Amaç: Günümüzde sayıları her geçen gün artan kimyasal maddeler hem hayatımızı kolaylaştırmakta hem de olumsuz sağlık etkilerine neden olabileceği için endişe yaratmaktadır. Kimyasalların olası sağlık risklerini minimize ederek kullanmak için iyi yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Kimyasallara akut maruziyetten ziyade kronik maruziyet daha tehlikeli sonuçlar doğurabilir. Kronik maruziyet mesleki maruziyette de görülmektedir. Sunulan derleme makalesinde akaryakıt istasyonlarında maruz kalınan kimyasallar ve özellikleri, bu kimyasallara mesleki maruziyetin sebep olacağı olası sağlık etkileri ve olumsuz sağlık etkilerini minimize etmek için gerekli önlemlerden bahsedilmiştir. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Akaryakıt istasyonlarında özellikle benzin, motorin ve LPG gibi satış ürünleri bulunmaktadır ve bunlar çeşitli kimyasal maddeler içermektedir. Benzen, toluen, etilbenzen ve ksilen başlıca maruz kalınan maddelerdir. Benzen Uluslararası Kanser Araştırma Ajansı (IARC) tarafından Grup 1 “insan karsinojeni” ve etilbenzen Grup 2B “olası insan karsinojeni” olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Akaryakıtta bulunan bu maddelere başta inhalasyon ve dermal yolla maruziyet söz konusudur. Regülasyonlarla belirlenen limit değerlere uyulduğu ve yapılan işe göre eldiven, maske ve iş kıyafeti gibi koruyucu önlemler alındığında olası sağlık riskleri azaltılabilir. Birçok çalışmada akaryakıt istasyonunda çalışan ve çalışmayan bireyler karşılaştırılarak özellikle korunma önlemi almayan bireylerde maruziyet grubunda ciddi sağlık sorunları gözlenmiştir. Bu nedenle koruyucu önlemlerin sıkı olarak uygulanması ve iş yeri hava ölçümleri yapılarak havadaki kimyasalların limit değerleri aşmadığının denetlenmesi gerekmektedir.
{"title":"AKARYAKIT İSTASYONUNDA ÇALIŞANLARIN KİMYASALLARA MARUZİYETİ","authors":"Kerem ŞENTÜRK, Bensu KARAHALİL","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1347498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1347498","url":null,"abstract":"Amaç: Günümüzde sayıları her geçen gün artan kimyasal maddeler hem hayatımızı kolaylaştırmakta hem de olumsuz sağlık etkilerine neden olabileceği için endişe yaratmaktadır. Kimyasalların olası sağlık risklerini minimize ederek kullanmak için iyi yönetilmesi gerekmektedir. Kimyasallara akut maruziyetten ziyade kronik maruziyet daha tehlikeli sonuçlar doğurabilir. Kronik maruziyet mesleki maruziyette de görülmektedir. Sunulan derleme makalesinde akaryakıt istasyonlarında maruz kalınan kimyasallar ve özellikleri, bu kimyasallara mesleki maruziyetin sebep olacağı olası sağlık etkileri ve olumsuz sağlık etkilerini minimize etmek için gerekli önlemlerden bahsedilmiştir. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Akaryakıt istasyonlarında özellikle benzin, motorin ve LPG gibi satış ürünleri bulunmaktadır ve bunlar çeşitli kimyasal maddeler içermektedir. Benzen, toluen, etilbenzen ve ksilen başlıca maruz kalınan maddelerdir. Benzen Uluslararası Kanser Araştırma Ajansı (IARC) tarafından Grup 1 “insan karsinojeni” ve etilbenzen Grup 2B “olası insan karsinojeni” olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Akaryakıtta bulunan bu maddelere başta inhalasyon ve dermal yolla maruziyet söz konusudur. Regülasyonlarla belirlenen limit değerlere uyulduğu ve yapılan işe göre eldiven, maske ve iş kıyafeti gibi koruyucu önlemler alındığında olası sağlık riskleri azaltılabilir. Birçok çalışmada akaryakıt istasyonunda çalışan ve çalışmayan bireyler karşılaştırılarak özellikle korunma önlemi almayan bireylerde maruziyet grubunda ciddi sağlık sorunları gözlenmiştir. Bu nedenle koruyucu önlemlerin sıkı olarak uygulanması ve iş yeri hava ölçümleri yapılarak havadaki kimyasalların limit değerleri aşmadığının denetlenmesi gerekmektedir.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ege ARZUK, Gökay ALBAYRAK, Ali ERGÜÇ, Ecrin ATIŞ, İclal TAN, Şüra BAYKAN
