Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2102_17891804
M. M. Alqahtani
. The biodiversity of 11 fern populations representing nine species belonging to three families ( Aspleniaceae , Adiantaceae , and Pteridaceae ) was evaluated using morphological variations and molecular polymorphism generated by 12 ISSR primers. Substantial variations were scored in 16 morphological characters and reflected in the cluster analysis of the examined accessions based on morphological variation. In the phylogenetic relationships generated based on ISSR polymorphism and morphological variations, the three Cheilanthes species clustered with Asplenium adiantum nigrum and were delimited from other species, which supports that A. adiantum nigrum may be related to Cheilanthes species. In the meantime, the two populations of Asplenium ceterach and the two populations of Asplenium aethiopicum were differentiated as one cluster. These results are congruent with the cluster based on the analysis of ISSR data except for the association of Adiantum capillus veneris and Asplenium trichomanes , which revealed that A. trichomanes may be related to Adiantum capillus veneris . Also, these results were confirmed by the tree obtained based on the Elucedine coefficient and with the population grouping based on principal component analysis (PCA) using the PAST program. Also, Online Marker Efficiency Calculator (iMEC) supports the use of ISSR markers for examining the genetic diversity across fern genotypes.
{"title":"BIODIVERSITY OF SOME PTERIDOPHYTES SPECIES AND THEIR MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS FROM THE SOUTHWEST OF SAUDI ARABIA","authors":"M. M. Alqahtani","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2102_17891804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2102_17891804","url":null,"abstract":". The biodiversity of 11 fern populations representing nine species belonging to three families ( Aspleniaceae , Adiantaceae , and Pteridaceae ) was evaluated using morphological variations and molecular polymorphism generated by 12 ISSR primers. Substantial variations were scored in 16 morphological characters and reflected in the cluster analysis of the examined accessions based on morphological variation. In the phylogenetic relationships generated based on ISSR polymorphism and morphological variations, the three Cheilanthes species clustered with Asplenium adiantum nigrum and were delimited from other species, which supports that A. adiantum nigrum may be related to Cheilanthes species. In the meantime, the two populations of Asplenium ceterach and the two populations of Asplenium aethiopicum were differentiated as one cluster. These results are congruent with the cluster based on the analysis of ISSR data except for the association of Adiantum capillus veneris and Asplenium trichomanes , which revealed that A. trichomanes may be related to Adiantum capillus veneris . Also, these results were confirmed by the tree obtained based on the Elucedine coefficient and with the population grouping based on principal component analysis (PCA) using the PAST program. Also, Online Marker Efficiency Calculator (iMEC) supports the use of ISSR markers for examining the genetic diversity across fern genotypes.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835
S. Jaafar, M. Suhaimi, N. A. Maznan, C. Safuan, C. Tan, M. Yucharoen, J. Saidin, Z. Bachok
. Coral reefs in Southeast Asia are becoming progressively degraded due to the natural and anthropogenic disturbances which lead to poor water quality threatening the reefs’ health. Coral disease is one of the threats to the coral reefs worldwide but research on coral disease in Southeast Asia is relatively scarce especially on bacterial community associated with the disease. The destructive coral black band disease (BBD) can be found widely in the southern region of the South China Sea, Malaysia. This study aims to compare the microbial communities of healthy and BBD-infected coral tissue from two different coral species Montipora turtlensis and Acropora spicifera collected at the Shark Point of Pulau Redang, Terengganu. The bacterial isolated from corals nubbins were examined by combining culture-dependent method and bacterial sequencing of 16S rDNA. A total of 18 bacteria isolates were identified from both species of coral tissue samples prior to sub-culturing colonies samples. The sequences detected were derived from a wide taxonomic range, including representatives of Actinobacteria, Furmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. Bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria were further divided into alpha and gammaproteobacteria. Most of the bacteria identified can be found on healthy and BBD-affected coral tissue samples; however, there are few bacteria which can be only found on BBD-affected tissue of respective coral species such as Lelliottia sp., Salnicola salarius and Microbacterium petrolearium for M. turtlensis while Pseudomonas stutzeri and Erythrobacter sp. for A. spicifera.
