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Evaluation of Reproductive Performance and Disorders in Holstein-Friesian and its Crossbreds with Montbeliarde under Egyptian Conditions 荷尔斯泰因-弗里西亚及其与蒙特比亚德杂交品种在埃及条件下的繁殖性能和障碍评价
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.93260
Mostafa Bakly, I. Mostafa, H. Mahboub
The objective of this study was to assess the reproductive performance and disorders of pure Holstein-Friesian (HO) and Montbeliarde (MO) crossbred cows in a commercial dairy herd under Egyptian conditions. Analysis was done for age at first calving (AFC), number of services per conception (NSPC), days open (DOPN), gestation period (GP), and calving interval (CI). The results revealed that the AFC, NSPC, DOPN, and CI of crossbred cows (MO×HO) were significantly lower than those of pure HO cows. GP was numerically shorter in HO cows than in MO × HO crossbred cows. In both breeds, the NSPC was significantly lower in the winter than it was in the summer. During the summer season, pure HO cows had the longest DOPN. However, the shortest DOPN was recorded in MO × HO crossbred cows in the winter season. A significant difference between calving seasons was found with regard to the calving interval. MO × HO crossbred cows had a higher percentage of affected cows with retained placenta, endometritis, and repeat breeding than pure HO breeds. It was concluded that MO×HO crossbred cows had higher fertility than pure HO cows. Additionally, MO×HO crossbred cows were minimally affected during different seasons under Egyptian conditions. However, pure HO cows likely performed better than MO×HO crossbred cows in terms of reproductive disorders.
本研究的目的是评估在埃及条件下商业奶牛群中纯荷斯泰因-弗里西亚(HO)和蒙贝利亚德(MO)杂交奶牛的繁殖性能和障碍。分析了首次产犊年龄(AFC)、每胎胎数(NSPC)、开胎天数(DOPN)、妊娠期(GP)和产犊间隔(CI)。结果表明,杂交奶牛(MO×HO)的AFC、NSPC、DOPN和CI显著低于纯HO奶牛。HO奶牛的GP在数量上比MO × HO杂交奶牛短。两个品种的NSPC在冬季均显著低于夏季。在夏季,纯HO奶牛的DOPN最长。而MO × HO杂交奶牛的DOPN在冬季最短。产犊季节之间的产犊间隔有显著差异。与纯HO品种相比,MO × HO杂交奶牛出现胎盘残留、子宫内膜炎和重复繁殖的比例更高。由此可见,MO×HO杂交奶牛的育性高于纯HO奶牛。此外,MO×HO杂交奶牛在埃及不同季节受到的影响最小。然而,在生殖障碍方面,纯HO奶牛可能比MO×HO杂交奶牛表现更好。
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引用次数: 0
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of vibrio species isolated from cultured marine Dicentrarchus labrax 海洋双颌弧菌的表型和分子特性研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.122126
Nelly Mamdouh, S. Khalil, Mahmoud Naggar, Fadel A
Vibrio species are the most common and serious pathogens in fish and shellfish marine aquaculture worldwide with high mortalities and morbidity, lead to great economic loss. Among all V. species infecting V.parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus taken the first place.The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Vibrio species in seabass in addition detection of certain virulence genes. A total of 220 seabass seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) had haemorrhage, erosion and ulcers in the skin ,gills,fin base and tail and were purchased from fish markets at from Alexandria, Behaira, lake Qarun and subjected to phenotypic bacteriological examination. revealed that the prevalence of 4 vibrio isolates was 1.8% (4/220) including two isolates of V. alginolyticus (one from liver and other from spleen) and two isolates of V. parahaemolyticus (one from liver and other from kidney). Molecular identification based on use of 16srRNA gene sequence confirmed 4 strains as vibrio species. Proving its pathogenicity through using primers for the virulence genes (trh, tlh, recA and categorized 2 isolates belong to vibrio alginolyticus (one with trh) and 2 isolates belong to vibrio parahaemolyticus (one with recA and tlh, the other with trh). The 4 strains of V. parahaemolyticus and V. alginolyticus were multi drug resistant (MDR),resist more than 3classes of antibiotics, which pose potential health hazards to consumers