Objective: This study aims to investigate the anticancer potential of Prangos Heyniae H. Duman & M. F. Watson root extracts against human hepatoma cells, and examine the molecular mechanisms potentially involved in extract-induced cytotoxicity. Material and Method: HepG2 cells were treated with chloroform, n-hexane, or methanol extracts from roots of P. heyniae to investigate the possible effects on cell viability. Following the determination of IC50 values by the MTT test, n-hexane, and methanol extracts were excluded because of their selectivity indices. The chemical characterization of chloroform extract was performed by HPLC to understand the chemical composition-bioactivity relationship. Alterations induced by chloroform extract on mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3 activation were further investigated. In addition, cell viability was measured in the presence of different selective inhibitors of pathways to define the type of cell death pathway contributing to cytotoxicity. Result and Discussion: Chloroform extract but not n-hexane or methanol extracts led to strong and selective inhibition of cell viability on HepG2 cells. In addition, cytotoxicity increased by chloroform extract was only restored in the presence of a pan-caspase apoptosis inhibitor. Also, treatment of HepG2 cells with chloroform extract impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and led to significant caspase-3 activation. Oxypeucedanin, isoimperatorin, and osthole were detected as the major components of the chloroform extract. These results represent that apoptosis may be involved in the anticancer effect of coumarin and furanocoumarin derivatives in chloroform extract.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF CYTOTOXIC AND APOPTOTIC EFFECTS OF PRANGOS HEYNIAE H. DUMAN & M. F. WATSON EXTRACTS ON HEPG2 CELLS","authors":"Ege ARZUK, Gökay ALBAYRAK, Ali ERGÜÇ, Ecrin ATIŞ, İclal TAN, Şüra BAYKAN","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1336857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1336857","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aims to investigate the anticancer potential of Prangos Heyniae H. Duman & M. F. Watson root extracts against human hepatoma cells, and examine the molecular mechanisms potentially involved in extract-induced cytotoxicity. Material and Method: HepG2 cells were treated with chloroform, n-hexane, or methanol extracts from roots of P. heyniae to investigate the possible effects on cell viability. Following the determination of IC50 values by the MTT test, n-hexane, and methanol extracts were excluded because of their selectivity indices. The chemical characterization of chloroform extract was performed by HPLC to understand the chemical composition-bioactivity relationship. Alterations induced by chloroform extract on mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3 activation were further investigated. In addition, cell viability was measured in the presence of different selective inhibitors of pathways to define the type of cell death pathway contributing to cytotoxicity. Result and Discussion: Chloroform extract but not n-hexane or methanol extracts led to strong and selective inhibition of cell viability on HepG2 cells. In addition, cytotoxicity increased by chloroform extract was only restored in the presence of a pan-caspase apoptosis inhibitor. Also, treatment of HepG2 cells with chloroform extract impaired mitochondrial membrane potential and led to significant caspase-3 activation. Oxypeucedanin, isoimperatorin, and osthole were detected as the major components of the chloroform extract. These results represent that apoptosis may be involved in the anticancer effect of coumarin and furanocoumarin derivatives in chloroform extract.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135884136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fazilet GÜRER, Serdar DEMİR, Şüra BAYKAN, Canan KARAALP
Objective: This study aimed to isolate secondary metabolites from the aerial parts of endemic Centaurea aphrodisea Boiss. using several chromatographic methods and elucidate the structure of the compounds by using spectroscopic methods. Material and Method: Aerial parts of the endemic C. aphrodisea were collected from Bozdağ (Ödemiş, İzmir) and n-hexane, chloroform and metanol extracts were prepared. The chloroform extract was investigated by using various chromatographic methods, and the structures of the isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods (1D-2D NMR and LC-MS). Result and Discussion: One elemane type sesquiterpene (methyl 8α,6α,15-trihydroxyelema-1,3,11(13)-trien-12-oate) and four flavone derivatives (cirsimaritin, 3'-O-methyl eupatorin, eupatorin and salvigenin) were isolated and identified. In addition, the presence of a phenylpropanoid glycoside (syringin) was determined in a fraction by comparison with a referance compound using TLC technique. These compounds are reported for the first time from C. aphrodisea with this study.
