The current investigation was concerned with the different hepatic cells of the liver of the young domesticated pig. This work was carried out on fresh hepatic specimens from six healthy young pigs that were gathered immediately after their slaughter at the Abdelkader abattoir, Alexandria, Egypt. In our histological results, the liver had different cells including the hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells including, the Kupffer cells and Ito cells. The hepatocytes had a large round cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. The intracellular lipid droplets allowed for the identification of ito cells and were found in the perisinusoidal space. By TEM observations, Kupffer cells had an irregular nucleus with a condensed type of chromatin. Ito cells had a large flat nucleus and large fat droplets, while their cytoplasm had a rough endoplasmic reticulum intermixed with mitochondria.
{"title":"Microscopic Focus on the Different Hepatic Cells of The Young Domesticated Pig (Sus suidae)","authors":"M. Elghoul, R. Kandyle, Mohamed M A Abumandour","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.94338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.94338","url":null,"abstract":"The current investigation was concerned with the different hepatic cells of the liver of the young domesticated pig. This work was carried out on fresh hepatic specimens from six healthy young pigs that were gathered immediately after their slaughter at the Abdelkader abattoir, Alexandria, Egypt. In our histological results, the liver had different cells including the hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells including, the Kupffer cells and Ito cells. The hepatocytes had a large round cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. The intracellular lipid droplets allowed for the identification of ito cells and were found in the perisinusoidal space. By TEM observations, Kupffer cells had an irregular nucleus with a condensed type of chromatin. Ito cells had a large flat nucleus and large fat droplets, while their cytoplasm had a rough endoplasmic reticulum intermixed with mitochondria.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81892602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Rabbits are a basic source of protein in many areas around the world. Rabbits are characterized by meat of good quality and high protein source. It is of importance to study and predict different rabbit characters. A total of 720 data values of three different breeds of rabbits (NewZeland White, Californian, and Rex) and both sexes were used. Discriminant analysis (DA) was used to classify the three rabbit breeds and genders based on the morphological characters (body length (BL), chest circumference (CHC), abdominal circumference (ABDC), thigh circumference (THC), ear length (EL) and ear width (EW)). Data were analyzed using the procedures of DA on SPSS 23 statistical package. The results were that ear width showed a strong participation (0.646) in discriminating the three breeds and explained most of the variance while body length (-0.608) was next in importance as a predictor followed by abdominal circumference (0.531) and the other variables were less contribution. Abdominal circumference is the most significant morphological trait as a discriminating variable (0.695) in discrimination between male and female and explained most of the variance followed by ear width (0.560) then the body length (-0.531). It is found that 59.2 % correct classification of the rabbit breeds using the discriminant functions was achieved and 70.8 % correct classification of the rabbit sexes using the discriminant functions was achieved.
{"title":"Discriminant Analysis (DA) Technique for Identification Sex and Breed of Rabbits Depending on Morphological Traits","authors":"F. Abdallah","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.120266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.120266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rabbits are a basic source of protein in many areas around the world. Rabbits are characterized by meat of good quality and high protein source. It is of importance to study and predict different rabbit characters. A total of 720 data values of three different breeds of rabbits (NewZeland White, Californian, and Rex) and both sexes were used. Discriminant analysis (DA) was used to classify the three rabbit breeds and genders based on the morphological characters (body length (BL), chest circumference (CHC), abdominal circumference (ABDC), thigh circumference (THC), ear length (EL) and ear width (EW)). Data were analyzed using the procedures of DA on SPSS 23 statistical package. The results were that ear width showed a strong participation (0.646) in discriminating the three breeds and explained most of the variance while body length (-0.608) was next in importance as a predictor followed by abdominal circumference (0.531) and the other variables were less contribution. Abdominal circumference is the most significant morphological trait as a discriminating variable (0.695) in discrimination between male and female and explained most of the variance followed by ear width (0.560) then the body length (-0.531). It is found that 59.2 % correct classification of the rabbit breeds using the discriminant functions was achieved and 70.8 % correct classification of the rabbit sexes using the discriminant functions was achieved.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81524514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Hamed, M. Abdelaty, H. Sorour, H. Roshdy, A. Samir, Zainab badiea
