Animal Reproduction Science最新文献_第9页

Reproductive strategies of domestic Betta splendens as a foundation for developing breeding programs for Indonesia’s endangered wild species 国内锦绣斗鱼的繁殖策略为印度尼西亚濒危野生物种的繁殖计划奠定了基础

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107984

Darmawan Setia Budi , Agus Priyadi , Asep Permana , Gunawan , Fabrice Teletchea , Ahmad Shofy Mubarak , Imam Mustofa

Domesticating Betta splendens has yielded extensive insights into reproductive biology, breeding requirements, and parental care behaviors while also providing essential guidance for conserving endangered Indonesian wild Betta species. Adapted to fragile, acidic blackwater habitats, wild Betta species exhibit unique reproductive strategies, notably bubble nest building and mouthbrooding, which share both similarities and differences with domesticated strains. These distinct behaviors create both opportunities and challenges when applying breeding techniques developed for domesticated species to their wild counterparts, necessitating careful consideration of ecological requirements, genetic diversity, and reproductive dynamics. This review synthesizes findings on domestic B. splendens reproduction, emphasizing their relevance for developing effective ex-situ breeding protocols for wild Betta species. Additionally, it explores key factors, including habitat simulation, environmental enrichment, species-specific breeding system design, and genetic management, all essential for ensuring reproductive success while maintaining ecological and genetic integrity. Furthermore, community engagement and aquarist contributions are highlighted as vital components of sustainable conservation efforts. Integrating these approaches is crucial for safeguarding the rich Betta population biodiversity in Indonesia via responsible captive breeding and habitat restoration.

驯化斗鱼对生殖生物学、繁殖要求和亲代照顾行为产生了广泛的见解，同时也为保护濒危的印度尼西亚野生斗鱼物种提供了必要的指导。野生斗鱼适应于脆弱的酸性黑水栖息地，表现出独特的繁殖策略，特别是气泡筑巢和口育，与驯化品种既有相似之处，也有不同之处。在将驯化物种的育种技术应用于野生物种时，这些不同的行为既创造了机遇，也带来了挑战，需要仔细考虑生态要求、遗传多样性和生殖动力学。本文综述了国内外关于锦绣斗鱼繁殖的研究成果，强调了其对制定有效的野生斗鱼迁地繁殖方案的重要性。此外，它还探讨了关键因素，包括栖息地模拟、环境富集、物种特异性繁殖系统设计和遗传管理，这些都是确保繁殖成功同时保持生态和遗传完整性的关键。此外，社区参与和水族馆的贡献被强调为可持续保护工作的重要组成部分。综合这些方法对于通过负责任的圈养繁殖和栖息地恢复来保护印度尼西亚丰富的斗鱼种群生物多样性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

How deciphering the reproductive microbiomes can contribute to the conservation of wild mammalian species – A review 破解生殖微生物群如何有助于野生哺乳动物物种的保护——综述

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107981

Yasmim Carla da Silva Cavalcante , Pierre Comizzoli , Alexandre Rodrigues Silva

The study of microbiomes has significantly advanced, revealing their profound influence on host health and reproduction. Despite progress in human and domestic animal research, a substantial knowledge gap persists regarding reproductive microbiomes in wild mammals, particularly their impact on fertility and gamete viability. Characterizing these microbial communities is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies. This narrative review focuses on current research about reproductive microbiomes in wild mammals, detailing identification techniques (16S rRNA gene sequencing, MALDI-TOF MS) and distinguishing "microbiome" from "microbiota." It examines reproductive microbiota in both genders, including semino-vaginal interactions, highlighting their roles in reproductive health and drawing from cross-species comparisons. The review also addresses critical research gaps, such as the functional roles of specific microbial taxa, host-microbe specificity, longitudinal dynamics, and limited data on male reproductive health in species like elephants and marine mammals. Furthermore, this work explores microbiome-based diagnostics and treatments (e.g., probiotics, microbiota transfers) to improve reproductive outcomes and mitigate threats like dysbiosis. We also acknowledge unique logistical and ethical challenges in wild species sampling and manipulation, including contamination and inter-individual variability. By integrating these insights, the review offers a novel, microbial perspective for preserving wildlife and fostering healthier wild populations.