{"title":"SECONDARY METABOLITES OF ENDEMIC CENTAUREA APHRODISEA BOISS.","authors":"Fazilet GÜRER, Serdar DEMİR, Şüra BAYKAN, Canan KARAALP","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1330413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1330413","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to isolate secondary metabolites from the aerial parts of endemic Centaurea aphrodisea Boiss. using several chromatographic methods and elucidate the structure of the compounds by using spectroscopic methods. Material and Method: Aerial parts of the endemic C. aphrodisea were collected from Bozdağ (Ödemiş, İzmir) and n-hexane, chloroform and metanol extracts were prepared. The chloroform extract was investigated by using various chromatographic methods, and the structures of the isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic methods (1D-2D NMR and LC-MS). Result and Discussion: One elemane type sesquiterpene (methyl 8α,6α,15-trihydroxyelema-1,3,11(13)-trien-12-oate) and four flavone derivatives (cirsimaritin, 3'-O-methyl eupatorin, eupatorin and salvigenin) were isolated and identified. In addition, the presence of a phenylpropanoid glycoside (syringin) was determined in a fraction by comparison with a referance compound using TLC technique. These compounds are reported for the first time from C. aphrodisea with this study.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136012515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaç: Meme kanseri dünya genelinde kadınlarda en sık gözlenen kanser türü olup, erken teşhis ve etkili tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için sürekli araştırmaların yapılmasını gerektiren kritik bir sağlık sorunudur. Geleneksel kemoterapi uygulamalarındaki spesifik olmayan hedefleme, sistemik toksisite, ilaç direnci, kısıtlı ilaç penetrasyonu gibi sınırlamaların aşılmasında yenilikçi tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. İlaç taşıyıcı sistemler olarak enjektabl hidrojeller biyoparçalanır, biyouyumlu, tasarıma yönelik ayarlanabilir fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin yanı sıra etkin maddenin yüksek verimlilikte yüklenmesini ve salımını sağlayabilmesi dolayısıyla lokal kanser tedavilerinde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Enjektabl biyoparçalanır hidrojeller özellikle cerrahi sonrası tedavi sürecinde tümör nüksünü ve metastazını önlemede kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu derlemede enjektabl hidrojellerin yapıları, türleri, kanser tedavilerine ilişkin uygulamaları ve antikanser tedavi etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bu derlemede farmasötik ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler olarak enjektabl hidrojel yapıları, meme kanseri tedavilerine ilişkin uygulamaları ve meme kanserine yönelik antikanser tedavi etkinlikleri ele alınmıştır.
