Pub Date : 1989-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388581
L. Wilcox
{"title":"IH Interface Artificial Intelligence: The New Age of Computers","authors":"L. Wilcox","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388581","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82158923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388577
L. J. Elliott
{"title":"Focus on … Agriculture: The Most Hazardous and Underserved Occupation","authors":"L. J. Elliott","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388577","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78300392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388586
S. Sampson
Abstract Noise exposure has always been one of the greatest problems faced by industrial hygienists. To combat these problems, hygienists have developed a range of noise control procedures, one of which is noise absorption. This relatively simple and inexpensive technique can often achieve noise reductions of 5 to 10 dBA. Unfortunately, the complexity and tedium of the noise reduction calculations can intimidate some people and result in the poor design of noise control installations. This article describes the basic calculations involved in the reduction of noise through absorption. As well, a microcomputer program using Lotus 1-2-3 is discussed. The computer program estimates the noise reduction in a room due to the application of absorptive materials. The inputs required are an initial octave band analysis, room dimensions, and absorption coefficients. An example of the noise absorption calculations and the use of the program is given as well as sample costs. It is recommended that sound absorption in ...
{"title":"The Use of Lotus 1-2-3 to Estimate Noise Reduction Through Absorption","authors":"S. Sampson","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388586","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Noise exposure has always been one of the greatest problems faced by industrial hygienists. To combat these problems, hygienists have developed a range of noise control procedures, one of which is noise absorption. This relatively simple and inexpensive technique can often achieve noise reductions of 5 to 10 dBA. Unfortunately, the complexity and tedium of the noise reduction calculations can intimidate some people and result in the poor design of noise control installations. This article describes the basic calculations involved in the reduction of noise through absorption. As well, a microcomputer program using Lotus 1-2-3 is discussed. The computer program estimates the noise reduction in a room due to the application of absorptive materials. The inputs required are an initial octave band analysis, room dimensions, and absorption coefficients. An example of the noise absorption calculations and the use of the program is given as well as sample costs. It is recommended that sound absorption in ...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"139 1","pages":"251-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79969695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-10-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388583
J. Green
{"title":"Occupational Hygiene Around the World: Some Perspectives on Occupational Health","authors":"J. Green","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388583","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79242639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388569
G. Lunn, Eric B. Sansone
Abstract Samples of stainless steel, Formica, glass, and vinyl floor tile and the filters of transilluminators were contaminated with ethidium bromide and cleaned either by wiping once with a paper towel soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and hypophosphorous acid followed by five wipes with wet towels or by wiping six times with only wet paper towels. The used paper towels were soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and hypophosphorous acid. After this treatment, no traces of ethidium bromide were found (< 0.026%), and the reaction mixtures were not mutagenic.
{"title":"Decontamination of Ethidium Bromide Spills","authors":"G. Lunn, Eric B. Sansone","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388569","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Samples of stainless steel, Formica, glass, and vinyl floor tile and the filters of transilluminators were contaminated with ethidium bromide and cleaned either by wiping once with a paper towel soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and hypophosphorous acid followed by five wipes with wet towels or by wiping six times with only wet paper towels. The used paper towels were soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and hypophosphorous acid. After this treatment, no traces of ethidium bromide were found (< 0.026%), and the reaction mixtures were not mutagenic.","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"108 1","pages":"234-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78712654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388567
A. Sass-Kortsak, C. Tracy, J. Purdham
Abstract Gravimetric analyses are frequently used to measure worker exposure to airborne particulate. In this study, two filter conditioning methods, designed to overcome moisture effects, were compared using two different filter media. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters were used to sample wood dust and cork dust. Mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membrane filters were also used to sample cork dust. For each filter, pre- and postsampling weights were each determined twice: after conditioning for 48 hours in a silica gel dessicator and after being placed in an incubator set at 27°C and a nominal relative humidity of 50 percent. When MCE membrane filters were used, a statistically significant difference between conditioning methods was found in filter preweights. When PVC filters were used, weight differences between the two conditioning methods was found to be insignificant and considered potentially less important than differences due to material loss. Dessication of filters prior to weighing may result in incre...
