Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy最新文献_第2页

Green power from scraps: renovating fruit and vegetable waste into high-performance supercapacitor electrodes—a comprehensive review 从废料中获取绿色能源：将果蔬废料改造成高性能超级电容器电极的综述

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00253-2

Suvamay Pramanik, Sukanta De

This review comprehensively examines the potential of activated porous carbon materials derived from fruit and vegetable waste as sustainable electrode materials for supercapacitor applications. Particular emphasis is placed on the synthesis methodologies, physicochemical characterization techniques, and electrochemical performance evaluation, including specific capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. Recent findings demonstrate that carbon derived from potato peels achieved an exceptionally high specific capacitance of 1987.5 F/g at 0.2 A/g, while carbon derived from corncobs exhibited 1360.0 F/g at 1.0 A/g, highlighting the excellent electrochemical capabilities of certain biomass sources. In contrast, banana peel-derived carbon showed a much lower specific capacitance of 0.8 F/g at 50 mV/s, underlining the critical role of precursor selection and activation strategy. Additionally, this review discusses how different activation techniques applied to the same biomass precursor, such as coconut shells, led to significant variations in surface area (1567.0, 250.5 and 2143.6 m²/g) and corresponding specific capacitance values (449.0 F/g at 1.0 A/g, 186.5 F/g at 10 mV/s, and 317.0 F/g at 0.5 A/g). These observations underscore the profound influence of activation methods on pore structure development, surface chemistry, and resultant electrochemical behaviour. Overall, the study highlights the dual advantages of utilizing biomass waste—advancing high-performance energy storage technologies while promoting environmentally sustainable and cost-effective material production. A comparative analysis is provided to facilitate the identification of optimal precursors and processing techniques for future research and application development.

Graphical abstract

本文综述了从水果和蔬菜废料中提取的活性炭材料作为超级电容器可持续电极材料的潜力。特别强调的是合成方法、物理化学表征技术和电化学性能评估，包括比电容、能量密度和循环稳定性。最近的研究结果表明，从马铃薯皮中提取的碳在0.2 A/g时的比电容达到了1987.5 F/g，而从玉米芯中提取的碳在1.0 A/g时的比电容为1360.0 F/g，突出了某些生物质来源的优异电化学能力。相比之下，香蕉皮衍生的碳在50 mV/s下的比电容为0.8 F/g，这表明前驱体选择和激活策略的关键作用。此外，本文还讨论了不同的活化技术如何应用于相同的生物质前体，如椰子壳，导致表面积（1567.0,250.5和2143.6 m2/g）和相应的比电容值（在1.0 A/g时449.0 F/g，在10 mV/s时186.5 F/g，在0.5 A/g时317.0 F/g）的显着变化。这些观察结果强调了活化方法对孔隙结构发育、表面化学和由此产生的电化学行为的深远影响。总体而言，该研究强调了利用生物质废物的双重优势-推进高性能储能技术，同时促进环境可持续和具有成本效益的材料生产。通过比较分析，为今后的研究和应用开发确定最佳前体和加工技术提供了便利。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

High-value upcycling of iron ore tailings into stable, non-toxic turquoise pigments for sustainable applications 高价值的铁矿尾矿升级回收成稳定、无毒的绿松石颜料，用于可持续应用

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00251-4

Gaofeng Han, Zhongdan Shi, Wenqian Qu, Kailong Nie, Han Lu, Guangyan Tian

The transformation of solid waste into high-value-added materials is pivotal for advancing resource circularity and promoting environmental sustainability. In this study, the high-value upcycling of iron ore tailings (IOTs) into environmentally benign, turquoise-colored iron-composite pigments was demonstrated via a facile one-pot hydrothermal synthesis route. Structural and morphological characterization revealed that the as-synthesized pigments exhibit a distinct fusiform microstructure, predominantly composed of giniite and quartz phases, with additional trace elements (Fe, Si, P, Al, and Mg) contributing to their unique chromatic properties. The pigments displayed a vibrant turquoise hue, with Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage (CIE) Lab color coordinates of L*=59.66, a*= −5.98, and b*= −3.57, indicative of stable and aesthetically desirable coloration. Notably, the pigments demonstrated exceptional long-term color stability, maintaining their chromatic properties without significant degradation even after 12 months of ambient atmospheric exposure. Furthermore, the absence of toxic heavy metals and hazardous substances confirms their environmental compatibility and safety for potential industrial applications. This study not only presents a sustainable and scalable strategy for the valorization of IOTs but also contributes to the development of eco-friendly inorganic pigments, aligning with the principles of green chemistry and a circular economy. The findings highlight the potential of mining waste as a valuable resource for high-performance pigment production, offering a promising alternative to conventional synthetic pigments while mitigating the environmental burdens associated with tailings disposal.