{"title":"LOKALİZE MEME KANSERİ TEDAVİLERİNDE EFEKTİF İLAÇ TAŞIYICI SİSTEMLER: ENJEKTABL HİDROJELLER","authors":"Süheyl Furkan KONCA, Umut Can ÖZ, Asuman BOZKIR","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1348607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1348607","url":null,"abstract":"Amaç: Meme kanseri dünya genelinde kadınlarda en sık gözlenen kanser türü olup, erken teşhis ve etkili tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için sürekli araştırmaların yapılmasını gerektiren kritik bir sağlık sorunudur. Geleneksel kemoterapi uygulamalarındaki spesifik olmayan hedefleme, sistemik toksisite, ilaç direnci, kısıtlı ilaç penetrasyonu gibi sınırlamaların aşılmasında yenilikçi tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. İlaç taşıyıcı sistemler olarak enjektabl hidrojeller biyoparçalanır, biyouyumlu, tasarıma yönelik ayarlanabilir fizikokimyasal özelliklerinin yanı sıra etkin maddenin yüksek verimlilikte yüklenmesini ve salımını sağlayabilmesi dolayısıyla lokal kanser tedavilerinde ön plana çıkmaktadır. Enjektabl biyoparçalanır hidrojeller özellikle cerrahi sonrası tedavi sürecinde tümör nüksünü ve metastazını önlemede kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu derlemede enjektabl hidrojellerin yapıları, türleri, kanser tedavilerine ilişkin uygulamaları ve antikanser tedavi etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç ve Tartışma: Bu derlemede farmasötik ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler olarak enjektabl hidrojel yapıları, meme kanseri tedavilerine ilişkin uygulamaları ve meme kanserine yönelik antikanser tedavi etkinlikleri ele alınmıştır.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135970085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The present study aimed to develop a multivariate interpolation based on the quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) that can accurately predict the oral median lethal dose (LD50) values of drugs in mice by considering five different toxicologic endpoints. Material and Method: A mathematical model was created using a comprehensive dataset comprising LD50 values from 319 pharmaceuticals belonging to various pharmacological classes. We developed a polynomial model that can predict the range of LD50 values for pharmaceuticals. We employed a technique called two-variable polynomial interpolation. This method allowed us to estimate the approximate values of a function at any point within a two-dimensional (2D) space by utilizing a polynomial equation. Result and Discussion: The resulting model demonstrated the ability to predict LD50 values for new or untested drugs, rendering it a valuable tool in the early stages of drug development. The Ghose-Crippen-Viswanadhan octanol-water partition coefficient (ALogP) and Molecular Weight (MW) were selected as suitable descriptors for building the best QSAR model. Based on our evaluation, the model achieved an overall success rate of 86.73%. Compared to traditional experimental methods for LD50 determination, this innovative approach offers time and cost efficiency while reducing animal testing requirements. Our model can improve drug safety, optimize dosage regimens, and assist decision-making processes during preclinical studies and drug development. This approach provided a reliable and efficient method for preliminary acute toxicity assessments.
{"title":"A MULTIVARIATE INTERPOLATION APPROACH FOR PREDICTING DRUG LD50 VALUE","authors":"Gül KARADUMAN, Feyza KELLECİ ÇELİK","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1322948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1322948","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aimed to develop a multivariate interpolation based on the quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) that can accurately predict the oral median lethal dose (LD50) values of drugs in mice by considering five different toxicologic endpoints. Material and Method: A mathematical model was created using a comprehensive dataset comprising LD50 values from 319 pharmaceuticals belonging to various pharmacological classes. We developed a polynomial model that can predict the range of LD50 values for pharmaceuticals. We employed a technique called two-variable polynomial interpolation. This method allowed us to estimate the approximate values of a function at any point within a two-dimensional (2D) space by utilizing a polynomial equation. Result and Discussion: The resulting model demonstrated the ability to predict LD50 values for new or untested drugs, rendering it a valuable tool in the early stages of drug development. The Ghose-Crippen-Viswanadhan octanol-water partition coefficient (ALogP) and Molecular Weight (MW) were selected as suitable descriptors for building the best QSAR model. Based on our evaluation, the model achieved an overall success rate of 86.73%. Compared to traditional experimental methods for LD50 determination, this innovative approach offers time and cost efficiency while reducing animal testing requirements. Our model can improve drug safety, optimize dosage regimens, and assist decision-making processes during preclinical studies and drug development. This approach provided a reliable and efficient method for preliminary acute toxicity assessments.