{"title":"ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES FROM CORAL TISSUE AFFECTED BY BLACK BAND DISEASE AT PULAU REDANG, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA","authors":"S. Jaafar, M. Suhaimi, N. A. Maznan, C. Safuan, C. Tan, M. Yucharoen, J. Saidin, Z. Bachok","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835","url":null,"abstract":". Coral reefs in Southeast Asia are becoming progressively degraded due to the natural and anthropogenic disturbances which lead to poor water quality threatening the reefs’ health. Coral disease is one of the threats to the coral reefs worldwide but research on coral disease in Southeast Asia is relatively scarce especially on bacterial community associated with the disease. The destructive coral black band disease (BBD) can be found widely in the southern region of the South China Sea, Malaysia. This study aims to compare the microbial communities of healthy and BBD-infected coral tissue from two different coral species Montipora turtlensis and Acropora spicifera collected at the Shark Point of Pulau Redang, Terengganu. The bacterial isolated from corals nubbins were examined by combining culture-dependent method and bacterial sequencing of 16S rDNA. A total of 18 bacteria isolates were identified from both species of coral tissue samples prior to sub-culturing colonies samples. The sequences detected were derived from a wide taxonomic range, including representatives of Actinobacteria, Furmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. Bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria were further divided into alpha and gammaproteobacteria. Most of the bacteria identified can be found on healthy and BBD-affected coral tissue samples; however, there are few bacteria which can be only found on BBD-affected tissue of respective coral species such as Lelliottia sp., Salnicola salarius and Microbacterium petrolearium for M. turtlensis while Pseudomonas stutzeri and Erythrobacter sp. for A. spicifera.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867
K. Anjali, A. Balasubramanian, S. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramah, P. Boominathan, C.N. HARI PRASATH
{"title":"MICROBIAL POPULATION ECOLOGY UNDER TEAK (TECTONA GRANDIS LINN. F.) FERTIGATION RESEARCH TRIAL IN FARM CONDITIONS OF WESTERN TAMIL NADU","authors":"K. Anjali, A. Balasubramanian, S. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramah, P. Boominathan, C.N. HARI PRASATH","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_19791989
R. Yunita, P. H. Sinaga, E. Lestari, I. Dewi, R. Purnamaningsih, Mastur
. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield stability, adaptability, and agronomic traits of 10 saline-tolerant mutant rice lines at six locations with diverse saline conditions in Indonesia. This research was conducted in six saline soil locations, with the electrical conductivity (EC) ranging from 6.2 to 12.7 dSm -1 ). The field experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with rice genotype as the factor. Each experimental unit was 4 m x 5 m of plots. The genotype treatment consisted of ten lines of salinity-tolerant mutant rice and four control varieties. Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 Salin agritan were the tolerant control varieties. The parent-control varieties were Ciherang (sensitive) and Inpari 13 (moderate). Each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed five mutant lines, namely CH-1, CH-2, CH-3, II-13-14, and II-13-78, were confirmed as being adaptive to saline environments. Two mutant lines (CH-1 and II-13-78) had high average productivity (>7 tons ha -1 ) and potential yields (>8.5 tons ha -1 ) that were significantly different from the parents and control saline-tolerant varieties. Supported by good agronomic characteristics, those two mutant lines have the potential to be released as new rice varieties tolerant to salinity.