Graphical abstract

固体废物转化为高附加值材料是推进资源循环和促进环境可持续性的关键。在本研究中，通过简单的一锅水热合成路线，展示了高价值的铁矿尾矿（IOTs）升级回收成环保的绿松石色铁复合颜料。结构和形态表征表明，合成的颜料呈现出独特的纺锤状微观结构，主要由辉长岩和石英相组成，外加微量元素（Fe、Si、P、Al和Mg）有助于其独特的色彩特性。颜料呈现出充满活力的绿松石色调，国际照明委员会（CIE）实验室的颜色坐标为L*=59.66, a*= - 5.98, b*= - 3.57，表明颜色稳定且美观。值得注意的是，这些颜料表现出了优异的长期颜色稳定性，即使在12个月的环境大气暴露后，也能保持其颜色特性而不会显着降解。此外，不含有毒重金属和有害物质证实了它们的环境兼容性和潜在工业应用的安全性。这项研究不仅为物联网的发展提供了可持续和可扩展的战略，而且还有助于发展环保型无机颜料，符合绿色化学和循环经济的原则。研究结果强调了采矿废物作为高性能颜料生产的宝贵资源的潜力，为传统合成颜料提供了一种有希望的替代品，同时减轻了与尾矿处理相关的环境负担。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Dehydrochlorination of PVC at low-temperatures and the pyrolysis behavior of dechlorinated PVC 聚氯乙烯的低温脱氯及脱氯后的热解行为

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00252-3

Jiayou Sun, Tianyang Ding, Xue Zhao, Pengcheng Wang, Wen Chen, Jie Yu

In this study, the dehydrochlorination reaction of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was thoroughly investigated at various temperatures and reaction times. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and Raman spectroscopies were employed to analyze the conjugated polyene sequences, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to characterize the functional groups present in the intermediates. The results reveal that in the very initial stages, the dehydrochlorination reaction forms soluble and colored intermediates, primarily consisting of conjugated polyene sequences without crosslinking. As dehydrochlorination progresses, the products become completely insoluble and transform into highly crosslinked black hard chucks. The obtained dehydrochlorinated intermediates were then pyrolysed using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) to reveal their structures and decomposition mechanism. The core structure of the crosslinked intermediates is likely composed of cyclohexenes or cyclohexadienes. Among the aromatic compounds, benzenes and naphthalenes are the predominant categories with benzene being the most abundant. The crosslinking reaction inhibits benzene formation, leading to increased production of alkyl-aromatic compounds. This study proposes the structure of dehydrochlorinated intermediates and their decomposition mechanism, providing valuable insights for PVC recycling.

Graphical abstract

本文研究了聚氯乙烯（PVC）在不同温度和反应时间下的脱氢氯化反应。利用紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）和拉曼光谱（Raman）对共轭多烯序列进行分析，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对中间体中的官能团进行表征。结果表明，在脱氢氯化反应的最初阶段，形成可溶性和有色中间体，主要由共轭多烯序列组成，没有交联。随着脱氢氯化反应的进行，产物完全不溶，转化为高度交联的黑色硬卡盘。利用热解-气相色谱/质谱（Py-GC/MS）对得到的脱氯中间体进行热解分析，揭示其结构和分解机理。交联中间体的核心结构可能由环己烯或环己二烯组成。在芳香族化合物中，苯和萘是主要的种类，其中苯的含量最多。交联反应抑制苯的生成，导致烷基芳香族化合物的产量增加。本研究提出了脱氢氯化中间体的结构及其分解机理，为PVC的回收利用提供了有价值的见解。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

