Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505
X. Shen, C. Jiang, Y.Q. Xu, X.F. Wu, S. Wang, S. Xie
. Sorghum varieties J67 and Jiniang 2 nd (JN2) were used as test materials in this experiment. Regression analysis and multivariate comparison were used to explore the relationship between sorghum yield, quality and climate factors in different sowing dates, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of sorghum adaptability in Jiangxi region, China. The results showed that the inter annual, sowing date and sorghum yield reached significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant level (P < 0.01), respectively. The yield of J67 and JN2 was the highest on the 25 th April, and 5 th May, respectively, and the average yield was 34.67% and 11.85% higher than that of other sowing dates. The content of protein, fat and starch increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date. The relationship between effective precipitation and yield is linear function, while the relationship between effective temperature, daily average temperature, sunshine hours and yield is quadratic function. In addition, the climate factor that has the greatest impact on the quality is the daily average temperature, while the hours of sunshine have the least impact. The results showed that suitable sowing date was the key to the formation of sorghum yield and grain quality.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON SORGHUM YIELD AND QUALITY AT DIFFERENT SOWING DATES IN JIANGXI PROVINCE, CHINA","authors":"X. Shen, C. Jiang, Y.Q. Xu, X.F. Wu, S. Wang, S. Xie","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_24932505","url":null,"abstract":". Sorghum varieties J67 and Jiniang 2 nd (JN2) were used as test materials in this experiment. Regression analysis and multivariate comparison were used to explore the relationship between sorghum yield, quality and climate factors in different sowing dates, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of sorghum adaptability in Jiangxi region, China. The results showed that the inter annual, sowing date and sorghum yield reached significant (P < 0.05) and extremely significant level (P < 0.01), respectively. The yield of J67 and JN2 was the highest on the 25 th April, and 5 th May, respectively, and the average yield was 34.67% and 11.85% higher than that of other sowing dates. The content of protein, fat and starch increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date. The relationship between effective precipitation and yield is linear function, while the relationship between effective temperature, daily average temperature, sunshine hours and yield is quadratic function. In addition, the climate factor that has the greatest impact on the quality is the daily average temperature, while the hours of sunshine have the least impact. The results showed that suitable sowing date was the key to the formation of sorghum yield and grain quality.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67129975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832
F. Xiao, B. Zhou, M. Duan, X. Chen
. In order to explore the effects of different remediation methods on the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and enzyme activity in oil-contaminated soil, a study was conducted using six different treatments, including adding rhamnolipid (S), organic fertilizer (F), degradation bacteria (J), rhamnolipid + degrading bacteria (SJ), organic fertilizer + rhamnolipid (SF), and organic fertilizer + degradation bacteria (FJ), to remediate the oil-contaminated soil. The study examined the changes in the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the activity of four soil enzymes (urease, peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and lipase) at different cultivation times. The results showed that after 60 days of remediation, all treatments improved the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The best result was achieved with the FJ treatment, with a degradation rate of 31.72%. The enzyme activity in all treatments was significantly higher than that of the control at different cultivation periods. Statistical analysis showed that the activity of urease, peroxidase, and lipase was significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The activity of dehydrogenase was highly significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil.