A total 250 fecal samples were collected from chicken, duck, pigeon, and rabbits for detection of Salmonella species. Salmonella species were detected in 42 out of 250 samples 16.8% and the most predominant species were Salmonella Enteritis was detected in 11 out 42 (26.2%) of total isolates and Salmonella Typhimurum was detected in 9 out 42 (21.4% ) of total isolates. All isolates were examined for antibiotics sensitivity by using disc diffusion technique against 10 different antibiotics Ampicillin , Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid , ciprofloxacin , cefotaxime , ceftriaxone , doxycycline , Norfloxacin , streptomycin , tetracycline and Gentamicin), and found that highest percentage of resistance in all species was seen with amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and the lowest percentage of resistance was seen with gentamicin, ciprofloxacine and norfloxacine. The molecular identification of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella strains which isolated from different poultry species and rabbits (n=42)revealed the detection of invA, , mgtC, bcfC, sopBand ssaG genes in 100% of the examined isolates, while avrA gene found to be in 90.5%Analyzing of nucleotide sequence of sopB virulence gene of identities between the isolated Egyptian Salmonella strains and different Salmonella strains uploaded from gene bank from different places all over the world revealed a 98.6% to 100% homology.
{"title":"Molecular Heterogeneity of Salmonella Gene Isolated from Chickens, Ducks, Pigeons, and Rabbits in Egypt","authors":"E. Hamed, M. Abdelaty, H. Sorour, H. Roshdy, A. Samir, Zainab badiea","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.134919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.134919","url":null,"abstract":"A total 250 fecal samples were collected from chicken, duck, pigeon, and rabbits for detection of Salmonella species. Salmonella species were detected in 42 out of 250 samples 16.8% and the most predominant species were Salmonella Enteritis was detected in 11 out 42 (26.2%) of total isolates and Salmonella Typhimurum was detected in 9 out 42 (21.4% ) of total isolates. All isolates were examined for antibiotics sensitivity by using disc diffusion technique against 10 different antibiotics Ampicillin , Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid , ciprofloxacin , cefotaxime , ceftriaxone , doxycycline , Norfloxacin , streptomycin , tetracycline and Gentamicin), and found that highest percentage of resistance in all species was seen with amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and the lowest percentage of resistance was seen with gentamicin, ciprofloxacine and norfloxacine. The molecular identification of virulence-associated genes in Salmonella strains which isolated from different poultry species and rabbits (n=42)revealed the detection of invA, , mgtC, bcfC, sopBand ssaG genes in 100% of the examined isolates, while avrA gene found to be in 90.5%Analyzing of nucleotide sequence of sopB virulence gene of identities between the isolated Egyptian Salmonella strains and different Salmonella strains uploaded from gene bank from different places all over the world revealed a 98.6% to 100% homology.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74120002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samy Khalil, Amr Fadel, EmadAl Ebshahy, Nada Menesy
One of the most important and distributed bacterial disease in freshwater fish in Egypt is flavobacteriosis disease that caused by the gram-negative bacillus Flavobacterium which infects fish under stressful conditions and causing high mortality. In this study we have attempted to identify the possible infection of three flavobacteria app. (F. columnare, F. covae, and F. davissi) out of 200 cultured African catfish Clarias gariepinus and Nile tilapia tilapia niloticus. The Goal of this study was to isolate and characterize Flavobacteria species phenotypically, biochemically and detect the haemolytic virulence activity, beside evaluation antibiotics resistance activity of this bacterium. Despite, all flavobacteria species cause heamolysis to sheep blood agar that indicate to presence of heamolysine virulence gene but the F.columnare TIL2015 strain show no heamolysis on sheep blood agar. According to antibiotic sensitivity assay Gentamycin 30 μg, was the most effective antibiotic against the all tested Flavobacteria species, however F.columnare strains were sensitive against Doxycycline 30 μg, streptomycin 10 μg, beside gentamycin 30 μg. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin 30 μg and Cefalexine 30 μg.
