Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_28492862
L. Bairwa, Indu, N. Dikshit, Rajesh Kumar Singhal, K. Nagar, Dalip, S. Ahmed, N. Dodiya, W. Soufan, M. Iqbal, M. Rahman, A. El Sabagh
. Agro-morphological attributes are the key parameters for evaluating field crops including fodders. The genetic divergence of cereal forages provide sustainability to modern intensive production systems in the worlds. Changing climate situation is challenging for sorghum and other field crops. Therefore, characterization of agro-morphological attributes of sorghum is crucial for plant fitness, adaptability, livestock and human food supply in the worlds. A field study in the regular arrangement of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted at the experimental farm, RCA, Udaipur. The study was aimed to evaluate and characterize sixteen multi-cut fodder sorghum genotypes for various agro-morphological traits. As per recorded data, genotypes displayed significant variability for various traits. Additionally, green fodder yield (GFY) at first cut manifested significant and positive association with regeneration score whereas genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variation (GCV & PCV) remained high for dry fodder yield at second cut. Furthermore, high heritability (h 2 ) along with high expected genetic gains were exhibited by dry fodder yield at second cut. Moreover, plant height exhibited the maximum direct effect on green fodder yield at first cut followed by regeneration ability score and leaf: stem ratio. To conclude, genotype SPH-1877 showed better performance for green fodder and dry fodder yield, and also exhibited better regeneration score compared to the rest of the genotypes. This study suggests that the best sorghum cultivar with better agro-morphological and yield related traits can be useful for sustainable sorghum production and ensuring the fodder supply for livestock.
{"title":"FIELD EVALUATION OF SIXTEEN MULTI-CUT FODDER SORGHUM [SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH GENOTYPES BASED ON THEIR AGRO-MORPHOLOGICALATTRIBUTES","authors":"L. Bairwa, Indu, N. Dikshit, Rajesh Kumar Singhal, K. Nagar, Dalip, S. Ahmed, N. Dodiya, W. Soufan, M. Iqbal, M. Rahman, A. El Sabagh","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_28492862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_28492862","url":null,"abstract":". Agro-morphological attributes are the key parameters for evaluating field crops including fodders. The genetic divergence of cereal forages provide sustainability to modern intensive production systems in the worlds. Changing climate situation is challenging for sorghum and other field crops. Therefore, characterization of agro-morphological attributes of sorghum is crucial for plant fitness, adaptability, livestock and human food supply in the worlds. A field study in the regular arrangement of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted at the experimental farm, RCA, Udaipur. The study was aimed to evaluate and characterize sixteen multi-cut fodder sorghum genotypes for various agro-morphological traits. As per recorded data, genotypes displayed significant variability for various traits. Additionally, green fodder yield (GFY) at first cut manifested significant and positive association with regeneration score whereas genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variation (GCV & PCV) remained high for dry fodder yield at second cut. Furthermore, high heritability (h 2 ) along with high expected genetic gains were exhibited by dry fodder yield at second cut. Moreover, plant height exhibited the maximum direct effect on green fodder yield at first cut followed by regeneration ability score and leaf: stem ratio. To conclude, genotype SPH-1877 showed better performance for green fodder and dry fodder yield, and also exhibited better regeneration score compared to the rest of the genotypes. This study suggests that the best sorghum cultivar with better agro-morphological and yield related traits can be useful for sustainable sorghum production and ensuring the fodder supply for livestock.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_30453056
H. Ullah, T. Aziz, A. Sarwar, Z. Khan, M. Shahzad, M. Alharbi, A. Alsahammari
. Naswar is a smokeless tobacco product, commonly consumed in Pashtun population of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Despite being an established risk factor for oral cancer, not much is known about microbiological constituents of Naswar. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore bacterial diversity in Naswar using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Methodology: DNA was extracted from twelve (n = 12) famous brands of Naswar samples using an enzymatic and mechanical lysis method followed by next generation sequencing on Illumina Miseq platform. Results: Naswar samples exhibits differential abundance profile at all taxonomic levels with Khamar brand having the highest species richness and diversity indices. Of the total 22 phyla identified, phylum Proteobacteria was the most abundant (88.4%) followed by Bacteroidetes (4.71%) and Firmicutes (3.73%). At genus level, 234 genera (range: 32 – 132) were identified. Metagenomic sequencing also revealed presence of 455 (range: 44 – 210) different bacterial species in Naswar samples. The most common species were Pesudomonas aurgenosa , Yersinia enterocolitica , Salmonella enterica , Xanthomonas campestris , and E. coli . Some of the species are of concern due their ability to cause infections in humans. Conclusions: Naswar products harbor diverse bacterial microbiota with differential abundance at phylum, genus and species level. These findings may have several implications in terms of further research to explore microbiological associated health risks and provide scientific evidence to inform potential regulations regarding manufacturing and testing of Naswar in Pakistan.
