Sugar Tech最新文献

Sugarcane (Saccharum sp. hybrid complex) is an important industrial crop as a source of food and bio-energy. Its juice can act as a cheaper renewable substrate for bio-ethanol production because it contains free sugars like sucrose or monosaccharides (especially, glucose) that can be directly converted into ethanol via fermentation with the help of microorganisms. The present study reports on bio-ethanol production potential of 22 different sugarcane varieties/clones (early and mid-late) that were initially screened for cane yield and components traits, physiological and juice quality traits. Among 22 clones/varieties, six varieties viz, CoPb 95, CoPb 92, Co 0118, CoPb 93, CoJ 88, and Co 0238, were identified for good bio-ethanol production potential on the basis of leaf area (cm²), fresh weight (kg), Brix (%), extraction (%) and fiber (%) cane. These varieties were further evaluated for other biochemical traits and bio-ethanol production potential under laboratory scale and scale-up studies using yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae MK 680910). Two varieties CoPb 92 (early) and CoJ 88 (mid-late) having higher initial sugars and ethanol content under laboratory scale were selected as potential sugarcane varieties for scale-up studies. Study at 5 L scale reported that CoPb 92 variety exhibiting initial Brix (20.97%), total sugars (20.05 g/100 mL), and reducing sugars (0.567 g/100 mL), yielded 12.40 (%v/v) initial ethanol content with fermentation efficiency of 96.21 (%) and ethanol yield 0.50 (g/g) in early group. After double distillation of the fermented wort, the ethanol content of 78.46% (v/v) was achieved with ethanol recovery of 0.329 L. Similarly, variety CoJ 88 reporting initial Brix (20.24%), total sugars (19.88 g/100 mL), and reducing sugars (0.814 g/100 mL juice) yielded initial ethanol content of 11.68 (%v/v) with fermentation efficiency of 94.49 (%) and ethanol yield of 0.47 (g/g) in mid-late group. Recovery of 0.301 L ethanol was obtained after double distillation with ethanol content of 75.45 (%v/v). The sustainability of economy/ revenue of sugar industry relies on either reduction in the production cost of sugar or to divert sugar industry toward energy and power generation. Therefore, a cultivar intended for the production of ethanol ought to possess elevated levels of total sugars or percentage of commercial cane sugar, in conjunction with a substantial cane yield. The information generated in the present study can be added as a basic input to scale-up technical process toward enhancing the production of bio-fuel in sugar industries by switching over from sole sugar production to ethanol production, depending on the situations (sugar deficit/sugar surplus) in the market.

The ASEAN nations play a significant role in the global sugar trade, collectively contributing approximately 10% of the world’s sugar production. These countries produce over 17 million tons of sugar annually, with imports and exports amounting to 9,108,624 tons and 7,421,737 tons, respectively, while domestic consumption stands at 15,836,900 tons. Thailand holds the position of the second-largest sugar exporter globally, commanding a 60% share of exports after Brazil. Indonesia ranks as the world’s third-largest sugar consumer and a significant importer. The Philippines, another sugarcane-producing country, focuses primarily on domestic consumption but aims to transition into a net sugar exporter. Southeast Asian countries represent 13% of global centrifugal raw sugar exports and 14% of global sugar imports, thereby exerting considerable influence on the global sugar trade. The annual import volume across ASEAN countries typically ranges from 5 to 6 MT, with cane sugar being the primary internationally traded sugar commodity from the region. Despite having favorable conditions, cane productivity, sugar production, and the overall status of the sugar industry in these nations face region-specific challenges. Sugarcane cultivation across ASEAN nations have been affected by climatic changes such as the El Niño phenomenon over the years. The governments of ASEAN Nations are taking initiatives to overcome this challenge. Recent economic developments, such as the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), alongside related reforms, have spurred these countries to adapt to emerging circumstances and enhance global competitiveness. This review highlights the current state of the sugar industry in the ASEAN countries, the challenges encountered by these nations in this sector, government initiatives to boost sugarcane production, and the way forward, particularly in light of new economic developments in the region.