{"title":"Phenotypic Characterization of Certain Flavobacteria Species Infected Cultured Freshwater Fish","authors":"Samy Khalil, Amr Fadel, EmadAl Ebshahy, Nada Menesy","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.160357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.160357","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important and distributed bacterial disease in freshwater fish in Egypt is flavobacteriosis disease that caused by the gram-negative bacillus Flavobacterium which infects fish under stressful conditions and causing high mortality. In this study we have attempted to identify the possible infection of three flavobacteria app. (F. columnare, F. covae, and F. davissi) out of 200 cultured African catfish Clarias gariepinus and Nile tilapia tilapia niloticus. The Goal of this study was to isolate and characterize Flavobacteria species phenotypically, biochemically and detect the haemolytic virulence activity, beside evaluation antibiotics resistance activity of this bacterium. Despite, all flavobacteria species cause heamolysis to sheep blood agar that indicate to presence of heamolysine virulence gene but the F.columnare TIL2015 strain show no heamolysis on sheep blood agar. According to antibiotic sensitivity assay Gentamycin 30 μg, was the most effective antibiotic against the all tested Flavobacteria species, however F.columnare strains were sensitive against Doxycycline 30 μg, streptomycin 10 μg, beside gentamycin 30 μg. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin 30 μg and Cefalexine 30 μg.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monday Onakpa, Maxwell Egua, Florence Nwinyi, Motunrayo Akande, Hudu Mikail, Julius Ode, David Akumka, Mohammed Adamu
Feretia apodanthera is a shrub with twisting branches commonly used in folklore medicine to manage erectile dysfunction and to treat stomach upset. In this study, the leaf extract of Feretia apodanthera was extracted using 80% methanol. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant test using the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. Acute toxicity study of the extract was carried out using the Lorke’s method. The hypoglycaemic studies were done in normal and glucose-challenged rats. The doses of the extract of Feretia apodanthera administered the rats through the oral route were 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. The outcomes were compared with glibenclamide (0.2 mg/kg per os) and those of the normal saline. Phytochemical composition of the extract of Feretia apodanthera included saponins, terpenes, tannins, steroids, and carbohydrates. This result shows that extract of Feretia apodanthera has antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties. Further studies aimed at isolating the active hypoglycemic compound of the leaf extract of Feretia apodanthera are recommended.
{"title":"Hypoglycaemic and Antioxidant Properties of Feretia Apodanthera Methanolic Leaf Extract in Wistar Rats","authors":"Monday Onakpa, Maxwell Egua, Florence Nwinyi, Motunrayo Akande, Hudu Mikail, Julius Ode, David Akumka, Mohammed Adamu","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.130018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.130018","url":null,"abstract":"Feretia apodanthera is a shrub with twisting branches commonly used in folklore medicine to manage erectile dysfunction and to treat stomach upset. In this study, the leaf extract of Feretia apodanthera was extracted using 80% methanol. Phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant test using the Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. Acute toxicity study of the extract was carried out using the Lorke’s method. The hypoglycaemic studies were done in normal and glucose-challenged rats. The doses of the extract of Feretia apodanthera administered the rats through the oral route were 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. The outcomes were compared with glibenclamide (0.2 mg/kg per os) and those of the normal saline. Phytochemical composition of the extract of Feretia apodanthera included saponins, terpenes, tannins, steroids, and carbohydrates. This result shows that extract of Feretia apodanthera has antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties. Further studies aimed at isolating the active hypoglycemic compound of the leaf extract of Feretia apodanthera are recommended.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"304 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of turmeric with fresh oil or oxidized oil on the growth performance, blood biochemical, intestinal and liver histopathology in Japanese Quail. Birds were divided into 8 groups; G1- G4 which were fed on diets containing 2 % fresh vegetable oil supplemented with turmeric 0.0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 % respectively. While groups G5- G8 had the same previously mentioned design but with replacing the fresh oil with oxidized oil. Substitution of the fresh oil with oxidized oil showed non-significant difference in quail body weight and feed conversion ratio, increased feed intake (FI), non-significantly affected serum lipid profile parameters (P˃ 0.05). Turmeric supplementation at 0.75 % to the