Applied Soil Ecology最新文献_第6页

Stacking soil health practices is necessary to enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality of semi-arid almond agroecosystems 堆垛土壤健康措施是提高半干旱杏仁农业生态系统土壤生态系统多功能性的必要措施

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106066

Krista Marshall , Amanda K. Hodson , Timothy Bowles , Katherine Jarvis-Shean , Amélie C.M. Gaudin

Identifying strategies to rebuild healthy, living soil ecosystems is critical to alleviate widespread soil degradation and enhance the multitude of soil functions fundamental to sustainability, resilience, and agroecological transitions. This is particularly true in California's almond agroecosystems where a combination of semi-arid climates and historical emphasis on aboveground production components has left soils degraded and the most effective strategies to build healthy soil remain unclear. We used a regionally specific survey of commercial orchards to evaluate relationships between adoption of soil health building practices, soil ecosystem functional outcomes, and soil ecosystem multifunctionality. Orchards with applications of single or few principles without orchard redesigns didn't differentiate from bare soils and had the lowest multifunctionally score across the Alley and Tree management zones. In contrast, orchards with stacked application of multiple soil health building practices, such as diverse vegetative understories with animal grazing had the highest soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil protein, available P, soil respiration, and robust and diverse soil nematode communities, which resulted in the highest soil multifunctionality score. Results from this study indicate that a diverse and stacked application of soil health principles is the most effective strategy to enhance multiple soil ecosystem functions in perennial semi-arid agroecosystems. It also demonstrates the potential for this approach to uncover the nuanced outcomes of soil health building principles in growers' orchards. As research continues to show the context-specific nature of management's relationships to soil outcomes, this study offers new insights into regional soil health potential and the efficacy of adopting several practices to promote synergistic soil ecosystem functionality in in irrigated semi-arid agroecosystems.

确定重建健康、有活力的土壤生态系统的战略，对于缓解广泛的土壤退化和增强对可持续性、复原力和农业生态转型至关重要的多种土壤功能至关重要。在加州的杏仁农业生态系统中尤其如此，在那里，半干旱的气候和历史上对地上生产成分的强调相结合，导致土壤退化，而建立健康土壤的最有效策略尚不清楚。我们对商业果园进行了一项区域调查，以评估土壤健康建设实践的采用、土壤生态系统功能结果和土壤生态系统多功能性之间的关系。施用单一或少数原则而不进行果园重新设计的果园与裸地没有区别，在小巷和树木管理区的多功能得分最低。不同植生林下加放养的果园土壤有机碳、全氮、土壤蛋白质、速效磷、土壤呼吸最高，土壤线虫群落丰富多样，土壤多功能性评分最高。研究结果表明，在多年生半干旱农业生态系统中，土壤健康原则的多样性和层次性应用是增强土壤多种生态系统功能的最有效策略。它还证明了这种方法的潜力，可以揭示种植者果园土壤健康建设原则的微妙结果。随着研究继续显示管理与土壤结果的具体关系，本研究为区域土壤健康潜力和采用几种做法促进灌溉半干旱农业生态系统中土壤生态系统协同功能的有效性提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Organic versus conventional agriculture in Cyprus: An analysis of soil bacterial communities in apple orchards and barley field 塞浦路斯有机农业与传统农业：苹果园和大麦田土壤细菌群落分析

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106030

Omirou Michalis , Fasoula A. Dionysia , Constantinou Louiza , Ioannidou Sotiroula , Ioannides M. Ioannis

This study aimed to elucidate the influence of agricultural systems on the soil bacterial communities in barley fields and apple orchards. Employing high-throughput sequencing, we profiled the bacterial communities in both crops under organic and conventional farming systems. Although no significant variations were observed at the phylum level, substantial differentiation was evident at lower taxonomic levels, highlighting the importance of farming practices on shaping soil microbiota. Under organic farming, we observed an enrichment of certain bacterial genera, potentially playing vital roles in enhancing soil health and fertility. On the contrary, unique bacterial genera thrived under conventional farming practices. Redundancy analysis revealed a significant role of soil physicochemical properties in determining bacterial community composition, accounting for >50 % of the observed variance. Notably, NH₄⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, P-Olsen, and pH, were identified as major predictors of bacterial composition. The current study underscores the influence of farming system on the soil bacteriome and shed light on its potential implications for soil health and crop productivity. This research contributes to our understanding of how farming practices influence the soil bacterial assemblies and provides valuable insights for refining sustainable farming strategies. Future investigations are warranted to elucidate the functional roles of the identified bioindicators in soil health and productivity.

