Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy最新文献_第3页

Regression based prediction of higher heating value for refuse-derived fuel using convolutional neural networks predicted elemental data and spectrographic measurements 利用卷积神经网络预测元素数据和光谱测量结果，基于回归法预测垃圾衍生燃料的较高热值

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00187-7

Baki Osman Bekgöz, Zerrin Günkaya, Kemal Özkan, Metin Özkan, Aysun Özkan, Müfide Banar

Higher heating value (HHV) is the key parameter for replacing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) with fossil fuels in the cement industry. HHV can be measured with a bomb calorimeter or predicted from direct elemental data by using regression models. Both methods require the continuous use of special laboratory equipment and are time consuming. To overcome these limitations, this study aims to predict the HHV value of RDF from predicted elemental data by using regression models. Therefore, once the predicted elemental data are generated, there will be no need to have continuous elemental data to predict HHV. Predicted elemental data were generated from direct elemental data and Near Infrared (NIR) camera-based spectrometric data by using a deep learning model. A convolutional neural networks (CNN) model was used for deep learning and was trained with 10,500 NIR image samples, each of which was 28×28×1. Different regression models (Linear, Tree, Support-Vector Machine, Ensemble and Gaussian process) were applied for HHV prediction. According to these results, higher R² values (>0.85) were obtained with Gaussian process models (except for the Rational Quadratic model) for the predicted elemental data. Among the Gaussian models, the highest R² (0.95) but the lowest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (0.0563), Mean Squared Error (MSE) (0.0317) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) (0.0431) were obtained with the Mattern 5/2 model. The results of predictions from predicted elemental data were compared to predictions from direct elemental data. The results show that the regression from predicted elemental data has an adequate prediction (R²=0.95) compared to the prediction from the direct elemental data (R²=0.99).

Graphical abstract

较高的热值（HHV）是水泥行业用化石燃料替代垃圾衍生燃料（RDF）的关键参数。高热值可以用炸弹量热计测量，也可以通过回归模型从直接元素数据中预测。这两种方法都需要连续使用特殊的实验室设备，而且耗时较长。为了克服这些局限性，本研究旨在利用回归模型从预测的元素数据中预测 RDF 的 HHV 值。因此，一旦生成了预测元素数据，就不需要连续的元素数据来预测 HHV 值。通过使用深度学习模型，从直接元素数据和基于近红外（NIR）相机的光谱数据生成预测元素数据。深度学习使用的是卷积神经网络（CNN）模型，使用 10,500 个近红外图像样本进行训练，每个样本的大小为 28×28×1。不同的回归模型（线性模型、树型模型、支持向量机模型、集合模型和高斯过程模型）被用于 HHV 预测。结果表明，高斯过程模型（有理二次模型除外）预测元素数据的 R2 值较高 (>0.85)。在高斯模型中，Mattern 5/2 模型的 R2 值（0.95）最高，但均方根误差（RMSE）（0.0563）、均方根误差（MSE）（0.0317）和均方根绝对误差（MAE）（0.0431）最低。预测元素数据的结果与直接元素数据的预测结果进行了比较。结果表明，与直接元素数据的预测结果（R2=0.99）相比，预测元素数据的回归结果具有足够的预测能力（R2=0.95）。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of crab-shell-based N, O co-doped graded porous carbon for supercapacitors using the confined nanospace deposition method 利用密闭纳米空间沉积法制备用于超级电容器的蟹壳基 N、O 共掺梯度多孔碳

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-024-00199-x

Yiming Li, Zhihao Yu, Mengyan Guo, Ming Zhang, Jian Xiong, Yina Qiao, Rui Zhang, Xuebin Lu

Biomass-based carbon materials with hierarchical porous structures have attracted attention for their ability to provide more channels and shorten ion transport paths. Here, we developed a simple method based on confined nanospace deposition. During high-temperature treatment, the mesoporous silica layer wrapped around the outside of the crab shells acted as a closed nanospace and effectively suppressed the severe deformation of the crab shell structure by shrinking inward. The prepared carbon material has a layered porous structure with abundant and stable N and O co-doping (N 7.32%, O 3.69%). The specific capacitance of the three-electrode system was 134.3 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in a 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte, and the assembled aqueous symmetric supercapacitors exhibited an excellent cycling stability of 98.81% even after 5000 cycles.