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Alyssum pateri Nyár. subsp. pateri is an endemic plant known as "kanatlı kevke" in Türkiye. The plant is perennial and in semi-shrub form. The plant is traditionally used externally in the treatment of rheumatism in Bingöl (Türkiye). Microscopic analysis of the anatomical structures of plants can provide useful information for taxonomic classification. Light microscopy analysis is a widely used and effective method for the identification of medicinal plants. In this study, the anatomical features of the A. pateri subsp. pateri were examined. Material and Method: The plant material was collected from Ankara (Türkiye). The samples were protected in 70% alcohol. The cross and surface sections were cut by hand with a razor blade into microscopic preparation form. A Leica DM 4000B microscope was used for anatomical analysis and micro photographs. Result and Discussion: The anatomical characters of the leaf, petiole and stem of the Alyssum pateri subsp. pateri were revealed. The leaf is dorsiventral and contains 1-2 rows of palisade parenchyma. Cruciferous stomata and stellate hairs are located on the lower epidermis. The petiole cross-section is sulcate and stellate hairs are observed in the epidermal layer. The main vein is arc-shaped and is accompanied by lateral veins. The stem is disc-shaped. Stem epidermis contains stellate hairs. The interfascicular tissue between the xylem strands of the vascular bundles is composed lignified cells. Vascular bundles are surrounded by a pericyclic sclerenchymatous cap.
{"title":"ANATOMY OF THE ENDEMIC ALYSSUM PATERI SUBSP. PATERI","authors":"Şeyda Yayla, M. Hürkul","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1340128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1340128","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Alyssum pateri Nyár. subsp. pateri is an endemic plant known as \"kanatlı kevke\" in Türkiye. The plant is perennial and in semi-shrub form. The plant is traditionally used externally in the treatment of rheumatism in Bingöl (Türkiye). Microscopic analysis of the anatomical structures of plants can provide useful information for taxonomic classification. Light microscopy analysis is a widely used and effective method for the identification of medicinal plants. In this study, the anatomical features of the A. pateri subsp. pateri were examined.\u0000Material and Method: The plant material was collected from Ankara (Türkiye). The samples were protected in 70% alcohol. The cross and surface sections were cut by hand with a razor blade into microscopic preparation form. A Leica DM 4000B microscope was used for anatomical analysis and micro photographs.\u0000Result and Discussion: The anatomical characters of the leaf, petiole and stem of the Alyssum pateri subsp. pateri were revealed. The leaf is dorsiventral and contains 1-2 rows of palisade parenchyma. Cruciferous stomata and stellate hairs are located on the lower epidermis. The petiole cross-section is sulcate and stellate hairs are observed in the epidermal layer. The main vein is arc-shaped and is accompanied by lateral veins. The stem is disc-shaped. Stem epidermis contains stellate hairs. The interfascicular tissue between the xylem strands of the vascular bundles is composed lignified cells. Vascular bundles are surrounded by a pericyclic sclerenchymatous cap.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The Asyneuma Griseb. & Schenk is represented by 34 accepted species worldwide and its native range covers a wide area from East Central Europe to Japan and Northern Indo-china. The plants of Asyneuma are characterized by herbaceous, simple or branched inflorescences, purple, violet or blue corolla and capsule fruits. Studies show that the Campanulaceae family contains bioactive compounds phenylethanoid (phenylproponoid), alkaloids, cyanogenetic heteroside, flavonoid, triterpene, anthocyanin, phenolic acid, essential oil, coumarin and polysaccharide. In addition, it is known that plants in the family have antioxidant, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiobesity, expectorant antihepatotoxic, antitumoral, antiatherosclerotic, neuroprotective, antidepressant, tonic and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. In this study, the anatomical structures of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium, A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Damboldt, A. linifolium subsp. linifolium and A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum Kit Tan & Yıldız leaves were examined. Material and Method: Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium, A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Damboldt, A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum Kit Tan & Yıldız were collected from Ankara. A. linifolium subsp. linifolium was collected from Antalya. Plant parts preserved in alcohol (70%). Microscopic sections were taken using a razor blade. Tissues were stained with Sartur's reagent and examined with a light microscope. Microphotographs