{"title":"YIELD AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF SALINETOLERANT RICE MUTANT LINES","authors":"R. Yunita, P. H. Sinaga, E. Lestari, I. Dewi, R. Purnamaningsih, Mastur","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_19791989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_19791989","url":null,"abstract":". The purpose of this study was to determine the yield stability, adaptability, and agronomic traits of 10 saline-tolerant mutant rice lines at six locations with diverse saline conditions in Indonesia. This research was conducted in six saline soil locations, with the electrical conductivity (EC) ranging from 6.2 to 12.7 dSm -1 ). The field experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with rice genotype as the factor. Each experimental unit was 4 m x 5 m of plots. The genotype treatment consisted of ten lines of salinity-tolerant mutant rice and four control varieties. Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 Salin agritan were the tolerant control varieties. The parent-control varieties were Ciherang (sensitive) and Inpari 13 (moderate). Each treatment was replicated three times. The results showed five mutant lines, namely CH-1, CH-2, CH-3, II-13-14, and II-13-78, were confirmed as being adaptive to saline environments. Two mutant lines (CH-1 and II-13-78) had high average productivity (>7 tons ha -1 ) and potential yields (>8.5 tons ha -1 ) that were significantly different from the parents and control saline-tolerant varieties. Supported by good agronomic characteristics, those two mutant lines have the potential to be released as new rice varieties tolerant to salinity.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_21572171
H. Xu, H. Qin, H. Li, Z. Zhu
. This study takes Xuzhou Quanshan District of China as the research object, firstly, the two-step floating catchment area method was used to evaluate the green space supply level; and then, Gini coefficient and Lorentz curve were used to evaluate the spatial distribution fairness of urban green space; finally, the optimization layout strategy was put forward in three stages. The results showed that: 1) the green space supply of different sub-district varies greatly, the supply level in the south is higher than that in the north. There are three sub-districts lower than the standard of 5.5 m 2 /person. 2) The average supply of green space in 453 residential areas is 12.66 m 2 /person, as many as 68.3% of the residential areas did not meet the 14.6 m 2 /person, of which 181 residential areas were less than 5.5 m 2 /person, accounting for 40.0% of the total. 3) The Gini coefficient of the distribution of green space in 453 residential areas has reached 0.3659, which is close to the warning level. 4) After the optimization layouts, a total of 243.792 hm 2 of green space was added. The residential-level Gini coefficient was reduced by 31.7% to 0.2499, meanwhile the Gini coefficient of each sub-district was less than 0.4.
{"title":"RESEARCH ON SUPPLY FAIRNESS EVALUATION AND OPTIMIZED LAYOUT OF URBAN GREEN SPACE IN XUZHOU QUANSHAN DISTRICT, CHINA","authors":"H. Xu, H. Qin, H. Li, Z. Zhu","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_21572171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_21572171","url":null,"abstract":". This study takes Xuzhou Quanshan District of China as the research object, firstly, the two-step floating catchment area method was used to evaluate the green space supply level; and then, Gini coefficient and Lorentz curve were used to evaluate the spatial distribution fairness of urban green space; finally, the optimization layout strategy was put forward in three stages. The results showed that: 1) the green space supply of different sub-district varies greatly, the supply level in the south is higher than that in the north. There are three sub-districts lower than the standard of 5.5 m 2 /person. 2) The average supply of green space in 453 residential areas is 12.66 m 2 /person, as many as 68.3% of the residential areas did not meet the 14.6 m 2 /person, of which 181 residential areas were less than 5.5 m 2 /person, accounting for 40.0% of the total. 3) The Gini coefficient of the distribution of green space in 453 residential areas has reached 0.3659, which is close to the warning level. 4) After the optimization layouts, a total of 243.792 hm 2 of green space was added. The residential-level Gini coefficient was reduced by 31.7% to 0.2499, meanwhile the Gini coefficient of each sub-district was less than 0.4.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505
X. Shen, C. Jiang, Y.Q. Xu, X.F. Wu, S. Wang, S. Xie