Graphical abstract

具有分层多孔结构的生物质碳材料能够提供更多通道并缩短离子传输路径，因此备受关注。在此，我们开发了一种基于封闭纳米空间沉积的简单方法。在高温处理过程中，包裹在蟹壳外侧的介孔二氧化硅层起到了封闭纳米空间的作用，有效抑制了蟹壳结构向内收缩的严重变形。所制备的碳材料具有层状多孔结构，具有丰富而稳定的 N 和 O 共掺杂（N 7.32%，O 3.69%）。在 6 mol/L KOH 电解液中，电流密度为 0.5 A/g 时，三电极系统的比电容为 134.3 F/g，组装后的水基对称超级电容器在循环 5000 次后仍具有 98.81% 的优异循环稳定性。

引用次数: 0

Global household infectious waste management strategies: a systematic review 全球家庭感染性废物管理战略：系统回顾

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-024-00192-4

Leila Mohammadinia, Khadijeh Raei, Fathollah Gholami-Borujeni

Infectious waste management is a major environmental and public health challenge worldwide. Household infectious wastes are often mixed with other waste, collected, and disposed of without taking measures to reduce risks. With the emergence of the COVID-19 virus in early December 2019, there have been concerns about the dangers of infectious waste generated in healthcare facilities and homes. Therefore, this review was conducted with the aim of investigating the methods of household infectious waste management in different countries/regions and evaluating the factors affecting the management of household infectious waste. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature search in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest) to answer the research questions. This process was based on the new version of PRISMA guidelines. In total, 52 documents out of 6742 were selected and evaluated. The review of studies based on content analysis led to the emergence of 12 main themes, 36 sub-themes, and 112 codes. The main topics included education and culture, management measures, legal social support, economic support, technology, control and evaluation, waste generation, classification and collection, temporary storage, transportation, processing and recycling, and safe disposal. The factors affecting household infectious waste management identified in this research can serve as a basis for future studies. It is also suitable for providing a comprehensive guide to the management of household infectious waste.

Graphical abstract

传染性废物管理是全球面临的一项重大环境和公共卫生挑战。家庭感染性废物通常与其他废物混合、收集和处置，而没有采取降低风险的措施。随着 2019 年 12 月初 COVID-19 病毒的出现，人们开始关注医疗机构和家庭中产生的传染性废物的危险性。因此，本综述旨在调查不同国家/地区的家庭感染性废物管理方法，并评估影响家庭感染性废物管理的因素。在本研究中，我们在四个电子数据库（PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 ProQuest）中进行了系统的文献检索，以回答研究问题。这一过程基于新版的 PRISMA 指南。共从 6742 篇文献中筛选出 52 篇进行评估。基于内容分析的研究综述产生了 12 个主题、36 个子主题和 112 个代码。主要专题包括教育和文化、管理措施、法律社会支持、经济支持、技术、控制和评估、废物产生、分类和收集、临时储存、运输、处理和回收以及安全处置。本研究确定的影响家庭感染性废物管理的因素可作为今后研究的基础。它也适合为家庭感染性废物的管理提供全面的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Recent trends on energy-efficient solar dryers for food and agricultural products drying: a review 用于食品和农产品干燥的高能效太阳能干燥器的最新发展趋势：综述

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-024-00193-3

Kavati Venkateswarlu, S. V. Kota Reddy

The energy efficiency enhancement of solar dryers has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide because of the need for energy storage in solar drying applications, which arises primarily from the irregular nature of solar energy that leads to improper drying which will reduce the quality of the products being dried. This work comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art research carried out on solar dryers for energy efficiency enhancement using various alternative strategies, including hybrid solar dryers that use auxiliary heating sources, such as electric heaters or biomass heaters, solar-assisted heat pump dryer, use of desiccant materials, and heat storage systems that use both sensible and latent heat storage. The advent of phase change materials (PCM), such as thermally and chemically stable PCMs, for long-term storage, bio-degradable and bio-compatible PCM materials to alleviate the negative environmental impact of conventional PCMs is also presented. The performance parameters considered for evaluating dryers include the maximum temperature attained inside the drying chamber, drying time and efficiency, specific moisture extraction rate (SMER), energy and exergy efficiency and CO₂ mitigation effect. The factors considered to analyze the PCMs application in solar dryers include cost and sustainability of PCMs, and both energy and exergy analyses of dryers using PCMs. The gaps in current knowledge and future scope for further improvement of solar dryers are also elucidated.

