Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388568
M. Gressel, T. Fischbach
Abstract Ventilated booth workstations often do not provide complete dust control during the manual transfer and weigh out of chemical powders. In a typical process, a worker removes powder from the bulk material drum with a scoop, weighs the powder into a paper bag, and then places the full bag into a second drum. A previous study identified points of exposure in a ventilated weigh-out operation at a plastics manufacturing plant. Eddies in front of the worker and inside the weigh-out drum hindered dust control. The depth of the powder in the weigh-out drum also contributed to increased exposures. This follow-up study sought to apply and evaluate three different control modifications of the weigh-out station. The first control was the modification of the worktable to streamline the process. The second control was a local exhaust hood placed at the lip of the bulk material drum. This hood controlled the eddy in the bulk material drum. The last control was an air shower, i.e., a low-velocity, fresh air supp...
{"title":"Workstation Design Improvements for the Reduction of Dust Exposures During Weighing of Chemical Powders","authors":"M. Gressel, T. Fischbach","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388568","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ventilated booth workstations often do not provide complete dust control during the manual transfer and weigh out of chemical powders. In a typical process, a worker removes powder from the bulk material drum with a scoop, weighs the powder into a paper bag, and then places the full bag into a second drum. A previous study identified points of exposure in a ventilated weigh-out operation at a plastics manufacturing plant. Eddies in front of the worker and inside the weigh-out drum hindered dust control. The depth of the powder in the weigh-out drum also contributed to increased exposures. This follow-up study sought to apply and evaluate three different control modifications of the weigh-out station. The first control was the modification of the worktable to streamline the process. The second control was a local exhaust hood placed at the lip of the bulk material drum. This hood controlled the eddy in the bulk material drum. The last control was an air shower, i.e., a low-velocity, fresh air supp...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"48 1","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90774752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388564
Robert J. Firenze
{"title":"Focus on … The Manufacturing Environment: Control by Establishing Preventive and Corrective Measures","authors":"Robert J. Firenze","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388564","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81838073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390432
Michael J. Cornett, C. Rice, V. Hertzberg, J. Lockey
Abstract The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) analytical method 7400 for fiber analysis recently has been challenged regarding the source of error that may be introduced when airborne fibers adhere to the inner surface of the conductive sampling cowl. In this study, the problem of fiber loss to the cowl is examined specifically as a part of the environmental monitoring quality assurance program of a major Refractory Ceramic Fiber (RCF) project. The experimental procedure involved using NIOSH method 7400 for the analysis of 113 25-mm mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters from sampling airborne RCF in the work environment. The extension cowls from these samples were washed, the particulate redeposited on 25-mm MCE filters, and analyzed in the same manner as the original sampling filters. There was an overall fiber deposition to the cowl of 16.5 percent. In 88 percent of the cowls, fibers on the cowl were visible to the eye; where no fibers were visible, the deposition on the exten...
{"title":"Assessment of Fiber Deposition on the Conductive Sampling Cowl in the Refractory Ceramic Fiber Industry","authors":"Michael J. Cornett, C. Rice, V. Hertzberg, J. Lockey","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390432","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) analytical method 7400 for fiber analysis recently has been challenged regarding the source of error that may be introduced when airborne fibers adhere to the inner surface of the conductive sampling cowl. In this study, the problem of fiber loss to the cowl is examined specifically as a part of the environmental monitoring quality assurance program of a major Refractory Ceramic Fiber (RCF) project. The experimental procedure involved using NIOSH method 7400 for the analysis of 113 25-mm mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters from sampling airborne RCF in the work environment. The extension cowls from these samples were washed, the particulate redeposited on 25-mm MCE filters, and analyzed in the same manner as the original sampling filters. There was an overall fiber deposition to the cowl of 16.5 percent. In 88 percent of the cowls, fibers on the cowl were visible to the eye; where no fibers were visible, the deposition on the exten...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"53 1","pages":"201-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89235972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390424
D. Wasserman
Abstract The control of occupational hand—arm vibration is essential if workers are to be protected from the often occurring adverse and irreversible effects of hand-arm vibration exposure. Control measures include the use of antivibration tools and gloves; recommended work practices; threshold limit values (TLVs) and other standards; medical monitoring and pre-screening of workers; education of all concerned; and the use of vibration engineering control techniques of damping and isolation. The foregoing are discussed and their interrelationships are presented in this article.
{"title":"The Control Aspects of Occupational Hand-Arm Vibration","authors":"D. Wasserman","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390424","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The control of occupational hand—arm vibration is essential if workers are to be protected from the often occurring adverse and irreversible effects of hand-arm vibration exposure. Control measures include the use of antivibration tools and gloves; recommended work practices; threshold limit values (TLVs) and other standards; medical monitoring and pre-screening of workers; education of all concerned; and the use of vibration engineering control techniques of damping and isolation. The foregoing are discussed and their interrelationships are presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78893737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390433
C. Newill, A. Koegel, V. Prenger, R. Evans, M. Corn
Abstract The federal Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1985) recognizes allergy to laboratory animals (ALA) as an occupational hazard and calls for the development of methods for its prevention. The prevalence of symptomatic ALA (rhinitis and/or urticaria) ranges from 15–33 percent, and its costs include not only the medical consequences of chronic atopic disease but also the loss of highly trained personnel. Employers at many laboratory animal facilities provide personal protective equipment (PPE) as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of ALA. A survey of the use of PPE by a sample of laboratory animal personnel at a large medical research institution is reported here. During the week surveyed, 171/210 persons (81%) did not use any respiratory PPE (e.g., respiratory masks), indeed, 61/210 (29%) did not use any PPE whatsoever. Failure to use any PPE was related to the type of animal(s) to which the staff was exposed and to the work task performed, as well as certain demographic factors...