{"title":"EFFECT OF DIFFERENT REMEDIATION METHODS ON THE DEGRADATION RATE OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON AND ENZYME ACTIVITY IN PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOIL","authors":"F. Xiao, B. Zhou, M. Duan, X. Chen","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_28192832","url":null,"abstract":". In order to explore the effects of different remediation methods on the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and enzyme activity in oil-contaminated soil, a study was conducted using six different treatments, including adding rhamnolipid (S), organic fertilizer (F), degradation bacteria (J), rhamnolipid + degrading bacteria (SJ), organic fertilizer + rhamnolipid (SF), and organic fertilizer + degradation bacteria (FJ), to remediate the oil-contaminated soil. The study examined the changes in the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons and the activity of four soil enzymes (urease, peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and lipase) at different cultivation times. The results showed that after 60 days of remediation, all treatments improved the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The best result was achieved with the FJ treatment, with a degradation rate of 31.72%. The enzyme activity in all treatments was significantly higher than that of the control at different cultivation periods. Statistical analysis showed that the activity of urease, peroxidase, and lipase was significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil. The activity of dehydrogenase was highly significantly negatively correlated with the residual rate of total petroleum hydrocarbons in the contaminated soil.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968
M. Sufyan, U. Daraz, R. Iqbal, R. Roy, F. Rafiq, M. S. Shafique, M. Zafar, W. Soufan, T. K. Faraj, A. Kumari, A. Ditta, N. Kadry, A. El Sabagh
. Cadmium (Cd) is a water-soluble metal pollutant that is not required for plants, but its mobility in the soil-plant continuum has lately attracted substantial interest due to its harmful effects on plants. It may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to inhibiting cotton growth. Thereby, the present study was conducted to explore the effect of different concentrations of Cd on the growth, morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties. Understanding the morphological, biochemical, and physiological responses to Cd stress is necessary for a holistic approach to plant resistance mechanisms to Cd stress. A net house experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and adaptation mechanism of G. hirsutum varieties (V 1 : KL-MNH-142 and V 2 : KL-FH-886) with different sowing times (i.e., early and late) under Cd stress (250 µM, 500 µM, 750 µM, and 1000 µM). The results showed that Cd predominately accumulated in the root at a higher dose, which consequently led to a reduction in the root biomass. During the late sowing time, transpiration rate (1.01 ± 0.04) and stomatal gas exchange rate (0.01 ± 0.003) were recorded to be significantly decreased by the application of Cd at 1000 µM to variety V 2 (KL-MNH886) as compared to the early sowing interval and respective control (1.63 ± 0.06). Calcium contents (1.4 ± 0.5) in the root were decreased in the early sowing period in V 1 as compared to the late sowing period. Besides, the application of Cd (1000 µM) has significantly decreased root soluble sugar (0.13 ± 0.001) in V 1 under the late sowing period compared with the early sowing period and respective control. Cd not only led to the decrease in root anthocyanin but also changed the chlorophyll content. Our study proved that G. hirsutum has good tolerance to Cd stress during early time intervals as compared to the late time interval and is the best species for soil and ecological environment restoration.
{"title":"APPRAISAL ON MORPHOMETRY, GAS EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS, AND IONS UPTAKE UNDER CADMIUM STRESS IN EARLY- AND LATE-SOWN OF COTTON","authors":"M. Sufyan, U. Daraz, R. Iqbal, R. Roy, F. Rafiq, M. S. Shafique, M. Zafar, W. Soufan, T. K. Faraj, A. Kumari, A. Ditta, N. Kadry, A. El Sabagh","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_29532968","url":null,"abstract":". Cadmium (Cd) is a water-soluble metal pollutant that is not required for plants, but its mobility in the soil-plant continuum has lately attracted substantial interest due to its harmful effects on plants. It may cause serious morphological and physiological abnormalities in addition to inhibiting cotton growth. Thereby, the present study was conducted to explore the effect of different concentrations of Cd on the growth, morphological, biochemical, and physiological processes of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties. Understanding the morphological, biochemical, and physiological responses to Cd stress is necessary for a holistic approach to plant resistance mechanisms to Cd stress. A net house experiment was conducted to investigate the growth and adaptation mechanism of G. hirsutum varieties (V 1 : KL-MNH-142 and V 2 : KL-FH-886) with different sowing times (i.e., early and late) under Cd stress (250 µM, 500 µM, 750 µM, and 1000 µM). The results showed that Cd predominately accumulated in the root at a higher dose, which consequently led to a reduction in the root biomass. During the late sowing time, transpiration rate (1.01 ± 0.04) and stomatal gas exchange rate (0.01 ± 0.003) were recorded to be significantly decreased by the application of Cd at 1000 µM to variety V 2 (KL-MNH886) as compared to the early sowing interval and respective control (1.63 ± 0.06). Calcium contents (1.4 ± 0.5) in the root were decreased in the early sowing period in V 1 as compared to the late sowing period. Besides, the application of Cd (1000 µM) has significantly decreased root soluble sugar (0.13 ± 0.001) in V 1 under the late sowing period compared with the early sowing period and respective control. Cd not only led to the decrease in root anthocyanin but also changed the chlorophyll content. Our study proved that G. hirsutum has good tolerance to Cd stress during early time intervals as compared to the late time interval and is the best species for soil and ecological environment restoration.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122
H. Han, Y. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, J. Wang, T. Luo, Y. Zhang