Graphical abstract

提高太阳能干燥机的能效引起了全世界研究人员的关注，因为在太阳能干燥应用中需要储能，这主要是由于太阳能的不规则性导致干燥不当，从而降低了干燥产品的质量。这项工作全面回顾了利用各种替代策略提高太阳能干燥机能效的最新研究成果，包括使用辅助加热源（如电加热器或生物质加热器）的混合太阳能干燥机、太阳能辅助热泵干燥机、使用干燥剂材料以及使用显热和潜热存储的热存储系统。此外，还介绍了相变材料（PCM）的出现，如用于长期储存的热稳定性和化学稳定性 PCM，以及可生物降解和生物兼容的 PCM 材料，以减轻传统 PCM 对环境的负面影响。评估干燥机时考虑的性能参数包括干燥室内达到的最高温度、干燥时间和效率、特定水分提取率 (SMER)、能效和放能效以及二氧化碳减缓效应。分析太阳能干燥器中 PCM 应用时考虑的因素包括 PCM 的成本和可持续性，以及使用 PCM 的干燥器的能量和放能分析。此外，还阐明了太阳能干燥器目前存在的知识空白和未来进一步改进的空间。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable bio-energy generation via the conversion of spent wash using dual chamber microbial fuel cell 利用双室微生物燃料电池转化废水，实现可持续生物能源生产

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-024-00189-z

Abdul Sattar Jatoi, Jawad Ahmed, Afaque Ahmed Bhutto, Muhammad Shuaib Shaikh

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are innovative devices that combine microbial processes with electrochemical reactions to convert organic matter in wastewater into electricity while simultaneously treating the wastewater. One such application is the treatment of spent wash, a highly polluting effluent generated from the distillery industry after crude mesh is separated into ethanol and spent wash. Spent wash, also known as distillery effluent or stillage, is a highly challenging wastewater treatment method due to its high chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and total dissolved solids (TDS). These characteristics make it a complex and polluting industrial effluent that requires specialized treatment processes to reduce its environmental impact effectively. However, MFCs have shown promise in treating spent wash, as they can utilize the organic matter in wastewater as a fuel source for microbial growth as well as for electricity generation. For the treatment of spent wash, Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp. was used as a biocatalyst along with 340 mol/L potassium ferricyanide in the cathode chamber and 170 mol/L methylene blue in the anode as a mediator. All tests were conducted by balancing a one-liter volume for power production from spent wash in MFC with the optimal conditions of 10% agarose, pH 8.5, 300 mL/min of aeration in the cathode chamber, and 40% (in weight) substrate concentration. At an ideal concentration, the maximum current and power density are roughly 53.41 mA/m² and 72.22 mW/m², respectively. For each litre of processed spent wash, a maximum voltage of 850 mV (4.5 mA) was obtained. Amazingly, 91% of COD and BOD were removed from the effluent MFC. These findings show that MFCs are capable of producing electricity and efficiently removing COD from wasted wash at the same time.

Graphical abstract

摘要微生物燃料电池（MFC）是一种创新装置，它将微生物过程与电化学反应相结合，将废水中的有机物转化为电能，同时对废水进行处理。其中一种应用是处理废洗涤液，这是蒸馏工业将粗网分离成乙醇和废洗涤液后产生的一种高污染废水。废水又称蒸馏废水或蒸馏残渣，由于其化学需氧量（COD）、生物需氧量（BOD）和总溶解固体（TDS）较高，因此是一种极具挑战性的废水处理方法。这些特点使其成为一种复杂的污染性工业废水，需要专门的处理工艺才能有效减少其对环境的影响。然而，MFCs 在处理废水方面已显示出前景，因为它们可以利用废水中的有机物作为微生物生长和发电的燃料来源。在处理废水时，使用酿酒酵母菌作为生物催化剂，同时在阴极室中使用 340 摩尔/升的铁氰化钾，在阳极中使用 170 摩尔/升的亚甲基蓝作为介质。所有测试都是通过平衡 MFC 中一升废水的发电量来进行的，最佳条件为 10%琼脂糖、pH 值 8.5、阴极室通气速度 300 毫升/分钟、底物浓度 40%（重量）。在理想浓度下，最大电流和功率密度分别约为 53.41 mA/m2 和 72.22 mW/m2。每处理一升废水，可获得 850 mV（4.5 mA）的最大电压。令人惊讶的是，MFC 能去除污水中 91% 的 COD 和 BOD。这些研究结果表明，MFC 能够在发电的同时有效去除废水中的 COD。图表摘要