were taken with a camera attached to a light microscope. Result and Discussion: The results showed that, the anatomical structures of the basal and cauline leaves of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium and A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae were similar. The leaves are bifacial and the palisade parenchyma 1-2 rows. In addition, the unicellular, non-glandular hairs and anomocytic stomata were observed on both epidermal surfaces. Besides, the leaf of A. linifolium subsp. linifolium is monofacial while that of A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum is bifacial. Also, unicellular hairs were present on epidermal layer of A. linifolium subsp. linifolium while A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum were not. The anomocytic stomata were determined on the upper and lower leaf surfaces of both subspecies.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE LEAF ANATOMY OF SOME ASYNEUMA GRISEB. & SCHENK TAXA","authors":"Şeyda Yayla, M. Hürkul","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1344300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1344300","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The Asyneuma Griseb. & Schenk is represented by 34 accepted species worldwide and its native range covers a wide area from East Central Europe to Japan and Northern Indo-china. The plants of Asyneuma are characterized by herbaceous, simple or branched inflorescences, purple, violet or blue corolla and capsule fruits. Studies show that the Campanulaceae family contains bioactive compounds phenylethanoid (phenylproponoid), alkaloids, cyanogenetic heteroside, flavonoid, triterpene, anthocyanin, phenolic acid, essential oil, coumarin and polysaccharide. In addition, it is known that plants in the family have antioxidant, wound healing, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiobesity, expectorant antihepatotoxic, antitumoral, antiatherosclerotic, neuroprotective, antidepressant, tonic and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. In this study, the anatomical structures of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium, A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Damboldt, A. linifolium subsp. linifolium and A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum Kit Tan & Yıldız leaves were examined.\u0000Material and Method: Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium, A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Damboldt, A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum Kit Tan & Yıldız were collected from Ankara. A. linifolium subsp. linifolium was collected from Antalya. Plant parts preserved in alcohol (70%). Microscopic sections were taken using a razor blade. Tissues were stained with Sartur's reagent and examined with a light microscope. Microphotographs were taken with a camera attached to a light microscope.\u0000Result and Discussion: The results showed that, the anatomical structures of the basal and cauline leaves of Asyneuma limonifolium subsp. limonifolium and A. limonifolium subsp. pestalozzae were similar. The leaves are bifacial and the palisade parenchyma 1-2 rows. In addition, the unicellular, non-glandular hairs and anomocytic stomata were observed on both epidermal surfaces. Besides, the leaf of A. linifolium subsp. linifolium is monofacial while that of A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum is bifacial. Also, unicellular hairs were present on epidermal layer of A. linifolium subsp. linifolium while A. linifolium subsp. nallihanicum were not. The anomocytic stomata were determined on the upper and lower leaf surfaces of both subspecies.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43522375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Oz, Suna Sibel Rizvanoğlu, Emrah Şefik Abamor, Göhkan Cengi̇z, Hale Berber, Serap Derman, Müjde Eryilmaz, Asuman Bozkir
Objective: The aim of this study is the development of Amphotericin B loaded polymeric nanoparticles and the determination of the potency of Amphotericin B nanoformulation samples and commercially supplied Amphotericin B samples in comparison with reference Amphotericin B standard, according to the protocol detailed in the United States Pharmacopoeia. Material and Method: Amphotericin B nanoparticles were fabricated using single emulsion method. The comparison of the potencies of the AmB nanoformulation and commercial Amphotericin B with the antimicrobial potency of the reference Amphotericin B standard was performed using the disk diffusion method specified in the United States Pharmacopeia. Result and Discussion: Amphotericin B loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) nanoparticles successfully developed having the average hydrodynamic diameter of 215.14±0.72 nm and PDI value of 0.18±0.02. The Amphotericin B encapsulation efficiency, which was determined using an HPLC method, was 66.4±1.42%. The % potency of commercial Amphotericin B was calculated as 95.7%, while the % potency of the nanoformulation of Amphotericin B was calculated as 99.1%, indicating the favor of utilizing polymeric nanoparticles as delivery systems.