. Under the interference of a series of strong human activities, such as the rapid expansion of built-up land and massive infrastructure construction, the issue of landscape fragmentation in mountain cities has become highlighted. Therefore, the city of Guiyang in southwestern China is selected as a representative of a typical mountain city in this study. Multiple landscape fragmentation indices and the human disturbance index (HDI) are used to analyze the response of the landscape to human disturbances in a mountain city. The results reveal that the gradient zone with a relatively flat topography is a significant region for the substantial changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices. The changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices are found to be similar in the gradient zone of the slope, topographic relief, and topographic position index, but different in each gradient zone of the elevation. Positive correlations are found between the HDI and the landscape fragmentation indices except largest patch index (LPI) in most terrain gradient zones. The research results can be used as important indicators of ecosystem monitoring in mountain cities and provide a scientific basis for the
{"title":"RESPONSE OF THE LANDSCAPE TO FRAGMENTATION DUE TO HUMAN DISTURBANCE IN A MOUNTAIN CITY: EVIDENCE FROM GUIYANG IN SOUTHWEST CHINA","authors":"H. Han, Y. Wei, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, J. Wang, T. Luo, Y. Zhang","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_31093122","url":null,"abstract":". Under the interference of a series of strong human activities, such as the rapid expansion of built-up land and massive infrastructure construction, the issue of landscape fragmentation in mountain cities has become highlighted. Therefore, the city of Guiyang in southwestern China is selected as a representative of a typical mountain city in this study. Multiple landscape fragmentation indices and the human disturbance index (HDI) are used to analyze the response of the landscape to human disturbances in a mountain city. The results reveal that the gradient zone with a relatively flat topography is a significant region for the substantial changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices. The changes of the HDI and landscape fragmentation indices are found to be similar in the gradient zone of the slope, topographic relief, and topographic position index, but different in each gradient zone of the elevation. Positive correlations are found between the HDI and the landscape fragmentation indices except largest patch index (LPI) in most terrain gradient zones. The research results can be used as important indicators of ecosystem monitoring in mountain cities and provide a scientific basis for the","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138
N. Nouri, M. Rachedi, A. Lazli, F. Samar
. This study aims to determine patterns of isotope discrimination between diet and blood and feathers in the common coot ( Fulica atra) in Lake Tonga, North-eastern Algeria, the first time in Algeria on the aquatic avifauna. For this purpose, we investigate the trophic position of the species looking for the seasonal variations in the diet. The stable isotope analysis of nitrogen and carbon was carried out to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the feeding ecology. After plotting the isotopic composition of all potential food sources in the mixing plot, consumed by the coat, whether it is on feathers or blood, the results revealed that the main source of the coot diet in all seasons is Najas pectinata , followed by Gambusia affinis. Whereas, for Nymphaea alba a stable contribution was recorded during both seasons (breeding and reproduction). The food selection of a species is predetermined by its ability to exploit its trophic space, on one hand, and specific nutritional requirements are also essential to various biological functions of the species concerned.
{"title":"STUDY OF THE ISOTOPIC ECOLOGICAL NICHE OF THE COMMON COOT FULICA ATRA (LAC TONGA, NORTHEASTERN ALGERIA)","authors":"N. Nouri, M. Rachedi, A. Lazli, F. Samar","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_31233138","url":null,"abstract":". This study aims to determine patterns of isotope discrimination between diet and blood and feathers in the common coot ( Fulica atra) in Lake Tonga, North-eastern Algeria, the first time in Algeria on the aquatic avifauna. For this purpose, we investigate the trophic position of the species looking for the seasonal variations in the diet. The stable isotope analysis of nitrogen and carbon was carried out to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the feeding ecology. After plotting the isotopic composition of all potential food sources in the mixing plot, consumed by the coat, whether it is on feathers or blood, the results revealed that the main source of the coot diet in all seasons is Najas pectinata , followed by Gambusia affinis. Whereas, for Nymphaea alba a stable contribution was recorded during both seasons (breeding and reproduction). The food selection of a species is predetermined by its ability to exploit its trophic space, on one hand, and specific nutritional requirements are also essential to various biological functions of the species concerned.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_32233241
Z. Wang, Z. Gai, T. Yang, J. Zhai, Z. Wu, X. Guo, X. Chen, J. Sun, P. Jiao, Z. Li
. Populus euphratica ( Pe ) and Populus pruinosa ( Pp ) are important dominant species for maintaining ecological balance in desert and arid areas. Understanding the distribution of potentially suitable areas of Pe and Pp in arid areas is of great significance for the protection and restoration of natural Pe and Pp forests. The optimized MaxEnt was used to reconstruct and predict the potential suitable areas of Pe and Pp in China, and calculate the migration of distribution center points. The results showed that (1) the geographical distribution of Pe was mainly affected by coldest month minimum temperature (Bio6), mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter (Bio10). The geographical distribution of Pp was mainly affected by coldest month minimum temperature (Bio6), temperature Annual Range (Bio7); (2) under the current climatic scenarios, the potential suitable areas of Pe and Pp in China are 141.16 × 10 4 km 2 and 172.25 × 10 4 km 2 ;(3) The niche overlap D and I values of Pe and Pp were 0.533 and 0.775 respectively; (4) under the future climate scenario, the potential high-fitness area of Pe and Pp would shift to higher latitudes. Our research provides a scientific basis for the long-term protection and management of these rare natural resources.