弧菌是世界范围内鱼类和贝类水产养殖中最常见和最严重的病原体,具有很高的致死率和发病率,造成巨大的经济损失。在所有病原菌中,以副溶血性弧菌和溶藻弧菌感染最多。本研究旨在确定弧菌种类在海鲈中的流行程度,并检测某些毒力基因。共有220头海鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)在皮肤、鳃、鳍底和尾部有出血、侵蚀和溃疡,从亚历山大、Behaira、Qarun湖的鱼市购买,并进行了表型细菌学检查。结果显示,4株弧菌的感染率为1.8%(4/220),其中溶藻弧菌2株(肝脏和脾脏各1株),副溶血性弧菌2株(肝脏和肾脏各1株)。基于16srRNA基因序列的分子鉴定证实4株菌株为弧菌属。通过对毒力基因(trh、tlh、recA)的引物验证其致病性,并分类出2株属溶藻弧菌(1株属trh)和2株属副溶血性弧菌(1株属recA和tlh, 1株属trh)。4株副溶血性弧菌和溶藻弧菌均为多药耐药(MDR),对3类以上抗生素具有耐药性,对消费者健康构成潜在危害
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引用次数: 0
Surgical Studies on Disorders of Eyes, Mouth and Nose in domestic dogs: A Retrospective Clinical Study 家犬眼、口、鼻疾病的外科研究:回顾性临床研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.89028
Asmaa Shabaan, S. Nouh, M. Kammar, H. Ahmed
This study was aimed to describe the most frequently recorded disorders in dogs in Alexandria Government and provides a prevalence baseline against which to measure progress in canine health. The surgical conditions affecting the eyes, mouth and nose and its surrounding structures are numerous. These conditions affect adversely the general health condition of the animal as it is causing disruption of the important biological processes in the body. In the present study, a total number of 422 pet animals suffering from different surgical conditions were recorded. The surgical conditions of the eye and its surrounding structures represented about 25.11% of the encountered surgical conditions along this study with maximum incidence of diseases of nictating membrane. Meanwhile, the surgical conditions of the mouth and their surrounding structures were recorded in 14.21% of the encountered surgical conditions. The surgical conditions of the nose represent 0.47 %. The results of the present study revealed that the surgical conditions affecting the eyes and its related structures were recorded in 106 cases. These conditions include eyelid laceration and trauma (17 cases), eye lid abscess (1 case), eye lid neoplasia (2 cases), entropion (10 cases), neonatal defect in eyelid opening (5 cases), eye proptosis (2 cases), eye infection (1 case) and diseases of nictating membrane (68 cases). The mouth and nose disorders include dental tartar (13 cases), periodontal diseases (3 cases), persisting deciduous teeth and polydontium (3 cases), neoplastic lesion (3 cases), foreign body in mouth (22 cases), lip wound (16 cases), and epistaxis (2 cases). Most of the surgical disorders of the mouth and related structures affected the animal health and usually associated with difficult mastication. These disorders usually required immediate surgical interferences. German Shepherd, Rottweiler and Pit bull recorded highest incidence of disorders with maximum cases in young age group up to 2 years 104 cases (24.63%) of age. Sex wise incidence was higher in male 101 cases (23.91%) dogs.
这项研究的目的是描述在亚历山大政府中最常见的狗的疾病记录,并提供一个流行基线,以衡量犬的健康进展。影响眼、口、鼻及其周围结构的手术条件很多。这些情况会对动物的总体健康状况产生不利影响,因为它会导致体内重要生物过程的中断。在本研究中,共记录了422只宠物动物遭受不同的手术条件。眼及其周围结构的手术情况约占本研究中遇到的手术情况的25.11%,其中nicha膜疾病的发病率最高。同时,14.21%的手术情况记录了口腔及其周围结构的手术情况。鼻部手术条件占0.47%。本研究记录了106例影响眼及其相关结构的手术情况。其中眼睑撕裂伤(17例)、眼睑脓肿(1例)、眼睑瘤变(2例)、睑内翻(10例)、新生儿眼睑缺损(5例)、眼球突出(2例)、眼部感染(1例)、眼球膜病变(68例)。口腔及鼻疾患包括牙垢(13例)、牙周病(3例)、乳牙及多牙瘤(3例)、肿瘤病变(3例)、口腔异物(22例)、唇伤(16例)、鼻出血(2例)。口腔及相关结构的外科疾病大多影响动物的健康,通常与咀嚼困难有关。这些疾病通常需要立即手术干预。德国牧羊犬、罗威纳犬和比特犬的发病率最高,在2岁以下的年轻年龄组中发病率最高,104例(24.63%)。男性101例(23.91%)发病率较高。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Postpartum Anestrus in Dairy Cows of Sylhet District, Bangladesh 孟加拉国Sylhet地区奶牛产后停发的患病率及相关危险因素
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.48060
Amitush Dutta, M. Rahman, Amalendu Ghosh, T. Hasan, A. Uddin