Last year on, September 9, 2023, India launched the Global Biofuel Alliance (GBA) along with other 8 countries during the G20 Summit in New Delhi. The core purpose of the alliance is to promote the biofuels at global front mitigating the whooping carbon emissions in turn tackle the climate changes. India remarkably achieved 10 percent ethanol blending in June 2022 and is expecting to the availability of E20 blend to 2025. The country is already blending 20 percent ethanol which is available at more than 1600 retail outlets across the country. Now, after launching the GBA, India may take leap forward in pushing ethanol not only as biofuel but also as an ideal solvent in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and allied sectors. The judicious utilization of both first- and second-generation feedstocks (1G and 2G) into ethanol production can cater its growing demand. In the present scenario, mixed ethanol (1.5G ethanol) could be a suitable choice harnessing 1G and 2G feedstock without compromising the food and feed requirements. This manuscript critically appraises the Indian ethanol program, production statistics of ethanol, availability of 1G and 2G feedstock, technology profile and commercialization status of ethanol in India. Considering the potential of ethanol business and government support, many potential private companies are embarking on ethanol as a potential blending in gasoline. Indigenous production of ethanol and its blend in gasoline would empower the Indian economics while saving the foreign exchange reserves as country imports more than 70% gasoline requirements.

Utilization of agroindustrial waste, such as press mud from the sugar industry, presents a compelling opportunity to address both economic and environmental concerns. Press mud is obtained during sugarcane juice clarification, is rich in sugar, minerals, and nutrients, making it a valuable resource for various applications. Since it is rich in nutrient, primarily press mud is used as manure for crop growth such as rice, maize, and wheat especially sugarcane. It increases the higher quality, yield, shoot, and root length. Press mud is mixed with bioinoculants, inorganic fertilizer, and it also contains native inoculum. It reduces the usage of chemical fertilizer. In addition to fertilizer, press mud is also used as biofuel, with detailed exploration into its conversion into biogas, biocompressed natural gas, and hydrogen, providing renewable resource, cost effective, eco-friendly alternatives, and contributions. Press mud role as an animal feed is delved into showcasing its inclusion in diets for layers, swine, broilers, and lambs and demonstrating its potential to reduce expenses without compromising growth. The economic, energetic, and environmental feasibility of these processes are discussed, highlighting the potential of press mud to contribute significantly to sustainable energy solutions. Sugarcane press mud is positioned as a versatile and valuable resource through this comprehensive exploration, offering solutions to waste management, agricultural enhancement, and sustainable energy production. The widespread adoption of press mud utilization is advocated by the findings, promoting a holistic approach to address both agricultural and environmental challenges. In future days, press mud can be explored as potential bioinoculant, renewable sources, and viable alternative feed.

Sugar crops, namely sugarcane, sugar beet and sweet sorghum, rank among the top essential crops for both food and industry globally, yet their production is impeded by considerable abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses, which include drought, salinity, temperature fluctuations and stress from heavy metals, pose a global challenge to agricultural production and productivity by threatening human food security and livelihoods. To address this issue, genome editing is widely adopted to create abiotic stress-resilient crops in order to increase crop yield. Fortunately, recent technologies like CRISPR/Cas9—clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated system/CRISPR-associated endonuclease genome editing are effective in creating abiotic stress-resistant varieties, which will be useful for producers to withstand challenging climatic conditions. It allows researchers to evade the prolonged process of traditional breeding and change the genome in a much shorter period. CRISPR/Cas9 is a renowned, powerful genome-editing tool and is beneficial in biological research since it may change the genome in several ways. It has unlocked new possibilities for plant breeding and carries the capability to revolutionise the field. This paper reviews the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in enhancing abiotic stress tolerant designer crops with the aim of enhancing their quality. In this review, we have highlighted the various gene-editing techniques, mechanism and classification of CRISPR system and its applications against abiotic stress in various crops including a special reference of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in sugar crops. The implementation of the CRISPR/Cas9 technique will support the sustainable agriculture and maximise yield by tackling the environmental stresses.

