Animal Reproduction Science最新文献_第8页

Recombinant bovine somatotropin alters embryonic gene expression in superovulated ewes 重组牛促生长激素改变超排卵母羊胚胎基因表达。

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107995

Ana Paula Pereira Schmidt , Pedro Henrique Nicolau Pinto , Juan Pedro Bottino González , Pedro Henrique de Mello Cotta Maia , Maria Paula da Costa Plaza , Brenda Barbosa Martins , Ribrio Ivan Tavares Pereira Batista , Joanna Maria G. Souza-Fabjan , Mário Felipe Alvarez Balaro , Jeferson Ferreira da Fonseca , Rodolfo Ungerfeld , Felipe Zandonadi Brandão

The aim of this study was to determine if recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) administration before a superovulatory protocol increases the ovulation rate and embryo quality, including gene expression, in sheep. Forty multiparous Santa Inês ewes were superovulated using 133 IU of FSH in six decreasing doses. Ewes from the treatment group (GST; n = 20), received a subcutaneous injection of 50 mg rbST 3 days before beginning the superovulatory treatment, while the control group (GCON; n = 20) remained as controls receiving saline solution. The ovaries were scanned with ultrasound to evaluate the follicular population, ovulation rate, and corpora lutea. Blood samples were collected to determine insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations. Embryos were recovered and analyzed for gene expression. The administration of rbST significantly increased serum IGF-1 levels while downregulating the expression of BCL2 and PRDX1 in embryos. Additionally, the expression of SIRT2 and CDH1 was upregulated in embryos collected from GST ewes, suggesting enhanced metabolic regulation and cell adhesion processes within embryonic cells. However, no significant differences were observed between GST and GCON in corpora lutea count, viable embryos. The treatment did not modify the follicular populations, the incidence of estrus, or the ovulation rate. In summary, administering a single dose of rbST before beginning the superovulation (SOV) treatment modulated the expression of genes related to embryo development. These findings provide novel insights into the non-ovarian effects of rbST in sheep and suggest a potential strategy to improve embryo developmental competence in assisted reproduction protocols.

本研究的目的是确定在超排卵方案之前给药重组牛生长激素（rbST）是否会增加绵羊的排卵率和胚胎质量，包括基因表达。40只多产Santa Inês母羊使用133 IU FSH分6次递减剂量超排卵。治疗组（GST; n = 20）的母羊在开始超排卵治疗前3天皮下注射50 mg rbST，而对照组（GCON; n = 20）仍然作为对照组接受生理盐水溶液。用超声扫描卵巢以评估卵泡数量、排卵率和黄体。采集血样测定胰岛素样生长因子1 （IGF-1）浓度。回收胚胎进行基因表达分析。rbST可显著提高胚胎血清IGF-1水平，同时下调BCL2和PRDX1的表达。此外，从GST母羊收集的胚胎中，SIRT2和CDH1的表达上调，表明胚胎细胞内的代谢调节和细胞粘附过程增强。然而，GST和GCON在黄体数量、活胚数量等方面无显著差异。治疗没有改变卵泡群、发情发生率或排卵率。总之，在开始超排卵（SOV）治疗前给予单剂量rbST可调节与胚胎发育相关的基因表达。这些发现为rbST对绵羊的非卵巢影响提供了新的见解，并提出了在辅助生殖方案中提高胚胎发育能力的潜在策略。

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引用次数: 0

Herbicide exposure impairs the morphofunctional parameters of bovine sperm 除草剂暴露会损害牛精子的形态功能参数。

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107993

Diogo Ferreira Bicca , Rafaela Dalmolin Menezes , Luiza Gazeta Passos , Clara de Carvalho Silva , Mariana Gimenez dos Santos , Laura Rohde Brondani , Rogério Ferreira , Fábio Gallas Leivas , Daniela dos Santos Brum , Francielli Weber Santos Cibin

