K. Kapoor, S. Hoseini, J. Choi, B. E. Nussbaum, Y. Zhang, K. Shetty, C. Skaar, M. Ward, L. Wilson, K. Shinbrough, E. Edwards, R. Wiltfong, C. P. Lualdi, Offir Cohen, P. G. Kwiat, V. O. Lorenz
We present a quantum network that distributes entangled photons between the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and a public library in Urbana. The network allows members of the public to perform measurements on the photons. We describe its design and implementation and outreach based on the network. Over 400 instances of public interaction have been logged with the system since it was launched in November 2023.
{"title":"Public quantum network: The first node","authors":"K. Kapoor, S. Hoseini, J. Choi, B. E. Nussbaum, Y. Zhang, K. Shetty, C. Skaar, M. Ward, L. Wilson, K. Shinbrough, E. Edwards, R. Wiltfong, C. P. Lualdi, Offir Cohen, P. G. Kwiat, V. O. Lorenz","doi":"10.1063/5.0241562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0241562","url":null,"abstract":"We present a quantum network that distributes entangled photons between the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign and a public library in Urbana. The network allows members of the public to perform measurements on the photons. We describe its design and implementation and outreach based on the network. Over 400 instances of public interaction have been logged with the system since it was launched in November 2023.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) hold promises for aerospace and satellite applications, owing to their high-voltage and low-temperature stability. However, concerns about electrochemical degradation under high-energy radiation hinder their widespread use in space. To this end, a NASICON-type Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) electrolyte with high ionic conductivity at room temperature was selected, and the effects of high-dose electron irradiation on the microstructure as well as electrochemical and mechanical properties of electrolyte were investigated by using neutron powder diffraction (NPD), NPD stress analysis, micro-computed tomography, nanoindentation, and XRD residual stress test. It was confirmed that LATP SSEs held good resistance to irradiation at absorbed doses of 1 and 2 MGy with negligibly performance degradation, while irradiation at high doses induced a rapid decrease in the Young modulus and hardness of SSEs and introduced a tensile stress of 65.79 MPa at up to 10 MGy absorbed dose, which increased the cracking tendency and the risk of lithium dendrite growth in the solid-state electrolyte. NPD revealed that the reduction of lithium vacancies at the M1 site of the irradiated SSEs was the critical factor for the ion transport performance degradation. This is evidenced by a significant increase in impedance, up to 453 Ω, and an increase in the activation energy for ion transport to 0.501 eV.
{"title":"Electro-chemo-mechanical deterioration of high-dose electron irradiated Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 electrolyte","authors":"Yingjie Dong, Yunhan Niu, Haiting Shi, Xianyan Wu, Hao Li, Yaohui Liang, Zhiwei Xu","doi":"10.1063/5.0248457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248457","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) hold promises for aerospace and satellite applications, owing to their high-voltage and low-temperature stability. However, concerns about electrochemical degradation under high-energy radiation hinder their widespread use in space. To this end, a NASICON-type Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) electrolyte with high ionic conductivity at room temperature was selected, and the effects of high-dose electron irradiation on the microstructure as well as electrochemical and mechanical properties of electrolyte were investigated by using neutron powder diffraction (NPD), NPD stress analysis, micro-computed tomography, nanoindentation, and XRD residual stress test. It was confirmed that LATP SSEs held good resistance to irradiation at absorbed doses of 1 and 2 MGy with negligibly performance degradation, while irradiation at high doses induced a rapid decrease in the Young modulus and hardness of SSEs and introduced a tensile stress of 65.79 MPa at up to 10 MGy absorbed dose, which increased the cracking tendency and the risk of lithium dendrite growth in the solid-state electrolyte. NPD revealed that the reduction of lithium vacancies at the M1 site of the irradiated SSEs was the critical factor for the ion transport performance degradation. This is evidenced by a significant increase in impedance, up to 453 Ω, and an increase in the activation energy for ion transport to 0.501 eV.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"79 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxin Sun, Jinhua Li, Zhiying Wang, Lu Cai, Fengxue Tan
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is sustainable and environmentally friendly. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly chosen as a photocatalyst of PHE due to its non-toxicity, robust stability, and superior photocatalytic activity. However, the efficacy of TiO2 is restricted by rapid electron–hole pair recombination, limited electron mobility, and sluggish surface reactions. To address these issues, we have synthesized a Ni–P alloy onto the surface of TiO2 (Ni–P/TiO2) using a safe and efficient photo-deposition method, thereby constructing a Schottky heterojunction photocatalyst. The construction of the heterojunction significantly reduces the recombination rates of photoinduced electron–hole pairs and enhances the charge transfer rates within the photocatalyst. Additionally, the incorporation of the Ni–P alloy increases the density of oxygen vacancies, providing abundant active sites for the reduction reaction. The metallic properties of the Ni–P alloy improve the overall light absorption capacity. As a result, Ni–P/TiO2 exhibits exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen production capability. When the mass ratio of the Ni–P alloy to TiO2 is 12 wt. %, the hydrogen evolution rate reaches its maximum value at 1654.2 μmol g−1 h−1. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations substantiate that the formation of an internal electric field between the Ni–P alloy and TiO2 facilitates electron migration and carrier separation. This investigation provides a promising strategy for constructing TiO2-based Schottky heterojunctions to improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance.