A decadal review of carbon-based sustainable materials: chemistry, mechanisms, and environmental applications 碳基可持续材料的十年回顾：化学、机制和环境应用

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00249-y

Rajneesh Kumar, Rupinder Singh, Anjali Mishra, Ram Sharan Singh

Water contamination is a pressing global issue involving pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, microplastics, and nutrients, which are significant threats to ecosystems. Conventional water treatment methods often fail to remove these pollutants effectively. Hence, there is a need for sustainable solutions. Biochar produced through various methods could be a potential solution for environmental problems because of its high surface area, porous structure, and diverse functional groups. Widespread research has been carried out on biochar; however, mostly dispersed information is available. Therefore, in a unified format, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the properties, characteristics, composition, chemistry, mechanisms, and applications of biochar. This study closely examines biochar production and variations in feedstock materials, pyrolysis conditions, adsorption mechanisms, and enhancing efficacy for environmental applications. The potential of biochar for pollutant removal and its interactions with organic, inorganic, and microplastic pollutants have also been explored. The changes in the structural and functional characteristics of biochar due to pollutant interactions have also been discussed. To improve the efficacy of biochar, various modification techniques, such as acid/base treatments, metal impregnation, and thermal treatments, have also been used. Despite its potential, this technology faces challenges such as property variability, high production costs, and potential environmental impacts. This review suggests that the potential of biochar for environmental remediation is influenced by various factors that can be optimized to improve its removal efficacy for targeted pollutants.

Graphical abstract

水污染是一个紧迫的全球性问题，涉及重金属、农药、药物、微塑料和营养物质等污染物，对生态系统构成重大威胁。传统的水处理方法往往不能有效地去除这些污染物。因此，我们需要可持续的解决方案。由于生物炭具有高表面积、多孔结构和多种官能团的特点，通过各种方法生产的生物炭可能是解决环境问题的潜在方法。对生物炭进行了广泛的研究；然而，大多数信息是分散的。因此，本文就生物炭的性质、特征、组成、化学、机理及应用等方面进行了综述。本研究密切探讨了生物炭的生产和原料、热解条件、吸附机制的变化，以及对环境应用的增强功效。生物炭去除污染物的潜力及其与有机、无机和微塑料污染物的相互作用也得到了探讨。本文还讨论了污染物相互作用对生物炭结构和功能特性的影响。为了提高生物炭的功效，各种改性技术，如酸碱处理、金属浸渍和热处理也被使用。尽管潜力巨大，但该技术也面临着诸多挑战，如性能变化、高生产成本和潜在的环境影响。综上所述，生物炭在环境修复中的潜力受到多种因素的影响，这些因素可以通过优化来提高生物炭对目标污染物的去除效果。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Remediation of arsenic-contaminated water: high effectiveness of modified biochars from legal amazon residues 砷污染水的修复：亚马逊河合法残基改性生物炭的高效利用

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00235-4

Mariana de Souza Borges, Magale Karine Diel Rambo, Fabio Andrei Duarte, Robert Alan Burrow, Elisandra Scapin

Arsenic contamination in water poses a significant global health risk, especially in regions with mining activities, such as the Legal Amazon. This study investigated the efficacy of iron-impregnated biochar, derived from three abundant fruit wastes native to the Legal Amazon region (baru, cupuaçu, and pequi), in removing As(V) from water. The biochars were characterized by techniques including elemental analysis, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that iron impregnation significantly modified the surface properties of the biochar, leading to an increase in surface area and the introduction of new functional groups. A response surface methodology, employing a central composite design (CCD), was utilized to optimize the adsorption process by varying the biochar dosage (g L⁻¹), the initial concentration of As(V) (µg L⁻¹), and the pH. The findings demonstrate that all three iron-modified biochars exhibit high arsenic removal efficiencies, exceeding 90% under all tested conditions. The optimal conditions for each biochar varied, suggesting that the unique surface chemistry and porosity resulting from the different biomass sources play critical roles in the adsorption performance. Furthermore, a comparative analysis revealed the differences in adsorption capacities among the biochars, with the Cupuaçu shell biochar showing the highest efficiency. Overall, these results highlight the potential of utilizing readily available fruit waste to develop sustainable and effective adsorbents for arsenic remediation. The FeCl₃ impregnation method proved simple yet effective, showing a particular promise for applications in resource-limited communities.