Glyphosate (GLP), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and atrazine (ATZ) are the most commercialized herbicides in Brazil. Despite the damage to male fertility caused by pesticides, information on cattle remains limited. We evaluated the effects of exposing bovine sperm to concentrations of GLP, 2, 4-D, and ATZ. A semen pool from four bulls was incubated at 37°C for 1 and 3 h in TALP-Fert medium, and treated as follows: Control group (vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide); GLP at 5 (G5), 36 (G36), and 50 (G50) µg/mL; 2,4-D, at 0.5 (D05), 1 (D1), and 5 (D5) µM; and ATZ, at 0.05 (A005), 0.1 (A01), and 1 (A1) µM. Herbicide groups affected various kinematic parameters. Total motility was reduced by ATZ, while progressive motility decreased in all treatments compared to the control. Velocity-related kinematic parameters were significantly impaired by GLP treatment, and hyperactivity was negatively influenced by all three herbicide groups. Sperm morphology was altered in the G50, D5, and ATZ groups, with a higher incidence of major defects compared to the control. The hypo-osmotic swelling test revealed that plasma membrane integrity was compromised only in the A005 and A01 treatment groups. Regarding oxidative stress markers, although no differences were observed in reactive oxygen species generation or lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity was significantly reduced by the 2,4-D treatment. Moreover, fertilization rates declined in the D05 group, which corresponded to the lowest 2,4-D concentration. These findings demonstrate that herbicide concentrations can adversely affect bovine spermatozoa by impairing critical quality parameters, ultimately compromising sperm function.

草甘膦（GLP）、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4- d）和阿特拉津（ATZ）是巴西商业化程度最高的除草剂。尽管农药对男性生育能力造成了损害，但关于牛的信息仍然有限。我们评估了牛精子暴露于GLP、2,4 - d和ATZ浓度的影响。选取4头公牛的精液池，在TALP-Fert培养基中于37°C孵育1和3 h，处理如下：对照组（二甲基亚砜）；GLP浓度为5 （G5）、36 （G36）、50 （G50）µg/mL；2,4- d, 0.5 (D05), 1 (D1), 5 （D5）µM；和ATZ分别为0.05 （A005）、0.1 （A01）和1 （A1）µM。除草剂基团对各运动参数有影响。与对照组相比，ATZ降低了总运动性，而所有治疗的进行性运动性均下降。GLP处理显著损害了与速度相关的运动学参数，三种除草剂组均对多动性产生负面影响。G50、D5和ATZ组的精子形态发生了改变，与对照组相比，主要缺陷的发生率更高。低渗透肿胀试验显示，只有A005和A01处理组的质膜完整性受到损害。在氧化应激标志物方面，尽管在活性氧生成和脂质过氧化方面没有观察到差异，但2,4- d处理显著降低了总抗氧化能力。D05组受精率下降，对应于最低的2,4- d浓度。这些发现表明，除草剂浓度可以通过损害关键质量参数对牛精子产生不利影响，最终损害精子功能。

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引用次数: 0

Management and reproductive parameters of a captive scarlet ibis (Eudocimus ruber) population at low latitude 低纬度圈养朱鹮种群管理及繁殖参数研究

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107992

Camilo A.G. González , Ricardo J.G. Pereira , Allana Lais Alves Lima , Regiane F. Feitosa , Bruno S. Godoy , Sheyla F.S. Domingues

Effective captive breeding programs are essential for conserving threatened avian species. This study aimed to describe the breeding performance of a captive population of scarlet ibis over a three-year period (2022, 2023, and 2024). The breeding season varied between July and January over the three years. Both males and females began forming breeding pairs as early as two years old, with the oldest pairing ages being 20 years for males and 12 years for females. Higher enclosure densities appeared to improve laying rates and encourage earlier laying, while a 1:1 male-to-female ratio facilitated effective pair formation with minimal aggression. Egg removal led to an average of 7.6 ± 2.7 replacement lays per female. Advancement of the laying season was significantly associated with increased initial egg weight for Dezember (p < 0.01). The median daily weight loss during incubation was 0.7 % (tau = 0.5), while the mean weight loss on day 21 was 19 ± 2 %. The findings from this study are relevant to enhance the efficiency of breeding programs for the species and may inform breeding strategies for other species within the Threskiornithidae family.