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引用次数: 0

Co-production of biochar and carbon nanotube from sewage sludge in a two-stage process coupling pyrolysis and catalytic chemical vapor deposition 通过热解和催化化学气相沉积两阶段工艺从污水污泥中联合生产生物炭和碳纳米管

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-024-00194-2

Mohd Syazwan Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Saufi Md Zaini, Muhammad Arshad, Syed Shatir A. Syed-Hassan

This study explores the potential of valorizing sewage sludge as a carbon source for the co-production of biochar and carbon nanomaterial via a two-stage thermal-catalytic process. In the first stage, sewage sludge underwent slow pyrolysis, resulting in a biochar yield of 66% (in weight) at 550 °C. The resulting pyrolysis vapor was then introduced into a second reactor, where catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) took place in the presence of a cobalt catalyst, leading to the production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). It was found that CNTs with an inner diameter of ~ 3.2 nm and an outer diameter of 20–40 nm can be formed in the second stage reactor at temperatures between 650 °C and 950 °C with a maximum yield of 30% (in weight) under the employed experimental conditions. The obtained CNTs displayed a multiwall structure, exhibited a lack of crystallinity, and demonstrated a high level of disorder. The research findings also indicate that temperature exerts a significant influence on both the yield and properties of the CNTs synthesized.

Graphical abstract

本研究探讨了通过两阶段热催化工艺将污水污泥作为碳源用于联合生产生物炭和碳纳米材料的潜力。在第一阶段，污水污泥经过缓慢热解，在 550 °C 的温度下产生了 66% 的生物炭（按重量计）。然后将热解产生的蒸汽引入第二个反应器，在钴催化剂的作用下进行催化化学气相沉积（CCVD），从而产生碳纳米管（CNTs）。研究发现，在采用的实验条件下，第二阶段反应器的温度介于 650 ℃ 和 950 ℃ 之间，可形成内径约为 3.2 nm、外径为 20-40 nm 的碳纳米管，最大产率为 30%（按重量计）。所获得的 CNT 具有多壁结构，缺乏结晶性，并表现出高度的无序性。研究结果还表明，温度对合成的碳纳米管的产率和性能都有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of ion size on the charge storage mechanism of MXenes: a combination of experimental and computational study 离子尺寸对二甲苯电荷储存机制的影响：实验与计算相结合的研究

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00188-6

Huiwen Wan, Rui Wang, Huiyang Fan, Hongbo Gao, Yucheng Chen, Zhu Liu

MXene nanomaterials have attracted great interest as the electrode of supercapacitors. However, its energy storage mechanisms in organic electrolytes are still unclear. This work investigated the size effect of cations (i.e., Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, and EMIM⁺) on the capacitive behaviors of MXene-based supercapacitors. The experimental results demonstrate that the specific capacitance increases obviously with decreasing cation size (i.e., from 43 F g⁻¹ (EMIM⁺) to 129 F g⁻¹ (Li⁺) at 2 mV s⁻¹). Density-functional theory calculation reveals a correlation between cation size and ion–electrode surface interaction, supporting experimental observations of the capacitive-dominant behavior. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the ionic solvation structure and desolvation degree of intercalated cations as a function of solvation size, providing dynamic insights into the experimentally observed specific capacitance trends. Our comprehensive experimental and computational study provides valuable insights into the intricate solvation effects governing the charge storage mechanisms. This finding of ion dynamics, solvation structure, and desolvation may contribute to guide the design and optimization of appropriate ions/electrolytes combinations for MXene-based supercapacitors.

