiled for 5 min), carbonated, canned, and treated with various food-grade, chemical preservatives to extend its shelf life and aid its commercialisation. Three preservatives, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, and citric acid, were separately added to the carbonated beverage before canning and compared to an untreated control. The shelf lives of the canned beverages at room (~ 25 °C) and refrigeration (4 °C) temperatures were evaluated in real-time using physicochemical characterisation and microbial markers. The untreated sweet sorghum beverage was consistently shown to be susceptible to microbial deterioration, particularly by lactic acid bacteria, in transit and during storage and will require preservation technology. Citric acid performed worse than the control because it accelerated the acid degradation of sucrose and caused the explosion of cans. Optical density OD_{600 nm} based on light absorption and turbidity based on light scattering at a 90° angle of the beverage samples were both measures of opaqueness and microbial growth, but the turbidity values were more sensitive to significant (P < 0.05) changes during storage. The shelf life of the sweet sorghum beverage at 25 and 4 °C with potassium sorbate as a preservative will be 25 and < 109 days and with sodium benzoate will be 17 and > 109 days, respectively. Only potassium sorbate extended the shelf life at 25 °C by 8 days when compared to the control, and both potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate extended it at 4 °C by at least 84 days. The key nutrient of total phenolic acids was stable in storage.

The need for more efficient ethanol production methods from sugarcane-based substrates has necessitated the study of (very) high-gravity fermentation strategies. High gravity (HG) and very high gravity (VHG) fermentation are fermentation processes that involve fermenting substrates with significantly higher concentrations of sugars or solids than traditional fermentation methods, typically leading to higher ethanol yields and process efficiencies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements, challenges, and future prospects in HG and VHG fermentation for ethanol production from sugarcane-based substrates. It was observed that sugarcane juice, molasses, and bagasse have been used for the production of ethanol. It was also observed from various studies that the use of tailored yeast strains, coupled with optimized process conditions such as fermentation temperature, residence time, pH, substrate concentration, aeration, additional supplements, and the presence of inhibitors, has yielded remarkable improvements in the fermentation efficiency of sugarcane-based substrates and ethanol yields. Additionally, challenges in implementing HG and VHG fermentation of sugarcane-based substrates, as well as recommendations for further research and development, are presented. This study’s significance cannot be overstated, as it has the potential to advance biofuel technology by optimizing ethanol yields from sugarcane, thereby promoting sustainable energy solutions.

This study aimed to investigate the accelerated ripening of sukkari dates and examine the resulting changes in color, pulp, carbohydrates, vitamins, and antioxidant capacity using a comprehensive set of nine individual treatments. Fresh dates at the Khalal stage were subjected to immersion in normal water for 5 h or hot water for 5 min, with or without the inclusion of NaCl (2%), potassium metabisulfite (PM, 0.5%), and acetic acid (AA, 1.5%), either individually or in combination. The treated dates were then allowed to ripen for 72 h in an aerated incubator at 40 °C. Evaluation of color shade, fruit weight, pulp texture, total soluble carbohydrates (TSC), total soluble sugars (TSS), beta-carotene, total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP value, and overall appearance assessed the efficacy of each treatment. Among the treatments, T₆ (normal water with 1.5% AA + 0.5% PM) and T₈ (hot water with 1.5% AA + 0.05% PM) exhibited superior acceptance levels, characterized by softness, reduced pungency, a rich brown color, and exceptional visual appeal, with more than 77% and 88% pulp and ripened fruit, respectively. Furthermore, T₆ demonstrated higher TSC (96.70 mg g⁻¹ FW), TSS (322.22 mg g⁻¹ FW), DPPH radical scavenging activity (92.84%), and FRAP value (0.40), while exhibiting lower levels of beta-carotene (4.91 mg 100 g⁻¹ FW), TPC (0.14 mg g⁻¹ FW), and TFC (0.31 mg g⁻¹ FW). Similarly, T₈ performed exceptionally well across all parameters except for beta-carotene.