fresh or oxidized oil containing diets improved feed efficiency utilization, while reduced the FI compared to control (P< 0.05). Feeding quail on oxidized oil containing diet showed no changes in serum MDA concentration, however reduced serum GPx enzyme (P˃ 0.05) compared to birds fed on fresh oil. Turmeric addition reduced serum concentration of MDA, while increased GPx activity (P˃ 0.05). Increasing turmeric level supplemented to the fresh or oxidized oil was associated with reduced serum lipid profile parameters. Addition of turmeric to the oxidized oil-based diets ameliorated the negative effects on the immune related parameters (phagocytic activity and index, lysosomal activity and WBCs count) especially with 0.5% level. Increasing the turmeric supplementation to the oxidized oil containing diet improved the intestinal morphology and hepatic parenchyma. In conclusion, oxidized oil inclusion in Japanese quail diet (2 %) showed no adverse effects on their performance or intestinal morphology however, negatively affected some immune related parameters which could be ameliorated by turmeric supplementation especially at 0.5% of diet.
{"title":"Growth Performance, Blood biochemical, Immune response, Intestinal and Liver Histopathology in Japanese Quail fed Oxidized Oil and Turmeric Supplemented Diets","authors":"M. Soltan, R. Shewita, Ali Mahamet, K. Naggar","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.89190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.89190","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of turmeric with fresh oil or oxidized oil on the growth performance, blood biochemical, intestinal and liver histopathology in Japanese Quail. Birds were divided into 8 groups; G1- G4 which were fed on diets containing 2 % fresh vegetable oil supplemented with turmeric 0.0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 % respectively. While groups G5- G8 had the same previously mentioned design but with replacing the fresh oil with oxidized oil. Substitution of the fresh oil with oxidized oil showed non-significant difference in quail body weight and feed conversion ratio, increased feed intake (FI), non-significantly affected serum lipid profile parameters (P˃ 0.05). Turmeric supplementation at 0.75 % to the fresh or oxidized oil containing diets improved feed efficiency utilization, while reduced the FI compared to control (P< 0.05). Feeding quail on oxidized oil containing diet showed no changes in serum MDA concentration, however reduced serum GPx enzyme (P˃ 0.05) compared to birds fed on fresh oil. Turmeric addition reduced serum concentration of MDA, while increased GPx activity (P˃ 0.05). Increasing turmeric level supplemented to the fresh or oxidized oil was associated with reduced serum lipid profile parameters. Addition of turmeric to the oxidized oil-based diets ameliorated the negative effects on the immune related parameters (phagocytic activity and index, lysosomal activity and WBCs count) especially with 0.5% level. Increasing the turmeric supplementation to the oxidized oil containing diet improved the intestinal morphology and hepatic parenchyma. In conclusion, oxidized oil inclusion in Japanese quail diet (2 %) showed no adverse effects on their performance or intestinal morphology however, negatively affected some immune related parameters which could be ameliorated by turmeric supplementation especially at 0.5% of diet.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84153412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Haematological and Biochemical Profile of Apparently Healthy Horses in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"R. Adedokun, S. Olaogun, B. Alaba","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.10877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.10877","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90245563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nagwa I. Sheraiba, Mostafa Bakly, I. Mostafa, H. Mahboub
The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the expression level of the PRLR gene and milk production traits at different parities in pure Holstein-Friesian and Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred cattle reared under Egyptian conditions, as well as its potential use in future breeding programs. For this purpose, eighteen healthy cows in mid lactation stage belonging to the first, second, and third parities were selected from each breed for sampling, RNA extraction, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that, the mean relative expression of prolactin receptor gene and its fold change level were significantly higher in pure Holstein-Friesian than Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred at the level of the first three parities. In addition, there is a significant and strong positive correlation between PRLR1 and PRLR3 in pure Holstein-Friesian cattle. Significant negative correlations between PRLR2 and PRLR3, DMY3 and TMY3, were observed in Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred cows. In conclusion, this information about the PRLR gene could be a useful indicator for the milk production trait and could be used in crossing programs that depend on genetic selection.