Sugarcane, recognized as one of the most water-demanding crops globally, relies on ample water from either rainfall or irrigation to attain maximum productivity and profitability. Meanwhile, the amount of fresh water available per person is steadily diminishing due to rising demands from residential, industrial, and agricultural sectors. Given the dwindling groundwater reserves amid climate change and various other sustainability issues, numerous technological interventions have been proposed by researchers to improve crop and water productivity of sugarcane. Implementing the interventions, such as selecting water-efficient cultivars, optimizing planting techniques, employing micro-irrigation systems particularly subsurface drip irrigation and AI-driven sensor-based optimized and automated irrigation scheduling, can be a judicious choice. Additionally, ensuring eco-friendly straw mulching, practicing efficient nutrient management, and promoting legume intercropping contribute to better soil health and sustainable cane yield. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the innovative technologies as effective solutions to diminish energy, water and carbon footprints in sugarcane production. These novel practices enable sugarcane as an efficient rain water harvesting crop rather than a water guzzler in the sub-tropics. The ultimate goal is to foster overall growth, improve yield and produce quality canes, ultimately enhancing the livelihoods of sugarcane farmers and minimize environmental impacts.

The abundantly available sugarcane press mud (SPM) has not been fully explored for its application in animal nutrition, despite possessing an acceptable nutrient profile. The present study examines the impact of incorporating SPM on the performance variables of growing cattle and its economic feasibility. Eighteen Vrindavani calves, aged 5 to 6 months and of similar body weight (BW: 33 ± 0.15 kg), were divided into three groups (T₀, T₁ and T₂), with each group containing six calves. Animals in groups T₀, T₁ and T₂ were fed with 0, 10 and 20% sun-dried SPM in their concentrate mixture, respectively, which proportionally substituted wheat bran on a weight-to-weight basis. Wheat straw was offered ad libitum as a source of forage in all the groups. The experimental feeding lasted for 180 days including six days of metabolism trial. The results indicated that the dry matter and nutrient intake, their digestibilities, as well as nutritional value of composite rations fed to 3 groups did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Furthermore, there were no differences in average daily gain in BW, feed conversion ratio, or nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism among the groups. Similarly, rumen microbial fermentation was not influenced by any of the dietary treatments. However, the intake of calcium and its retention were found higher (P<0.05) in groups T₁ and T₂ as compared to T₀. Beneficially, the cost of concentrate mixture and total feed cost were significantly lower (P<0.05) in both the T₁ and T₂ groups as compared to T₀. Based on these findings, we conclude that SPM can be safely incorporated into the diet of growing cattle at levels up to 20% without negatively affecting their performance parameters. These findings encourage the use of SPM as a low-cost alternative to partially substitute the conventional ingredient like wheat bran, thereby economising feeding programmes for growing cattle operations.

Sugar cane, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum are vital crops globally, providing sugar, renewable energy, and biomaterials. However, these crops face significant challenges from climate change and various biotic and abiotic stresses. Advanced genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, TALENs, and prime editing, have emerged as promising tools for developing resilient crop varieties with superior traits. Unlike traditional breeding methods, genome editing allows for precise and targeted modifications to the plant genome, accelerating the breeding process and enabling the creation of crops with enhanced traits. Recent studies have demonstrated the successful application of these technologies in improving sugar crops. For example, CRISPR/Cas9 has been used to modify sugarcane for improved biomass yield, plant architecture, and quality. TALENs have been employed to improve saccharification efficiency in sugarcane without compromising biomass yield. The advancements in genome technologies hold significant promise for addressing the challenges faced by sugar crops and allow researchers to develop crop varieties that are more resilient to climate change. This review provides an overview of the current status of genome editing in sugar crops, focusing on advanced genome editing tools and their potential applications in improving sugar cane, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum for global food security and sustainability.

The Vietnam sugarcane industry faces to many challenges during the last few years since Covid-19 pandemic. However, the industry has a significant increase in the last 2 years thanks to many factors that make a remarkable transformation of the industry. This paper reviews the factors affecting this significant transformation of the sugarcane industry and toward the trend of net zero and sustainable transformation of sugarcane value chain and sugar industry in Vietnam such as digitalization of the supply chain, research and development of co-products from sugar processing, application of big data and AI in consumer insight of the R&D process.