{"title":"EVALUATING THE BACTERIAL DIVERSITY OF SMOKELESS TOBACCO PRODUCT USING SHOTGUN METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS","authors":"H. Ullah, T. Aziz, A. Sarwar, Z. Khan, M. Shahzad, M. Alharbi, A. Alsahammari","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_30453056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_30453056","url":null,"abstract":". Naswar is a smokeless tobacco product, commonly consumed in Pashtun population of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Despite being an established risk factor for oral cancer, not much is known about microbiological constituents of Naswar. Objectives: The objective of the study was to explore bacterial diversity in Naswar using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Methodology: DNA was extracted from twelve (n = 12) famous brands of Naswar samples using an enzymatic and mechanical lysis method followed by next generation sequencing on Illumina Miseq platform. Results: Naswar samples exhibits differential abundance profile at all taxonomic levels with Khamar brand having the highest species richness and diversity indices. Of the total 22 phyla identified, phylum Proteobacteria was the most abundant (88.4%) followed by Bacteroidetes (4.71%) and Firmicutes (3.73%). At genus level, 234 genera (range: 32 – 132) were identified. Metagenomic sequencing also revealed presence of 455 (range: 44 – 210) different bacterial species in Naswar samples. The most common species were Pesudomonas aurgenosa , Yersinia enterocolitica , Salmonella enterica , Xanthomonas campestris , and E. coli . Some of the species are of concern due their ability to cause infections in humans. Conclusions: Naswar products harbor diverse bacterial microbiota with differential abundance at phylum, genus and species level. These findings may have several implications in terms of further research to explore microbiological associated health risks and provide scientific evidence to inform potential regulations regarding manufacturing and testing of Naswar in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_32433256
M. E. Bozyel, K. Canlı, A. Benek, O. Simsek, I. Akata, Ergin Murat Altuner
. Salvia fruticosa (Anatolian sage) is a medicinal plant with a natural distribution in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. It has ethnomedicinal uses in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of S. fruticosa . The in vitro antimicrobial activity of S. fruticosa ethanol extract (SFEt) by disk diffusion method against thirty-nine bacterial (including eleven multidrug-resistant strains) and two fungal strains was examined. The determination of antioxidant activity was carried out by the DPPH method. The identification of biochemical composition was by GC-MS. Twenty-three components were identified in SFEt and the main one was D-camphor (20.27%). SFEt has antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms tested. The highest activity has been demonstrated against Staphylococcus epidermidis DSMZ 20044 (ST12) as a Gram-positive bacteria with a 21 mm zone of inhibition and Proteus vulgaris (MDR6) as a Gram-negative bacteria with a 13 mm zone of inhibition. Also, the data from Streptococcus pneumonia (MDR7) was very striking because a higher activity has been observed than fourteen positive controls. SFEt showed antioxidant activity almost as high as Ascorbic acid. These results have shown that S. fruticosa has a high antimicrobial and antioxidant potential.