有效的圈养繁殖计划对保护濒危鸟类物种至关重要。本研究旨在描述圈养朱鹮种群在三年期间（2022年、2023年和2024年）的繁殖表现。三年的繁殖季节在七月和一月之间变化。雄性和雌性早在两岁时就开始形成交配伴侣，雄性和雌性的最大配对年龄分别为20岁和12岁。较高的圈养密度似乎可以提高产蛋率并促进早期产卵，而1:1的雌雄比例有助于以最小的攻击性有效地形成配对。除卵导致每只雌鸡平均产下7.6个 ± 2.7个替代蛋。产蛋季节的提前与12月初始蛋重的增加极显著相关（p <； 0.01）。孵育期间平均每日体重减轻0.7 % (tau = 0.5)，而第21天平均体重减轻19 ± 2 %。本研究结果对提高该物种的育种效率具有重要意义，并可为其他物种的育种策略提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

PRM1 modulates proliferation, apoptosis, and testosterone synthesis in bovine Leydig cells PRM1调节牛间质细胞的增殖、凋亡和睾酮合成

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107991

Xin Wang , Xinqi Zhou , Tongtong Tu , Shuangshuang Cui , Xiang Meng , Yunhai Zhang , Hongyu Liu , Ning Song

Testicular development is crucial for spermatogenesis and reproductive capacity of bulls. The synthesis and secretion of testosterone by Leydig cells influence testicular physiological functions. The protamine 1 (PRM1) gene is highly expressed in adult bull testes; however, its effects on bovine Leydig cells remain unclear. In this study, bovine Leydig cells were isolated and cultured, followed by overexpression and knockdown of PRM1. The effects of PRM1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and testosterone synthesis were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8, EdU staining, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Overexpression of PRM1 enhanced cell viability, increased the proportion of cells in the S phase, and upregulated the expression of proliferation-related genes proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) (P < 0.01); reduced the number of apoptotic cells and downregulated the expression of apoptosis-related genes BAX and Caspase3 (P < 0.05); and promoted testosterone secretion as well as the expression of testosterone synthesis-related genes cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1 (CYP17A1), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 (HSD17B3), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) (P < 0.05). Conversely, PRM1 knockdown decreased cell viability, reduced the proportion of cells in the S phase, and downregulated the expression of PCNA and CDK2 (P < 0.01); increased the number of apoptotic cells and upregulated the expression of BAX and Caspase3 (P < 0.05); suppressed testosterone secretion along with the expression of CYP17A1, HSD17B3, and STAR (P < 0.05). Overall, PRM1 promotes cell proliferation and inhibits cell apoptosis in bovine Leydig cells, while enhancing testosterone synthesis and secretion. This study provides a theoretical foundation and potential applications for improving semen quality in bulls.

睾丸发育对公牛的精子发生和生殖能力至关重要。睾丸间质细胞的睾酮合成和分泌影响睾丸的生理功能。鱼精蛋白1 （PRM1）基因在成年公牛睾丸中高表达；然而，其对牛间质细胞的影响尚不清楚。本研究分离培养牛间质细胞，对PRM1进行过表达和敲低。通过实时荧光定量PCR、western blotting、cell Counting Kit-8、EdU染色、流式细胞术和ELISA检测PRM1对细胞增殖、凋亡和睾酮合成的影响。PRM1过表达可增强细胞活力，增加S期细胞比例，上调增殖相关基因增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2 （CDK2）的表达（P <； 0.01）；减少凋亡细胞数量，下调凋亡相关基因BAX、Caspase3的表达（P <； 0.05）；促进睾酮分泌及睾酮合成相关基因细胞色素P450家族17亚家族A成员1 （CYP17A1）、17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶3 （HSD17B3）、类固醇急性调节蛋白（STAR）的表达（P <； 0.05）。相反，PRM1敲低可降低细胞活力，降低S期细胞比例，下调PCNA和CDK2的表达（P <； 0.01）；增加凋亡细胞数，上调BAX、Caspase3的表达（P <； 0.05）；抑制睾酮分泌，抑制CYP17A1、HSD17B3、STAR的表达（P <； 0.05）。总的来说，PRM1在牛间质细胞中促进细胞增殖，抑制细胞凋亡，同时促进睾酮的合成和分泌。本研究为提高公牛精液质量提供了理论基础和潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of prolonged unsaturated fatty acid supplementation on reproductive competence and metabolic profiles in serum and follicular fluid of Holstein heifers 长期补充不饱和脂肪酸对荷斯坦小母牛生殖能力及血清和卵泡液代谢谱的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107989