The objectives of current study were to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with postpartum anestrus in lactating dairy cows in Sylhet region, Bangladesh. A total of 420 postpartum cows of different breed and age were selected randomly from different dairy farms in studied area. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from farm owner on prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anestrus. Observed heat within 60 days after parturition was considered as normal cyclic cows and others were considered as postpartum anestrus. The prevalence of postpartum anestrus was 36.20%. The study shows that older cows take relatively more time for ovarian resumption. Cow’s having first parity shows cyclicity within 60 days of parturition, and postpartum anestrus increases significantly with the advancement of parity. Postpartum anestrus was significantly higher (P< 0.001) in cows with poor (≤1.0) and excessive (>3) body condition scores (BCS), respectively, compared to those with moderate/optimal BCS (2–3). The postpartum cyclicity in cows within 60 days with a history of normal placental expulsion was significantly higher than in the cows with RFM. Ovarian cyclicity was highest (75.92%) among the cows that were maintained in adequate hygienic conditions and lowest (43.51%) in a poor environment. The highest percentage (88.10%) of cows showed postpartum cyclicity with a history of short lactation length (0-150 days) and resumption of postpartum estrous cycle increases significantly with lactation length. Resumption of postpartum estrus cycles in cows takes more time with a history of minimal (<15 liters) daily milk production than the cow with medium (>15-25 liters) daily milk production. Cows get an adequate feed supply (both concentrate and green grass), which shows a positive effect on postpartum cyclicity. Pre and postpartum complications have a significant (p<0.001) effect on the postpartum cyclicity of cows. Endometritis (81.25%) followed by pyometra (75.76%) were recorded as major reproductive obstacles in ovarian resumption, whereas uterine prolapse (70.59%) followed by abortion (61.54%), milk fever (58.33%), stillbirth (58.33%) and dystocia (57.63%) were the major recorded complications in post-partum phase. The study also revealed that the non-restricted suckling period has a significant (p<0.001) negative effect on ovarian resumption. The risk factors including parity, BCS, placental expulsion, hygienic condition, lactation length, daily milk production and management system were significantly (P<0.01) influenced the postpartum cyclicity. Maintaining optimal BCS of cows, proper hygienic and good management practice, and farmer's training on management of cattle reproduction would improve the number of cows for breeding by 60 days postpartum.
本研究的目的是评估孟加拉国锡尔赫特地区泌乳奶牛产后发情的患病率和相关危险因素。从研究区不同奶牛场随机选取不同品种、不同年龄的产后奶牛420头。采用结构化问卷调查方式,对农场主进行产后发情的患病率及危险因素的调查。产后60天内观察到的发热视为正常周期奶牛,其余为产后发情。产后发情发生率为36.20%。研究表明,年龄较大的奶牛卵巢恢复所需的时间相对较长。母牛初产在产后60天内表现出周期性,产后发情随胎次的增加而明显增加。体况评分(BCS)较差(≤1.0)和过高(>3)的奶牛产后停发率显著高于体况评分(2-3)的奶牛(P< 0.001)。正常胎盘排出史的奶牛60天内的产后周期明显高于RFM奶牛。良好卫生条件下卵巢周期最高(75.92%),较差卫生条件下卵巢周期最低(43.51%)。产后周期以泌乳时间短(0 ~ 150 d)的奶牛比例最高(88.10%),且随着泌乳时间的延长,产后发情期恢复显著增加。奶牛的产后发情周期恢复需要更多的时间,奶牛的日产奶量最低(15-25升)。奶牛获得充足的饲料供应(精料和绿草),这对产后周期有积极影响。产前和产后并发症对奶牛产后周期有显著影响(p<0.001)。子宫内膜炎(81.25%)、子宫积脓(75.76%)是卵巢恢复的主要生殖障碍,而子宫脱垂(70.59%)、流产(61.54%)、乳热(58.33%)、死产(58.33%)、难产(57.63%)是产后主要并发症。研究还发现,不限制哺乳期对卵巢恢复有显著的负向影响(p<0.001)。胎次、胎龄、胎盘排出、卫生状况、泌乳时间、日产奶量及管理制度等危险因素对产后周期有显著影响(P<0.01)。保持奶牛的最佳BCS,适当的卫生和良好的管理规范,以及农民对牛繁殖管理的培训,将在产后60天内提高可供繁殖的奶牛数量。
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引用次数: 0
Fish Bacterial Pathogen in Gills, Skin, Kidney, Intestines, and its Water at Elmahmoudia and Edfina 鱼鳃、皮肤、肾、肠及其水中的细菌病原体
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.107097
Olaa Yacoub, H. Torky, R. Tawfik
Isolation and characterization of most important gram negative bacteria in fish as Vibrio spp, Pseudomonas spp, Aeromonas spp, Salmonella spp.