微生物组的研究取得了显著进展，揭示了它们对宿主健康和生殖的深远影响。尽管人类和家养动物的研究取得了进展，但关于野生哺乳动物的生殖微生物群，特别是它们对生育力和配子活力的影响，仍然存在实质性的知识差距。这些微生物群落的特征对于制定有效的保护策略至关重要。本文综述了野生哺乳动物生殖微生物组的研究现状，详细介绍了鉴定技术（16S rRNA基因测序、MALDI-TOF质谱）以及区分“微生物组”和“微生物群”。它检查了两性的生殖微生物群，包括半阴道相互作用，突出了它们在生殖健康中的作用，并从跨物种比较中得出结论。该综述还解决了关键的研究空白，例如特定微生物分类群的功能作用、宿主-微生物特异性、纵向动力学以及大象和海洋哺乳动物等物种的雄性生殖健康有限数据。此外，本研究还探索了基于微生物组的诊断和治疗（如益生菌、微生物群转移），以改善生殖结果和减轻生态失调等威胁。我们也承认在野生物种采样和操作方面存在独特的后勤和伦理挑战，包括污染和个体间变异。通过整合这些见解，该综述为保护野生动物和培育更健康的野生种群提供了一个新的微生物视角。

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引用次数: 0

Ovarian superstimulation for in vitro embryo production based on Anti-Müllerian hormone phenotype: Effect of FSH dose schedule 基于抗<s:1>勒氏激素表型的卵巢超刺激体外胚胎生成：FSH剂量计划的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107980

Jessica C.L. Motta , Rodrigo V. Sala , Cameron B. Hayden , Daniela C. Pereira , Vanessa C. Fricke , Victor A. Absalón-Medina , Pablo J. Ross , Alvaro García-Guerra

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is positively associated with embryo production, yet it also reflects underlying physiological variability. While follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is typically administered using a decreasing dose schedule, the effects of alternative dosing strategies on in vitro embryo production (IVEP) outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of FSH dose schedule on IVEP outcomes in the context of differing AMH concentrations. Pregnant heifers (n = 22) received 350 IU of FSH across six administrations using decreasing, constant, or increasing dose schedules in a crossover design. Superstimulation began at follicular wave emergence, and cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were retrieved 44 h after the last FSH dose and subjected to IVEP. Circulating AMH was positively associated with total follicle number, whereas follicle count did not differ by treatment (P ≥ 0.20). The increasing dose schedule tended (P ≤ 0.10) to yield more COCs and resulted in a greater COC retrieval percentage (P = 0.02) than the decreasing schedule. Both COC number and retrieval percentage were positively associated with AMH (P ≤ 0.03), independent of dose schedule. Greater AMH was linked to greater cleavage (constant and decreasing, P < 0.01) and blastocyst percentages (constant only, P < 0.01), while both parameters decreased with AMH under the increasing schedule (P ≤ 0.05). Despite these interactions, blastocyst yield was unaffected by FSH dose schedule (P = 0.84) but was positively associated with AMH (P < 0.01). In conclusion, AMH was predictive of IVEP outcomes regardless of FSH dose schedule, and use of a constant dose schedule may simplify donor management without compromising embryo yield.

抗勒氏杆菌激素（AMH）与胚胎产生呈正相关，但它也反映了潜在的生理变异性。虽然卵泡刺激素（FSH）通常使用递减剂量计划，但替代给药策略对体外胚胎产生（IVEP）结果的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估不同AMH浓度下FSH剂量计划对IVEP结果的影响。在交叉设计中，怀孕的小母牛（n = 22）在减少、恒定或增加剂量的情况下，分六次给药，接受350 IU的卵泡激素。在卵泡波出现时开始过度刺激，在最后一次FSH剂量44 h后回收卵丘-卵母细胞复合物（COCs）并进行IVEP。循环AMH与总卵泡数呈正相关，而不同治疗的卵泡数无差异（P ≥ 0.20）。增加剂量方案（P ≤ 0.10）比减少剂量方案产生更多的COC， COC回收率（P = 0.02）更高。COC数和检出率与AMH呈正相关（P ≤ 0.03），与给药方案无关。更高的AMH与更高的卵裂率（恒定且减小，P <； 0.01）和囊胚率（仅恒定，P <； 0.01）相关，但随着AMH的增加，这两个参数都降低（P ≤ 0.05）。尽管存在这些相互作用，但囊胚产量不受FSH剂量计划的影响（P = 0.84），但与AMH呈正相关（P <； 0.01）。总之，无论FSH剂量计划如何，AMH都可以预测IVEP的结果，使用恒定剂量计划可以简化供体管理，而不会影响胚胎产量。

