Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology最新文献

Objective: To explore the effective treatment of juvenile outset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JO-RRP).

Method: Thirty six patients of JO-RRP from 1993 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. Twenty seven patients were underwent laser excision by laryngoscope and nine patients were underwent laser excision through laryngostomy. Twenty eight patients who recurrenced more than two times in one year or involved extent of disease more than two anatomical subregion were give interferon after operation one week in addition.

Result: All patients had normal deglutition, 28 cases (77.8%) had been succeed in decannulation. The complications included hoarseness in 8 cases, laryngeal stenosis in 6 cases and pulmonary infection in 3 cases.

Conclusion: The laser surgery by larynoscope and laryngostomy are two kinds of effective treatments for JO-RRP. The interferon therapy after the operation can restrain the recrudescence effectively.

Objective: To obtain more information on the distribution of F-actin in the guinea pig cochlea, to observe the effects of conditioning noise exposure on the expression of F-actin and to study this "toughening" phenomenon mechanisms.

Method: An octave band noise centered at 1 kHz at 95 dB SPL for 8 hours a day was used as conditioning noise. Animals were killed at different time points after different conditioning noise exposure. The organs of Corti were labelled by FITC-phalloidin and examined using laser scanning confocal microscopy following cochlear preparation.

Result: High intensity labeling of F-actin was seen in both inner and outer hair cells, specifically in stereocilia, cuticular plates. In the circumferential rings around the apical periphery of each cell, the head plates of the pillar cells, the lowest portion of OHC bodies, which represented the Deiters cup and in the phalangeal processes of Deiters cell, the strong labelling of F-actin was also seen. F-actin was found in the out pillar cells' body. F-actin labelling of OHCs in differently conditioning exposed animals was different.

Conclusion: (1) Conditioning exposure can change the expression of F-actin in guinea pig cochlea. (2) In the organ of Corti of guinea pig, F-actin distributes not only in the portions previously reported, but also in the out pillar cell' s body. (3) A reduced expression of F-actin in out hair cell after conditioning exposure may be connected to the "toughening" phenomenon.

Objective: To investigate the expression of mACh receptor ml - m5 subunits in the vestibular endorgans of rat.

Method: Gene specific primers used were based upon the rat mACh receptor ml-m5 subunits sequence. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out on the vestibular endorgans. The PCR products were directly sequenced.

Result: It was shown that mACh receptor ml - m5 subunits mRNA was detected and sequenced from vestibular endorgans by RT-PCR technique. Sequence analysis of the PCR products confirmed identity to rat mACh receptor ml--m5 subunits cDNA sequence in the predicted region.

Conclusion: Present data confirmed the expression of ACh receptor ml-m5 subunits in the vestibular endorgans of rat, giving the direct evidence to date that ACh is one of the important neurotransmitters in the peripheral vestibular system of rat.

Objective: To establish and evaluate the vestibular compensation model in rat.

Method: The labyrinth of left ear of rat was destructed with the method of operation and chemical labyrinth destruction. After the unilateral vestibular function was lost, spontaneous nystagmus(SN), head deviation( HD) and postural asymmetries (PA) were observed at a series of time points after operation.

Result: The degree of PA changed along with the time.

Conclusion: Operation and chemical labyrinth destruction may provide a good method to establish the animal model of vestibular compensation.

Objective: To asses hearing loss in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its relationship with AIDS clinical stage.

Method: Pure-tone audiometry was carried out in 350 HIV-infected patients determined by ELISA and KIP methods.

Result: Among 350 HIV positive patients, 45. 4% (159 case) had hearing loss. The incidence was higher than that (69/350, 19. 7%) in control group. There were 56 cases of sensorineural hearing loss,34 cases of conductive hearing loss and 69 cases of mixed type. Forty-nine patients suffered mild hearing loss with threshold of (30+/-5) dBHL on average, 69 cases suffered moderate hearing loss with threshold of (54+/-7)dBHL and 41 cases suffered severe hearing loss with threshold of (84+/-9)dBHL. The hearing loss was dominant at high frequencies [(37+/-78) : 44, P <0. 05], while it had no relationship with the severity of the AIDS disease itself( P >0. 05).

Conclusion: The hearing loss was dominant at high frequencies in HIV infected patients, while it may have no relationship with the severity of the AIDS disease itself.

Objective: To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and c-myc and their relationship with clinicopathological parameter in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

Method: The expression of hTERT protein and c-myc protein in 39 LSCC specimens and 10 vocal cord polyp specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between the expression of hTERT protein and c-myc protein and their relationship with clinicopathological parameter were analyzed.