本研究旨在阐明不同农业制度对大麦田和苹果园土壤细菌群落的影响。采用高通量测序，我们分析了有机和传统耕作系统下作物的细菌群落。虽然在门水平上没有观察到显著的变化，但在较低的分类水平上存在明显的分化，这突出了耕作方式对土壤微生物群形成的重要性。在有机耕作下，我们观察到某些细菌属的丰富，可能在提高土壤健康和肥力方面发挥重要作用。相反，独特的细菌属在传统的耕作方式下茁壮成长。冗余分析显示，土壤理化性质在决定细菌群落组成方面起着重要作用，占观察到的方差的50%。值得注意的是，NH4+、K+、Mg2+、P-Olsen和pH被确定为细菌组成的主要预测因子。目前的研究强调了耕作制度对土壤细菌群的影响，并揭示了其对土壤健康和作物生产力的潜在影响。这项研究有助于我们理解农业实践如何影响土壤细菌组合，并为改进可持续农业战略提供有价值的见解。未来的研究需要进一步阐明所鉴定的生物指标在土壤健康和生产力中的功能作用。

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引用次数: 0

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106068

Haolin Zhang , Yang Hu , Xinya Sun , Yubin Wang , Bicheng Zhang , Chunhui Liu , Anum Rafiq , Baorong Wang , Shaoshan An , Zhaolong Zhu

Glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSP) produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can mitigate declining in soil organic carbon (SOC) in degraded alpine grasslands by regulating functional C pools, particulate organic C (POC) and mineral-associated organic C (MAOC). However, the mechanism by which GRSP regulates the formation of different functional C pools in alpine grasslands remains unclear. We investigated GRSP content in POC and MAOC in alpine grasslands with varying degradation gradients on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and analyzed how the AMF co-occurrence network modulates these variations. The GRSP content in POC and MAOC in heavy degradation grassland was reduced by 38.4 % and 37.5 % compared with non-degradation grassland. However, the relative contribution of GRSP in POC and MAOC increased by 9.9 % and 17.5 %, respectively. Grassland degradation decreased soil AMF diversity by 33.7 % but increased network stability by 53.2 % in alpine grasslands and network complexity by 5 times in alpine steppes. The random forest model highlighted that GRSP played a key role in soil functional C, especially in enhancing the contribution to MAOC. Further analyses revealed that the changes in the AMF community led to reduced POC and MAOC formation by decreasing GRSP content in POC and MAOC. GRSP is critical for POC and MAOC formation, and degradation-induced changes in AMF community structure increase the contribution of GRSP to the soil functional C pool. Therefore, protecting ecosystems with complex below-ground AMF communities contributes to stable SOC sequestration during grassland degradation, which is important for establishing and maintaining grassland SOC pools.

丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）产生的Glomalin-related soil protein （GRSP）通过调节功能C库、颗粒有机C （POC）和矿物相关有机C (MAOC)，减缓退化高寒草地土壤有机碳（SOC）的下降。然而，GRSP调控高寒草原不同功能C库形成的机制尚不清楚。研究了青藏高原不同退化梯度高寒草地POC和MAOC中GRSP含量，并分析了AMF共现网络对这些变化的调节作用。重度退化草地POC和MAOC中GRSP含量分别比未退化草地降低38.4%和37.5%。而GRSP对POC和MAOC的相对贡献率分别增加了9.9%和17.5%。草地退化使土壤AMF多样性降低33.7%，使高寒草原的网络稳定性提高53.2%，使高寒草原的网络复杂性提高5倍。随机森林模型强调了GRSP对土壤功能C的关键作用，特别是对MAOC的贡献。进一步分析表明，AMF群落的变化通过降低POC和MAOC中GRSP含量导致POC和MAOC形成减少。GRSP对POC和MAOC的形成至关重要，退化引起的AMF群落结构变化增加了GRSP对土壤功能C库的贡献。因此，保护具有复杂地下AMF群落的生态系统有助于草地退化过程中稳定的有机碳固存，对草地有机碳库的建立和维持具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Combined effects of biochar and silkworm excrement compost applications on soil properties and vegetable growth 生物炭与蚕粪混合施用对土壤性状和蔬菜生长的影响