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引用次数: 0

Urinary levels of oestradiol and pregnanediol glucuronides reflect the ovarian function in the domestic dog (Canis familiaris) 家犬（Canis familiaris）尿液中雌二醇和孕二醇葡萄糖醛酸盐水平反映卵巢功能

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107973

Tia M. Pennanen , Heli Lindeberg , Jaakko Mononen , Jouko Vepsäläinen , Mika Hujo , Sari Viitala

In many mammals, the reproductive cycle can be non-invasively monitored by measuring the concentrations of urinary steroid hormone metabolites. In domestic dogs, however, there is limited information available on the urinary excretion of oestrogens and progesterone. Oestradiol-3-glucuronide (E2G) and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PdG), the urinary metabolites of oestradiol-17β and progesterone, respectively, are commonly reported components of mammalian urine. In this study, we collected one to 28 daily urine samples of 43 female dogs after the onset of sanguineous vaginal discharge during 50 reproductive cycles. We developed an ELISA method for the measurement of urinary concentrations of E2G (nine cycles) and PdG (50 cycles). A linear mixed model was used to estimate the expected values and 95 % confidence intervals for the E2G and PdG concentrations. The expected urinary E2G was estimated to peak 6 days after the onset of sanguineous vaginal discharge and to decrease to one-third of the maximum concentration within a week. The estimates of the expected urinary PdG concentrations were low at the onset of sanguineous vaginal discharge and increased slowly thereafter, reaching maximum concentrations within three weeks. The similarity of the E2G and PdG models with existing literature suggested that urinary steroid metabolites could be a useful biomarker for detecting ovarian function in female dogs. Further detailed investigation is needed to enhance the suitability of E2G and PdG measurements in monitoring of oestrus. In summary, measurement of the urinary metabolites of steroid hormones is a promising non-invasive method for studying reproductive physiology in female dogs.

在许多哺乳动物中，生殖周期可以通过测量尿类固醇激素代谢物的浓度进行无创监测。然而，在家养狗中，关于雌激素和黄体酮尿液排泄的信息有限。estradiol-3-glucuronide （E2G）和pregnanediol-3-glucuronide （PdG）分别是雌二醇-17β和孕酮的尿液代谢物，通常被报道为哺乳动物尿液的成分。在这项研究中，我们收集了43只母狗在50个生殖周期中出现带血阴道分泌物后每天1至28份尿液样本。我们建立了一种ELISA方法来测定尿中E2G（9个周期）和PdG（50个周期）的浓度。采用线性混合模型估计E2G和PdG浓度的期望值和95 %置信区间。预计尿E2G在出现带血阴道分泌物后6天达到峰值，并在一周内降至最高浓度的三分之一。预期尿中PdG浓度在阴道带血性分泌物开始时较低，此后缓慢升高，在三周内达到最高浓度。E2G和PdG模型与现有文献的相似性表明，尿类固醇代谢物可能是检测雌性犬卵巢功能的有用生物标志物。E2G和PdG测量在发情监测中的适用性有待进一步深入研究。总之，测量尿液中类固醇激素的代谢物是一种很有前途的非侵入性方法，用于研究母狗的生殖生理。

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引用次数: 0

The roles of NLRP3 and prostaglandin E2 in mediating bidirectional cross-talk between bovine endometrial fibroblasts and M2 macrophages NLRP3和前列腺素E2在介导牛子宫内膜成纤维细胞与M2巨噬细胞双向交流中的作用