Lenita C. Verdurico , Caio S. Takiya , Alanne T. Nunes , Tiago A. Del Valle , Filipe Zanferari , Rodrigo Gardinal , Gustavo D. Calomeni , Elmeson Ferreira de Jesus , Guilherme G. Silva , Larissa Vitória Franco da Cruz , Francisco P. Rennó

This study evaluated the effects of a 120-d dietary supplementation with unsaturated fatty acids from soybean grain and flaxseed on oocyte quality, in vitro embryo quality and production, and the metabolic profiles of blood and follicular fluid in Holstein heifers. Twenty-four heifers were assigned to the following treatments: a control diet (CON) and diets supplemented with whole raw soybeans (WRS) or flaxseed (FLX), both formulated to increase ether extract content to approximately 4.5 % dry matter (DM). Growth performance, serum metabolites, follicular fluid composition, and in vitro embryo production were assessed. Data were analyzed as repeated measures modeling the fixed effects of treatment, time, and their interaction. Treatment means were compared through orthogonal contrasts (CON vs. WRS+FLX and WRS vs. FLX). Heifers in the supplemented groups exhibited reduced average daily gain compared to the control group. Serum glucose concentrations were lower, while total cholesterol tended to be lower and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol tended to be higher in supplemented groups, indicating shifts in lipid metabolism. Follicular fluid analyses revealed decreased triglyceride and a tendency to decreased urea levels in supplemented groups. Oocyte quality improved in heifers receiving fat supplementation, as indicated by a higher proportion of viable oocytes, while no differences were observed in the cleavage rates and embryo production. These findings suggest that unsaturated fatty acids can modulate metabolic parameters and enhance oocyte viability in Holstein heifers, although their effects on embryo production remain inconsistent. Further research is needed to optimize fatty acid supplementation strategies for improving reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle.

本研究评估了饲粮中添加大豆籽粒和亚麻籽不饱和脂肪酸120 d对荷斯坦母牛卵母细胞质量、体外胚胎质量和产量以及血液和卵泡液代谢谱的影响。选取24头小母牛，分别饲喂对照饲粮（CON）和添加全生大豆（WRS）或亚麻籽（FLX）的饲粮，以提高粗脂肪含量至约4.5% %干物质（DM）。评估生长性能、血清代谢物、卵泡液成分和体外胚胎产量。对数据进行重复测量分析，模拟治疗、时间及其相互作用的固定效果。通过正交对比（CON vs WRS+FLX和WRS vs FLX）比较治疗方法。与对照组相比，添加组的小母牛平均日增重降低。补充组血清葡萄糖浓度降低，总胆固醇趋于降低，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇趋于升高，表明脂质代谢发生了变化。卵泡液分析显示，补充组甘油三酯降低，尿素水平也有降低的趋势。在补充脂肪的小母牛中，卵母细胞质量得到改善，这表明活卵母细胞的比例更高，但在卵裂率和胚胎产量方面没有观察到差异。这些发现表明，不饱和脂肪酸可以调节荷斯坦小母牛的代谢参数，提高卵母细胞活力，尽管它们对胚胎生产的影响尚不一致。为了提高奶牛的繁殖效率，需要进一步优化脂肪酸补充策略。

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引用次数: 0

Gene dysregulation impairs placental angiogenesis in allogeneic pig pregnancies 基因失调损害异体猪妊娠胎盘血管生成

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107988

Cristina A. Martinez-Serrano , Josep M. Cambra , Manuel Alvarez-Rodriguez , Inmaculada Parrilla , Cristina Cuello , Maria A. Gil , Emilio A. Martinez , Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez

Embryo transfer (ET) is a valuable reproductive technology in pigs, albeit its efficiency remains significantly lower than that of natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), owing to high embryonic death rates. Critical for embryo survival and pregnancy success is the placenta, which supports conceptus development through nutrient exchange, hormone production, and immune modulation. Alterations in placental development and function may therefore underlie the reduced efficiency of ET. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction, crossbred (Landrace × Large White) recipient sows were hormonally synchronized and either inseminated on the onset of estrus (Day 0), (Control group; n = 8) or surgically transferred 23 morulae on Day 5 post-estrus (Allogeneic group; n = 8). Placental samples were collected from four sows per group on Day 18 (attachment phase) and Day 24 (early placentation) of pregnancy. Libraries were prepared using the TruSeq Stranded mRNA kit (Illumina). Sequencing was performed on a NextSeq 550 platform (2 ×75 bp paired-end), and reads were aligned to the Sus scrofa 11.1 genome. Differential gene expression analysis (FC>2/<-2, P < 0.05) revealed significant downregulation of key angiogenic and immune-regulatory genes in allogeneic placentas. On Day 18, VEGFA, NOS3, FGF9, HIF1A, STAT1, STAT3, SMAD1, SMAD4, SMAD5, and ETS1 were markedly reduced, indicating impaired vascular remodeling and immune modulation. By Day 24, SMAD2 and additional immune-related genes remained dysregulated. Conversely, ANGPTL2 was upregulated on Day 24, possibly due to a compensatory angiogenic response. The data suggest that full allogeneicity disrupts placental transcriptomic programs crucial for angiogenesis and immune tolerance, contributing to the high embryonic mortality observed after ET in swine.

胚胎移植（ET）是一种有价值的猪生殖技术，尽管由于胚胎死亡率高，其效率仍明显低于自然交配或人工授精（AI）。胎盘对胚胎存活和妊娠成功至关重要，它通过营养交换、激素产生和免疫调节来支持胚胎发育。因此，胎盘发育和功能的改变可能是ET效率降低的基础。为了研究这种功能障碍的分子机制，杂交（长白×大白）受体母猪在发情（第0天）开始时进行激素同步受精（对照组， = 8），或在发情后第5天手术转移23个胚（异体组， = 8）。在妊娠第18天（附着期）和第24天（早期胎盘），每组4头母猪采集胎盘样本。使用TruSeq搁浅mRNA试剂盒（Illumina）制备文库。测序在NextSeq 550平台上进行（2 ×75 bp对端），reads与Sus scrofa 11.1基因组对齐。差异基因表达分析（FC>2/<-2, P <； 0.05）显示异体胎盘中关键血管生成和免疫调节基因显著下调。在第18天，VEGFA、NOS3、FGF9、HIF1A、STAT1、STAT3、SMAD1、SMAD4、SMAD5和ETS1显著降低，表明血管重构和免疫调节受损。到第24天，SMAD2和其他免疫相关基因仍然失调。相反，ANGPTL2在第24天上调，可能是由于代偿性血管生成反应。数据表明，完全同种异体破坏了胎盘转录组程序，这对血管生成和免疫耐受至关重要，导致了猪ET后观察到的高胚胎死亡率。

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引用次数: 0

Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation: Insights into prostaglandin synthesis and in vitro embryonic development 共轭亚油酸补充：前列腺素合成和体外胚胎发育的见解

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107990

Mariângela Bueno Cordeiro Maldonado , Dayane Colhados Cabrini , Lucas de Oliveira Bezerra , Laura Chuba Machado Rolniche , Valeska de Castro Lourenço , Isabella Rio Feltrin , Karine Galhego Morelli , Adriano Felipe Mendes , Cecilia Constantino Rocha , Alessandra Bridi , Guilherme Pugliesi , Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira , Claudia Maria Bertan Membrive