Graphical Abstract

水中的砷污染对全球健康构成重大威胁，特别是在有采矿活动的地区，如合法的亚马逊地区。本研究考察了铁浸渍生物炭去除水中砷(V)的效果，该生物炭来源于三种原产于合法亚马逊地区的丰富水果废弃物（baru， cupuau和pequi）。采用元素分析、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）表面积测定、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电镜（SEM）等技术对生物炭进行了表征。结果表明，铁浸渍显著改变了生物炭的表面性质，使其表面积增加，并引入了新的官能团。采用响应面法，采用中心复合设计（CCD），通过改变生物炭的投加量（g L−1），As(V)的初始浓度（µg L−1）和ph来优化吸附过程。研究结果表明，在所有测试条件下，所有三种铁修饰生物炭都具有较高的砷去除效率，超过90%。每种生物炭的最佳条件各不相同，这表明不同生物质来源产生的独特表面化学和孔隙度对吸附性能起着关键作用。此外，对比分析还揭示了不同生物炭的吸附能力差异，其中cupuapuru壳生物炭的吸附效率最高。总的来说，这些结果突出了利用现成的水果废物开发可持续和有效的砷修复吸附剂的潜力。事实证明，FeCl3浸渍方法简单而有效，在资源有限的社区中具有特殊的应用前景。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in sustainable organic waste treatment: a review 人工智能在有机废物可持续处理中的应用综述

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00246-1

Dharshika Sugumaran, Madushan D. Udakandage, Sanduni P. Kodippili, Maleesha M. De Alwis, Danushika L. Attigala, Neeliya N. Ranasinghe, Danushika C. Manatunga, Rohan S. Dassanayake, Yang Zhou, Yuanyuan Liu

Waste and waste generation are inevitable aspects of human life, especially organic waste, and have evolved with societal and industrial development. Waste generation cannot be entirely prevented, but it can be treated, managed, and minimized through various sustainable practices to mitigate its environmental and health impacts. Current organic waste management techniques include composting, anaerobic digestion, incineration, and hydrothermal treatment. Even though these techniques help to treat and manage organic waste, they face numerous challenges, such as the complexity of organic waste, difficulty in collection and segregation, water pollution, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Notably, there is an urgent need to reduce and control the large volume of waste generated in a short timeframe. Artificial intelligence (AI)- and machine learning (ML)-based waste management systems have recently been considered for treating organic waste due to their optimized waste collection routes, automatic sorting, efficient recovery, and contaminant reduction. In particular, AI models can facilitate and accelerate the implementation of the circular economy concept, thereby maximizing resource optimization to achieve the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs). The current review summarizes recently published research studies on AI-based technologies and their applications in organic waste treatment and management, including the prediction and monitoring of waste generation, automated waste collection, sorting, classification, bioconversion and treatment process optimization, waste recycling, bin-level monitoring, and vehicle routing. The major prospects and challenges of using AI technology in organic waste treatment, as well as the future directions of AI-based waste management practices, are also discussed. This review also provides exclusive coverage of various types of organic waste, conventional organic waste treatment methods and their limitations, as well as the role of organic waste management in achieving the SDGs.