目的:本研究的目的是开发两性霉素B负载聚合物纳米颗粒，并测定两性霉素B纳米配方样品和市售两性霉素B样品与参考两性霉素B标准的效价，根据美国药典详细的方案。材料与方法:采用单乳法制备两性霉素B纳米颗粒。采用美国药典规定的圆盘扩散法对AmB纳米制剂和市售两性霉素B与两性霉素B标准品的抑菌效力进行比较。结果与讨论:成功制备了载两性霉素B -聚乙二醇- B -聚己内酯纳米粒子，其平均水动力直径为215.14±0.72 nm, PDI值为0.18±0.02。高效液相色谱法测定两性霉素B包封率为66.4±1.42%。经计算，商用两性霉素B的效价为95.7%，而纳米两性霉素B的效价为99.1%，表明使用聚合物纳米颗粒作为递送系统是有利的。
{"title":"AMFOTERİSİN-B ENKAPSÜLE EDİLMİŞ NANOPARTİKÜLLERİN ANTİMİKROBİYAL POTENSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ İÇİN FARMAKOPE YÖNTEMİNİN UYGULANMASI","authors":"U. Oz, Suna Sibel Rizvanoğlu, Emrah Şefik Abamor, Göhkan Cengi̇z, Hale Berber, Serap Derman, Müjde Eryilmaz, Asuman Bozkir","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1352203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1352203","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study is the development of Amphotericin B loaded polymeric nanoparticles and the determination of the potency of Amphotericin B nanoformulation samples and commercially supplied Amphotericin B samples in comparison with reference Amphotericin B standard, according to the protocol detailed in the United States Pharmacopoeia.\u0000Material and Method: Amphotericin B nanoparticles were fabricated using single emulsion method. The comparison of the potencies of the AmB nanoformulation and commercial Amphotericin B with the antimicrobial potency of the reference Amphotericin B standard was performed using the disk diffusion method specified in the United States Pharmacopeia.\u0000Result and Discussion: Amphotericin B loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ɛ-caprolactone) nanoparticles successfully developed having the average hydrodynamic diameter of 215.14±0.72 nm and PDI value of 0.18±0.02. The Amphotericin B encapsulation efficiency, which was determined using an HPLC method, was 66.4±1.42%. The % potency of commercial Amphotericin B was calculated as 95.7%, while the % potency of the nanoformulation of Amphotericin B was calculated as 99.1%, indicating the favor of utilizing polymeric nanoparticles as delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41322312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: In this study, topically applied in situ gel formulations were aimed to design for the modulation of burns, with the active ingredient lidocaine and the gel gained from the Aloe vera plant. The prepared in situ gels were in the liquid form at the room temperature and gelled at the body temperature and adhered to the wound surface, resulting in higher drug residence time. By improving the characteristic properties of the in situ gels, it is aimed to improve patient compliance by obtaining higher local lidocaine concentration. Material and Method: In situ gel formulations separated by giving different gel codes were examined with characteristic analyses. Within the scope of these examinations, measurement of gelation temperature, pH measurement, in vitro lidocaine release, viscosity and rheological properties and the texture profile of the formulations were determined. Result and Discussion: Poloxamer 407 based in situ gels designed for topical treatment containing Aloe vera gel and lidocaine have been shown to increase skin residence time. Among the formulations prepared with different content ratios of the polymers Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, HPMC and CMC, the gels coded F5 and A21 showed acceptable gelation temperature for topical use and sustained lidocaine release for 24 hours. According to these findings, it can be revealed that Poloxamer 407-HPMC based in situ gel formulation may be an effective alternative for topical burn treatment.