鱼类中最重要的革兰氏阴性菌弧菌、假单胞菌、气单胞菌、沙门氏菌的分离与鉴定。
{"title":"Fish Bacterial Pathogen in Gills, Skin, Kidney, Intestines, and its Water at Elmahmoudia and Edfina","authors":"Olaa Yacoub, H. Torky, R. Tawfik","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.107097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.107097","url":null,"abstract":"Isolation and characterization of most important gram negative bacteria in fish as Vibrio spp, Pseudomonas spp, Aeromonas spp, Salmonella spp.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78330800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathogenicity and Virulence of Flavobacterium columnare Isolated from Farmed African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822) 养殖非洲鲶鱼Clarias gariepinus柱状黄杆菌的致病性和毒力(Burchell 1822)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.118771
O. Akinola
Columnaris disease caused by the multi-variant Flavobacterium columnare is known to be responsible for severe mortality in wild and cultured freshwater fish species worldwide. Incidence of conditions presenting with clinical signs typical of Columnaris disease has been reported by catfish farmers in Nigeria. There is, therefore, the need to ascertain the pathogenicity and virulence of F. columnare isolates from disease conditions, as a prelude to molecular characterization of genetic variants of the bacterium in Nigeria. Four groups of 10 African catfish, Clarias gariepinus weighing 32 – 40 g were experimentally infected with 106 CFU/L of different isolates of F. columnare, identified using diagnostic PCR. Similar number of fish in a fifth group were not infected (Control). All Experimental treatments were replicated once. Percentage morbidity and mortality were observed and compared between experimental groups using descriptive statistics, while cellular structures of normal, discoloured and necrotic skin of affected fish were also studied. All F. columnare isolates used in the experimental infection were observed to be pathogenic, causing clinical signs and mortality in infected fish. Lesions observed were external, with characteristic dermatitis typically referred to as saddle-back lesion being prominent. There is gross variation in morbidity and mortality among the different isolates, with the highest being 80% (for both) and the least, 55% and 40%, respectively. There was vacuolation in the epidermal cells and reduction in melanocytes in the discoloured skin but complete erosion of the epidermis in severe dermatitis. There is the likelihood that some of the F. columnare isolates used in this study differ genetically, indicating the need for the identification of the different genetic variants available in Nigeria.
众所周知,由多变种柱状黄杆菌引起的柱状病是全世界野生和养殖淡水鱼严重死亡的原因。尼日利亚鲶鱼养殖者报告了出现柱状虫病典型临床症状的发病率。因此,有必要从疾病条件下确定柱状芽孢杆菌分离物的致病性和毒力,作为尼日利亚该细菌遗传变异分子特征的前奏。以4组10只体重为32 ~ 40 g的非洲鲶鱼为实验对象,分别用106 CFU/L的不同柱状芽孢杆菌分离株进行鉴定。第五组中同样数量的鱼没有被感染(对照组)。所有实验处理均重复一次。使用描述性统计观察和比较实验组之间的发病率和死亡率百分比,同时还研究了受感染鱼的正常、变色和坏死皮肤的细胞结构。在实验感染中使用的所有柱状梭菌分离株都被观察到具有致病性,在受感染的鱼中引起临床症状和死亡。观察到的病变是外部的,具有特征性的皮炎,通常被称为鞍背病变是突出的。不同分离株的发病率和死亡率有很大差异,最高的为80%(两者都有),最低的分别为55%和40%。严重皮炎患者表皮细胞空泡化,黑色素细胞减少,严重皮炎患者表皮完全糜烂。本研究中使用的一些柱状单胞菌分离株可能在遗传上存在差异,这表明有必要鉴定尼日利亚现有的不同遗传变异。
{"title":"Pathogenicity and Virulence of Flavobacterium columnare Isolated from Farmed African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)","authors":"O. Akinola","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.118771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.118771","url":null,"abstract":"Columnaris disease caused by the multi-variant Flavobacterium columnare is known to be responsible for severe mortality in wild and cultured freshwater fish species worldwide. Incidence of conditions presenting with clinical signs typical of Columnaris disease has been reported by catfish farmers in Nigeria. There is, therefore, the need to ascertain the pathogenicity and virulence of F. columnare isolates from disease conditions, as a prelude to molecular characterization of genetic variants of the bacterium in Nigeria. Four groups of 10 African catfish, Clarias gariepinus weighing 32 – 40 g were experimentally infected with 106 CFU/L of different isolates of F. columnare, identified using diagnostic PCR. Similar number of fish in a fifth group were not infected (Control). All Experimental treatments were replicated once. Percentage morbidity and mortality were observed and compared between experimental groups using descriptive statistics, while cellular structures of normal, discoloured and necrotic skin of affected fish were also studied. All F. columnare