Graphical abstract

摘要 MXene 纳米材料作为超级电容器的电极引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，其在有机电解质中的储能机理尚不清楚。本研究探讨了阳离子（即 Li+、Na+、K+ 和 EMIM+）的大小对 MXene 超级电容器电容行为的影响。实验结果表明，比电容随着阳离子尺寸的减小而明显增加（即在 2 mV s-1 时，从 43 F g-1（EMIM+）增加到 129 F g-1（Li+））。密度泛函理论计算揭示了阳离子大小与离子-电极表面相互作用之间的相关性，支持了电容主导行为的实验观察结果。分子动力学模拟揭示了离子溶解结构和插层阳离子的解溶解度是溶解大小的函数，为实验观察到的比电容趋势提供了动态见解。我们的综合实验和计算研究为了解电荷存储机制中错综复杂的溶解效应提供了宝贵的见解。有关离子动力学、溶胶结构和解溶胶的这一发现可能有助于指导设计和优化基于 MXene 的超级电容器的适当离子/电解质组合。图表摘要

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and characterization of nanocarbon from waste batteries via an eco-friendly method 用环保方法从废电池中合成纳米碳并确定其特性

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00180-0

Maraim Kh. Uoda, Hussein Q. Hussein, Rana R. Jalil

The widespread use of disposable batteries to power common electronic devices is a major source of e-waste. There are growing environmental and health concerns due to the expansion of e-waste around the world. Hence, developing a reliable system for recycling old batteries has reached the top of the recycling priority list. The current study presents a novel approach to synthesis carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) from spent batteries via an eco-friendly method that offers economical, environment-friendly, and nontoxic approaches in comparison to conventional chemical methods. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), UV–VIS absorption analysis (UV), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Atomic force microscope (AFM), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The average diameter of the synthesized particles was 40.16 nm, and the particles tended to be aspherical in shape. EDX analysis also predicted the presence of pure carbon, with some contamination arrived at 15% (in weight). This is a novel study in which nanocarbons were synthesized in a brine (7600×10⁻⁶) from a target (CNPs>75 nm), which paves the way for future use of CNPs derived from spent batteries and helps the environment by decreasing the amount of electronic waste dumped in landfills.

Graphical abstract

广泛使用一次性电池为普通电子设备供电是电子垃圾的一个主要来源。由于电子垃圾在全球范围内的不断扩大，人们对环境和健康的担忧与日俱增。因此，开发一种可靠的旧电池回收系统已成为回收的首要任务。本研究提出了一种从废旧电池中合成碳纳米粒子（CNPs）的新方法，与传统化学方法相比，该方法具有经济、环保和无毒的特点。合成的纳米颗粒通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、能量色散 X 射线（EDX）、粉末 X 射线衍射仪（XRD）、紫外可见吸收分析（UV）、傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和热重分析（TGA）进行了表征。合成颗粒的平均直径为 40.16 nm，颗粒形状趋于非球面。EDX 分析还预测了纯碳的存在，部分污染达到 15%（重量百分比）。这是一项在盐水（7600×10-6）中从目标物（CNPs>75 nm）合成纳米碳的新颖研究，它为将来使用从废电池中提取的 CNPs 铺平了道路，并通过减少倾倒在垃圾填埋场的电子废物数量来保护环境。

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引用次数: 0

Determination of characteristics for mechanically separated organic fraction of MSW at a full-scale anaerobic digestion plant 确定全规模厌氧消化工厂机械分离的城市固体废物有机部分的特征

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00183-x

Yagmur Kabakci, Sadiye Kosar, Ozgur Dogan, Fehmi Gorkem Uctug, Osman Atilla Arikan

Anaerobic digestion (AD) as a waste management method has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while producing renewable energy, making it a viable option for managing the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). OFMSW characteristics can vary depending on factors such as waste source, composition and separation units. The characteristics of OFMSW are critical for analyzing and monitoring the AD process to optimize biogas production. In this study, the waste composition and physicochemical characteristics of the mechanically separated OFMSW (ms-OFMSW) were determined at a full-scale AD plant in Türkiye. The ms-OFMSW samples were collected monthly after mechanical separation and were subsequently sent to the anaerobic digester. The composition and physicochemical characteristics of the samples were determined by manual sorting. The results showed that the majority of the ms-OFMSW (76.45%±1.71%) was organic, while 8.99%±1.56% was recyclable and 14.56%±1.69% was non-recyclable. Loss of environmental benefits for the recyclable materials was determined using a free online tool provided by Environmental Protection Agency. Metals (399.7 GJ) and plastics (403.7 GJ) both saved nearly the same amount of energy while metals saved the most water (421.8 m³), with the greatest positive impact. Greenhouse benefits ranged from 3 tons to 40 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent for each waste stream. These findings suggest that efficient pre-separation units can improve the anaerobic digestibility of OFMSW, while also providing greater environmental benefits by preventing recyclable waste from the anaerobic digester. In addition to encouraging source separation applications, this study demonstrates the need for improved technologies to separate OFMSW from mixed MSW.