{"title":"BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SALVIA FRUTICOSA, AN ETHNOMEDICINAL PLANT","authors":"M. E. Bozyel, K. Canlı, A. Benek, O. Simsek, I. Akata, Ergin Murat Altuner","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_32433256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_32433256","url":null,"abstract":". Salvia fruticosa (Anatolian sage) is a medicinal plant with a natural distribution in the Central and Eastern Mediterranean. It has ethnomedicinal uses in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of S. fruticosa . The in vitro antimicrobial activity of S. fruticosa ethanol extract (SFEt) by disk diffusion method against thirty-nine bacterial (including eleven multidrug-resistant strains) and two fungal strains was examined. The determination of antioxidant activity was carried out by the DPPH method. The identification of biochemical composition was by GC-MS. Twenty-three components were identified in SFEt and the main one was D-camphor (20.27%). SFEt has antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms tested. The highest activity has been demonstrated against Staphylococcus epidermidis DSMZ 20044 (ST12) as a Gram-positive bacteria with a 21 mm zone of inhibition and Proteus vulgaris (MDR6) as a Gram-negative bacteria with a 13 mm zone of inhibition. Also, the data from Streptococcus pneumonia (MDR7) was very striking because a higher activity has been observed than fourteen positive controls. SFEt showed antioxidant activity almost as high as Ascorbic acid. These results have shown that S. fruticosa has a high antimicrobial and antioxidant potential.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67132019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_34833496
Y. Zhao, Shuanwang Qi, Z. Bao, Z. Liu, Bao-guo Ma
. In North China, the shortage of water resources is one of the main restricting factors of agricultural production. In order to alleviate the two problems of agricultural water shortage and mine water discharge and promote the safe utilization of mine water resources. In this paper, the soil column test was used to study the effects of different models of mine water irrigation on the vertical distribution of soil nutrients, salinity and metals. The results show that mine water irrigation can improve soil fertility, and increase the risk of soil and groundwater pollution; mine water irrigation can increase soil salinity, the contents of K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Cl - and SO 4 2-increased significantly in 0-10 cm and 60-80 cm soil layers, which did not cause soil salinization and alkalization in a short time, and the pH value of soil was not affected by irrigation water quality; mine water irrigation increased the concentrations of Cd and Pb in soil, which accumulated most obviously in 0-20 cm soil layer, which caused soil Cd exceeding the secondary soil environmental standard (Cd = 1.00 mg·kg -1 ); the mixed irrigation (mine water and clean water) and rotational irrigation could reduce the pollution risk of nitrogen of groundwater, soil salinization, alkalization, Cd and Pb metals.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF MINE WATER IRRIGATION ON VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL NUTRIENTS, SALTS AND METALS","authors":"Y. Zhao, Shuanwang Qi, Z. Bao, Z. Liu, Bao-guo Ma","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_34833496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_34833496","url":null,"abstract":". In North China, the shortage of water resources is one of the main restricting factors of agricultural production. In order to alleviate the two problems of agricultural water shortage and mine water discharge and promote the safe utilization of mine water resources. In this paper, the soil column test was used to study the effects of different models of mine water irrigation on the vertical distribution of soil nutrients, salinity and metals. The results show that mine water irrigation can improve soil fertility, and increase the risk of soil and groundwater pollution; mine water irrigation can increase soil salinity, the contents of K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Cl - and SO 4 2-increased significantly in 0-10 cm and 60-80 cm soil layers, which did not cause soil salinization and alkalization in a short time, and the pH value of soil was not affected by irrigation water quality; mine water irrigation increased the concentrations of Cd and Pb in soil, which accumulated most obviously in 0-20 cm soil layer, which caused soil Cd exceeding the secondary soil environmental standard (Cd = 1.00 mg·kg -1 ); the mixed irrigation (mine water and clean water) and rotational irrigation could reduce the pollution risk of nitrogen of groundwater, soil salinization, alkalization, Cd and Pb metals.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67132737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_35613573
S. Ilic, M. Perović, O. Kosanin, R. Cvjetićanin
. Rosemary-leaved willow ( Salix rosmarinofolia L.) is a rare and protected species in Serbia. The research was based on ecological characteristics of this species (climatic, vegetational and edaphic) as well as its taxonomical characteristics in Vojvodina region - the northern part of Serbia, where two rosemary-leaved willow sites occur (Subotica-Horgos sand and Deliblato sand). The climate is temperate continental. This willow is the dominant species in two ecologically very similar plant communities, Holoschoeno-Salicetum rosmarinifoliae Stjep. Vesel. 1953. in Deliblato sand and Festucetum vaginatae mixtum Gaj. 1986. salicetosum rosmarinifoliae (Mag 1953) Soo 1939 in Subotica-Horgos sand. These communities are strongly xerophilous, when it comes to moisture requirements. They are strongly intolerant to light and they prefer alkaline soils. In relation to warmth, they are mesothermal to thermophilous. Hemicryptophytes are the dominant life form in the spectrum of life forms, followed by phanerophytes and therophytes. Pontic-Central Asian group is the most frequent in the spectrum of floral elements. Two varieties of Salix rosmarinifolia L. are present-var. rosmarinifolia , which dominates in both localities and var. argyotricha . The geological bedrock on both localities is made of sand, and soils belong to Glaysol (Calcaric, Arenic). Fraction of fine sand absolutely dominates, humus content is relatively low, while soil reaction is mildly alkaline. Soils are poorly supplied with phosphorus, while the potassium supply is somewhat better. Occurrence of rusty-grayish zones in deeper soil layer indicates fluctuation in underground water level and reduction-oxidation processes.