. Sorghum varieties J67 and Jiniang 2 nd (JN2) were used as test materials in this experiment. Regression analysis and multivariate comparison were used to explore the relationship between sorghum yield, quality and climate factors in different sowing dates, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of sorghum adaptability in Jiangxi region, China. The results showed that the inter annual, sowing date and sorghum yield reached significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant level (P < 0.01), respectively. The yield of J67 and JN2 was the highest on the 25 th April, and 5 th May, respectively, and the average yield was 34.67% and 11.85% higher than that of other sowing dates. The content of protein, fat and starch increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date. The relationship between effective precipitation and yield is linear function, while the relationship between effective temperature, daily average temperature, sunshine hours and yield is quadratic function. In addition, the climate factor that has the greatest impact on the quality is the daily average temperature, while the hours of sunshine have the least impact. The results showed that suitable sowing date was the key to the formation of sorghum yield and grain quality.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON SORGHUM YIELD AND QUALITY AT DIFFERENT SOWING DATES IN JIANGXI PROVINCE, CHINA","authors":"X. Shen, C. Jiang, Y.Q. Xu, X.F. Wu, S. Wang, S. Xie","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505","url":null,"abstract":". Sorghum varieties J67 and Jiniang 2 nd (JN2) were used as test materials in this experiment. Regression analysis and multivariate comparison were used to explore the relationship between sorghum yield, quality and climate factors in different sowing dates, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of sorghum adaptability in Jiangxi region, China. The results showed that the inter annual, sowing date and sorghum yield reached significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant level (P < 0.01), respectively. The yield of J67 and JN2 was the highest on the 25 th April, and 5 th May, respectively, and the average yield was 34.67% and 11.85% higher than that of other sowing dates. The content of protein, fat and starch increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date. The relationship between effective precipitation and yield is linear function, while the relationship between effective temperature, daily average temperature, sunshine hours and yield is quadratic function. In addition, the climate factor that has the greatest impact on the quality is the daily average temperature, while the hours of sunshine have the least impact. The results showed that suitable sowing date was the key to the formation of sorghum yield and grain quality.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67129975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832
F. Xiao, B. Zhou, M. Duan, X. Chen
. In order to explore the effects of different remediation methods on the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and enzyme activity in oil-contaminated soil, a study was conducted using six different treatments, including adding rhamnolipid (S), organic fertilizer (F), degradation bacteria (J), rhamnolipid + degrading bacteria (SJ), organic fertilizer + rhamnolipid (SF), and organic fertilizer + degradation bacteria (FJ), to remediate the oil-contaminated soil. The study examined the changes in the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the activity of four soil enzymes (urease, peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and lipase) at different cultivation times. The results showed that after 60 days of remediation, all treatments improved the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The best result was achieved with the FJ treatment, with a degradation rate of 31.72%. The enzyme activity in all treatments was significantly higher than that of the control at different cultivation periods. Statistical analysis showed that the activity of urease, peroxidase, and lipase was significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The activity of dehydrogenase was highly significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil.
{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT REMEDIATION METHODS ON THE DEGRADATION RATE OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON AND ENZYME ACTIVITY IN PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL","authors":"F. Xiao, B. Zhou, M. Duan, X. Chen","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832","url":null,"abstract":". In order to explore the effects of different remediation methods on the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and enzyme activity in oil-contaminated soil, a study was conducted using six different treatments, including adding rhamnolipid (S), organic fertilizer (F), degradation bacteria (J), rhamnolipid + degrading bacteria (SJ), organic fertilizer + rhamnolipid (SF), and organic fertilizer + degradation bacteria (FJ), to remediate the oil-contaminated soil. The study examined the changes in the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the activity of four soil enzymes (urease, peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and lipase) at different cultivation times. The results showed that after 60 days of remediation, all treatments improved the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The best result was achieved with the FJ treatment, with a degradation rate of 31.72%. The enzyme activity in all treatments was significantly higher than that of the control at different cultivation periods. Statistical analysis showed that the activity of urease, peroxidase, and lipase was significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The activity of dehydrogenase was highly significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968