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107972

Jiamin Zhao , Haixia Bao , Wenhui Bao , Zhiguo Gong , Yunhe Fu , Xiaoyu Hu , Yanqin Dong , Wei Mao , Shuang Feng , Shuangyi Zhang

The bovine endometrium undergoes dynamic structural and functional changes during the estrous cycle, driven by intricate cellular interactions and a complex network of chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors. Among the key cell types, endometrial stromal fibroblasts and M2 macrophages are essential for anti-inflammatory responses and tissue remodeling. However, their bidirectional cross-talk remains poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated fibroblast-macrophage interactions using a conditioned medium-based co-culture system. M2 macrophages were treated with myofibroblast-conditioned medium (MFbCM), while myofibroblasts were treated with M2 macrophage-conditioned medium (M2ø CM), allowing detailed analysis of reciprocal regulatory effects. M2ø CM significantly upregulated fibroblast expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), suggesting M2 macrophage-mediated modulation of fibroblast remodeling activity. Conversely, MFbCM enhanced interleukin-10 (IL-10) and arginase expression in M2 macrophages, supporting fibroblast-driven polarization. Notably, both conditioned media increased expression of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in target cells. Inhibition of NLRP3 using the selective inhibitor MCC950 revealed that the NLRP3-prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) axis plays a pivotal role in mediating the cross-talk between these cell types. Collectively, our findings reveal a pivotal NLRP3-PGE₂ signaling axis in the regulation of fibroblast-macrophage interactions, offering novel insights into the mechanisms underlying bovine endometrial homeostasis and remodeling.

在发情周期中，牛子宫内膜在复杂的细胞相互作用和复杂的趋化因子、细胞因子和生长因子网络的驱动下，经历了动态的结构和功能变化。在关键细胞类型中，子宫内膜间质成纤维细胞和M2巨噬细胞对抗炎反应和组织重塑至关重要。然而，它们的双向串扰特性仍然很差。在这项研究中，我们使用条件培养基共培养系统研究了成纤维细胞与巨噬细胞的相互作用。M2巨噬细胞用肌成纤维细胞条件培养基（MFbCM）处理，而肌成纤维细胞用M2巨噬细胞条件培养基（M2ø CM）处理，可以详细分析相互调节作用。M2ø CM显著上调成纤维细胞生长因子-2 （FGF-2）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和基质金属蛋白酶-9 （MMP-9）的表达，提示M2巨噬细胞介导了成纤维细胞重塑活性的调节。相反，MFbCM增强了M2巨噬细胞中白细胞介素-10 （IL-10）和精氨酸酶的表达，支持成纤维细胞驱动的极化。值得注意的是，两种条件培养基均增加了靶细胞中nod样受体家族pyrin domain containing 3 （NLRP3）的表达。使用选择性抑制剂MCC950抑制NLRP3表明NLRP3-前列腺素E2 （PGE2）轴在介导这些细胞类型之间的串扰中起关键作用。总之，我们的研究结果揭示了一个关键的NLRP3-PGE2信号轴在成纤维细胞-巨噬细胞相互作用的调节中，为牛子宫内膜稳态和重塑的机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of the new fixed-time artificial insemination technology based on novel hormone preparations in gilts 基于新型激素制剂的定时人工授精新技术对后备母猪的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107971

Kexiong Liu , Hanbing Zhang , Xiaoling Xu , Zheng Huang , Feng Ji , Yusheng Qin , Linli Xiao , Shiwen Chen , Miaomiao Yan , Peng Zhao , Suozi Ge , Jiani Shu , Hao Zhang , Qin Chu , Yan Liu , Jiahua Bai