{"title":"TAXONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ROSEMARY-LEAVED WILLOW (SALIX ROSMARINIFOLIA L.) IN VOJVODINA REGION IN SERBIA","authors":"S. Ilic, M. Perović, O. Kosanin, R. Cvjetićanin","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_35613573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_35613573","url":null,"abstract":". Rosemary-leaved willow ( Salix rosmarinofolia L.) is a rare and protected species in Serbia. The research was based on ecological characteristics of this species (climatic, vegetational and edaphic) as well as its taxonomical characteristics in Vojvodina region - the northern part of Serbia, where two rosemary-leaved willow sites occur (Subotica-Horgos sand and Deliblato sand). The climate is temperate continental. This willow is the dominant species in two ecologically very similar plant communities, Holoschoeno-Salicetum rosmarinifoliae Stjep. Vesel. 1953. in Deliblato sand and Festucetum vaginatae mixtum Gaj. 1986. salicetosum rosmarinifoliae (Mag 1953) Soo 1939 in Subotica-Horgos sand. These communities are strongly xerophilous, when it comes to moisture requirements. They are strongly intolerant to light and they prefer alkaline soils. In relation to warmth, they are mesothermal to thermophilous. Hemicryptophytes are the dominant life form in the spectrum of life forms, followed by phanerophytes and therophytes. Pontic-Central Asian group is the most frequent in the spectrum of floral elements. Two varieties of Salix rosmarinifolia L. are present-var. rosmarinifolia , which dominates in both localities and var. argyotricha . The geological bedrock on both localities is made of sand, and soils belong to Glaysol (Calcaric, Arenic). Fraction of fine sand absolutely dominates, humus content is relatively low, while soil reaction is mildly alkaline. Soils are poorly supplied with phosphorus, while the potassium supply is somewhat better. Occurrence of rusty-grayish zones in deeper soil layer indicates fluctuation in underground water level and reduction-oxidation processes.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67132793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2105_44454474
I.Y. IBRAHIM, Y.D. WANG, N ZHOU, B.M. IBRAHIM, D.D. UMAR, Y. YOU, X. XU, C.P. OGBUE, I.D. ISA, A. TUKUR, Y.I. ABUBAKAR, L.I. NASIR
. A remote sensing strategy was investigated to evaluate how temperature and rainfall affect the deforestation of economically important tree species in Wudil, Kano Nigeria. The research was carried out in Wudil. To assess the vulnerability of the study area to desertification and the abundance of economic tree species. Landsat satellite products (Landsat 5, 7, 8. were used as the sources of remote sensing imageries. These products were sourced for intervals of ten years, from 1986 to 1999, 2006 to 2016, and 2020. Standardized temperature anomaly and precipitation index from 1986 to 2020 were analyzed using primary and secondary data obtained for information on temperature and rainfall, a hundred questionnaires were used to analyze how much anthropogenic activity has contributed to desertification in the area by looking at their socioeconomic activities, roads, and infrastructural development. To determine the quantity, distribution, growth, and yield of all the species, a transect of one square kilometer was surveyed using regional techniques in each of the four cardinal directions. Principal component analysis revealed that the activity variables and activity observations for 1999, 2006, 2016, and 2016 were all negative, while the years 1986 and 2020 were positive. Increased trends in temperature and decreasing trends in rainfall are evident using the Mann-Kendall analysis, with P-values of 0.0 and 0.003, respectively, which are smaller than the alpha value of 0.05. The main causes of drought and desertification vulnerability according to the findings include variations in the characteristics of rainfall, human activities, and overgrazing. More tree-planting initiatives should be encouraged, ideally making them an annual event in the study region.