Modulation of prostaglandin synthesis, specifically, decreasing prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) and increasing prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and interferon-tau (IFNT), can support maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) in cattle. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known to influence prostaglandins (PG) synthesis in cell cultures; however, its effect on in vitro-cultured bovine oocytes and embryos remain unclear. We hypothesized that CLA supplementation in oocytes and embryo culture media would reduce PGF_2α synthesis, increases PGE₂ synthesis and PGE₂:PGF_2α ratio in embryos, modulate the expression of genes involved in PG and IFNT synthesis, and enhance embryo development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different CLA (a mixture of cis- and trans-9,11- and −10,12-octadecadienoic acids) concentrations (50–150 μM) added during in vitro maturation (IVM) and/or in vitro culture (IVC) on in vitro embryo production, PGE₂ and PGF_2α synthesis, and the expression of genes related to PG synthesis (AKR1B1, PTGS2, PTGES) and MPR (IFNT) in embryos. Oocytes and embryos were treated with CLA (50, 100, and 150 μM) during IVM or during both IVM and IVC. PGE₂ and PGF_2α concentrations were quantified by ELISA, and transcript abundance in embryos at the end of IVC was assessed by qPCR. CLA supplementation at all tested concentrations during IVM and/or IVC reduced both PGE₂ and PGF_2α synthesis in embryos, without affecting the PGE₂:PGF_2α ratio, or the relative expression of the evaluated genes. These findings suggest that CLA modulates PG synthesis in bovine embryos and underscore the importance of PG regulation for the successful establishment of MRP.

调节前列腺素的合成，特别是降低前列腺素F2α (PGF2α)，增加前列腺素E2 （PGE2）和干扰素tau (IFNT)，可以支持牛的母体妊娠识别（MRP）。已知共轭亚油酸（CLA）影响细胞培养中前列腺素（PG）的合成；然而，其对体外培养的牛卵母细胞和胚胎的影响尚不清楚。我们假设在卵母细胞和胚胎培养基中添加CLA可以减少PGF2α合成，增加胚胎中PGE2合成和PGE2:PGF2α比值，调节PG和IFNT合成相关基因的表达，促进胚胎发育。本研究旨在评价体外成熟（IVM）和体外培养（IVC）中添加不同浓度（50-150 μM）的CLA（顺式和反式9、11-和- 10、12-十八烯二烯酸混合物）对体外胚胎产生、PGE2和PGF2α合成以及PG合成相关基因（AKR1B1、PTGS2、PTGES）和MPR （IFNT）表达的影响。卵母细胞和胚胎分别在IVM期间或同时在IVM和IVC期间用CLA（50、100和150 μM）处理。ELISA法检测PGE2和PGF2α浓度，qPCR法检测IVC末期胚胎转录物丰度。在IVM和/或IVC期间，添加所有测试浓度的CLA都降低了胚胎中PGE2和PGF2α的合成，但不影响PGE2:PGF2α的比例或评估基因的相对表达。这些结果表明，CLA调节了牛胚胎中PG的合成，并强调了PG调节对MRP成功建立的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Irisin modulates granulosa cell function in chicken ovarian follicles: Effects on viability, gene expression, and progesterone secretion 鸢尾素调节鸡卵泡颗粒细胞功能：对活力、基因表达和黄体酮分泌的影响

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107986

Dorota Katarzyńska-Banasik, Anna Kozubek, Kinga Kowalik-Chanek, Andrzej Sechman

Irisin, a myokine/adipokine released during physical activity, has attracted attention for its regulatory effects on various physiological processes, including metabolism and reproduction. This study was performed to investigate the presence of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in chicken granulosa cells (GCs) using immunocytochemistry and to assess the effect of irisin, the extracellular fragment of FNDC5, on these cells, which play a crucial role in progesterone (P4) production and follicle maturation. We measured cell viability, mRNA expression of the luteinising hormone receptor (LHR), the expression of steroidogenic genes (StAR, CYP11A1, and 3BHSD), and P4 secretion in GCs of chicken ovarian follicles. The results showed that irisin reduced the viability of all cultured GCs at different concentrations (0.5, 2.5, and 5 ng/mL). Real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR demonstrated decreased expression of LHR and 3BHSD at 0.5 ng/mL irisin across GCs from preovulatory follicles of all stages (F3, F2 and F1), and elevated expression of StAR, 3BHSD, and LHR at 5 ng/mL in GCs from F1 follicles. Furthermore, irisin decreased P4 secretion from GCs isolated from F3 and F2 follicles, but increased the release of this hormone from F1 follicles at a 5 ng/mL concentration. These findings suggest that irisin may play a modulatory role in the maturation and ovulation of chicken ovarian follicles by influencing cell proliferation, gene expression, and hormone production depending on the dose and stage of follicle development.