Bioethanol, as a sustainable alternative to the fossil fuels is gaining more attention now a times. To address the growing energy demands and environmental problems, this sustainable practice plays a vital role. Bioethanol is a more reliable source, produced by lignocellulosic biomass which is abundantly available. This review article focuses on the valorization of the LCB to produce Bioethanol by understanding various pathways that can be utilized to produce bioethanol. Many pretreatment methods play an effective role in converting biomass into fermentable sugars that have an implicit effect on bioethanol production. This review highlights the challenges and the environmental problems that need to be overcome to achieve cost production and the meeting energy demands. This greener solution toward mitigating energy resource depletion will lead to a greener and more eco-friendly future for coming generation. This review also addresses the present technological advancements that prove the bioethanol as a most potential source for the eco-friendly energy future.

The challenge of sustainability has emerged as a primary concern across numerous industries globally including the sugar sector. The importance of adopting sustainable practices is increasingly acknowledged on a global scale. The sugar industry occupies a unique position and has the potential to make significant contributions to various vital Sustainable Development Goals. Over the years, the sugar industry has supported and advanced these goals through diverse strategies, including the utilization of sugarcane byproducts for alternative purposes such as ethanol production, cogeneration of energy from cane bagasse, and the development of bio-based products. In this endeavor, ASEAN countries are united in harnessing the versatility of sugarcane bio-products for a greener and more resilient future. Sugarcane offers a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil-based byproducts through the production of biofuels, biochemicals, and bioplastics. This transition to a bio-based economy not only conserves limited resources by reducing usage but also diminishes the carbon footprint. By embracing and preserving these renewable resources, the various initiatives and efforts undertaken by ASEAN sugar industries can promote economic growth, environmental stewardship, and social well-being, thereby paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient future.

Summer sugar beet growing regions such as the Central Anatolia Region of Türkiye face a shortage of irrigation water. For this reason, we tested autumn sowing sugar beets without irrigation in the Aegean Coastal Zone, where sugar beet cultivation is not practiced. The two-year study was conducted in a split-plot experimental design with four replications. Terranova, Aranka and Dionetta cultivars were sown on 1 December 2020 and 30 November 2021. Ridge sowing was implemented to minimize the possibility of bolting and to prevent them from being affected by excessive December, January and February rainfall. There was no frost-induced seedling loss during the winter growing season and no bolting in the following spring in both years. Growing degree days (GDD) from emerging to harvest (1956 vs. 1497) were higher in the yielding year. Higher solar radiation in the first year (757.30 kWh m⁻² vs. 673.80 kWh m⁻²) during the vegetation period was positively associated with GDD and yield. Ridge sowing and Terranova cultivar performed superbly in terms of root yield, sugar content, SPAD value and Fv/Fm. It was concluded that autumn-sown sugar beet can be grown in the Aegean Coastal Zone as an alternative to the Central Anatolia Region without irrigation with the ridge sowing method.

Sugarcane bagasse, a by-product of sugar production, has potential as a feed ingredient for animals. This study examines the environmental impact and energy use efficiency of using sugarcane bagasse for animal feed. The research indicates that the total energy consumption for producing fodder is 30,329.94 MJ ton⁻¹, with input energy exceeding output energy. Sugarcane bagasse accounts for over 50% of energy consumption, along with significant contributions from electricity and natural gas. Energy efficiency and intensity are calculated at 0.03 kg MJ⁻¹ and 30.32 MJ kg⁻¹, respectively, suggesting a high energy requirement per kg of feed. The net energy is calculated at -5329.94 MJ ton⁻¹, highlighting inefficiencies in energy use. The study shows a measurable impact on human health (0.30 DALY) but a relatively minor impact on ecosystem quality (0.0005 species.yr). The high energy consumption of 93,602.34 MJ ton⁻¹ indicates a heavy reliance on non-renewable fuel sources, specifically fossil fuels. These findings underscore the importance of improving energy efficiency and resource utilization in feed production processes.