{"title":"Construction of Ni–P/TiO2 Schottky heterojunction via photo-deposition to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity","authors":"Yuxin Sun, Jinhua Li, Zhiying Wang, Lu Cai, Fengxue Tan","doi":"10.1063/5.0251261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251261","url":null,"abstract":"Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is sustainable and environmentally friendly. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly chosen as a photocatalyst of PHE due to its non-toxicity, robust stability, and superior photocatalytic activity. However, the efficacy of TiO2 is restricted by rapid electron–hole pair recombination, limited electron mobility, and sluggish surface reactions. To address these issues, we have synthesized a Ni–P alloy onto the surface of TiO2 (Ni–P/TiO2) using a safe and efficient photo-deposition method, thereby constructing a Schottky heterojunction photocatalyst. The construction of the heterojunction significantly reduces the recombination rates of photoinduced electron–hole pairs and enhances the charge transfer rates within the photocatalyst. Additionally, the incorporation of the Ni–P alloy increases the density of oxygen vacancies, providing abundant active sites for the reduction reaction. The metallic properties of the Ni–P alloy improve the overall light absorption capacity. As a result, Ni–P/TiO2 exhibits exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen production capability. When the mass ratio of the Ni–P alloy to TiO2 is 12 wt. %, the hydrogen evolution rate reaches its maximum value at 1654.2 μmol g−1 h−1. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations substantiate that the formation of an internal electric field between the Ni–P alloy and TiO2 facilitates electron migration and carrier separation. This investigation provides a promising strategy for constructing TiO2-based Schottky heterojunctions to improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dong-Duan Liu, Qiao Li, Yu-Jie Zhu, Ruo-Jie Cheng, Tan Zeng, Hongxiao Yang, Jun Ma, Jin-Liang He, Qi Li, Chao Yuan
Dielectric polymers for electrostatic energy storage are used in modern electronic and electrical systems, and their performance can be significantly enhanced through doping with ultralow content nanofillers to improve energy storage performance. Understanding the underlying physical mechanisms of polymer nanocomposites is essential for designing high-performance dielectric polymers. This paper presents a conduction model that integrates Richardson–Schottky emission and hopping conduction to describe charge injection and transport in polymer composites. Phase-field simulations, incorporating electrical, thermal, and mechanical breakdown mechanisms, investigate the influence of nanofiller volume fraction, size, and dielectric constant on the dielectric response and breakdown behaviors under high temperature and electric fields. We propose the Physics-Informed Neural Networks for phase-field simulation that integrates the physical rules of charge transport, phase evolution, and boundary conditions. By embedding phase field models within the Physics-Informed Neural Networks' structure, this method demonstrates the ability to predict the breakdown strength and energy density of polymer nanocomposites. This work provides crucial guidelines for designing high-performance dielectric energy storage capacitors under extreme conditions.