{"title":"Expression Variance of the PRLR Gene and its Association with Milk Productive Traits in Pure Holstein-Friesian and Montbeliarde×Holstein Crossbred Cattle Raised under Egyptian Condition","authors":"Nagwa I. Sheraiba, Mostafa Bakly, I. Mostafa, H. Mahboub","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.146385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.146385","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the expression level of the PRLR gene and milk production traits at different parities in pure Holstein-Friesian and Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred cattle reared under Egyptian conditions, as well as its potential use in future breeding programs. For this purpose, eighteen healthy cows in mid lactation stage belonging to the first, second, and third parities were selected from each breed for sampling, RNA extraction, and quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that, the mean relative expression of prolactin receptor gene and its fold change level were significantly higher in pure Holstein-Friesian than Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred at the level of the first three parities. In addition, there is a significant and strong positive correlation between PRLR1 and PRLR3 in pure Holstein-Friesian cattle. Significant negative correlations between PRLR2 and PRLR3, DMY3 and TMY3, were observed in Montbeliarde×Holstein crossbred cows. In conclusion, this information about the PRLR gene could be a useful indicator for the milk production trait and could be used in crossing programs that depend on genetic selection.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78725097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Amosun, R Adedokun, O Banwo, Simon Akhaine, O Amoo, O Jeremiah
This study was aimed at identifying the most significant bacteria isolates in the udder quarters as pathogenic causes of subclinical mastitis, and as well to investigate antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated organisms. The study was carried out at three cattle farm locations in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. A total number of 105 apparently healthy lactating cows without udder inflammation were sampled for milk; sampling by hand stripping was done after swabbing the teats with cotton wool dipped in alcohol and discarding the first stripping. Culture and isolation techniques, as well as biochemical tests of milk samples from the four quarters of udders of the 105 apparently healthy cows were carried out. In addition, an in vitro antibacterial sensitivity test was performed for six classes of antibacterial agents. A test of independent assessment (Chi-square test) was used to determine if association existed between the bacterial species collectively isolated and the affected animals (p = 0.716) or quarters (p = <0.000). The study established the presence of subclinical mastitis associated with known pathogens of which Pseudomonas species (67.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (53.6%) and Escherichia coli (14.3%) were most significant in decreasing order of quarter distribution in average percentages. The study further revealed differences in susceptibility of the various quarters and spread of infection. The isolated pathogens were generally most susceptible to the fluoroquinolones while varying degrees of resistance was a finding for other classes of antibacterial used possibly due to their prolonged and indiscriminate use; and this calls for caution by animal health care providers.