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106067

Tianyu Luan , Jiangmin Yan , Xingran Zhao , Tuerxunguli Tuoheti , Ye Xu , Tao Gan , Xinyu Zhao , Lizhi He , Williamson Gustave , Xiaokai Zhang , Feng He

With the growing global population, the demand for vegetables is increasing rapidly. While the extensive use of chemical fertilizers has been a conventional approach to boost vegetable production, it often degrades soil health and diminishes vegetable quality. This study evaluates the potential of rice husk biochar and silkworm excrement compost as alternative, sustainable biomass fertilizers, examining their impact on yield, quality, soil fertility, and soil microbial communities in Chinese cabbage and lettuce cultivation. Results demonstrated that a combined application of biochar and silkworm excrement compost significantly enhanced the yields of both Chinese cabbage and lettuce. The optimal yield for each crop was achieved at a biochar-to-compost ratio of 2:3, and yields (fresh weight) after this treatment were134 and 103 times higher than the control for Chinese cabbage and lettuce, respectively. In addition, by adjusting the combination ratio of compost and biochar, indicators such as vitamin C, soluble sugar, and soluble protein can be effectively improved, thereby enhancing the quality of vegetables. Compared to control, soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium showed marked increases in all other treatment soils. In Chinese cabbage soil, compared to other fertility indicators, the highest increase in available phosphorus was observed under biochar-to-compost ratio of 2:3 treatment with an increment of 175.2 % over the control. Furthermore, the biochar-compost combination enhanced soil microbial community structure, raised the Alpha diversity index for soil bacteria, and increased the abundance of key phyla, including Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. These findings offer new insights and methodological support for advancing sustainable practices within the vegetable industry.

随着全球人口的增长，对蔬菜的需求正在迅速增加。虽然大量使用化肥一直是提高蔬菜产量的传统方法，但它往往会使土壤健康恶化，降低蔬菜质量。本研究评估了稻壳生物炭和蚕粪堆肥作为可替代的、可持续的生物质肥料的潜力，研究了它们对白菜和生菜产量、质量、土壤肥力和土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明，生物炭与蚕粪堆肥配合施用可显著提高大白菜和生菜的产量。当生物炭与堆肥的比例为2:3时，每一种作物的最佳产量分别比对照高134倍和103倍（鲜重）。此外，通过调整堆肥与生物炭的组合比例，可有效提高维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白等指标，从而提高蔬菜品质。与对照相比，各处理土壤铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾均显著增加。在白菜土中，与其他肥力指标相比，在生物炭与堆肥比例为2:3的处理下，速效磷的增幅最大，比对照增加了175.2%。此外，生物炭-堆肥组合改善了土壤微生物群落结构，提高了土壤细菌的α多样性指数，增加了关键门的丰度，包括变形菌门和放线菌门。这些发现为促进蔬菜产业的可持续实践提供了新的见解和方法支持。

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引用次数: 0

Syringa oblata maintains rhizosphere r-strategists and microbial functions by regulating exudates in root tip zone under drought 干旱条件下，丁香通过调节根尖区分泌物维持根际土壤和微生物功能

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106065

Huiling Wang , Jiarui Chen , Hang Jing , Benshuai Yan , Furong Wei , Sha Xue , Guoliang Wang