Graphical abstract

废物和废物产生是人类生活不可避免的方面，特别是有机废物，并随着社会和工业的发展而演变。不能完全防止废物产生，但可以通过各种可持续做法处理、管理和尽量减少废物产生，以减轻其对环境和健康的影响。目前的有机废物管理技术包括堆肥、厌氧消化、焚烧和水热处理。尽管这些技术有助于处理和管理有机废物，但它们面临着许多挑战，例如有机废物的复杂性，收集和分离的困难，水污染和温室气体（GHG）排放。值得注意的是，迫切需要在短时间内减少和控制产生的大量废物。基于人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）的废物管理系统最近被考虑用于处理有机废物，因为它们优化了废物收集路线、自动分类、有效回收和减少污染物。特别是，人工智能模型可以促进和加速循环经济理念的实施，从而最大限度地优化资源，实现联合国可持续发展目标（sdg）。本文综述了最近发表的基于人工智能的技术及其在有机废物处理和管理中的应用研究，包括废物产生的预测和监测、自动废物收集、分类、分类、生物转化和处理过程优化、废物回收、垃圾箱级监测和车辆路线。讨论了人工智能技术在有机废物处理中的主要前景和挑战，以及基于人工智能的废物管理实践的未来方向。本综述还提供了各种类型的有机废物，传统有机废物处理方法及其局限性，以及有机废物管理在实现可持续发展目标中的作用的独家报道。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Plastic waste and residual waste management: a case study of the Pathum Thani dumpsite in Thailand 塑料废物和残余废物管理：泰国巴吞他尼垃圾场的案例研究

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00245-2

Pawan Kumar Srikanth, Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon, Chettiyappan Visvanathan

Most developing countries commonly dispose of solid waste fractions in open dumps and landfills. This study analysed the composition of municipal solid waste (MSW) at a dumpsite in Thailand, where plastic waste constituted 35%–62% of excavated waste across different sampling depths. Excavated plastic waste was classified by resin codes, with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) dominating 86% of plastic waste from 2012 to 2014 and decreasing to 43% in 2019. The analysis revealed that unbranded single-layer packaging predominated, with branded plastics increasing from 4% to 6% (2012, 2013, and 2014) to 17% (2019). Dumpsite mining operations at the Pathum Thani site produced approximately 100 t of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) per day, generating revenue of 800–1200 THB per ton. However, the process also generated 40–50 t of residual waste daily, consisting of soil-like material mixed with plastic waste (20% plastics, 35% combustible fractions, and the remaining mainly soil type materials). These residues failed Thai compost standards due to high electrical conductivity (8.2 dS/cm vs. standard ≤3.5 dS/cm) and low germination index (4.43% vs. standard ≥80.00%). Recommendations include adjusting the moisture content of input waste and modifying sieve sizes to improve output quality, with approximately 50% of soil fractions potentially recoverable through screening at <12.5 mm. The study estimates total plastic waste in the dumpsite to be 36559.79 t, with a potential revenue of 35 million THB if fully processed. The implementation of site-specific management studies, promotion of dumpsite mining, reduction of unbranded plastics consumption, and extended producer responsibility (EPR) policies are crucial for achieving circularity of plastic waste fractions.

Graphical abstract

大多数发展中国家通常在露天垃圾场和垃圾填埋场处置固体废物。本研究分析了泰国一个垃圾场的城市固体废物（MSW）的组成，在不同的采样深度，塑料废物占挖掘废物的35%-62%。挖掘的塑料垃圾按树脂编码分类，2012年至2014年，低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）占塑料垃圾的86%，2019年降至43%。分析显示，无品牌单层包装占主导地位，品牌塑料从4%增加到6%（2012年、2013年和2014年），到17%（2019年）。Pathum Thani垃圾场的采矿作业每天产生约100吨垃圾衍生燃料（RDF），每吨产生800-1200泰铢的收入。然而，该过程每天也产生40 - 50t的残余废物，由土壤类物质与塑料废物混合组成（20%的塑料，35%的可燃组分，其余主要是土壤类物质）。由于电导率高（8.2 dS/cm，而标准≤3.5 dS/cm）和发芽率低（4.43%，而标准≥80.00%），这些残留物未达到泰国堆肥标准。建议包括调整输入废物的水分含量和修改筛尺寸以提高产出质量，大约50%的土壤组分可能通过12.5毫米筛分回收。该研究估计，垃圾场的塑料垃圾总量为36559.79吨，如果完全处理，潜在收入为3500万泰铢。实施具体地点管理研究、促进垃圾场采矿、减少无品牌塑料消费和扩大生产者责任（EPR）政策对于实现塑料废物组分的循环利用至关重要。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Exploration on using solid waste-derived sulphoaluminate composite as low-cost binder for high-impermeability stabilization of sandy soil 固体废物衍生硫铝酸盐复合材料作为高抗渗固沙土低成本粘结剂的探索