{"title":"YANIK TEDAVİSİNDE KULLANILMAK ÜZERE LİDOKAİN İÇEREN ALOE VERA JEL FORMÜLASYONUNUN HAZIRLANMASI VE İN VİTRO KARAKTERİZASYONU","authors":"Umay Merve Güven, Tilbe Çevikelli, Sanem Songüloğlu, Serpil DEMİRCİ KAYIRAN","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1319262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1319262","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, topically applied in situ gel formulations were aimed to design for the modulation of burns, with the active ingredient lidocaine and the gel gained from the Aloe vera plant. The prepared in situ gels were in the liquid form at the room temperature and gelled at the body temperature and adhered to the wound surface, resulting in higher drug residence time. By improving the characteristic properties of the in situ gels, it is aimed to improve patient compliance by obtaining higher local lidocaine concentration.\u0000Material and Method: In situ gel formulations separated by giving different gel codes were examined with characteristic analyses. Within the scope of these examinations, measurement of gelation temperature, pH measurement, in vitro lidocaine release, viscosity and rheological properties and the texture profile of the formulations were determined. \u0000Result and Discussion: Poloxamer 407 based in situ gels designed for topical treatment containing Aloe vera gel and lidocaine have been shown to increase skin residence time. Among the formulations prepared with different content ratios of the polymers Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, HPMC and CMC, the gels coded F5 and A21 showed acceptable gelation temperature for topical use and sustained lidocaine release for 24 hours. According to these findings, it can be revealed that Poloxamer 407-HPMC based in situ gel formulation may be an effective alternative for topical burn treatment.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48785305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The aim of the work was to develop effective methods for the synthesis of promising heterocyclic systems based on pyrrole and 1,2,4-triazole. In the process of realizing of this aim, 10 new S-alkyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(pyrrole-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives were synthesized. Material and Method: Chemical structures of synthesized compounds were characterized with elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, LC-MS techniques. The biological potential of the synthesized substances was estimated by the molecular docking method and ADME analysis. Result and Discussion: An optimum method for the synthesis of S-alkyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(pyrrole-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol has been developed. In molecular modeling studies, the compounds were found to be similar to known drugs in some respects. The interaction of each molecule with the crystal structures of cyclooxygenase-2, lanosterol-14α-demethylase in the active site was considered in silico. Pharmacokinetic parameters for a number of the synthesized compounds have been predicted by ADME analysis.
{"title":"S-ALKİL 4-(4-KLOROFENİL)-5-(PİROL-2-İL)-1,2,4-TRİAZOL-3-TİYOL TÜREVLERİNİN SENTEZİ VE ÖZELLİKLERİ","authors":"Andrey Gotsulya, Serhii Fedotov, Olena Zinych, Tetiana Trofimova, Tetiana Brytanova","doi":"10.33483/jfpau.1280492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33483/jfpau.1280492","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the work was to develop effective methods for the synthesis of promising heterocyclic systems based on pyrrole and 1,2,4-triazole. In the process of realizing of this aim, 10 new S-alkyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(pyrrole-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives were synthesized. \u0000Material and Method: Chemical structures of synthesized compounds were characterized with elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, LC-MS techniques. The biological potential of the synthesized substances was estimated by the molecular docking method and ADME analysis.\u0000Result and Discussion: An optimum method for the synthesis of S-alkyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(pyrrole-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol has been developed. In molecular modeling studies, the compounds were found to be similar to known drugs in some respects. The interaction of each molecule with the crystal structures of cyclooxygenase-2, lanosterol-14α-demethylase in the active site was considered in silico. Pharmacokinetic parameters for a number of the synthesized compounds have been predicted by ADME analysis.","PeriodicalId":7891,"journal":{"name":"Ankara Universitesi Eczacilik Fakultesi Dergisi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44330367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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