Sugarcane, a globally significant economic crop, depends on potassium (K) for critical processes such as photosynthesis and sugar translocation. This study explored the impacts of various foliar K supplements, including 2.5% w/v KCl, KNO₃, K₂SO₄, and K₂SiO₃, alongside diluted molasses and vinasse (5 × dilution). The field experiment was conducted on sugarcane grown in soil with sufficient soil K levels, applying foliar solutions at 120 days at 2667 L/ha. The results indicated that combining soil chemical fertilizers with foliar K₂SiO₃ and KNO₃ resulted in the highest yields of 155.19 and 154.81 tons/ha, respectively, significantly outperforming the foliar water combined with soil chemical fertilizers (132.81 tons/ha) and the control (no basal fertilizer with foliar water, at 130.67 tons/ha, P ≤ 0.05). This enhancement is expected to result from the improvement in chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, enabled by timely K and nutrient acquisition, bypassing root transport. However, no significant differences were noted among the foliar K forms. Foliar K application also affected nutrient concentrations and uptake, with molasses showing the highest nutrient absorption in stalks: N (322 kg/ha), K (215 kg/ha), S (80.9 kg/ha), and Si (23.2 kg/ha) (P ≤ 0.05). These findings provide valuable insights and recommendations for utilizing foliar application of K₂SiO₃ and KNO₃ to improve plant sugarcane yield, as well as employing molasses foliar application to enhance nutrient uptake in sugarcane cultivated in soils with adequate K.

The effects of sheep wool (SW) and its hydrolysate (H) on the vegetative growth, root development, nutrient concentrations and sugar quality parameters of sugar beet grown under full (FF) and reduced fertilizer (RF) conditions were investigated. The treatments were as follows: FF, FF + SW (4 g kg⁻¹) and FF + SW + H (4 g kg⁻¹ + 4 ml kg⁻¹), RF, RF + SW (4 g kg⁻¹) and RF + SW + H (4 g kg⁻¹ + 4 ml kg⁻¹). The shoot and root samples were collected at two-week intervals from the beginning of root development to harvest. In these samples, temporal change of leaf mineral element concentrations and sugar quality parameters of the sugar beet roots were determined. Reduced fertilizer application did not have a negative effect on shoot and root growth. SW and SW + H treatments significantly increased total shoot (40.2 and 52.1%) and root yield (4.59 and 7.61%) of sugar beet in reduced fertilizer conditions. Nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations of shoots increased significantly with SW and SW + H applications. Similar increases were also observed for phosphorus (P) in the 3rd sampling period. The treatments did not have an effect on potassium (K) concentrations of shoots but some increases observed in Na and α-amino N concentrations depending on SW and SW + H treatments. The SW and SW + H treatments significantly reduced sugar existence and refined sugar existence. On the other hand, the treatments had no significant effect on the refined sugar at harvest periods. Sheep wool and H can be incorporated into organomineral fertilizers, potentially reducing excessive fertilizer use and improving fertilizer efficiency.

Generally, it is believed that sugarcane grows normally in the absence of stalk infecting pathogens causing red rot, wilt, smut or fungal diseases. Although degeneration occurs in sugarcane due to systemic build-up of non-fungal pathogens, the canes are harvested as healthy canes. The degenerated canes showed 30–50% reduction in cane weight and also a similar loss in juice yield. Even though physiological yield potential of sugarcane is more than 300 t/ha, an average cane yield of only 84 t/ha is achieved in India. Yield gap due to the degeneration caused by the non-fungal pathogens, especially viruses associated with mosaic and yellow leaf disease, ratoon stunting bacterium and grassy shoot phytoplasma are ignored under field conditions. Improved molecular diagnostics combined virus elimination through meristem culture showed a practical approach to manage varietal rejuvenation in sugarcane and demonstrated restoration of yield potential of major varieties. The industry should realize this major impact to sugarcane and take corrective measures to sustain the cane cultivation in India.