Sugar Tech最新文献

Sugar beet production, serving as a key global source of sugar, significantly contributes to the world economy and promotes local economic growth, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices aligned with environmental goals. In this context, it is essential to investigate how production systems may influence the flow of resources and consequently the environmental consequences of sugar beet cultivation in different geographical areas. The present research examined the ecological consequences of sugar beet cultivation in two distinct systems, involving both agro-industries (AIs) and smallholder farmers (SHs), focusing on the Moghan and Joveyn regions, prominent sugar beet production areas in Iran. The study utilized the IMPACT World + life cycle assessment method to evaluate harmful impacts at midpoint and damage levels. Additionally, potential harms were identified within two area of protection (AoPs) categories: human health and ecosystem quality, and two area of concerns (AoCs) categories: carbon-related and water-related damages. The findings revealed that in terms of AoPs, AIs had 0.44% and 4.32% higher impacts on human health than SHs in the Moghan and Joveyn regions, respectively. Additionally, AIs showed 7.97% and 21.44% higher impacts on ecosystem quality compared to SHs in the same regions. Water-related impacts significantly contributed to over 90% of the total environmental impacts in both AoPs. On-farm emissions and nitrogen fertilizers emerged as the primary contributors to the negative effects of sugar beet production in all systems, emphasizing the crucial role of managing chemical fertilizers to mitigate environmental damages, particularly water-related impacts.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) are pivotal components of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and play important roles in many biological processes. To explore the biological function and genes expression patterns of the MAPKKK gene family in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), a systematic analysis of BvMAPKKK was conducted. In the current study, a total of 40 BvMAPKKK genes are identified in the genome of sugar beet and can be categorized into three groups, ZIK, MEKK, and Raf with 9, 8, and 23 genes, respectively. The 37 BvMAPKKK genes were unevenly distributed on 9 chromosomes, while 3 BvMAPKKK genes were detected on unknown chromosomes. Members within the same group shared a similar gene structure and conserved motif. A lot of cis-acting regulatory elements related to plant growth and development and response to stresses were distributed in promoter regions of BvMAPKKKs. Moreover, these BvMAPKKKs displayed differential expression patterns in sugar beet tissues under salinity condition. The expression levels of the BvRaf30 and BvZIK8-1 in roots and BvRaf17 and BvZIK4 in shoots were markedly induced under salt conditions, which may be an indicator of potential roles in the response to salinity. The present work is the first systematic analysis of the BvMAPKKK gene family in sugar beet. These results could provide a solid foundation for further exploring functions of the MAPKKK genes in plant of responses to salt stress.

This paper introduces the status of the sugar industry in China, especially the production of sugarcane, sugarbeet and sugar, as well as achievements in sugarcane breeding, farming technology exploitation and value chain-added by-product development. In recent years, China has planted about 1.6–1.8 Mha of sugar crops and produces about 9–11 MT of sugar, with about 85–91% from sugarcane. Guangxi is an enormous cane and sugar producer, which provides about 60–70% of the total sugar in the country. The production of sugarcane and cane sugar decreased dramatically in the recent two milling seasons, especially in Guangxi, because of continuous severe drought during the fast-growing season, leading to a considerable decline in cane sugar and total sugar production. However, beet sugar production recovered to the level 10 years ago. The sugarcane-planting area is relatively more stable, especially in Guangxi, than sugarbeet production. The sugar recovery has been improved in recent years because of the dramatic progress in sugarcane breeding and new technology development. At present, the elite sugarcane varieties GT42 and GL05136 occupied 28.66% and 28.48%, respectively, of the total sugarcane-growing area in China in 2023, and other main sugarcane varieties, i.e. GT44, GT46, GT49, GT55, GT58, YT93-159, YT55, YZ05-51, YZ08-1609, etc. The domestic breeding sugarcane varieties occupied over 95% of the total sugarcane-growing area in 2023; among them, more than 80% were bred in Guangxi, and GT varieties covered the more extensive sugarcane-planting area in China. For sugarcane production, drought is still the most important abiotic limit. At the same time, smut and borer continue to be the most critical biotic constraints, production cost needs to be lowered, and machine harvest is not popular. The R&D priorities for sustainable sugarcane production in China include creating elite parents by utilizing wild germplasm, breeding high-yield, high-sugar, highly resistant and nitrogen-efficient sugarcane varieties with strong ratoon ability by conventional and biotechnological approaches, promoting the commercial supply of healthy seedcane for millable cane production, and developing mechanical operation for field management, especially for harvest, and applying low-cost and efficient cultivation technologies for sugarcane production, etc.

Deposition inside sugarcane factory evaporators (SFE) significantly lowers the heat transmission and can cause corrosion. This consequently reduces their efficiency, which is clearly a severe issue in the industrial sector. Up to the present time, caustic soda remains the most widely used reagent for descaling sugar industry evaporators. Understanding the scale's composition assists in determining which kinds of cleaners can effectively clean the evaporators. Scales are built in sugar evaporators as a result of the phosphitation or sulfitation processes used to chemically clean juice. In this perspective, molasses is used to descale SFE as a green manner. Molasses includes significant amounts of organic acids and nitrogenous chemical compounds, as shown by GC-mass analysis, and can be utilized as cleaning agents. XRD patterns for four scales from different sugar evaporators indicated that calcium sulfate and calcium phosphate were the predominant components at Egypt's Quos Sugarcane Factory and Dishina Sugarcane Factory, respectively. Actually, dispersed molasses demonstrated an acceptable removal effectiveness of up to 65% in all tested evaporative bodies. Furthermore, molasses solutions were tested in both basic and acidic settings and did not promote corrosion through the body's evaporative tubes. The oxidation of the molasses mixture with air or hydrogen peroxide showed that the efficacy of scale removal decreased. The findings suggested that molasses, as byproduct of sugarcane factories can be successfully employed in descaling as a green cleaning agent. This could be helpful in the development of descaling materials for the industrial sector.

Soil salinization profoundly impacts the growth and development of sugar beet. As a urea cytokinin, allantoin effectively mitigates the adverse effects of salinity stress on plants. However, there has been limited research on the optimal application period of allantoin in practical production settings. This study aimed to ascertain the optimal timing for allantoin application in sugar beet cultivation under saline and alkaline conditions in Heilongjiang Province, China. The experiment involved spraying allantoin at a mass concentration of 0.1 mmol/L onto the foliage at the seedling stage (M), the rapid leaf cluster growth stage (Y), and the tuber expansion stage (K), as well as at the combined stages of MY and MYK, with clear water used as the control (CK). The results indicated that the combined MY and MYK treatments resulted in significantly higher aboveground and belowground dry matter accumulation compared to other treatments. Specifically, nitrogen content in the aboveground and belowground parts reached peak values of 15.77 g/plant and 7.045 g/plant under MY and MYK treatments, respectively. Furthermore, nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activities exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease during beet growth and development, with enzyme activities in the MY treatments consistently remaining at elevated levels. Additionally, hormone levels in sugar beets were enhanced by allantoin application. Hormone levels were enhanced, with abscisic acid content significantly higher under MY and MYK treatments compared to other treatments, while gibberellin and cytokinin levels were notably higher compared to CK treatments. In comparison with CK, MY treatments exhibited an increase in yield by 0.26 percentage points, with sugar yield rising by 21.3%. However, there were no significant differences between MY and MYK treatments in each index. Therefore, spraying allantoin solely during the seedling and leaf cluster growth period can enhance sugar beet yield by augmenting nitrogen metabolism capacity and hormone levels, whereas application during the tuber expansion period can notably enhance sugar beet processing quality.