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00248-z

Shuang Zhang, Jingwei Li, Wenbin Shi, Fawei Lin, Bigaliev Aitkhazha Bigalievich, Eminov Ashraf Mamurovich, Wenlong Wang

Large-scale utilization of solid waste is the key challenge in building sustainable infrastructure. Given the high demand for sandy soil stabilizers in subgrades, dams and other infrastructure projects and the high permeability of sandy soil, a sulphoaluminate composite cementitious material (SCCM) was developed by incorporating solid waste-derived sulphoaluminate cementitious material (SAC), desulfurized gypsum, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and supplementary industrial byproducts, which can be used as high-permeability stabilizers for sandy soil. The economic and environmental assessment revealed that the carbon emission factor of the SCCM throughout their whole life cycle was 135.8 kg/t. The results revealed that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of stabilized sandy soil for 28 d was the highest among all the stabilized sandy soils, and the 28 d immersion stability rate was 72.5%. The 28 d permeability coefficient of sandy soil stabilized by SCCM decreased from 8.7×10⁻⁴ cm/s for natural sandy soil to 5.7×10⁻⁷ cm/s, which was 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than that of SAC and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) stabilized sandy soil. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the co-existence of ettringite and hydrated calcium silicate gel, and their addition improved the properties of the stabilized sandy soil. The results of the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) test revealed that the porosity of the SCCM stabilized sandy soil was lower than that of the SAC stabilized sandy soil and OPC, resulting in a dense structure. This study provides an innovative solution for the utilization of bulk solid waste in stabilizing sandy soil in infrastructure projects.

Graphical abstract

固体废物的大规模利用是建设可持续基础设施的关键挑战。针对路基、大坝等基础设施工程对砂土稳定剂需求量大，砂土渗透性高的特点，以固体废弃物衍生的硫铝酸盐胶凝材料（SAC）、脱硫石膏、磨粒高炉矿渣（GGBS）及工业副产物为辅助原料，研制了硫铝酸盐复合胶凝材料（SCCM），可作为砂土的高渗透性稳定剂。经济环境评价结果表明，SCCM全生命周期碳排放因子为135.8 kg/t。结果表明：稳定砂质土28 d的无侧限抗压强度（UCS）在所有稳定砂质土中最高，28 d浸水稳定率为72.5%；SCCM稳定砂土的28 d渗透系数由天然砂土的8.7×10−4 cm/s降至5.7×10−7 cm/s，比SAC和普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC）稳定砂土的28 d渗透系数低1 ~ 2个数量级。扫描电镜（SEM）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析表明，钙矾石和水化硅酸钙凝胶共存，两者的加入改善了稳定砂质土的性能。低场核磁共振（LF-NMR）测试结果表明，SCCM稳定砂土的孔隙率低于SAC稳定砂土和OPC稳定砂土，结构致密。本研究为基础设施工程中利用散装固体废物稳定沙质土提供了一种创新的解决方案。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Solid waste-azo dye degradation closed loop: bridging coal gangue recycling and azo dye removal 固体废物-偶氮染料降解闭环：架起煤矸石回收与偶氮染料去除的桥梁

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00247-0

Chunjie Huang, Wenkang Qi, Yutong Yang, Ying Zhang, Jianwen Lu, Qiuxia Ye, Xingyong Xue, Yaocong Han, Qiaoqiao Su, Dongping Wei, Lihong Lan

To address the dual challenges of coal gangue utilization and azo dye wastewater treatment, this study developed cobalt-loaded geopolymer microsphere catalysts (Co@CGM) through the resource utilization of coal gangue for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation, achieving efficient degradation of azo dyes sunset yellow (SY) and amaranth red (AR). Single-factor experiments demonstrated that Co@CGM exhibited exceptional catalytic performance at ultra-low PMS concentrations (0.25–0.50 mmol/L), achieving degradation efficiencies of 99.38% for SY and 99.91% for AR within 30 min for 100 mL solutions at 50 mg/L concentration. Stability tests revealed that Co@CGM maintained significant PMS activation effectiveness through five degradation cycles, demonstrating strong acid-base resistance (pH=3–9) and excellent anion interference resistance (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, H₂PO₄⁻, etc.). Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer (EPR) analysis confirmed that singlet oxygen (¹O₂) served as the primary reactive species driving the rapid degradation process in both SY and AR systems. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) analysis identified intermediate products and proposed degradation pathways for both dyes. This work successfully developed an eco-friendly functional material through coal gangue waste recycling, achieving the goal of “treating waste with waste” in azo dye wastewater remediation.