． 胡杨(Populus euphratica, Pe)和白杨(Populus pruinosa, Pp)是荒漠干旱区维持生态平衡的重要优势种。了解干旱区潜在适宜区Pe、Pp的分布对天然Pe、Pp林的保护和恢复具有重要意义。利用优化后的MaxEnt对中国Pe和Pp的潜在适宜区进行了重构和预测，并计算了分布中心点的偏移量。结果表明:(1)Pe的地理分布主要受最冷月最低气温(Bio6)和最暖季平均气温(Bio10)的影响。Pp的地理分布主要受最冷月最低气温(Bio6)、气温年差(Bio7)的影响;(2)在当前气候情景下，中国Pe和Pp的潜在适宜面积分别为141.16 × 10.4 km 2和172.25 × 10.4 km 2;(3) Pe和Pp的生态位重叠D值和I值分别为0.533和0.775;(4)在未来气候情景下，Pe和Pp的潜在高适宜区将向高纬度地区转移。我们的研究为这些珍稀自然资源的长期保护和管理提供了科学依据。
{"title":"PREDICTION OF THE DISTRIBUTION AREA AND ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES OF POPULUS EUPHRATICA AND POPULUS PRUINOSA IN CHINA BASED ON THE OPTIMIZED MAXENT MODEL","authors":"Z. Wang, Z. Gai, T. Yang, J. Zhai, Z. Wu, X. Guo, X. Chen, J. Sun, P. Jiao, Z. Li","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_32233241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_32233241","url":null,"abstract":". Populus euphratica ( Pe ) and Populus pruinosa ( Pp ) are important dominant species for maintaining ecological balance in desert and arid areas. Understanding the distribution of potentially suitable areas of Pe and Pp in arid areas is of great significance for the protection and restoration of natural Pe and Pp forests. The optimized MaxEnt was used to reconstruct and predict the potential suitable areas of Pe and Pp in China, and calculate the migration of distribution center points. The results showed that (1) the geographical distribution of Pe was mainly affected by coldest month minimum temperature (Bio6), mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter (Bio10). The geographical distribution of Pp was mainly affected by coldest month minimum temperature (Bio6), temperature Annual Range (Bio7); (2) under the current climatic scenarios, the potential suitable areas of Pe and Pp in China are 141.16 × 10 4 km 2 and 172.25 × 10 4 km 2 ;(3) The niche overlap D and I values of Pe and Pp were 0.533 and 0.775 respectively; (4) under the future climate scenario, the potential high-fitness area of Pe and Pp would shift to higher latitudes. Our research provides a scientific basis for the long-term protection and management of these rare natural resources.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67131917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2104_33913401
N. Khatoon, N. Ullah, A. Sarwar, S. ur Rahman, A. Khan, T. Aziz, M. Alharbi, A. Alshammari
. Proteases have received a lot of attention in recent years thanks to their use in a variety of industries, including the food, feed, leather, textile, and pharmaceutical sectors. The soil sample from a cold climate was used in the current experimental study of protease production. In order to identify the protease-producing bacterial species, morphological, physiological, and biochemical analyses were carried out, and the isolated bacterial strain’s ability to produce proteases on skim milk agar was assessed. As a result of casein hydrolysis, a zone formed surrounding the bacterial colony suggested a protease-positive strain. To increase the production of protease by isolated Bacillus species, various sources of nitrogen and carbon were examined. Yeast extract (309.32 IU/ml) was the nitrogen source that supported growth the best among the other sources studied, and fructose (269.4 IU/ml) was the carbon source that produced the most protease activity. The fermentation time of 72 h (393.7033 IU/ml) was anticipated to be the best setting for protease synthesis. When 2% (w/v) soybean meal was employed, protease activity was measured at 494.92 IU/ml. The influence of pH was investigated, and it was discovered that 7.5 was the best and optimal pH for Bacillus species to produce 511 IU/ml of protease. When the temperature range was discovered to be 40°C, the highest protease activity of 542.93 IU/ml was recorded.