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF REMOTE SENSING ON DEFORESTATION OF ECONOMIC TREE SPECIES IN WUDIL, KANO STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"I.Y. IBRAHIM, Y.D. WANG, N ZHOU, B.M. IBRAHIM, D.D. UMAR, Y. YOU, X. XU, C.P. OGBUE, I.D. ISA, A. TUKUR, Y.I. ABUBAKAR, L.I. NASIR","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2105_44454474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2105_44454474","url":null,"abstract":". A remote sensing strategy was investigated to evaluate how temperature and rainfall affect the deforestation of economically important tree species in Wudil, Kano Nigeria. The research was carried out in Wudil. To assess the vulnerability of the study area to desertification and the abundance of economic tree species. Landsat satellite products (Landsat 5, 7, 8. were used as the sources of remote sensing imageries. These products were sourced for intervals of ten years, from 1986 to 1999, 2006 to 2016, and 2020. Standardized temperature anomaly and precipitation index from 1986 to 2020 were analyzed using primary and secondary data obtained for information on temperature and rainfall, a hundred questionnaires were used to analyze how much anthropogenic activity has contributed to desertification in the area by looking at their socioeconomic activities, roads, and infrastructural development. To determine the quantity, distribution, growth, and yield of all the species, a transect of one square kilometer was surveyed using regional techniques in each of the four cardinal directions. Principal component analysis revealed that the activity variables and activity observations for 1999, 2006, 2016, and 2016 were all negative, while the years 1986 and 2020 were positive. Increased trends in temperature and decreasing trends in rainfall are evident using the Mann-Kendall analysis, with P-values of 0.0 and 0.003, respectively, which are smaller than the alpha value of 0.05. The main causes of drought and desertification vulnerability according to the findings include variations in the characteristics of rainfall, human activities, and overgrazing. More tree-planting initiatives should be encouraged, ideally making them an annual event in the study region.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136367330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2105_46054614
T.-H. CHEN
. Alcoholic liver disease is a common liver disease caused by chronic alcohol consumption and is categorized into fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. This study aimed to examine the relationship between alcoholic liver disease and overweight in older adults, focusing on age and gender differences The study was designed as a retrospective age-matched case-control study using the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD). The data of this study were collected from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. The subjects were aged over 65 years old with a primary diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease. The experimental group matched gender and age group to conduct a case-control study with a ratio of 1:2 for the control group. The relationship between overweight and alcoholic liver disease was analyzed by logistic regression. The study found that the prevalence of alcoholic liver disease was significantly higher in male than in female. The prevalence of overweight in male with alcoholic liver disease decreased with age distribution. For female, age did not matter much. However, among female aged 65 to 69 years, those who were overweight were more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease than those who were of normal weight. These findings provide guidance for population-specific prevention and treatment strategies and highlight the importance of weight control in aged 65 and over. Particularly in the aging population, attention to weight control and aging, as well as the development of alcoholic liver disease, may improve patient health and quality of life.