{"title":"Filter Preparation Techniques for Dust Exposure Determination by Gravimetric Analysis","authors":"A. Sass-Kortsak, C. Tracy, J. Purdham","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388567","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gravimetric analyses are frequently used to measure worker exposure to airborne particulate. In this study, two filter conditioning methods, designed to overcome moisture effects, were compared using two different filter media. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters were used to sample wood dust and cork dust. Mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membrane filters were also used to sample cork dust. For each filter, pre- and postsampling weights were each determined twice: after conditioning for 48 hours in a silica gel dessicator and after being placed in an incubator set at 27°C and a nominal relative humidity of 50 percent. When MCE membrane filters were used, a statistically significant difference between conditioning methods was found in filter preweights. When PVC filters were used, weight differences between the two conditioning methods was found to be insignificant and considered potentially less important than differences due to material loss. Dessication of filters prior to weighing may result in incre...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"56 1","pages":"222-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82327184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388566
W. Albrecht, G. Burr, C. Neumeister
Abstract Aspartame™ (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester; Nutra-sweet[rgrave]; Nutrasweet Company, Chicago, Illinois) is a dipeptide methyl ester that imparts a sweet taste sensation. It has been approved for use in the United States since 1981. In the course of a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) study to examine potential worker health effects at a food plant in the U.S., a method of sampling aspartame in air, and its analysis, was developed. A walk-through survey of the above-mentioned plant identified potential aspartame exposures to employees during weighing, blending, and packaging of dry dessert mixes. Potential analytical interferences included sodium citrate, ascorbic and fumaric acids, gelatin, maltodextrin, and mannitol. The collection system, using portable high flow (1–5 L/min) air pumps, is suitable for personal and area air sampling in industrial settings. Samples were collected on 1.0 micron pore size, 37-ml diameter polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters wi...
{"title":"Sampling and Analytical Method for Workplace Monitoring of Aspartame in Air","authors":"W. Albrecht, G. Burr, C. Neumeister","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388566","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aspartame™ (L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester; Nutra-sweet[rgrave]; Nutrasweet Company, Chicago, Illinois) is a dipeptide methyl ester that imparts a sweet taste sensation. It has been approved for use in the United States since 1981. In the course of a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) study to examine potential worker health effects at a food plant in the U.S., a method of sampling aspartame in air, and its analysis, was developed. A walk-through survey of the above-mentioned plant identified potential aspartame exposures to employees during weighing, blending, and packaging of dry dessert mixes. Potential analytical interferences included sodium citrate, ascorbic and fumaric acids, gelatin, maltodextrin, and mannitol. The collection system, using portable high flow (1–5 L/min) air pumps, is suitable for personal and area air sampling in industrial settings. Samples were collected on 1.0 micron pore size, 37-ml diameter polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filters wi...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"85 5 1","pages":"217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86487237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388563
Steven L. Johnson
Abstract Our feature this month offers insights on the issue of ergonomics and controls in the manufacturing environment. Though often viewed from separate perspectives, these concepts are interrelated in the workplace setting. “Manufacturing Ergonomics: A Historical Perspective” by Steven L. Johnson examines this “dynamic specialty” in terms of its development over the years and its current impact on the plant floor. This article was originally published in the Human Factors Society Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 2, in February 1989. Applied Industrial Hygiene appreciates their permission to share this timely article with our readers. The second segment of our feature was excerpted from Robert J. Firenze's chapter “Occupational Safety” in the Evaluation and Control of the Occupational Environment, published by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Mr. Firenze's views on administrative and engineering controls are pertinent for both industrial hygiene and safety professionals.