M. Sufyan, U. Daraz, R. Iqbal, R. Roy, F. Rafiq, M. S. Shafique, M. Zafar, W. Soufan, T. K. Faraj, A. Kumari, A. Ditta, N. Kadry, A. El Sabagh
. Cadmium (Cd) is a water-soluble metal pollutant that is not required for plants, but its mobility in the soil-plant continuum has lately attracted substantial interest due to its harmful effects on plants. It may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to inhibiting cotton growth. Thereby, the present study was conducted to explore the effect of different concentrations of Cd on the growth, morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties. Understanding the morphological, biochemical, and physiological responses to Cd stress is necessary for a holistic approach to plant resistance mechanisms to Cd stress. A net house experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and adaptation mechanism of G. hirsutum varieties (V 1 : KL-MNH-142 and V 2 : KL-FH-886) with different sowing times (i.e., early and late) under Cd stress (250 µM, 500 µM, 750 µM, and 1000 µM). The results showed that Cd predominately accumulated in the root at a higher dose, which consequently led to a reduction in the root biomass. During the late sowing time, transpiration rate (1.01 ± 0.04) and stomatal gas exchange rate (0.01 ± 0.003) were recorded to be significantly decreased by the application of Cd at 1000 µM to variety V 2 (KL-MNH886) as compared to the early sowing interval and respective control (1.63 ± 0.06). Calcium contents (1.4 ± 0.5) in the root were decreased in the early sowing period in V 1 as compared to the late sowing period. Besides, the application of Cd (1000 µM) has significantly decreased root soluble sugar (0.13 ± 0.001) in V 1 under the late sowing period compared with the early sowing period and respective control. Cd not only led to the decrease in root anthocyanin but also changed the chlorophyll content. Our study proved that G. hirsutum has good tolerance to Cd stress during early time intervals as compared to the late time interval and is the best species for soil and ecological environment restoration.
{"title":"APPRAISAL ON MORPHOMETRY, GAS EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS, AND IONS UPTAKE UNDER CADMIUM STRESS IN EARLY- AND LATE-SOWN OF COTTON","authors":"M. Sufyan, U. Daraz, R. Iqbal, R. Roy, F. Rafiq, M. S. Shafique, M. Zafar, W. Soufan, T. K. Faraj, A. Kumari, A. Ditta, N. Kadry, A. El Sabagh","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968","url":null,"abstract":". Cadmium (Cd) is a water-soluble metal pollutant that is not required for plants, but its mobility in the soil-plant continuum has lately attracted substantial interest due to its harmful effects on plants. It may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to inhibiting cotton growth. Thereby, the present study was conducted to explore the effect of different concentrations of Cd on the growth, morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties. Understanding the morphological, biochemical, and physiological responses to Cd stress is necessary for a holistic approach to plant resistance mechanisms to Cd stress. A net house experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and adaptation mechanism of G. hirsutum varieties (V 1 : KL-MNH-142 and V 2 : KL-FH-886) with different sowing times (i.e., early and late) under Cd stress (250 µM, 500 µM, 750 µM, and 1000 µM). The results showed that Cd predominately accumulated in the root at a higher dose, which consequently led to a reduction in the root biomass. During the late sowing time, transpiration rate (1.01 ± 0.04) and stomatal gas exchange rate (0.01 ± 0.003) were recorded to be significantly decreased by the application of Cd at 1000 µM to variety V 2 (KL-MNH886) as compared to the early sowing interval and respective control (1.63 ± 0.06). Calcium contents (1.4 ± 0.5) in the root were decreased in the early sowing period in V 1 as compared to the late sowing period. Besides, the application of Cd (1000 µM) has significantly decreased root soluble sugar (0.13 ± 0.001) in V 1 under the late sowing period compared with the early sowing period and respective control. Cd not only led to the decrease in root anthocyanin but also changed the chlorophyll content. Our study proved that G. hirsutum has good tolerance to Cd stress during early time intervals as compared to the late time interval and is the best species for soil and ecological environment restoration.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122
H. Han, Y. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, J. Wang, T. Luo, Y. Zhang