This study evaluated the effect of a novel fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol for gilts, which incorporates altrenogest tablets (ALT-T), long-acting recombinant porcine FSH (rpFSH), and recombinant hCG (rhCG). A total of 160 gilts were divided into the control (n = 80) and the new treatment (n = 80) groups. Control gilts received oral altrenogest solution (20 mg/day) for 18 days, followed by 1000 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) administered 42 h post-treatment and 100 μg GnRH 80 h later. The new treatment group received ALT-T, 40 μg rpFSH + 200 IU rhCG, and 400 IU rhCG at equivalent time points. Both groups underwent dual inseminations at 24 h and 40 h after GnRH/rhCG administration. Hormonal profiles (altrenogest, FSH, E₂, P₄) showed no significant differences between the groups, except for a higher LH level (P < 0.05) during ALT-T treatment. Follicle sizes were comparable during the two types of altrenogest administration but became significantly larger in the control group 12 h pre-ovulation (6.99 vs. 6.57 mm, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in reproductive outcomes between two groups including estrus rate (76.25 % vs. 76.25 %), pregnancy rate (88.52 % vs. 91.80 %) and farrowing rate (94.44 % vs. 94.64 %). Notably, the new treatment group exhibited superior litter productivity with significantly increased total born (13.81 vs. 11.80, P < 0.05) and live-born piglets (11.81 vs. 10.39, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the new FTAI protocol achieves comparable synchronization efficacy while enhancing litter productivity compared to traditional regimens, supporting its use as an effective alternative for gilts reproductive management.

本研究评估了一种新的固定时间人工授精（FTAI）方案对后备母猪的影响，该方案结合了阿替诺素片（ALT-T）、长效重组猪卵泡激素（rpFSH）和重组人绒毛膜促性腺激素（rhCG）。将160头后备母猪分为对照组（n = 80）和新处理组（n = 80）。对照母猪口服阿替诺酯溶液（20 mg/天）18天，治疗42 h后给予1000 IU马绒毛膜促性腺激素（eCG）， 80 h后给予100 μg GnRH。新治疗组在等效时间点给予ALT-T、40 μg rpFSH + 200 IU rhCG、400 IU rhCG治疗。两组分别在GnRH/rhCG给药后24 h和40 h进行了两次人工授精。除了ALT-T治疗期间LH水平升高（P <； 0.05）外，激素谱（ALT-T、FSH、E2、P4）各组间无显著差异。两种给药方式的卵泡大小相当，但在对照组12 h排卵前卵泡大小明显变大（6.99 vs. 6.57 mm, P <； 0.05）。两组的生殖结局包括发情率（76.25 % vs. 76.25 %）、妊娠率（88.52 % vs. 91.80 %）和分娩率（94.44 % vs. 94.64 %），差异均无统计学意义。值得注意的是，新处理组产仔率更高，产仔总数（13.81比11.80,P <； 0.05）和活产仔猪（11.81比10.39,P <； 0.05）显著增加。这些发现表明，与传统方案相比，新的FTAI方案在提高产仔率的同时实现了相当的同步效果，支持其作为后备母猪生殖管理的有效替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary zearalenone intake on oocyte quality for in vitro embryo production and on serum anti-Müllerian hormone and inflammatory marker levels, following ovum pick-up in Japanese Black donor cows 日粮玉米赤霉烯酮摄入量对日本黑供牛体外胚胎生产卵母细胞质量及取卵后血清抗<s:1>勒氏杆菌激素和炎症标志物水平的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107970

Shogo Hashimoto , Hiroshi Hasunuma , Katsuki Toda , Hinako Fujisaki , Miyuki Arai , Daisaku Matsumoto , Osamu Yamato , Oky Setyo Widodo , Masayasu Taniguchi , Mitsuhiro Takagi

In Japanese Black (JB) cattle, the number and percentage of transferable in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos after oocyte collection are essential for the economic success of embryo production. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a useful predictive marker for the number of cumulus-oophorus complexes (COCs) obtained through transvaginal oocyte retrieval. We aimed to examine the relationship of AMH levels, serum amyloid A (SAA) levels, and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratios, which are inflammatory markers, and urinary zearalenone (ZEN) levels, which reflect dietary ZEN intake, with the number and quality of oocytes recovered after ovum pickup (OPU) in JB donor cows as well as the number and rate of transferable IVF embryos. Oocytes obtained after OPU were fertilized in vitro. Additionally, blood and urine samples were collected at the time of OPU to assess serum AMH and SAA levels as well as urinary ZEN levels. The number of recovered oocytes (R = 0.745, P = 0.000) and transferable embryos was positively correlated with AMH levels (R = 0.704, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with gamma-globulin levels. Furthermore, the percentage of transferable embryos per total number of embryos was positively correlated with urinary ZEN levels (P = 0.027). In conclusion, AMH levels can inform the selection of JB donor cows for OPU. Moreover, substandard ZEN contamination of dietary feed may not affect embryo production following OPU; instead, it may result in an increased number of transferable embryos, and in turn facilitate oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation during follicle development.