isolates used in the experimental infection were observed to be pathogenic, causing clinical signs and mortality in infected fish. Lesions observed were external, with characteristic dermatitis typically referred to as saddle-back lesion being prominent. There is gross variation in morbidity and mortality among the different isolates, with the highest being 80% (for both) and the least, 55% and 40%, respectively. There was vacuolation in the epidermal cells and reduction in melanocytes in the discoloured skin but complete erosion of the epidermis in severe dermatitis. There is the likelihood that some of the F. columnare isolates used in this study differ genetically, indicating the need for the identification of the different genetic variants available in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87877275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tilapia Nilotica Welfare in Relation to Economic and Managerial Culture 罗非鱼福利与经济和管理文化的关系
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.124917
S. Hamid, Sara E. Shahin, A. Abouelnaga
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of different stocking populations of tilapia nilotica fish in their aquaculture on some maintenance behavior, performance, economic values and hormonal concentration levels. On this research, 300 tilapia nilotica fish were distributed into different densities (15, 20,25 and30 fish per aquaria 40*30*80cm) 3 replica for each population and distributed in 70 Litter water in aquaria. 30 fish kept as aspare. After 2 weeks from the start of the experiment and at the end of the experimental periods, blood samples were collected for serum cortisol and growth hormones assay. From the obtained results we found that, The feeding and foraging behavior time and frequency (94.00+3.55 & 144.00+9.79) were improved with stocking density (15 fish in aquaria) and the aggressive behavior was at high level with overcrowding. (26.80+1.83 & 105.00+4.68), on the other hand the surfacing, swimming and resting time were increased with higher stocking rate. The growth hormone was increased with decreased stocking density. The stress indicating hormone (cortisol) was increased with high stocking populations. The return and profit were significantly increase with decreased stocking density.
本研究旨在探讨尼罗罗非鱼养殖中不同放养种群对其维持行为、生产性能、经济价值和激素浓度水平的影响。本研究以尼罗罗非鱼300尾为研究对象,每个种群按不同密度(15、20、25、30尾/水族箱40*30*80cm) 3个副本分布在70个水族箱的枯落水中。30条鱼作为备用。试验开始和试验结束2周后,采集大鼠血液进行血清皮质醇和生长激素测定。结果表明:放养密度(水族箱15条)提高了摄食行为时间和频率(94.00+3.55 & 144.00+9.79),过度拥挤时攻击行为处于较高水平;(26.80+1.83 & 105.00+4.68),上浮时间、游动时间和休息时间随着放养率的增加而增加。生长激素随放养密度的降低而增加。随着放养种群的增加,应激指示激素(皮质醇)也随之增加。随着放养密度的降低,收益显著增加。
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引用次数: 0
Genotyping of Salmonella isolates from chickens and ducks and sequence analysis of two chicken isolates of Salmonella Enterica serovar Enteritidis 鸡鸭分离沙门氏菌基因分型及两株鸡血清型肠炎沙门氏菌序列分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.128947
E. AbdAllah, H. Sorour, A. Hussien, M. Elsayed
Salmonella causes drastic losses in chicken and duck farms and is considered a major food-borne pathogen with public health concern. Out of 400 chicken and duck samples distributed as follows: (260 samples were collected from native species and 140 from imported species). Salmonella infection in local species represented 5.4% (14/260) and 3.6% (5/140) in imported poultry. A total seven Salmonella serotypes were obtained as follows: S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurum, S. Kentuky, S. Virchow, S. Infantis, S. Remo, and S. Seremban by serotyping using the (Kauffmann–White scheme). In the same time, all the isolates were subjected to molecular identification by using five primers targeting (sefA, STM4495, ISR2-ISR3, ORF, and Hypothertical protein) which were specific for S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurum, S. Infantis, S. Kentuky, and S. Virchow, respectively. Genotyping provided rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for Salmonella classification. Phylogenetic analysis was performed onto 2 strains of isolated Salmonella enteritidis (one isolated from imported chicks and the other one from local chicks based on sequencing of the PCR product of the sefA gene. The sequences showed close identity of local and imported isolates with other Salmonella reference strains in different countries. On conclusion, it is important to implement strict monitoring policy of Salmonella in imported and local poultry for prevention and control of Salmonella and formulation of effective vaccines to protect the poultry industry.