. Under the interference of a series of strong human activities, such as the rapid expansion of built-up land and massive infrastructure construction, the issue of landscape fragmentation in mountain cities has become highlighted. Therefore, the city of Guiyang in southwestern China is selected as a representative of a typical mountain city in this study. Multiple landscape fragmentation indices and the human disturbance index (HDI) are used to analyze the response of the landscape to human disturbances in a mountain city. The results reveal that the gradient zone with a relatively flat topography is a significant region for the substantial changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices. The changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices are found to be similar in the gradient zone of the slope, topographic relief, and topographic position index, but different in each gradient zone of the elevation. Positive correlations are found between the HDI and the landscape fragmentation indices except largest patch index (LPI) in most terrain gradient zones. The research results can be used as important indicators of ecosystem monitoring in mountain cities and provide a scientific basis for the
{"title":"RESPONSE OF THE LANDSCAPE TO FRAGMENTATION DUE TO HUMAN DISTURBANCE IN A MOUNTAIN CITY: EVIDENCE FROM GUIYANG IN SOUTHWEST CHINA","authors":"H. Han, Y. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, J. Wang, T. Luo, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122","url":null,"abstract":". Under the interference of a series of strong human activities, such as the rapid expansion of built-up land and massive infrastructure construction, the issue of landscape fragmentation in mountain cities has become highlighted. Therefore, the city of Guiyang in southwestern China is selected as a representative of a typical mountain city in this study. Multiple landscape fragmentation indices and the human disturbance index (HDI) are used to analyze the response of the landscape to human disturbances in a mountain city. The results reveal that the gradient zone with a relatively flat topography is a significant region for the substantial changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices. The changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices are found to be similar in the gradient zone of the slope, topographic relief, and topographic position index, but different in each gradient zone of the elevation. Positive correlations are found between the HDI and the landscape fragmentation indices except largest patch index (LPI) in most terrain gradient zones. The research results can be used as important indicators of ecosystem monitoring in mountain cities and provide a scientific basis for the","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138
N. Nouri, M. Rachedi, A. Lazli, F. Samar
. This study aims to determine patterns of isotope discrimination between diet and blood and feathers in the common coot ( Fulica atra) in Lake Tonga, North-eastern Algeria, the first time in Algeria on the aquatic avifauna. For this purpose, we investigate the trophic position of the species looking for the seasonal variations in the diet. The stable isotope analysis of nitrogen and carbon was carried out to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the feeding ecology. After plotting the isotopic composition of all potential food sources in the mixing plot, consumed by the coat, whether it is on feathers or blood, the results revealed that the main source of the coot diet in all seasons is Najas pectinata , followed by Gambusia affinis. Whereas, for Nymphaea alba a stable contribution was recorded during both seasons (breeding and reproduction). The food selection of a species is predetermined by its ability to exploit its trophic space, on one hand, and specific nutritional requirements are also essential to various biological functions of the species concerned.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE ISOTOPIC ECOLOGICAL NICHE OF THE COMMON COOT FULICA ATRA (LAC TONGA, NORTHEASTERN ALGERIA)","authors":"N. Nouri, M. Rachedi, A. Lazli, F. Samar","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138","url":null,"abstract":". This study aims to determine patterns of isotope discrimination between diet and blood and feathers in the common coot ( Fulica atra) in Lake Tonga, North-eastern Algeria, the first time in Algeria on the aquatic avifauna. For this purpose, we investigate the trophic position of the species looking for the seasonal variations in the diet. The stable isotope analysis of nitrogen and carbon was carried out to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the feeding ecology. After plotting the isotopic composition of all potential food sources in the mixing plot, consumed by the coat, whether it is on feathers or blood, the results revealed that the main source of the coot diet in all seasons is Najas pectinata , followed by Gambusia affinis. Whereas, for Nymphaea alba a stable contribution was recorded during both seasons (breeding and reproduction). The food selection of a species is predetermined by its ability to exploit its trophic space, on one hand, and specific nutritional requirements are also essential to various biological functions of the species concerned.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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