{"title":"Physics-informed neural networks for phase-field simulation in designing high energy storage performance polymer nanocomposites","authors":"Dong-Duan Liu, Qiao Li, Yu-Jie Zhu, Ruo-Jie Cheng, Tan Zeng, Hongxiao Yang, Jun Ma, Jin-Liang He, Qi Li, Chao Yuan","doi":"10.1063/5.0244002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0244002","url":null,"abstract":"Dielectric polymers for electrostatic energy storage are used in modern electronic and electrical systems, and their performance can be significantly enhanced through doping with ultralow content nanofillers to improve energy storage performance. Understanding the underlying physical mechanisms of polymer nanocomposites is essential for designing high-performance dielectric polymers. This paper presents a conduction model that integrates Richardson–Schottky emission and hopping conduction to describe charge injection and transport in polymer composites. Phase-field simulations, incorporating electrical, thermal, and mechanical breakdown mechanisms, investigate the influence of nanofiller volume fraction, size, and dielectric constant on the dielectric response and breakdown behaviors under high temperature and electric fields. We propose the Physics-Informed Neural Networks for phase-field simulation that integrates the physical rules of charge transport, phase evolution, and boundary conditions. By embedding phase field models within the Physics-Informed Neural Networks' structure, this method demonstrates the ability to predict the breakdown strength and energy density of polymer nanocomposites. This work provides crucial guidelines for designing high-performance dielectric energy storage capacitors under extreme conditions.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, we reported the fabrication of improved Au/ZnO/Si resistance switching (RS) devices achieved by introducing buried cone-like Au nanoparticles (NPs). The Au NPs were facilely obtained by thermally annealing a thin Au film grown on a Si substrate, which did not influence the subsequent growth of ZnO thin films. Electric measurements verified typical RS behaviors in the Au/ZnO/Si devices, which are related to the recovery and rupture of conductive filaments due to electric field-driven oxygen vacancy migration. Notably, COMSOL-based electrostatic field simulations on Au/ZnO/Au structures have shown that an enhanced local electric field with 4.5 times enhancement was produced at the tip of Au NPs, which facilitated the oxygen vacancies migration around the tip of Au NPs. Accordingly, controlled formation and rupture of conductive filaments are proposed in the Au/ZnO/Au NPs/Si devices, which greatly improved the RS window, stability, and endurance. The results shown in this work may pave the way for the fabrication of high-performance oxide-based RS devices in the future.
{"title":"Buried Au nanoparticles-assisted enhancement of local electric field toward improved resistance switching in Au/ZnO/Si structures","authors":"Zhicheng Lv, Mingming Chen, Qunzhong Zhang, Huimin Zhang, Chenglin Zhang, Dawei Cao","doi":"10.1063/5.0248210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248210","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we reported the fabrication of improved Au/ZnO/Si resistance switching (RS) devices achieved by introducing buried cone-like Au nanoparticles (NPs). The Au NPs were facilely obtained by thermally annealing a thin Au film grown on a Si substrate, which did not influence the subsequent growth of ZnO thin films. Electric measurements verified typical RS behaviors in the Au/ZnO/Si devices, which are related to the recovery and rupture of conductive filaments due to electric field-driven oxygen vacancy migration. Notably, COMSOL-based electrostatic field simulations on Au/ZnO/Au structures have shown that an enhanced local electric field with 4.5 times enhancement was produced at the tip of Au NPs, which facilitated the oxygen vacancies migration around the tip of Au NPs. Accordingly, controlled formation and rupture of conductive filaments are proposed in the Au/ZnO/Au NPs/Si devices, which greatly improved the RS window, stability, and endurance. The results shown in this work may pave the way for the fabrication of high-performance oxide-based RS devices in the future.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Free-space strong-field terahertz (THz) radiation has significant applications in non-equilibrium quantum matter modulation, all-optical electron acceleration and manipulation, THz biomedical effects, and so on. However, certain applications like THz endoscopes, strong-field THz near-field nonlinear optics, and THz high-power devices require a deep understanding of strong-field THz–matter interaction mechanisms. Therefore, improving the manipulation of strong-field THz coupling and propagation characteristics, particularly through the use of metal wire waveguides, is crucial. To this end, we systematically investigate the coupling and propagation characteristics of strong-field THz waves on the surface of tungsten wires and implement two effective coupling methods: two-wire coupling and crossover coupling. This allows for a propagation distance of up to 100 mm along the tungsten surface as THz surface waves. This effective control of strong-field THz waves using metal wires enables the guidance of THz waves from free space into transmission lines and waveguides, which holds significant value for various specific applications.
{"title":"Coupling and propagation of strong-field THz waves on tungsten wires","authors":"Jiahua Cai, Hongting Xiong, Shaojie Liu, Xiaojun Wu","doi":"10.1063/5.0252779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252779","url":null,"abstract":"Free-space strong-field terahertz (THz) radiation has significant applications in non-equilibrium quantum matter modulation, all-optical electron acceleration and manipulation, THz biomedical effects, and so on. However, certain applications like THz endoscopes, strong-field THz near-field nonlinear optics, and THz high-power devices require a deep understanding of strong-field THz–matter interaction mechanisms. Therefore, improving the manipulation of strong-field THz coupling and propagation characteristics, particularly through the use of metal wire waveguides, is crucial. To this end, we systematically investigate the coupling and propagation characteristics of strong-field THz waves on the surface of tungsten wires and implement two effective coupling methods: two-wire coupling and crossover coupling. This allows for a propagation distance of up to 100 mm along the tungsten surface as THz surface waves. This effective control of strong-field THz waves using metal wires enables the guidance of THz waves from free space into transmission lines and waveguides, which holds significant value for various specific applications.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a method for levitating films with a surface size larger than the wavelength using airborne ultrasound phased arrays. A typical example is a polyimide film with a side length of 40–50 mm and a thickness of 5 μm (aspect ratio: 8–10 × 103). We verified our method by measuring the height, horizontal position, and vibration of the levitating film. The results show that the film levitates at the height of the original standing wave node and at discrete horizontal positions approximately every transducer interval. The levitated film vibrates at the same frequency as the ultrasonic transducer and cannot be regarded as rigid against ultrasonic waves. Different film materials and thicknesses were examined, including metal foils and wood papers. In this study, the maximum surface density of the films that levitated was 3.5 ×10−2 mg/mm2. Therefore, the proposed method can be used to hold film samples in the air for observation or as an aerial screen.