{"title":"Prevalence of Pseudomonas Species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Milk Samples of Apparently Normal Lactating Cows at Various Cattle Farms in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"Elizabeth Amosun, R Adedokun, O Banwo, Simon Akhaine, O Amoo, O Jeremiah","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.12040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.12040","url":null,"abstract":"This study was aimed at identifying the most significant bacteria isolates in the udder quarters as pathogenic causes of subclinical mastitis, and as well to investigate antibiotic sensitivity of the isolated organisms. The study was carried out at three cattle farm locations in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. A total number of 105 apparently healthy lactating cows without udder inflammation were sampled for milk; sampling by hand stripping was done after swabbing the teats with cotton wool dipped in alcohol and discarding the first stripping. Culture and isolation techniques, as well as biochemical tests of milk samples from the four quarters of udders of the 105 apparently healthy cows were carried out. In addition, an in vitro antibacterial sensitivity test was performed for six classes of antibacterial agents. A test of independent assessment (Chi-square test) was used to determine if association existed between the bacterial species collectively isolated and the affected animals (p = 0.716) or quarters (p = <0.000). The study established the presence of subclinical mastitis associated with known pathogens of which Pseudomonas species (67.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (53.6%) and Escherichia coli (14.3%) were most significant in decreasing order of quarter distribution in average percentages. The study further revealed differences in susceptibility of the various quarters and spread of infection. The isolated pathogens were generally most susceptible to the fluoroquinolones while varying degrees of resistance was a finding for other classes of antibacterial used possibly due to their prolonged and indiscriminate use; and this calls for caution by animal health care providers.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134883761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The major parasitic crustaceans infecting cultured fish species comprise Branchiurans, Leaneids, Ergasilids and Isopods causing wounds that serve as portal entry for bacterial, fungi and viral infections eventually result to morbidity, mortality and economic loss thereby necessitating investigation on prevalence and effects on predilection site of Clarias gariepinus in this study. Four hundred and eighty four fish samples of Clarias gariepinus at various developmental stages were randomly selected from fish farms across the three agro – ecological zones in Lagos Stata, Nigeria. The samples collection lasted eighteen months covering both wet and dry season while parasitology and histology examinations were carried out in a laboratory using standard methods.. The wet mounts were prepared for skin and gills. Water quality parameters monitored were pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, iron concentration, alkalinity, hardness and turbidity according to respective manual guidelines. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, standard deviation were used to determine the level of prevalence, occurrence and distribution of the parasites. Argulus species (Branchiuran) was the only parasitic crustacean observed in this study with low prevalence and intensity of infection of 1.05% and 2 respectively found on the gills of fingerlings during the rainy season. The histological examination on infected gill revealed no alteration. The water parameters were within the acceptable limit for fish survival. The low prevalence and loads of Argulus sp indicated good management practices which possibly suppress the propagation of the parasites despite the expected influence of optimum temperature and low dissolved oxygen in favour of the parasites. Therefore, good management practices should be encouraged to reduce rate of parasitic infection that often being a primary pathway to secondary infections.
{"title":"Investigation of Parasitic Crustacean in the Culture Management of Clarias Gariepinus in Lagos Fish Farms","authors":"O. A, A. K., A. O., O. A, A. A.","doi":"10.5455/ajvs.112192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/ajvs.112192","url":null,"abstract":"The major parasitic crustaceans infecting cultured fish species comprise Branchiurans, Leaneids, Ergasilids and Isopods causing wounds that serve as portal entry for bacterial, fungi and viral infections eventually result to morbidity, mortality and economic loss thereby necessitating investigation on prevalence and effects on predilection site of Clarias gariepinus in this study. Four hundred and eighty four fish samples of Clarias gariepinus at various developmental stages were randomly selected from fish farms across the three agro – ecological zones in Lagos Stata, Nigeria. The samples collection lasted eighteen months covering both wet and dry season while parasitology and histology examinations were carried out in a laboratory using standard methods.. The wet mounts were prepared for skin and gills. Water quality parameters monitored were pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, iron concentration, alkalinity, hardness and turbidity according to respective manual guidelines. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, percentages, standard deviation were used to determine the level of prevalence, occurrence and distribution of the parasites. Argulus species (Branchiuran) was the only parasitic crustacean observed in this study with low prevalence and intensity of infection of 1.05% and 2 respectively found on the gills of fingerlings during the rainy season. The histological examination on infected gill revealed no alteration. The water parameters were within the acceptable limit for fish survival. The low prevalence and loads of Argulus sp indicated good management practices which possibly suppress the propagation of the parasites despite the expected influence of optimum temperature and low dissolved oxygen in favour of the parasites. Therefore, good management practices should be encouraged to reduce rate of parasitic infection that often being a primary pathway to secondary infections.","PeriodicalId":7928,"journal":{"name":"alexandria journal of veterinary sciences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75472574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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