Result: The positive rate of hTERT protein and c-myc protein expression in 39 LSCC was 84.6% (33/39) and 82.1% (32/39), respectively. The positive rate of hTERT protein and c-myc protein expression in 10 vocal cord polyps was 0 (0/10) and 10.0% (1/10) respectively. Statistical tests showed that hTERT and c-myc protein expression was significantly higher in LSCC than that in vocal cord polyps. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed that the expression of c-myc protein was great significantly related to that of hTERT protein (correlation coefficient r = 0.541, P < 0.01). No statistically association was observed among the frequency of hTERT expression and TNM stages, degree of differentiation or lymph nodes metastases.

Conclusion: The activation of hTERT may be a key step in the pathogenesis of LSCC and the expression of hTERT was associated significantly with that of c-myc gene. C-myc is probably an important control factor in the activation and regulation of hTERT expression.

Objective: To investigate the clinical application of quantitative evaluation of the focus range of juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JO-RRP).

Method: Disease severity was scored as the sum of ratings of 1 (minimal), 2 (moderate), or 3 (severe) for involvement of 22 areas of the respiratory tract and digestive tract. Sixty-eight cases with JO-RRP patients underwent 238 procedures were removed papillomas. A Storz laryngoscope was used to exposed and suspend the larynx, and an endoscope video system was used to display the pathological changes.

Result: The score of these cases range from 2 to 20, most of them range from 7 to 14. Papillomas were found in the larynx in each case, vocal cords and false vocal cords were the most common places involved. Nose, pharynx, hard palate, lung or esophagus involved was seldom found. The score declined as the patients underwent more procedures. It is in accord with the clinical characteristic of JO-RRP.

Conclusion: We concluded that our means of JO-RRP focus range quantitative evaluation could evaluate the severity and clinical curative effect objectively. It was a scientific and convenient way, and worth to be generalized.

Objective: To study the value of spiral CT scan in diagnosis of the respiratory tract foreign body in children.

Method: Eighty-four patients with negative chest X-rays who were considered to have respiratory tract foreign body were done chest spiral CT scans.

Result: All cases were found foreign body under spiral CT scans.

Conclusion: Spiral CT scan is a special and valuable diagnostic method for respiratory tract foreign body. It can make up for the lack of chest X-rays.

Objective: After preliminary edit and equivalent tests, Mandarin speech test materials (MSTM) were digitally recorded and further tested in order to get multi-center analysis and clinical application.

Method: The contents of the lists were modified and the trial lists were added. All materials were digitally recorded into 3 CDs with international criterions. Each CD contained a calibration pure-tone, a trial list and the speech test lists. MSTM contained 10 lists of monosyllabic words with 50 words in each list, 10 lists of spondees with 50 disyllabic words (100 Chinese characters) in each lists, and 30 lists of sentences with 10 sentences in each list. Sixty normal-hearing college students were tested. The tests were conducted in the sound booths with earphones. The presentation levels of the monosyllables, disyllables and sentences were different. The presentation levels considered as the scores were about 50% correct,in which condition the speech intelligibility was most sensitive.

Result: Statistic analysis showed that two sets (9 lists in each set) of monosyllable lists, 9 disyllable lists and 27 sentence lists were equivalent in difficulty. If the clinicians do not need so many lists to test the patients, they had better use the most equivalent ones.

Conclusion: The equivalent Mandarin speech lists have been made into CDs and ready to be used clinically. But the multi-center evaluation is needed.

Objective: To study the suppression of proliferation of Hep-2 cells by stable expression of anti-sense perlecan cDNA.

Method: In this study, the plasmids of recombination eukaryotic expression vector perlecan anti-sense cDNA (pAP) were transfected into Hep-2 cells by using cationic liposome (lipofectamine 2000) and divided into three groups: non-transfected group, WT group; transfection with no load carrier, neo group; and transfection with the pAP plasmid, pAP group. Semi quantify RT-PCR, western blot assay and MTT assay were used to detected the expression of perlecan mRNA and protein in the three groups; the level of cell proliferation; and the responsivity of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF).

Result: It was showed that the expression of perlecan mRNA and protein were significantly reduced in the pAP group compared with WT group and ph beta Apr-neol transfected group ( P < 0.01). In the presence of 1 microg/L of bFGF in low serum (0.1% FCS), the pAP transfected cells showed a reduced proliferation rate (MTT assay) while the wild type cells and ph beta Apr-neol transfected cells grew rapidly.

Conclusion: The growth of Hep-2 cells could be inhibited significantly by perlecan anti-sense cDNA plasmids transfection.