{"title":"GENDER-SPECIFIC EFFECTS OF OBESITY ON ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE IN OLDER ADULTS OF DIFFERENT GROUPS AGED 65 AND OVER: A CASE–CONTROL STUDY","authors":"T.-H. CHEN","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2105_46054614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2105_46054614","url":null,"abstract":". Alcoholic liver disease is a common liver disease caused by chronic alcohol consumption and is categorized into fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. This study aimed to examine the relationship between alcoholic liver disease and overweight in older adults, focusing on age and gender differences The study was designed as a retrospective age-matched case-control study using the Chang Gung Research Database (CGRD). The data of this study were collected from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022. The subjects were aged over 65 years old with a primary diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease. The experimental group matched gender and age group to conduct a case-control study with a ratio of 1:2 for the control group. The relationship between overweight and alcoholic liver disease was analyzed by logistic regression. The study found that the prevalence of alcoholic liver disease was significantly higher in male than in female. The prevalence of overweight in male with alcoholic liver disease decreased with age distribution. For female, age did not matter much. However, among female aged 65 to 69 years, those who were overweight were more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease than those who were of normal weight. These findings provide guidance for population-specific prevention and treatment strategies and highlight the importance of weight control in aged 65 and over. Particularly in the aging population, attention to weight control and aging, as well as the development of alcoholic liver disease, may improve patient health and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136371757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2105_40814097
W. CHEN, H.Y. YU, X.S. TAI, X. MI
. The biochar-palygorskite composite (BC/PAL) was synthesized and applied in the remediation of soil polluted by heavy metals. The efficiency of BC/PAL on the soil physicochemical property, the bioavailability and chemical fraction of Cd and Pb in the soil, the growth of the plants and heavy metals accumulation in maize ( Zea mays L.) were investigated by pot and incubation experiments. The data show that BC/PAL can greatly enhance the stability of Cd and Pb, facilitating their transition from labile to stable components. And the composite can also reduce the CaCl 2 -extractable Cd and Pb with a maximum reduction efficiency of 57.76% and 42.81%, respectively. The fresh weight of corn seedlings had a more than sevenfold increase and the accumulation of Cd and Pb in shoot and root parts decreased significantly. BC/PAL can effectively improve the contents of soil available nutrients, soil enzyme activity, and organic carbon content. It can significantly reduce the bioavailability and ecotoxicity of Cd and Pb in the soil. The biochar-palygorskite composites can be further investigated as an efficient
{"title":"REMEDIATION OF CADMIUM AND LEAD IN CONTAMINATED SOIL USING BIOCHAR-PALYGORSKITE COMPOSITE","authors":"W. CHEN, H.Y. YU, X.S. TAI, X. MI","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2105_40814097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2105_40814097","url":null,"abstract":". The biochar-palygorskite composite (BC/PAL) was synthesized and applied in the remediation of soil polluted by heavy metals. The efficiency of BC/PAL on the soil physicochemical property, the bioavailability and chemical fraction of Cd and Pb in the soil, the growth of the plants and heavy metals accumulation in maize ( Zea mays L.) were investigated by pot and incubation experiments. The data show that BC/PAL can greatly enhance the stability of Cd and Pb, facilitating their transition from labile to stable components. And the composite can also reduce the CaCl 2 -extractable Cd and Pb with a maximum reduction efficiency of 57.76% and 42.81%, respectively. The fresh weight of corn seedlings had a more than sevenfold increase and the accumulation of Cd and Pb in shoot and root parts decreased significantly. BC/PAL can effectively improve the contents of soil available nutrients, soil enzyme activity, and organic carbon content. It can significantly reduce the bioavailability and ecotoxicity of Cd and Pb in the soil. The biochar-palygorskite composites can be further investigated as an efficient","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2105_41954212
Y.H. YANG, X.Y. ZHANG, J. CHEN, T.L. QIN, S. XU, J. LU, H.X. LIU, H.Y. GAO
. The Yellow River Source Area (YRSA) in China is an important water yield and water conservation area in the Yellow River basin. Alterations in climate and landscape patterns have had a significant impact on the water yield and conservation services of the YRSA. In this study, we used a modified parameter water yield module of the InVEST model to calculate water yield and a modified equation to calculate water conservation in order to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in water yield and water conservation services in the YRSA from 2000 to 2020. The results show that water yield and water conservation in the YRSA increased at rates of 14.72 mm/5a and 10.03 mm/5a, respectively, from 2000 to 2020, and both showed a decreasing pattern from southeast to northwest. Precipitation is the main driving factor of water ecosystem services in the YRSA. An appropriate increase in vegetation coverage is conducive to an increase in water yield and water conservation, and an increase in grassland and forest area has a positive impact on water yield and water conservation services. This study provides insights into high-quality development and water resource protection in the YRSA.