鸢尾素是一种在运动过程中释放的肌肉因子/脂肪因子，因其对代谢和生殖等多种生理过程的调节作用而受到关注。本研究利用免疫细胞化学方法研究了鸡颗粒细胞（GCs）中纤维连接蛋白III型结构域蛋白5 （FNDC5）的存在，并评估了鸢尾素（FNDC5的细胞外片段）对这些细胞的影响，鸢尾素在孕酮（P4）的产生和卵泡成熟中起着至关重要的作用。我们测量了鸡卵泡GCs的细胞活力、促黄体生成素受体（LHR） mRNA表达、类固醇基因（StAR、CYP11A1和3BHSD）表达以及P4分泌。结果表明，鸢尾素在不同浓度（0.5、2.5和5 ng/mL）下均能降低培养的GCs的活力。实时反转录定量PCR结果显示，当鸢尾素浓度为0.5 ng/mL时，来自排卵前卵泡（F3、F2和F1）的GCs中LHR和3BHSD的表达降低，而当鸢尾素浓度为5 ng/mL时，来自F1卵泡的GCs中StAR、3BHSD和LHR的表达升高。此外，鸢尾素降低了从F3和F2卵泡分离的GCs的P4分泌，但在5 ng/mL浓度下增加了F1卵泡的P4释放。上述结果提示，鸢尾素可能通过影响卵泡细胞增殖、基因表达和激素分泌，根据剂量和卵泡发育阶段的不同，在鸡卵泡成熟和排卵中发挥调节作用。

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引用次数: 0

Long-chain fatty acids promote ATP production in post-thaw boar sperm through mitochondrial β-oxidation 长链脂肪酸通过线粒体β氧化促进解冻后猪精子ATP的产生

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107985

Hongyan Zhang , Shanpeng Wang , Qi Wang , Lingjiang Min , Eslam M. Bastaw , Zhendong Zhu

Due to the current limitations of boar semen cryopreservation systems, the effective restoration of sperm quality following thawing remains a significant challenge. This study investigates whether post-thaw boar sperm can uptake exogenous long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and utilize them for ATP generation, thereby sustaining linear motility and enhancing sperm vitality. Boar semen was diluted in extender solutions supplemented with varying concentrations of a lipid mixture (0, 0.01 %, 0.1 %, and 1 % LM). Following cryopreservation and subsequent thawing, key sperm parameters were assessed, including motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP levels, as well as the enzymatic activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1). Compared to the control group, supplementation with 0.1 % LM significantly enhanced post-thaw sperm motility and improved viability and acrosomal integrity (P < 0.05). This concentration also led to increased MMP, elevated ATP levels, as well as enhanced activities of MDH, SDH, and CPT1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, to further verify that post-thaw boar sperm utilize LCFAs to generate ATP through mitochondrial β-oxidation. It was found that adding 100 μM mitochondrial β-oxidation inhibitor etomoxir to the extender, significantly reduced post-thaw boar sperm progressive motility, MMP, ATP levels, and CPT1 activity (P < 0.05), thereby attenuating the beneficial effects of exogenous LCFAs supplementation. These findings suggest that post-thaw boar sperm are capable of assimilating exogenous LFCAs, which subsequently promote mitochondrial β-oxidation, increasing TCA cycle activity and ATP production, therefore improving the quality of post-thaw boar sperm.

