Applied Soil Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Subsurface drip irrigation with micro-nano bubble hydrogen water improves the salt tolerance of lettuce by regulating the antioxidant system and soil bacterial community","authors":"Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Guo ,&nbsp;Qihang Zhao ,&nbsp;Rui Chen ,&nbsp;Guanlin Li ,&nbsp;Bo Zhou ,&nbsp;Pengfei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinization is a severe environmental issue limiting the growth and yield of crops worldwide. Subsurface drip irrigation with micro-nano bubble hydrogen water (SDH) is an innovative way to realize the role of hydrogen gas (H₂) in improving plant resistance to salt stress in practical agricultural productions. Nonetheless, limited information is available on how SDH affects the plant salt tolerance performance. Especially, the underlying physiological respond, hormone-regulated and soil microbial-mediated mechanisms have not been reported so far. In this study, the effects of SDH on lettuce (<em>Lactuca sativa</em> L.) growth, photosynthesis, root development, antioxidant system, phytohormone, and soil microbial community were investigated under normal and salt stress conditions. The results showed that, with salt stress, SDH significantly enhanced the lettuce fresh weight, photosynthesis activity, and root growth. The leaf antioxidant enzyme activities increased and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content decreased to reduce the oxidative damage. The decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content indicated a low membrane lipid peroxidation responsible for cellular damage. SDH also helped to maintain osmotic homeostasis, which was reflected by the increased soluble protein (SP) content. Reduced Na⁺/K⁺ ratio and ROS did not trigger excessive production of stress response hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA), which alleviated the mediated growth inhibition effects. SDH enriched the abundance of the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in the soil, such as <em>Arthrobacte</em>r and <em>Pseudomonas</em>. That might be the reason for explaining the increase in hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA) in lettuce and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity in the soil, which was beneficial for inhibiting ethylene production and promoting plant growth. Under the normal condition, variations of physiological and growth indicators as affected by SDH were similar to those under the salt stress condition, except for root development. High concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in water might expel the oxygen. The induced soil anoxic environment limited oxygen diffusion, in turn inhibited root respiration and growth. The effect of hydrogen concentration on the plant tolerance against salt stress under different salt content could be further studied.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomics reveals divergent functional profiles of soil carbon and nitrogen cycles in an experimental drought and phosphorus-poor desert ecosystem","authors":"Yanju Gao ,&nbsp;Akash Tariq ,&nbsp;Fanjiang Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiangyi Li ,&nbsp;Jordi Sardans ,&nbsp;Dhafer A. Al-Bakre ,&nbsp;Josep Peñuelas","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles are fundamental biogeochemical processes in terrestrial ecosystems. The specific contribution of soil biodiversity toward these processes in hyper-arid desert environments with limited availability of water and phosphorus (P) remains ambiguous. This study performed a three-year pot experiment to determine the importance of biodiversity among dominant soil microbes in C and N cycling under varying conditions of water (drought and well-watered) and P (no, low, medium, and high) supply. The dissolved organic C (DOC) and ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) concentrations and cellulase and nitrite reductase activities were 11 %, 18 %, 49 %, and 14 % lower, respectively, under drought with no-P supply conditions (stress scenario) compared with well-watered with high-P supply conditions (accommodative scenarios); however, the nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) concentration and ammonia monooxygenase activity under these stress conditions were 16 % and 44 % higher. The relative abundances of the C-cycling genes (60 %) associated with all C-cycling processes (e.g., <em>frdB</em>, <em>mcmA1</em>, and <em>IDH3</em>), while N-cycling genes (57 %) were associated mainly with dissimilatory nitrate reduction and N degradation (e.g., <em>nrfA</em>, <em>gltS</em>, and <em>glnA</em>). The dominant microbe diversity, mainly copiotrophic bacteria in Acidobacteria, was lower under drought with no-P supply compared with the well-watered with high-P supply treatment. The relative abundances