在日本黑牛（JB）中，卵母细胞收集后可移植体外受精（IVF）胚胎的数量和百分比对胚胎生产的经济成功至关重要。抗勒氏杆菌激素（AMH）是经阴道卵母细胞回收获得的卵丘-卵巢复合体（COCs）数量的有效预测指标。我们的目的是研究AMH水平、血清淀粉样蛋白A （SAA）水平、白蛋白/球蛋白（A/G）比率（炎症标志物）和尿玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）水平（反映饲粮ZEN摄入量）与JB供体奶牛取卵后恢复的卵母细胞数量和质量（OPU）以及可移植体外受精胚胎的数量和率之间的关系。OPU后获得的卵母细胞体外受精。此外，在OPU时采集血液和尿液样本，评估血清AMH和SAA水平以及尿液ZEN水平。恢复卵母细胞数（R = 0.745, P = 0.000）和可移植胚胎数与AMH水平呈正相关（R = 0.704, P = 0.000），与γ -球蛋白水平负相关。可移植胚胎占胚胎总数的比例与尿ZEN水平呈正相关（P = 0.027）。综上所述，AMH水平可以指导供体奶牛的选择。此外，不合格的日粮ZEN污染可能不会影响OPU后的胚胎生产；相反，它可能导致可移植胚胎数量的增加，进而促进卵泡发育过程中卵母细胞核和细胞质的成熟。

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引用次数: 0

Behavioural study of rams subjected to photoperiod change: sexual, social, vital and group activities monitored by video 受光周期变化影响的公羊的行为研究：通过视频监测性、社会、生命和群体活动

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107969

Elena Pérez-García , Jaime Nieto , José Alfonso Abecia , Javier Plaza , Carlos Palacios

This study examined behavioural differences in rams exposed to artificial photoperiod stimulation, within the context of the ram effect. Eleven rams were divided into two groups: six received two months of long-day artificial photoperiod (16 h light/day), followed by one month of natural light (9 h light/day, February), while five control rams remained under natural lighting. At the end of the third month, three pens were established: one with photoperiod-stimulated rams (Group L, n = 3), one with control rams (Group C, n = 3), both with 30 ewes, and one mixed pen with both stimulated (Group L+C, n = 3) and control rams (Group C+L, n = 2) with 60 ewes. Behavioural observations were conducted over 11 consecutive days. A total of 26 behaviours-classified as sexual, vital, social, and grouping- were manually recorded and analysed using BORIS software. Sexual behaviours were the most frequent across all groups. Rams in Group L exhibited higher frequencies in all behaviour categories (p < 0.001). Vital activities had the longest durations, with Group C spending more time on these behaviours than others. In the mixed pen, both stimulated and control rams showed intermediate activity frequencies compared to their respective isolated counterparts (Group L: 36.7 % vs. L+C: 26.6 %; Group C: 17.6 % vs. C+L: 19.0 %; p > 0.001).

In conclusion, artificial photoperiod stimulation increased the frequency of key behavioural categories, especially sexual activity. Social interactions in mixed groups modified behaviour, suggesting mutual influence. BORIS software proved valuable for detailed behavioural analysis in ethological research.