由于目前猪精液冷冻保存系统的局限性，解冻后精子质量的有效恢复仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究探讨解冻后的公猪精子是否能吸收外源长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）并利用其生成ATP，从而维持精子的线性运动，增强精子活力。在添加不同浓度的脂质混合物（0、0.01 %、0.1 %和1 % LM）的扩展液中稀释猪精液。在冷冻保存和随后的解冻后，评估精子的关键参数，包括活力、活力、顶体完整性、线粒体膜电位（MMP）和ATP水平，以及苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和肉碱棕榈酰基转移酶-1 （CPT-1）的酶活性。与对照组相比，添加0.1 % LM显著提高了解冻后精子活力，改善了精子活力和顶体完整性（P <； 0.05）。该浓度还导致MMP增加，ATP水平升高，MDH、SDH和CPT1活性增强（P <； 0.05）。此外，为了进一步验证解冻后的猪精子利用LCFAs通过线粒体β氧化产生ATP。结果发现，添加100 μM线粒体β-氧化抑制剂埃托莫西显著降低解冻后猪精子的进行活力、MMP、ATP水平和CPT1活性（P <； 0.05），从而减弱了外源LCFAs补充的有益作用。这些结果表明，解冻后的猪精子能够吸收外源LFCAs，从而促进线粒体β-氧化，增加TCA循环活性和ATP的产生，从而提高解冻后的猪精子的质量。

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引用次数: 0

Molecules regulating sperm adhesion to and release from the oviduct across species: A systematic review 调节精子粘附和释放的分子跨物种：系统综述

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Animal Reproduction Science

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107987

Muloongo C. Sitali , Limbikani Matumba , Madalitso Chelenga

Despite advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), fertilization failure remains a major bottleneck in both clinical and animal reproduction, often due to suboptimal sperm selection and premature capacitation processes. One critical but underutilized biological system in sperm selection is the functional sperm reservoir formed in the oviduct after insemination. In this context, spermatozoa bind to epithelial cells in the isthmic region of the oviduct to maintain viability while acquiring fertilization competence until ovulation signals trigger their release from the functional reservoir. While the role of steroid hormones in the sperm-oviductal epithelial cell interaction has been well elaborated, evidence gathered over the years shows that biomolecular factors play a complementary but equally important role in sperm binding to and release from oviductal cells. This review systematically synthesizes evidence from studies investigating interactive biomolecules influencing sperm binding to and release from oviductal epithelial cells (OEC) using in vitro models. Overall, studies reviewed indicate that sperm binding to and release from the OEC, as well as the fertilizing competency of the released spermatozoa, are influenced by specific carbohydrates, glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, seminal plasma proteins, and endocannabinoids. Tyrosine phosphorylation states of sperm and the effects of cryopreservation and sex-sorting, also play a role in sperm fertilization competence. Since the interaction between sperm and OEC is crucial for successful fertilization in vivo, these biomolecules, and sperm physiological states also represent a promising target for improving IVF outcomes using cryopreserved or fresh and sex-sorted or non-sorted semen in mammalian species.

尽管体外受精（IVF）等辅助生殖技术（ARTs）取得了进步，但受精失败仍然是临床和动物生殖的主要瓶颈，通常是由于精子选择不理想和过早的获能过程。精子选择中一个关键但未充分利用的生物系统是人工授精后在输卵管中形成的功能性精子库。在这种情况下，精子与输卵管峡部的上皮细胞结合以保持活力，同时获得受精能力，直到排卵信号触发它们从功能储存库释放。虽然类固醇激素在精子与输卵管上皮细胞相互作用中的作用已经得到了很好的阐述，但多年来收集的证据表明，生物分子因素在精子与输卵管细胞的结合和释放中起着互补但同样重要的作用。本文系统地综合了利用体外模型研究影响精子与输卵管上皮细胞（OEC）结合和释放的相互作用生物分子的证据。总的来说，研究表明精子与OEC的结合和释放，以及释放的精子的受精能力，受到特定碳水化合物、糖蛋白、糖胺聚糖、精浆蛋白和内源性大麻素的影响。精子的酪氨酸磷酸化状态以及低温保存和性别分类的影响，也对精子的受精能力起作用。由于精子和OEC之间的相互作用对于体内成功受精至关重要，因此这些生物分子和精子生理状态也代表了使用哺乳动物物种的冷冻保存或新鲜、性别分类或未分类精液来改善体外受精结果的有希望的目标。

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引用次数: 0