of these two genes, the dominant microbe biodiversity, and soil DOC and NH₄⁺-N concentrations were strongly positively correlated. This research indicates that drought and/or low-P conditions can impede nitrification and soil organic matter reduction and decomposition and promote denitrification. Additionally, the findings emphasise the importance of dominant soil microbe biodiversity in driving desert soil C and N cycling. These results could provide evidence-based recommendations for the sustainable preservation of the composition and capabilities of desert ecosystems and further contribute to addressing desert ecosystem imbalances caused by global climate change by increasing soil fertility and greening desert landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The coupling effects of long-term straw return and plant selection facilitate rhizosphere nitrogen supply by promoting recruitment of core genera","authors":"Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Zhou ,&nbsp;Congrong Miao ,&nbsp;Jianwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Ding ,&nbsp;Zhenghui Liu ,&nbsp;Weiwei Li ,&nbsp;Yu Jiang ,&nbsp;Ganghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Straw return has been widely recommended as an effective agricultural practice for improving soil microbial community structure and nitrogen supply. Despite substantial researches on microbial changes in rhizosphere and bulk soils, the interaction between long-term straw incorporation and plant selection on rhizosphere microbial contributions to soil nitrogen supply are still not fully clear. Here, we show through an 11-year field experiment that the interaction effect of straw return and plant selection had a greater impact on bacterial community compared to the individual effects of straw return or plant selection. This interaction reduced α-diversity at the jointing and heading stages, increased community differentiation, enhanced microbial network connectance, and elevated the relative abundances of <em>Rhizobiales</em>, <em>Sphingomonadales</em>, and <em>Xanthomonadales</em>. Weighted Correlation Network Analysis identified core bacterial genera associated with nitrogen supply, such as <em>Sphingomonas</em>, <em>Bradyrhizobium</em>, <em>Pseudolabrys</em>, and <em>Gemmatimonas</em>. The interaction increased the relative abundance of these key genera in the rhizosphere. Furthermore, Partial least squares-path modeling analysis revealed that soil microbial communities and their associated nitrogen supply are influenced by soil dissolved organic carbon, which is regulated by the effects of straw return and plant selection. These findings offer insights into plant-microbe feedback mechanisms and informing strategies for sustainable, high-yield agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-quantity straw combined with microbial fertilizer positively drives soil multifunctionality and fertility in degraded arid desert ecosystems","authors":"Jing Tian ,&nbsp;Lianyan Bu ,&nbsp;Jianping Luo ,&nbsp;Haiyang Tang ,&nbsp;Yaxin Chai ,&nbsp;Gehong Wei ,&nbsp;Honglei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Combining straw incorporation with microbial fertilizer in soils has been widely recommended for improving soil function and productivity. However, the effects of high-quantity straw input and the introduction of microbial fertilizer on soil microbial diversity, functional attributes, and nutrient enhancement in degraded sandy soils are inadequately comprehended. Herein, we established a field trial with five treatments: low-quantity straw input (LS), high-quantity straw input (HS), low-quantity straw combined with microbial fertilizer (LSM), high-quantity straw combined with microbial fertilizer (HSM), and without straw and microbial fertilizer (Control). Results indicated that all amendment treatments had a positive impact on soil multifunctionality (SMF) and pivotal nutrient contents. Compared to the control, HSM increased the SMF, total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) by 205.56 %, 140.00 %, 133.58 %, and 100.00 %, respectively. Biomaterials input reduced fungal richness and bacterial β-diversity. A network analysis showed that the external disturbance promoted species competition and niche separation. Compared to the control, HS notably increased the abundance of functional genes associated with carbon (C) decomposition (by 10.30–64.62-fold), while downgrading the abundance of genes related to C fixation (by 0.75–0.97-fold). The abundance of denitrification-related genes involved in <em>nirK</em> and <em>nirS</em> underwent a notable 25.97-fold increase under HS, while HSM exhibited a 3.82-fold increase in <em>nosZ</em> abundance. Meanwhile, the introduction of microorganisms in HSM was beneficial for the release and stabilization of bioavailable N through upregulation of <em>ureC</em> (0.41-fold) and <em>gdhA</em> (0.21-fold) gene abundance. The best multiple regression model showed that functional attributes were better predictors of SMF than microbial diversity and specific phyla. In summary, our findings highlight that the introduction of high-quantity straw with microorganisms is a feasible pathway for improving SMF and soil fertility in degraded ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reforestation significantly enriches soil microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling genes but simplifies their co-occurrence network","authors":"Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Song Zhang ,&nbsp;Weirong Zhuang ,&nbsp;Kexin Li ,&nbsp;Fang Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Danhong Chen ,&nbsp;Qiuping Fan ,&nbsp;Zejin Zhang ,&nbsp;Muyesaier Tudi ,&nbsp;Rongxiao Che","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reforestation serves as one of the most effective strategies for mitigating global warming, but a comprehensive understanding of its impact on soil microbial biogeochemical cycling functions remains lacking. In this study, we collected paired reforested and cropland soils from 30 sites in the southwestern China to comprehensively investigate the impacts of reforestation on soil microbial functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling. Microbial diversity, functional profiles, and functional gene copies were determined through amplicon sequencing, metagenomic analysis, and real-time PCR. We found that reforestation significantly decreased the average copy number of the 16S rRNA operon and altered the soil microbial community structure. Reforestation also substantially increased the abundances of most microbial functional genes involved in carbon (e.g., carbon degradation and fixation), nitrogen (e.g., nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidation, and denitrification), and phosphorus (e.g., inorganic phosphorus solubilization, organic phosphorus mineralization, and phosphorus transportation) cycling. The carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling gene abundances were significantly correlated with multiple environmental factors, including soil moisture, total nitrogen, total carbon, and NH₄⁺-N, in both cropland and reforested ecosystems. Notably, they showed significant correlations with the soil available potassium and NO₃⁻-N contents specifically within the reforested soils rather than the cropland soils. Additionally, reforestation substantially simplified the co-occurrence network constructed with soil microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling genes. The results collectively indicate that reforestation can substantially enhance soil microbial biogeochemical cycling functions but reshape their co-occurrence pattern, providing critical information for assessing the ecological impacts of reforestation projects on ecosystem health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105935"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil biota response to raised water levels and reduced nutrient inputs in agricultural peat meadows","authors":"Annick van der Laan ,&nbsp;Nick van Eekeren ,&nbsp;Martin J. Wassen ,&nbsp;Karin T. Rebel ,&nbsp;Jerry van Dijk","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Netherlands, peatlands are drained for agricultural purposes, resulting in CO₂ emissions, soil subsidence and biodiversity loss. Raising groundwater levels and reducing nutrient inputs are potential solutions, but their effects on soil biota in agricultural peat soils remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted a mesocosm experiment in which we exposed 40 intact fen meadow peat cores (80 cm, 20 cm in diameter) to four different water levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 cm below peat surface) and two nutrient application levels (50 and 250 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ with a N:P₂O₅:K₂O of 16:5:12), mimicking various rewetting degrees and land use options. After 15 months, we determined the bacterial, fungal and protozoan PLFA, and abundance and community composition of nematodes and earthworms. Our results show a significantly higher bacterial and saprophytic fungal PLFA abundance at high water levels (20 and 0 cm respectively) compared to the lower water levels, whereas nematodes and earthworms were significantly more abundant under lower water levels (60 and 40 cm respectively). Overall, water level influenced soil biota more strongly than nutrient levels, although nutrient effects became more prominent with increasing water levels. In the fully water saturated treatment with high nutrient application levels, no earthworms and fewer nematode taxa were found than under low nutrient levels. We conclude that wet conditions combined with a high nutrient application negatively affect soil food web