Graphical abstract

摘要作为一种废物管理方法，厌氧消化（AD）具有减少温室气体排放的潜力，同时还能产生可再生能源，因此是管理城市固体废物（OFMSW）中有机部分的可行选择。城市固体废物的特性会因废物来源、成分和分离装置等因素而有所不同。OFMSW 的特性对于分析和监控厌氧消化（AD）过程以优化沼气生产至关重要。本研究在土耳其的一家全规模厌氧消化（AD）工厂测定了机械分离的 OFMSW（ms-OFMSW）的废物成分和理化特性。机械分离后的超微细废水样本每月收集一次，随后送入厌氧消化器。样品的成分和理化特性是通过人工分类确定的。结果表明，大部分（76.45%±1.71%）的微量超微细有机物为有机物，8.99%±1.56%为可回收物，14.56%±1.69%为不可回收物。可回收材料的环境效益损失是通过环境保护局提供的免费在线工具确定的。金属（399.7 千兆焦耳）和塑料（403.7 千兆焦耳）节约的能源几乎相同，而金属节约的水量最多（421.8 立方米），产生的积极影响最大。每种废物流的温室效应从 3 吨到 40 吨二氧化碳当量不等。这些研究结果表明，高效的预分离装置可以提高 OFMSW 的厌氧消化率，同时还可以防止可回收废物进入厌氧消化器，从而带来更大的环境效益。除了鼓励源头分离应用外，这项研究还表明，需要改进技术，将 OFMSW 从混合 MSW 中分离出来。图表摘要

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引用次数: 0

A review on the chemical speciation and influencing factors of heavy metals in Municipal Solid Waste landfill humus 城市固体废弃物填埋场腐殖土中重金属的化学式及影响因素综述

Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy

Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00186-8

Qiongyu Sun, Bo Sun, Defeng Wang, Yuyuan Pu, Mingxiu Zhan, Xu Xu, Jinqing Wang, Wentao Jiao

Heavy metal pollution in landfill humus can cause serious environmental problems and may endanger soil ecosystems and human health. The biological toxicity of heavy metals is not only related to their total amount but also influenced to a greater extent by the distribution of their chemical speciation. Exploring the different chemical speciation and proportions of heavy metals can provide a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the pollution characteristics and biological toxicity of heavy metals in landfill soil. Based on a review of the relevant literature, this paper systematically summarizes the recent research status of typical heavy metal chemical speciation in landfill humus. This chemical speciation is diverse and complex. For instance, heavy metals in residual states and organically bound states have little impact on organisms, while heavy metals in exchangeable states and Fe–Mn oxide states can easily migrate and transform. The chemical speciation of heavy metals is affected by many factors, among which the soil pH and organic matter content are some of the most important factors. Finally, the existing gaps in the current research on the chemical speciation of heavy metals in landfills are described and future research directions are proposed. This work provides a theoretical reference for researching the restoration of heavy metal-contaminated humus soil and the resource utilization of humus soil.

Graphical abstract

垃圾填埋场腐殖土中的重金属污染会造成严重的环境问题，并可能危及土壤生态系统和人类健康。重金属的生物毒性不仅与其总量有关，在更大程度上还受其化学成分分布的影响。探究重金属的不同化学成分和比例，可以更全面、准确地了解垃圾填埋场土壤中重金属的污染特征和生物毒性。本文在综述相关文献的基础上，系统总结了近年来垃圾填埋场腐殖土中典型重金属化学标型的研究现状。这种化学式是多样而复杂的。例如，残留态和有机结合态的重金属对生物的影响很小，而可交换态和铁锰氧化物态的重金属则很容易迁移和转化。重金属的化学式受多种因素影响，其中土壤 pH 值和有机物含量是最重要的因素。最后，介绍了目前在垃圾填埋场重金属化学标示研究方面存在的不足，并提出了未来的研究方向。这项工作为研究重金属污染腐殖土的修复和腐殖土的资源化利用提供了理论参考。图文摘要

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引用次数: 0