沙门氏菌在鸡鸭养殖场造成严重损失,被认为是引起公共卫生关注的主要食源性病原体。400份鸡鸭样本分布情况如下:(本地品种260份,进口品种140份)。本地家禽沙门氏菌感染率为5.4%(14/260),进口家禽为3.6%(5/140)。采用Kauffmann-White方案进行血清分型,共获得肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肯塔基沙门氏菌、Virchow沙门氏菌、婴儿沙门氏菌、雷莫沙门氏菌和Seremban沙门氏菌7种血清型。同时,对所有分离株进行分子鉴定,采用5种引物(sefA、STM4495、ISR2-ISR3、ORF和Hypothertical protein)分别对肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、婴儿沙门氏菌、肯塔基沙门氏菌和Virchow沙门氏菌进行特异性鉴定。基因分型为沙门氏菌分类提供了快速、灵敏、准确的方法。通过sefA基因PCR产物的测序,对2株肠炎沙门氏菌(1株来自进口鸡,1株来自本地鸡)进行系统发育分析。结果表明,本地分离株和进口分离株与各国其他沙门氏菌参考菌株具有较强的同源性。综上所述,实施严格的进口和本地家禽沙门氏菌监测政策,预防和控制沙门氏菌,制定有效的疫苗,保护家禽业。
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引用次数: 0
Efficacy of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water (SAEW) Comparing to Chlorine on Inactivation of Legionella Pneumophila Isolated from Drinking Water Tanks 微酸性电解水(SAEW)与氯气对饮水罐中嗜肺军团菌灭活效果的比较
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.168961
Mohamed Elsenduony, Eman Hussein, Lamiaa Hassan
Legionella is an opportunistic waterborne pathogen which is transmitted to humans via inhalation of contaminated water droplets. In addition, Legionella pneumophila is considered ubiquitous bacterium which inherently resistant to chlorine in tap water. On the other side, recent researches revealed that SAEW is considered a novel sanitizer against a broad spectrum of bacteria and possesses nonselective antimicrobial properties. A total of 300 drinking water samples were collected from water tanks (100 samples from hotels, 100 samples from plants and 100 samples from residential units) at Alexandria and Cairo governments from January till July 2023. Results revealed that the incidence of Legionella species in drinking water samples from hotels, plants and residential units water tanks were 0 % (0/100) , 3 % (3/100) and 1% (1/100), respectively. Two isolates from plants water tanks were identified as Legionella pneumophila by RT PCR. The efficacy of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) was assessed comparing to chlorine on inactivation and biofilm adherence strength of Legionella pneumophila isolates. The obtained results showed that SAEW was more effective on inactivation of the two Legionella pneumophila isolates than chlorine within shorter treatment duration, where 100 % inactivation of Legionella pneumophila achieved after 3 hrs and 48 hrs from SAEW and chlorine treatment, respectively. In addition, SAEW showed significant effect on the biofilm adherence strength of the two Legionella pneumophila isolates. This study underlines the highly antimicrobial effect of SAEW on inactivation of Legionella within short duration without any undesirable residual agents in water which may cause further water pollution.