本研究在公羊效应的背景下，研究了暴露于人工光周期刺激的公羊的行为差异。11只公羊被分为两组：6只接受2个月的长日人工光照（16 h光/天），然后是1个月的自然光（9 h光/天，2月），而5只对照公羊仍处于自然光下。第3个月末，建立3个圈，1个圈为光周期刺激公羊（L组，n = 3），1个圈为对照公羊（C组，n = 3），各圈30只母羊，1个圈为光周期刺激公羊（L+C组，n = 3）和对照公羊（C+L组，n = 2），各圈60只母羊。行为观察连续进行了11天。总共有26种行为——分为性行为、生命行为、社会行为和群体行为——被手工记录下来，并使用BORIS软件进行分析。性行为在所有群体中都是最常见的。L组公羊在所有行为类别中表现出更高的频率（p <； 0.001）。重要活动的持续时间最长，C组在这些行为上花费的时间比其他组多。在混合栏中，受刺激的公羊和对照公羊的活动频率与各自隔离的公羊相比都处于中等水平（L组：36.7 % vs. L+C: 26.6 %；C组：17.6 % vs. C+L: 19.0 %;p >； 0.001）。综上所述，人工光周期刺激增加了关键行为类别的频率，尤其是性活动。混合群体中的社会互动改变了行为，表明相互影响。BORIS软件被证明对行为学研究中的详细行为分析很有价值。

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引用次数: 0

Determining the best timing of insemination based on salivary fern pattern and its association with conception in buffalo 基于水牛唾液蕨形态及其与受孕关系的最佳授精时机的确定

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107968

Aashirbad Pokharel , Gokarna Gautam , Shatrughan Shah , Kapil Dev Yadav , Mourad Rekik , Deka Ram Pratim , Padmakumar Varijakshapanicker , Bhuminand Devkota

Salivary fern patterns (SFP) offer a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective alternative to conventional estrus detection methods, addressing challenges such as silent heat, inaccurate heat detection, and improper timing of artificial insemination (AI). This study evaluated the utility of SFP in determining best timing for AI and its association with conception in buffaloes. Two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, twelve cyclic buffaloes in follicular phase were treated with standard Ovsynch protocol and 168 saliva samples were systematically collected to establish reference SFP, its grades, and corresponding fractal dimension values across the luteal and follicular phases. In Experiment 2, 62 buffaloes in natural estrus were inseminated without hormonal treatment, with saliva samples collected prior to insemination for SFP analysis. The SFP were graded as excellent, good, fair, or poor based on microscopic observation and fractal dimension values. During Experiment 1, an excellent grade SFP with lower (P < 0.01) fractal dimension values was observed during late proestrus and early estrus. In about 15 h, the grading transitioned to a good grade corresponding to late estrus before declining to fair or poor grades in the luteal phase. In Experiment 2, buffaloes exhibiting a good grade SFP at insemination showed higher conception rates (P < 0.01) compared to other grades. These findings suggested a precision AI timing for improved conception in buffaloes at either 15 h after the appearance of an excellent grade SFP or when the SFP grade transitions to good, corresponding to late estrus. This approach may help enhance reproductive efficiency and address estrus detection challenges in buffaloes.

唾液蕨图案（SFP）提供了一种简单、无创、经济高效的替代传统发情检测方法，解决了诸如静热、热检测不准确和人工授精（AI）时机不当等挑战。本研究评估了SFP在确定人工授精最佳时机方面的效用及其与水牛受孕的关系。进行了两个实验。实验1采用标准Ovsynch方案处理12头卵泡期循环水牛，系统采集168份唾液样本，建立黄体期和卵泡期的参考SFP及其等级和相应的分形维数值。实验2选用62头处于自然发情期的水牛，在不使用激素的情况下进行人工授精，在授精前采集唾液样本进行SFP分析。SFP根据显微观察和分形维值被分为优秀、良好、一般或差。在实验1中，在发情后期和发情早期观察到一个分形维数值较低（P <； 0.01）的优质SFP。在大约15 h，分级过渡到一个良好的等级，对应于发情晚期，然后下降到黄体期的一般或差等级。实验2中，SFP等级好的水牛受精率高于其他等级（P <； 0.01）。这些发现表明，在出现优质SFP后15 h或当SFP等级过渡到良好时（对应于发情后期），可以精确地对水牛进行人工智能受孕。这种方法可能有助于提高水牛的繁殖效率和解决发情检测的挑战。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of mitochondria-targeted (MitoQ and Mito-TEMPO) and untargeted (SOD and CoQ10) antioxidants on ram’s sperm quality and fertility potential during the cryopreservation process 线粒体靶向抗氧化剂（MitoQ和Mito-TEMPO）和非靶向抗氧化剂（SOD和CoQ10）对低温保存过程中公羊精子质量和生育潜力的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107967