{"title":"EVOLUTION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF WATER YIELD AND WATER CONSERVATION SERVICES IN THE YELLOW RIVER SOURCE AREA FROM 2000 TO 2020","authors":"Y.H. YANG, X.Y. ZHANG, J. CHEN, T.L. QIN, S. XU, J. LU, H.X. LIU, H.Y. GAO","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2105_41954212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2105_41954212","url":null,"abstract":". The Yellow River Source Area (YRSA) in China is an important water yield and water conservation area in the Yellow River basin. Alterations in climate and landscape patterns have had a significant impact on the water yield and conservation services of the YRSA. In this study, we used a modified parameter water yield module of the InVEST model to calculate water yield and a modified equation to calculate water conservation in order to evaluate the spatiotemporal changes in water yield and water conservation services in the YRSA from 2000 to 2020. The results show that water yield and water conservation in the YRSA increased at rates of 14.72 mm/5a and 10.03 mm/5a, respectively, from 2000 to 2020, and both showed a decreasing pattern from southeast to northwest. Precipitation is the main driving factor of water ecosystem services in the YRSA. An appropriate increase in vegetation coverage is conducive to an increase in water yield and water conservation, and an increase in grassland and forest area has a positive impact on water yield and water conservation services. This study provides insights into high-quality development and water resource protection in the YRSA.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136307020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala is an entomopathogenic fungus that infects wasps. In this report, the in vitro growth characteristics of Vietnamese Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala collected in Bidoup, Nui Ba, Lam Dong, Vietnam were investigated. The bioactivities of the cultivated mycelium were also studied. The data showed that O. sphecocephala had higher yield of mycelium in mushroom complete medium (MCM), malt yeast medium (MY) and Sabouraud dextrose and yeast extract medium (SDY). Yeast extract and silkworm pupa powder were the preferred nitrogen sources. Besides, O. sphecocephala could utilize various forms of hexoses such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, and starch as the carbon sources. The optimal pH for the growth of O. sphecocephala was 6.0. The ethanol extract of O. sphecocephala exhibited several bioactivities: the capacity to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and the cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (the breast cancer cell line), HeLa (the cervical cancer cell line), Hepa G2 (the liver cancer cell line), Jurkat (the leukemia cell line) and NCI H460 (the lung cancer cell line) with the highest effect on MCF-7, and the lowest effect on NCI H460. Our finding thus demonstrated a potential of employing O. sphecocephala mycelium in pharmacology.
{"title":"IN VITRO GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS AND BIOACTIVITIES OF THE CULTIVATED MYCELIUM OF OPHIOCORDYCEPS SPHECOCEPHALA FROM VIETNAM","authors":"T.P.T. DOAN, V.H. NGUYEN, B. SHRESTHA, T.T.H. TRAN, T.T.H. TRAN, T.M. NGUYEN","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2105_48974910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2105_48974910","url":null,"abstract":". Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala is an entomopathogenic fungus that infects wasps. In this report, the in vitro growth characteristics of Vietnamese Ophiocordyceps sphecocephala collected in Bidoup, Nui Ba, Lam Dong, Vietnam were investigated. The bioactivities of the cultivated mycelium were also studied. The data showed that O. sphecocephala had higher yield of mycelium in mushroom complete medium (MCM), malt yeast medium (MY) and Sabouraud dextrose and yeast extract medium (SDY). Yeast extract and silkworm pupa powder were the preferred nitrogen sources. Besides, O. sphecocephala could utilize various forms of hexoses such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, lactose, maltose, and starch as the carbon sources. The optimal pH for the growth of O. sphecocephala was 6.0. The ethanol extract of O. sphecocephala exhibited several bioactivities: the capacity to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, the inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and the cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (the breast cancer cell line), HeLa (the cervical cancer cell line), Hepa G2 (the liver cancer cell line), Jurkat (the leukemia cell line) and NCI H460 (the lung cancer cell line) with the highest effect on MCF-7, and the lowest effect on NCI H460. Our finding thus demonstrated a potential of employing O. sphecocephala mycelium in pharmacology.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135003869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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