{"title":"Acoustic levitation of super-wavelength elastic films using ultrasound phased arrays","authors":"Gakuto Arakawa, Shun Suzuki, Takaaki Kamigaki, Yasutoshi Makino, Hiroyuki Shinoda","doi":"10.1063/5.0247416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0247416","url":null,"abstract":"We present a method for levitating films with a surface size larger than the wavelength using airborne ultrasound phased arrays. A typical example is a polyimide film with a side length of 40–50 mm and a thickness of 5 μm (aspect ratio: 8–10 × 103). We verified our method by measuring the height, horizontal position, and vibration of the levitating film. The results show that the film levitates at the height of the original standing wave node and at discrete horizontal positions approximately every transducer interval. The levitated film vibrates at the same frequency as the ultrasonic transducer and cannot be regarded as rigid against ultrasonic waves. Different film materials and thicknesses were examined, including metal foils and wood papers. In this study, the maximum surface density of the films that levitated was 3.5 ×10−2 mg/mm2. Therefore, the proposed method can be used to hold film samples in the air for observation or as an aerial screen.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GeSe has recently gained attention for its structural similarity to SnSe, an excellent thermoelectric material. However, for the orthorhombic GeSe, the maximum zT is limited to ∼0.2 at 700 K. A significant improvement in the thermoelectric performance is observed when GeSe is stabilized in a rhombohedral or cubic structure; thus, the crystal structure plays an important role in GeSe for improved zT. In this study, we investigated the structural transitions and thermoelectric properties of Te-substituted GeSe. Increasing Te substitution in GeSe1-xTex (x = 0.00–0.50) induces a transition from orthorhombic to rhombohedral crystal structure at ambient conditions with the maximum zT ∼ 0.58 observed in rhombohedral GeSe0.6Te0.4 at 573 K. The improved thermoelectric performance in the rhombohedral phase is due to a concurrent increase in the power factor and a decrease in lattice thermal conductivity. The phonon dispersion calculation tells that the high-frequency optical phonon modes significantly increase the phonon–phonon scattering for the rhombohedral phase, enhancing the lattice anharmonicity and reducing the lattice thermal conductivity. This behavior aligns with the presence of metavalent bonding in rhombohedral GeSe. Additionally, peak broadening observed in the Raman spectra of the rhombohedral phase indicates pronounced lattice anharmonicity and phonon modes softening due to the metavalent bond character.
{"title":"Crystal structure manipulation to achieve better thermoelectric performance in Te-substituted GeSe","authors":"Srashti Vishvakarma, Soham Mandal, Ashutosh Srivastava, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Prabal K. Maiti, Ramesh Chandra Mallik","doi":"10.1063/5.0250386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0250386","url":null,"abstract":"GeSe has recently gained attention for its structural similarity to SnSe, an excellent thermoelectric material. However, for the orthorhombic GeSe, the maximum zT is limited to ∼0.2 at 700 K. A significant improvement in the thermoelectric performance is observed when GeSe is stabilized in a rhombohedral or cubic structure; thus, the crystal structure plays an important role in GeSe for improved zT. In this study, we investigated the structural transitions and thermoelectric properties of Te-substituted GeSe. Increasing Te substitution in GeSe1-xTex (x = 0.00–0.50) induces a transition from orthorhombic to rhombohedral crystal structure at ambient conditions with the maximum zT ∼ 0.58 observed in rhombohedral GeSe0.6Te0.4 at 573 K. The improved thermoelectric performance in the rhombohedral phase is due to a concurrent increase in the power factor and a decrease in lattice thermal conductivity. The phonon dispersion calculation tells that the high-frequency optical phonon modes significantly increase the phonon–phonon scattering for the rhombohedral phase, enhancing the lattice anharmonicity and reducing the lattice thermal conductivity. This behavior aligns with the presence of metavalent bonding in rhombohedral GeSe. Additionally, peak broadening observed in the Raman spectra of the rhombohedral phase indicates pronounced lattice anharmonicity and phonon modes softening due to the metavalent bond character.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we systematically modified the polymer structure by incorporating non-conjugated units and substituting atoms in the fused-ring core, resulting in significant alterations to intermolecular interaction energies of −974.1, −1076.4, and −1115.1 kJ/mol between the polymer:chloroform and polymer:ethylene glycol. These modifications greatly enhance the orientation of the all-polymer backbone and the intrinsic polarization-sensitive performance of the device, demonstrating exceptional capabilities in polarized light detection and imaging. The optimal device exhibits an ultra-fast response speed of 10.6 μs, a wide frequency response of 17.78 kHz, and a large linear dynamic range of 132.3 dB with good imaging ability, indicating potential benefits for a diverse array of extreme applications. This work illustrates how the strategy of incorporating non-conjugated units and modifying the core atoms can contribute to continuous improvements in molecular orientation and polarized light detection.