军团菌是一种机会性水媒病原体,通过吸入被污染的水滴传播给人类。此外,嗜肺军团菌被认为是普遍存在的细菌,它对自来水中的氯具有固有的抗性。另一方面,最近的研究表明,SAEW被认为是一种针对广谱细菌的新型消毒剂,具有非选择性抗菌特性。从2023年1月至7月,从亚历山大和开罗政府的水箱中收集了总共300个饮用水样本(100个来自酒店,100个来自工厂,100个来自住宅单位)。结果酒店、植物和居民单位水箱饮用水样品军团菌的感染率分别为0%(0/100)、3%(3/100)和1%(1/100)。从植物水箱中分离的2株菌株经RT - PCR鉴定为嗜肺军团菌。比较了微酸性电解水(SAEW)与氯对嗜肺军团菌分离株的灭活效果和生物膜粘附强度的影响。结果表明,在较短的处理时间内,SAEW对两种嗜肺军团菌的灭活效果优于氯,其中SAEW和氯处理分别在3 h和48 h后达到100%的灭活效果。此外,SAEW对两株嗜肺军团菌的生物膜粘附强度有显著影响。本研究强调了SAEW在短时间内对军团菌具有高度的抑菌作用,且水中没有残留可能造成进一步水污染的不良物质。
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引用次数: 0
Quality Assessment of Litopenaeus Vannamei Shrimp 凡纳滨对虾品质评价
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.150754
Yousra far, Ibrahim Samaha, Mohamed Nosseir
This study aimed to throw the light on the nutritional value and quality of shell fish in addition to knowing the incipient spoilage of shellfish through definition of , evaluation of chemical composition of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp (Total protein, Total fat, Total fiber, Humidity and ash), chemical analysis of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp to determine its quality (pH, TVN, TBA and FFA) and evaluation of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp quality. The study was carried-out on Shrimp samples from Berkeit Ghalioun, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The samples was collected during the summer season of 2022. All samples were transported directly fresh to laboratory in ice box (at 5 – 10 oC), within 2 – 3 hours for examination. The collected 70 shrimp (30 shrimp fresh and 40 shrimp frozen) were examined for sensory and biochemical evaluation at different periods of the study. The bacteriological evaluation was made on fresh (30 samples at different densities 100 m2 and 200 m2 of breeding) and the 70 frozen samples. This study concluded that, the sensory evaluation characters that includes colour, head/chest and tail , legs, shell and tentacles , eyes, dour and meat cleared that, the shrimp during its storage period that ranged from 1 to 20 days , the shrimp in agood quality conditions where its quantitative score ranged from 10 to 1 for the storage shrimp at 1 and 20 day. While, the results of constituent evaluation that includes protein %, fat %, moisture %, ash %, and the product evaluations that includes TBA %, TVBN %, pH, decreased with increasing the period of storage from 0 to 72 hours, while, the level of bacterial count (Total viable count, enterobacteriacae, coliforms, total staphylococci and staph. aureus counts increased with increasing the period of storage. Good preservation and application of good hygiene principlrs during catching improved the quality of shrimp.
本研究旨在通过对凡纳滨对虾的定义和化学成分(总蛋白、总脂肪、总纤维、湿度和灰分)的评价,对凡纳滨对虾进行化学分析以确定其品质(pH、TVN、TBA和FFA),对凡纳滨对虾进行品质评价,了解贝类的早期变质,同时了解贝类的营养价值和品质。该研究是对来自埃及Kafr El-Sheikh省Berkeit Ghalioun的虾样本进行的。这些样本是在2022年夏季收集的。所有样品在2 - 3小时内直接新鲜运输至实验室(5 - 10℃)进行检测。选取70只对虾(30只新鲜对虾,40只冷冻对虾),在不同时期进行感官和生化评价。对新鲜样品(100 m2和200 m2养殖不同密度样品30份)和冷冻样品70份进行细菌学评价。本研究认为,颜色、头/胸尾、腿、壳和触手、眼睛、气色和肉质等感官评价指标表明,贮藏1 ~ 20 d的对虾,品质条件较好的1、20 d的对虾,其定量评分在10 ~ 1之间。蛋白质%、脂肪%、水分%、灰分%和TBA %、TVBN %、pH值随着贮藏时间的延长而降低,细菌总数(总活菌数、肠杆菌、大肠菌群、总葡萄球菌和葡萄球菌)呈下降趋势。金黄色葡萄球菌数量随贮藏时间的延长而增加。在捕虾过程中,良好的保存和卫生原则的应用提高了虾的品质。
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alexandria journal of veterinary sciences
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