{"title":"ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PROTEASEPRODUCING BACILLUS STRAIN FROM COLD CLIMATE SOIL AND OPTIMIZATION OF ITS PRODUCTION BY APPLYING DIFFERENT FERMENTATION CONDITIONS","authors":"N. Khatoon, N. Ullah, A. Sarwar, S. ur Rahman, A. Khan, T. Aziz, M. Alharbi, A. Alshammari","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2104_33913401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2104_33913401","url":null,"abstract":". Proteases have received a lot of attention in recent years thanks to their use in a variety of industries, including the food, feed, leather, textile, and pharmaceutical sectors. The soil sample from a cold climate was used in the current experimental study of protease production. In order to identify the protease-producing bacterial species, morphological, physiological, and biochemical analyses were carried out, and the isolated bacterial strain’s ability to produce proteases on skim milk agar was assessed. As a result of casein hydrolysis, a zone formed surrounding the bacterial colony suggested a protease-positive strain. To increase the production of protease by isolated Bacillus species, various sources of nitrogen and carbon were examined. Yeast extract (309.32 IU/ml) was the nitrogen source that supported growth the best among the other sources studied, and fructose (269.4 IU/ml) was the carbon source that produced the most protease activity. The fermentation time of 72 h (393.7033 IU/ml) was anticipated to be the best setting for protease synthesis. When 2% (w/v) soybean meal was employed, protease activity was measured at 494.92 IU/ml. The influence of pH was investigated, and it was discovered that 7.5 was the best and optimal pH for Bacillus species to produce 511 IU/ml of protease. When the temperature range was discovered to be 40°C, the highest protease activity of 542.93 IU/ml was recorded.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67132170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2102_15331547
N. Turfan
. The present study was carried out in order to reveal the effects of exogen melatonin (50MT: 50 µM - 100 MT: 100 µM) treatment on the growth rate characteristic and bioactive compound content variations of three spinach cultivars (Acosta-ACO; Anlani-ANL, and Matador-MTR, respectively) grown under cold conditions. While MTR was the richest variety in terms of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content, ANL was the richest variety in terms of Chl a to Chl b ratio, and xanthophyll content. Ascorbic acid and protein concentration were stimulated by MT in all three variants, but ANL had the highest value. While the proline content of cultivars decreased with only 50 MT in ACO when compared to the control, GB content decreased in MT doses. RWC increased with MT in ANL, whereas it caused to a decrease in RWC of 100 MT in ACO and 50 MT in MTR. MDA concentration was at a lower level and decreased only in ACO with 50 MT when compared to the control, while the H 2 O 2 concentration was higher at MT doses in all three species. MT treatment stimulated SOD activity in ACO and ANL and increased POD activity in all three variants. Considering the growth characteristics such as root/stem length, leaf characteristics, and biomass, exogenous MT doses had positive effects on all three cultivars. These findings suggest that foliar MT treatment can attenuate cold damage by enhancing the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity of spinach seedlings, as well as the growth rate.