{"title":"Regulation of intermolecular interaction energies for improving polarization-sensitive photodetection","authors":"Zhimin Shao, Feng Yu, Yijing Fan, Zhi Tan, Guanglu Lin, Junquan Luo, Chuan Chen, Yibo Lv, Peng Chen, Wenjie Mai, Wenyan Su, Qunping Fan, Wei Zhang, Jiaxing Jiang, Renqiang Yang, Lintao Hou","doi":"10.1063/5.0250629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0250629","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we systematically modified the polymer structure by incorporating non-conjugated units and substituting atoms in the fused-ring core, resulting in significant alterations to intermolecular interaction energies of −974.1, −1076.4, and −1115.1 kJ/mol between the polymer:chloroform and polymer:ethylene glycol. These modifications greatly enhance the orientation of the all-polymer backbone and the intrinsic polarization-sensitive performance of the device, demonstrating exceptional capabilities in polarized light detection and imaging. The optimal device exhibits an ultra-fast response speed of 10.6 μs, a wide frequency response of 17.78 kHz, and a large linear dynamic range of 132.3 dB with good imaging ability, indicating potential benefits for a diverse array of extreme applications. This work illustrates how the strategy of incorporating non-conjugated units and modifying the core atoms can contribute to continuous improvements in molecular orientation and polarized light detection.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetoelectric transducers are being investigated as a promising alternative for wireless power transfer in cases where small device size and/or low operation frequency are desired. To maximize the output power of such transducers, operation at their mechanical resonance frequency is imperative. However, a reduction in size along the direction of oscillation is intrinsically accompanied by an increase in resonance frequency. Here, we report on a computational shape optimization strategy to minimize the resonance frequency in magnetoelectric transducers by ≈38% within a set of given optimization constraints. We show that our algorithm can be used to guide the design of magnetoelectric transducers optimized to operate at different resonance frequencies and allows for consistent frequency spacing between transducers, thus enabling separately addressable devices and clustered operation. Finally, we propose four needle-shaped devices that could be used as bioimplants that impose minimal tissue damage upon direct insertion into tissue. The increase in resonance frequency associated with the needle shape is overcompensated by a frequency minimization step. Our work paves the way for computationally guided resonance frequency tuning in the field of magnetoelectric transducers.
{"title":"Engineering mechanical resonances of magnetoelectric transducers","authors":"Julian F. Butscher, Malte C. Gather","doi":"10.1063/5.0249464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0249464","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetoelectric transducers are being investigated as a promising alternative for wireless power transfer in cases where small device size and/or low operation frequency are desired. To maximize the output power of such transducers, operation at their mechanical resonance frequency is imperative. However, a reduction in size along the direction of oscillation is intrinsically accompanied by an increase in resonance frequency. Here, we report on a computational shape optimization strategy to minimize the resonance frequency in magnetoelectric transducers by ≈38% within a set of given optimization constraints. We show that our algorithm can be used to guide the design of magnetoelectric transducers optimized to operate at different resonance frequencies and allows for consistent frequency spacing between transducers, thus enabling separately addressable devices and clustered operation. Finally, we propose four needle-shaped devices that could be used as bioimplants that impose minimal tissue damage upon direct insertion into tissue. The increase in resonance frequency associated with the needle shape is overcompensated by a frequency minimization step. Our work paves the way for computationally guided resonance frequency tuning in the field of magnetoelectric transducers.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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