Maryam Hatami , Reza Masoudi , Nader Asadzadeh , Mohsen Sharafi

Sperm cryopreservation is a widely used procedure for storing donor semen prior to artificial insemination. However, spermatozoa experience biochemical and functional changes during cryopreservation. The current study aimed to compare the effects of mitochondrial-targeted (MitoQ and Mito-TEMPO) and untargeted (SOD and CoQ₁₀) antioxidants on the quality traits of ram sperm and reproductive performance. Semen samples were collected and diluted in extenders as follows: the first group served as the control, while the other groups were supplemented with 100 U/mL superoxide dismutase (SOD), 1 μM CoQ₁₀ (Q10), 50 and 100 nM MitoQ (MQ50 and MQ100), 50 and 100 μM Mito-TEMPO (MT50 and MT100), and 50 nM MitoQ+ 50 μM Mito-TEMPO (MQ/MT). After the freezing, sperm quality characteristics and fertility potential were evaluated. According to the current results, the groups MQ50, MQ100, MT50, MT100, and MQ/MT exhibited higher (P ≤ 0.05) rates of total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM), average path velocity (VAP), membrane integrity (MI), mitochondrial activity potential (MAP), acrosome integrity (AI), viable cells, and fertility potential, as well as lower (P ≤ 0.05) late apoptotic-like changes, DNA fragmentation, H₂O₂ concentration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations compared to the SOD and Q10 groups. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the groups of SOD, MT50, MT100, and MQ/MT than in other groups. Furthermore, the MQ/MT group exhibited the highest (P ≤ 0.05) rates of TM, PM, VAP, MI, MAP, AI, viable cells, and fertility potential, along with the lowest (P ≤ 0.05) late apoptotic-like changes, DNA fragmentation, H₂O₂ concentration, and MDA concentrations relative to the other groups. In conclusion, incorporating MitoQ+Mito-TEMPO into the extender during the semen freezing could be a valuable strategy to enhance the success of ram frozen semen.

精子冷冻保存是一种广泛使用的程序，用于在人工授精之前储存供体精液。然而，精子在冷冻保存过程中经历了生化和功能的变化。本研究旨在比较线粒体靶向抗氧化剂（MitoQ和Mito-TEMPO）和非靶向抗氧化剂（SOD和CoQ10）对公羊精子质量性状和生殖性能的影响。采集精液样本，用增液稀释：第一组为对照，其余各组分别添加100 U/mL超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、1 μM CoQ10 （Q10）、50和100 nM MitoQ （MQ50和MQ100）、50和100 μM Mito-TEMPO （MT50和MT100）、50 nM MitoQ+ 50 μM Mito-TEMPO （MQ/MT）。冷冻后，评估精子质量特征和生育潜力。根据目前的结果，与SOD和Q10组相比，MQ50、MQ100、MT50、MT100和MQ/MT组在总运动性（TM）、进行性运动性（PM）、平均路径速度（VAP）、膜完整性（MI）、线粒体活性电位（MAP）、顶体完整性（AI）、活细胞和生育潜力方面表现出更高的（P ≤ 0.05）率，以及更低的（P ≤ 0.05）晚期凋亡样改变、DNA片段化、H2O2浓度和丙二醛（MDA）浓度。SOD、MT50、MT100和MQ/MT组超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）浓度显著高于其他各组（P ≤ 0.05）。此外，与其他各组相比，MQ/MT组的TM、PM、VAP、MI、MAP、AI、活细胞率最高（P ≤ 0.05），生育潜能最高（P ≤ 0.05），晚期凋亡样改变、DNA片段化、H2O2浓度和MDA浓度最低（P ≤ 0.05）。综上所述，在精液冷冻过程中加入MitoQ+Mito-TEMPO可以提高公羊冷冻精液的成功率。

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引用次数: 0