Graphical abstract

为了解决煤矸石利用和偶氮染料废水处理的双重挑战，本研究通过对煤矸石资源利用进行过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）活化，开发了钴负载地聚合物微球催化剂（Co@CGM），实现了偶氮染料日落黄（SY）和苋菜红（AR）的高效降解。单因素实验表明Co@CGM在超低PMS浓度（0.25-0.50 mmol/L）下表现出优异的催化性能，在50 mg/L浓度的100 mL溶液中，30 min内对SY和AR的降解效率分别达到99.38%和99.91%。稳定性测试表明，Co@CGM在5个降解循环中保持了显著的PMS活化效果，具有较强的酸碱耐受性（pH= 3-9）和优异的阴离子抗干扰性（Cl−、NO3−、H2PO4−等）。猝灭实验和电子顺磁共振谱（EPR）分析证实，单线态氧（1O2）是驱动SY和AR体系快速降解过程的主要反应物质。液相色谱-质谱仪（LC-MS）分析确定了两种染料的中间产物并提出了降解途径。通过对煤矸石废弃物的回收利用，成功开发了一种生态友好型功能材料，实现了偶氮染料废水修复中“以废治废”的目标。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of a Dracaena plant-based microbial fuel cell utilizing municipal solid waste compost as substrate and stainless steel mesh-supported 3D Cassia Fistula as bioanode 以城市生活垃圾堆肥为基质，不锈钢网状三维决明子瘘为生物阳极的龙血树植物微生物燃料电池性能评价

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-025-00244-3

Kumar Sonu, Zainab Syed, Gurpreet Singh, Manoj Kumar Tiwari, Monika Sogani

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven research into plant microbial fuel cells (PMFCs) as a renewable bioelectricity sources. This study evaluated the performance of a Dracaena plant-based PMFC utilizing a 3D biomass anode derived from Cassia fistula and varying percentage of municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) to enhance power generation and plant growth. The 3D anode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), confirming its porous structure, high carbon content, and thermal stability, which facilitate microbial colonization and electron transfer. Electrochemical analysis revealed that the 3D anode exhibited superior charge transfer efficiency compared to the control anode. The highest power density (204 mW/m²) and current density (255 mA/m²) were achieved with 30% compost, indicating an optimal balance between microbial activity and nutrient availability. Additionally, plant growth was significantly enhanced under 20%–30% compost treatments, while excessive compost (>40%) led to a decrease in performance. The results highlight the economic and environmental benefits of integrating biomass-derived electrodes and organic waste in PMFCs. This study demonstrates the feasibility of low-cost and sustainable materials for bioelectricity generation and plant growth enhancement, paving the way for further optimization and large-scale applications.

Graphical abstract

对可持续能源解决方案日益增长的需求推动了对植物微生物燃料电池（pmfc）作为可再生生物电力来源的研究。本研究利用决明子瘘管衍生的3D生物质阳极和不同百分比的城市固体废物堆肥（MSWC）来评估龙acaa植物基PMFC的性能，以增强发电和植物生长。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、能量色散x射线光谱（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和热重分析（TGA）对3D阳极进行了表征，证实了其多孔结构、高碳含量和热稳定性，有利于微生物定植和电子转移。电化学分析表明，3D阳极的电荷转移效率优于对照阳极。30%的堆肥可达到最高的功率密度（204 mW/m2）和电流密度（255 mA/m2），表明微生物活性和养分利用率之间的最佳平衡。20% ~ 30%堆肥处理显著促进了植株生长，而过量堆肥（>40%）导致生产性能下降。研究结果强调了将生物质电极和有机废物整合到pmfc中的经济和环境效益。该研究证明了低成本和可持续材料用于生物发电和植物生长促进的可行性，为进一步优化和大规模应用铺平了道路。图形抽象

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引用次数: 0