{"title":"Utilization of Personal Protective Equipment by Laboratory Personnel at a Large Medical Research Institution","authors":"C. Newill, A. Koegel, V. Prenger, R. Evans, M. Corn","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390433","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The federal Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (1985) recognizes allergy to laboratory animals (ALA) as an occupational hazard and calls for the development of methods for its prevention. The prevalence of symptomatic ALA (rhinitis and/or urticaria) ranges from 15–33 percent, and its costs include not only the medical consequences of chronic atopic disease but also the loss of highly trained personnel. Employers at many laboratory animal facilities provide personal protective equipment (PPE) as a preventive measure to reduce the risk of ALA. A survey of the use of PPE by a sample of laboratory animal personnel at a large medical research institution is reported here. During the week surveyed, 171/210 persons (81%) did not use any respiratory PPE (e.g., respiratory masks), indeed, 61/210 (29%) did not use any PPE whatsoever. Failure to use any PPE was related to the type of animal(s) to which the staff was exposed and to the work task performed, as well as certain demographic factors...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"88 1","pages":"205-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90060081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390431
J. Volkwein, A. Cecala, E. Thimons
Abstract The Bureau of Mines and several member companies of the National Industrial Sand Association have been working in many areas to reduce personal exposure to respirable dust. Areas investigated have included ventilation, improved hardware design, improved housekeeping practices, and addition of moisture to products. This article reviews information to date on various methods of using moisture to reduce respirable dust concentrations in mineral processing plants. Individual studies present an inconclusive case for additional work in this area. Together, however, these studies indicate a good potential for the development of an economical and practical plantwide dust control technique. Naturally, these techniques may only be applicable for certain mineral products. Methods used in the individual studies to evaluate dust reductions included observation, gravimetric filter analysis, and instantaneous light-scattering methods. Various methods of moisture addition included the use of foams, steam, and wa...
{"title":"Moisture Application for Dust Control","authors":"J. Volkwein, A. Cecala, E. Thimons","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390431","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Bureau of Mines and several member companies of the National Industrial Sand Association have been working in many areas to reduce personal exposure to respirable dust. Areas investigated have included ventilation, improved hardware design, improved housekeeping practices, and addition of moisture to products. This article reviews information to date on various methods of using moisture to reduce respirable dust concentrations in mineral processing plants. Individual studies present an inconclusive case for additional work in this area. Together, however, these studies indicate a good potential for the development of an economical and practical plantwide dust control technique. Naturally, these techniques may only be applicable for certain mineral products. Methods used in the individual studies to evaluate dust reductions included observation, gravimetric filter analysis, and instantaneous light-scattering methods. Various methods of moisture addition included the use of foams, steam, and wa...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"1 1","pages":"198-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83600307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390430
M. O. Amdur
{"title":"Sulfuric Acid: The Animals Tried to Tell Us","authors":"M. O. Amdur","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"1 1","pages":"189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79128620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-08-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10389934
J. Sheehy, T. C. Cooper, D. O'brien
Abstract An estimated 150,000 brake mechanics and garage workers in the U.S. are potentially exposed to asbestos, a known health hazard. Earlier studies of airborne asbestos exposures to mechanics during brake maintenance operations showed overexposure to asbestos fibers during brake servicing, especially brake assembly cleaning. Most brake service operations are performed by small businesses that lack resources to evaluate control devices. The results from the evaluation of five control methods for containing asbestos brake dust during brake maintenance are presented. These controls included two commercial enclosure devices with ventilation provided by high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter-equipped vacuums, a HEPA filter-equipped vacuum cleaner without an enclosure, a wet brush/recycle system which recirculated the cleaning solution, and an aerosol spray for wetting the brake assembly. Detailed surveys of the controls were conducted at five separate facilities during actual brake servicing operat...
{"title":"Control of Asbestos Exposure during Brake Drum Service","authors":"J. Sheehy, T. C. Cooper, D. O'brien","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10389934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10389934","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An estimated 150,000 brake mechanics and garage workers in the U.S. are potentially exposed to asbestos, a known health hazard. Earlier studies of airborne asbestos exposures to mechanics during brake maintenance operations showed overexposure to asbestos fibers during brake servicing, especially brake assembly cleaning. Most brake service operations are performed by small businesses that lack resources to evaluate control devices. The results from the evaluation of five control methods for containing asbestos brake dust during brake maintenance are presented. These controls included two commercial enclosure devices with ventilation provided by high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter-equipped vacuums, a HEPA filter-equipped vacuum cleaner without an enclosure, a wet brush/recycle system which recirculated the cleaning solution, and an aerosol spray for wetting the brake assembly. Detailed surveys of the controls were conducted at five separate facilities during actual brake servicing operat...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"34 1","pages":"313-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87418232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-07-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10390406
Michael J. Blotzer Cih
{"title":"IH Interface: Coping with Regulations and Paperwork","authors":"Michael J. Blotzer Cih","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10390406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10390406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80938848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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