{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS MELATONIN APPLICATION ON GROWTH RATE PARAMETERS AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF SOME SPINACH CULTIVARS (SPINACIA OLERACEA L.) GROWN UNDER WINTER CONDITIONS","authors":"N. Turfan","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2102_15331547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2102_15331547","url":null,"abstract":". The present study was carried out in order to reveal the effects of exogen melatonin (50MT: 50 µM - 100 MT: 100 µM) treatment on the growth rate characteristic and bioactive compound content variations of three spinach cultivars (Acosta-ACO; Anlani-ANL, and Matador-MTR, respectively) grown under cold conditions. While MTR was the richest variety in terms of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content, ANL was the richest variety in terms of Chl a to Chl b ratio, and xanthophyll content. Ascorbic acid and protein concentration were stimulated by MT in all three variants, but ANL had the highest value. While the proline content of cultivars decreased with only 50 MT in ACO when compared to the control, GB content decreased in MT doses. RWC increased with MT in ANL, whereas it caused to a decrease in RWC of 100 MT in ACO and 50 MT in MTR. MDA concentration was at a lower level and decreased only in ACO with 50 MT when compared to the control, while the H 2 O 2 concentration was higher at MT doses in all three species. MT treatment stimulated SOD activity in ACO and ANL and increased POD activity in all three variants. Considering the growth characteristics such as root/stem length, leaf characteristics, and biomass, exogenous MT doses had positive effects on all three cultivars. These findings suggest that foliar MT treatment can attenuate cold damage by enhancing the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity of spinach seedlings, as well as the growth rate.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67126948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835
S. Jaafar, M. Suhaimi, N. A. Maznan, C. Safuan, C. Tan, M. Yucharoen, J. Saidin, Z. Bachok
. Coral reefs in Southeast Asia are becoming progressively degraded due to the natural and anthropogenic disturbances which lead to poor water quality threatening the reefs’ health. Coral disease is one of the threats to the coral reefs worldwide but research on coral disease in Southeast Asia is relatively scarce especially on bacterial community associated with the disease. The destructive coral black band disease (BBD) can be found widely in the southern region of the South China Sea, Malaysia. This study aims to compare the microbial communities of healthy and BBD-infected coral tissue from two different coral species Montipora turtlensis and Acropora spicifera collected at the Shark Point of Pulau Redang, Terengganu. The bacterial isolated from corals nubbins were examined by combining culture-dependent method and bacterial sequencing of 16S rDNA. A total of 18 bacteria isolates were identified from both species of coral tissue samples prior to sub-culturing colonies samples. The sequences detected were derived from a wide taxonomic range, including representatives of Actinobacteria, Furmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. Bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria were further divided into alpha and gammaproteobacteria. Most of the bacteria identified can be found on healthy and BBD-affected coral tissue samples; however, there are few bacteria which can be only found on BBD-affected tissue of respective coral species such as Lelliottia sp., Salnicola salarius and Microbacterium petrolearium for M. turtlensis while Pseudomonas stutzeri and Erythrobacter sp. for A. spicifera.
{"title":"ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES FROM CORAL TISSUE AFFECTED BY BLACK BAND DISEASE AT PULAU REDANG, TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA","authors":"S. Jaafar, M. Suhaimi, N. A. Maznan, C. Safuan, C. Tan, M. Yucharoen, J. Saidin, Z. Bachok","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2102_18231835","url":null,"abstract":". Coral reefs in Southeast Asia are becoming progressively degraded due to the natural and anthropogenic disturbances which lead to poor water quality threatening the reefs’ health. Coral disease is one of the threats to the coral reefs worldwide but research on coral disease in Southeast Asia is relatively scarce especially on bacterial community associated with the disease. The destructive coral black band disease (BBD) can be found widely in the southern region of the South China Sea, Malaysia. This study aims to compare the microbial communities of healthy and BBD-infected coral tissue from two different coral species Montipora turtlensis and Acropora spicifera collected at the Shark Point of Pulau Redang, Terengganu. The bacterial isolated from corals nubbins were examined by combining culture-dependent method and bacterial sequencing of 16S rDNA. A total of 18 bacteria isolates were identified from both species of coral tissue samples prior to sub-culturing colonies samples. The sequences detected were derived from a wide taxonomic range, including representatives of Actinobacteria, Furmicutes and Proteobacteria phyla. Bacteria belonging to the phyla Proteobacteria were further divided into alpha and gammaproteobacteria. Most of the bacteria identified can be found on healthy and BBD-affected coral tissue samples; however, there are few bacteria which can be only found on BBD-affected tissue of respective coral species such as Lelliottia sp., Salnicola salarius and Microbacterium petrolearium for M. turtlensis while Pseudomonas stutzeri and Erythrobacter sp. for A. spicifera.","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867
K. Anjali, A. Balasubramanian, S. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramah, P. Boominathan, C.N. HARI PRASATH
{"title":"MICROBIAL POPULATION ECOLOGY UNDER TEAK (TECTONA GRANDIS LINN. F.) FERTIGATION RESEARCH TRIAL IN FARM CONDITIONS OF WESTERN TAMIL NADU","authors":"K. Anjali, A. Balasubramanian, S. Radhakrishnan, K. Ramah, P. Boominathan, C.N. HARI PRASATH","doi":"10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2103_18551867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7975,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67128473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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