我们本月的特色提供了对制造环境中人体工程学和控制问题的见解。虽然经常从不同的角度来看，但这些概念在工作环境中是相互关联的。Steven L. Johnson的《制造业人体工程学:历史视角》从多年来的发展和当前对工厂车间的影响方面考察了这一“动态专业”。这篇文章最初发表在1989年2月的《人因学会公报》第32卷第2期。应用工业卫生感谢他们的许可与我们的读者分享这篇及时的文章。本专题的第二部分摘自国家职业安全与健康研究所出版的《职业环境的评价与控制》中罗伯特·j·费伦泽的“职业安全”一章。Firenze先生关于行政和工程控制的观点与工业卫生和安全专业人士息息相关。
{"title":"Focus on … The Manufacturing Environment: Control and Ergonomic Considerations: Manufacturing Ergonomics: A Historical Perspective","authors":"Steven L. Johnson","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388563","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Our feature this month offers insights on the issue of ergonomics and controls in the manufacturing environment. Though often viewed from separate perspectives, these concepts are interrelated in the workplace setting. “Manufacturing Ergonomics: A Historical Perspective” by Steven L. Johnson examines this “dynamic specialty” in terms of its development over the years and its current impact on the plant floor. This article was originally published in the Human Factors Society Bulletin, Vol. 32, No. 2, in February 1989. Applied Industrial Hygiene appreciates their permission to share this timely article with our readers. The second segment of our feature was excerpted from Robert J. Firenze's chapter “Occupational Safety” in the Evaluation and Control of the Occupational Environment, published by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Mr. Firenze's views on administrative and engineering controls are pertinent for both industrial hygiene and safety professionals.","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82282143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388562
T. Bobick, R. Unger
{"title":"Industrial Hygiene from Mining Research: Using Mechanical-Assist Devices to Reduce Musculoskeletal Injuries","authors":"T. Bobick, R. Unger","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85516219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08828032.1989.10388570
D. O'brien, T. Fischbach, T. C. Cooper, W. F. Todd, M. Gressel, Kenneth Martinez
Abstract Personal sampling with a light-scattering monitor connected to a data logger has been used to evaluate the effectiveness of a high-velocity, low-volume (HVLV) sander hood used in a plant manufacturing reinforced plastics. Exposures to sanding dust were determined for two workers, one using a sander with a hood, the other using a sander with none. Both workers were partners in a two-person team sanding a truck hood and fender assembly. Side-by-side filter sampling was conducted to calibrate the aerosol monitor. Data logger output for each worker was combined into a single spreadsheet program. Simultaneous video recording allowed worker activity variables (sanding, compressed air blowing, and other) to be coded onto the spreadsheet, which permitted calculation of the contribution of each activity to each worker's dose of dust. The computerized data acquisition system permitted identifying activities that change worker exposures through review of the work cycle while tracking worker exposures. Thoug...
{"title":"Acquisition and Spreadsheet Analysis of Real Time Dust Exposure Data: A Case Study","authors":"D. O'brien, T. Fischbach, T. C. Cooper, W. F. Todd, M. Gressel, Kenneth Martinez","doi":"10.1080/08828032.1989.10388570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1989.10388570","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Personal sampling with a light-scattering monitor connected to a data logger has been used to evaluate the effectiveness of a high-velocity, low-volume (HVLV) sander hood used in a plant manufacturing reinforced plastics. Exposures to sanding dust were determined for two workers, one using a sander with a hood, the other using a sander with none. Both workers were partners in a two-person team sanding a truck hood and fender assembly. Side-by-side filter sampling was conducted to calibrate the aerosol monitor. Data logger output for each worker was combined into a single spreadsheet program. Simultaneous video recording allowed worker activity variables (sanding, compressed air blowing, and other) to be coded onto the spreadsheet, which permitted calculation of the contribution of each activity to each worker's dose of dust. The computerized data acquisition system permitted identifying activities that change worker exposures through review of the work cycle while tracking worker exposures. Thoug...","PeriodicalId":8049,"journal":{"name":"Applied Industrial Hygiene","volume":"98 1","pages":"238-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78077420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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