stability. Furthermore, raising the water level results in a different soil biota composition, with potential implications for ecosystem functioning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105932"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mesocosm study on carbon transfer mechanisms from deadwood to litter through fungal hyphal growth","authors":"Mohammad Rahmat Ullah ,&nbsp;Katrin Wegend ,&nbsp;Harald Kellner ,&nbsp;Derek Peršoh ,&nbsp;Werner Borken","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hyphae-forming fungi play a critical role in decomposing deadwood and plant litter, utilizing a variety of resources in forest ecosystems. While the redistribution of nitrogen and phosphorus by fungal hyphae between deadwood and soil has been established, the translocation of carbon (C) and its subsequent utilization remains unexplored. This study examines the fungal-mediated transfer of ¹³C-cellulose from deadwood of European beech and Norway spruce to Norway spruce litter from an Oi/Oe horizon. We used a mesocosm double-chamber controlled system with a perforated intersection, including beech and spruce deadwoods (chamber I) and spruce litter (chamber II). After fungal hyphae growth in the intersection between the two chambers, mesocosms were incubated for 8–10 weeks at 20 °C in the dark. Following a pre-treatment phase, ¹³C-cellulose was added to half of the deadwood chambers while the other half served as control without cellulose addition. The transfer of ¹³C-cellulose from deadwood to spruce litter was assessed by measuring the abundance of ¹³C in respiration and microbial biomass within the spruce litter. After incubation, the ¹³C-cellulose recovered in spruce litter was higher for both respiration (7.75 ± 0.98 %) and microbial biomass (1.66 ± 1.01 %) for beech compared to the spruce deadwood (3.88 ± 1.07 % in respiration and 1.55 ± 1.37 % in microbial biomass). This indicates that, in both deadwood setups, more ¹³C was recovered in respiration than in microbial biomass. Molecular analysis of the fungal hyphae at the intersection between the deadwood and spruce litter chambers identified <em>Clitopilus baronii</em> and <em>Kuehneromyces mutabilis</em> as the common and active deadwood-decaying fungi facilitating significant ¹³C transfer (240–270 δ‰ in respiration, and 100–160 δ‰ in MBC), while the baseline without ¹³C was −25 δ‰. This research provides new insights into the mechanisms of C transfer from deadwood to litter, suggesting an enhanced decomposition of litter by deadwood decaying fungi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comammox and ammonia-oxidizing archaea dominated the nitrification under different nitrogen fertilizer levels in acid purple soil of Southwest China","authors":"Jun Xie ,&nbsp;Jianguo Jiang ,&nbsp;Jie Lu ,&nbsp;Wencai Dai ,&nbsp;Huarong Guo ,&nbsp;Yuanxue Chen ,&nbsp;Rong Huang ,&nbsp;Zifang Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammoxidation represents the initial phase of nitrification and the rate-limiting step of the whole process, primarily influenced by complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB). However, in the co-existence of comammox, AOA and AOB, the dominant microorganism of ammoxidation process remains unclear. To elucidate the relative roles of these ammonia oxidizers in ammoxidation under sustained N application, we conducted a long-term fertilization experiment involving five N application rates (0 kg·ha⁻¹, N0; 90 kg·ha⁻¹, N1; 180 kg·ha⁻¹, N2, 270 kg·ha⁻¹, N3; 360 kg·ha⁻¹, N4) and determined the potential nitrification rate (PNR), soil chemical properties, and the diversity and community structure of ammonia oxidizers. Compared to N0, the N application treatments enhanced the PNR, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), and reduced pH and available phosphorus (AP). Furthermore, the four N application treatments increased the shannon index of AOA, AOB and comammox, while also altered the β-diversity of these groups, and N4 treatments increased the Chao1 index of these groups. The proportion of Archaeo (AOA), Nitrosospira (AOB), and Nitrospira (comammox) increasing progressively as N fertilizer dosage increased, while the proportion of Crenarchaeota (AOA) and Bacteria (AOB) exhibited a declining trend. Redundancy analysis indicated that N application influences the composition of AOA through the pH and AP, the composition of AOB via SOC and NO₃⁻, and the composition of comammox through pH. The results of structural equation model showed that PNR was significantly affected by N rate, pH, AOA α-diversity and comammox α-diversity. In addition, the standardized total effect of AOA α-diversity (0.41) and comammox α-diversity (0.53) on PNR is much greater than that of AOB (0.064). Consequently, comammox may preferentially inhabit acidic and nutrient-poor soil environments, AOA and comammox were identified as the principal contributors to ammoxidation in acid soil under long-term treatment with different N fertilizer levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inoculations of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria alter soil properties, microbial communities, and improve crop yield and fruit quality in the tomato production system","authors":"Dan Luo ,&nbsp;Haizhou Huang ,&nbsp;Jianhu Wang ,&nbsp;Tianfeng Wang ,&nbsp;Qingfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonggang Wang ,&nbsp;Jixiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus fertilizer is essential for crop growth and development, but its low utilization efficiency limits crop productivity. Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) can enhance phosphorus conversion, contributing to sustainable agriculture. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of PSB <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> B6 and <em>Burkholderia cepacia</em> Z7, screened from maize rhizosphere soil, on tomato yield and quality. Additionally, changes in the physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities, and microbial community structure of tomato rhizosphere soils were observed. The results showed that tomato yield increased by 12.93 %, 10.16 %, and 24.70 % with the application of B6, Z7, and B6 + Z7, respectively, compared to the control. After adding composite bacteria (B6 + Z7), the content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C, and organic acid content increased by 11.71 %, 22.22 %, 18.03 %, and 7.16 %, respectively. Both single and composite bacterial solutions significantly improved tomato quality, with the composite bacteria having a more pronounced effect. In addition, the B6 + Z7 treatment increased the total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content by 12.05 %, 7.13 %, 36.88 %, and 27.66 %, respectively. The PSB application also altered the microbial community structure in tomato rhizosphere soil, significantly increasing the relative abundance of the Proteobacteria. In conclusion, this study provides positive insights into the comprehensive utilization of phosphate fertilizers and the improvement of agricultural production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing rice nitrogen use efficiency via plant-microbe-soil interactions: Insights from 15N tracing","authors":"Shending Chen ,&nbsp;Chang Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenyan Yang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang ,&nbsp;Qinying Zhu ,&nbsp;Mengqiu He ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Elrys ,&nbsp;Lei Meng ,&nbsp;Han Meng ,&nbsp;Zucong Cai ,&nbsp;Jinbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Christoph Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.105931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve crop fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for sustainable agriculture, it is important to understand plant-microbe-soil interactions. Here we use a ¹⁵N tracing technique to characterize the gross N transformation rates in rice-soil systems. We found that rice cultivation inhibited gross N mineralization (<em>M</em>) by 70 %, compared with the bulk soil. Gross NH₄⁺ oxidation (<em>O</em>_<em>NH4</em>) and gross NH₄⁺ immobilization (<em>I</em>_<em>NH4</em>) in the rhizosphere were also significantly reduced. In contrast, gross heterotrophic nitrification (<em>O</em>_{<em>Nrec</em>}) significantly increased. Slow release of organic N and low NH₄⁺ oxidation were beneficial for improving rice N absorption efficiency, reducing N loss in flooded paddy field. Rice NUE is mainly controlled by NH₄⁺ uptake, while soil pH plays a central role in regulating the rice NH₄⁺ uptake rate. The stimulation of <em>O</em>_<em>NH4</em> and <em>I</em>_<em>NH4</em> due to rising pH had a negative impact on rice NH₄⁺ uptake. NUE also differed with respect to the rice varieties. Rice NH₄⁺ uptake accelerated with increasing <em>M</em> but was negatively correlated with <em>I</em>_<em>NH4</em> and <em>O</em>_<em>NH4</em>. Nitrate uptake, on the other hand, was positively correlated with <em>O</em>_{<em>Nrec</em>} but negatively correlated with <em>I</em>_<em>NH4</em>. Our analysis revealed that rice cultivars with high N uptake capacity can regulate the soil N transformation rates and microbial properties in the rhizosphere to meet their N demand. The negative correlation between rice NH₄⁺ uptake and bacterial abundance also suggests that microbial competitiveness was declining. These results contribute to our understanding of agroecosystem with low N input by optimizing microbially-mediated soil N transformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8099,"journal":{"name":"Applied Soil Ecology","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 105931"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}