How plant regulate exudates in different root parts under drought stress, and their implications for microbial drought resistance in the rhizosphere, remain inadequately understood. We focused on the native shrub Syringa oblata in Loess Plateau, and conducted a 3-year experimental drought experiment to determine the changes in the root exudates and rhizosphere microbiome using microbiome and metabolomic analyses. (1) Root tip zone exhibited higher regulatory capacity of exudation than mature root zone under drought, with the increasing exudation of specific carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, and secondary metabolites induced by changes in soil nutrients availability. (2) In bulk soil, drought stress resulted in noticeable shift in microbial communities toward K-strategy, and a reduction of symbiotic fungi, and bacterial nitrogen (N) cycling functions. However, the variation in exudation composition in the rhizosphere of root tip zone contributed to the enrichment of symbiotic fungi and bacterial N cycling functions under drought; the enhanced C flux and chemodiversity of exudates sustained r-strategy and stability of microbial community, respectively. (3) In mature root zone, the exudation composition varied slightly, whereas the C-exudation substantially increased from 26.6 to 85.8 μg C g⁻¹ root hr⁻¹ with decreasing soil water content and contributed to the enrichment of fungal r-strategy species under drought. Our results contribute to the understanding of plant-microbial interactions under drought at a finer scale, and emphasized the significant role of root tip zone in enhancing potential rhizosphere C and N dynamics and plant drought resistance.

植物在干旱胁迫下如何调节根系不同部位的分泌物，以及它们对根际微生物抗旱性的影响，目前尚不清楚。以黄土高原原生灌木丁香（Syringa oblata）为研究对象，进行了为期3年的干旱试验，通过微生物组学和代谢组学分析，研究了根系分泌物和根际微生物组的变化。(1)干旱条件下根尖区对水分的调节能力高于成熟区，土壤养分有效性变化导致特定碳水化合物、有机酸、氨基酸、脂肪酸和次生代谢物的分泌增加。(2)在块状土壤中，干旱胁迫导致微生物群落向钾策略转变，共生真菌数量减少，细菌氮循环功能减弱。干旱条件下，根尖区根际分泌物组成的变化促进了共生真菌和细菌氮循环功能的增强；增强的C通量和化学多样性分别维持了微生物群落的r策略和稳定性。(3)在成熟根区，随着土壤含水量的降低，根系C-渗出量从26.6 μ C g−1显著增加到85.8 μ C g−1，促进了干旱条件下真菌r-策略物种的富集。本研究结果有助于在更精细的尺度上理解干旱条件下植物与微生物的相互作用，并强调了根尖区在提高根际碳氮动态和植物抗旱性方面的重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Drought and N deposition impact roots and ectomycorrhizal colonisation of European beech down to deep soil layers 干旱和氮沉降影响欧洲山毛榉根和外生菌根定植到深层土壤

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106055

Simon Tresch , Lucienne C. de Witte , Sven-Eric Hopf , Christian Schindler , Beat Rihm , Sabine Braun

The impact of nitrogen (N) deposition and drought on roots and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) colonisation in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) were investigated up to a soil depth of 100 cm across 21 long-term study sites. The study encompassed gradients of N deposition from 18 to 50 kg N ha⁻¹a⁻¹ and drought conditions from −52 to 188 mm minimal site water balance (SWB_min). In-growth mesh bags (n = 1050) were used to determine EMF colonisation over a period of 12 months. We discovered vital roots including EMF colonisation down to the maximum soil depth of 100 cm. Notably, one-third of colonised roots were in the subsoil below 40 cm soil depth, emphasizing the role of deep soil layers. Increasing N deposition significantly altered root architecture, reducing root length by a factor of 10, root tip abundance by a factor of 2, and EMF colonisation by a factor of 2.5. Drought suppressed EMF colonisation, decreasing it by a factor of 4 to well-watered sites. A structural equation model (SEM) revealed both direct and indirect pathways of drought and N deposition on root EMF colonisation and tree nutrition. Surprisingly, mycelial growth was detected at 100 cm depth in most incubated mesh bags, underscoring the critical role of deep soil horizons in sustaining European beech under increasing drought stress.

研究了21个长期研究地点的土壤深度为100 cm的欧洲山毛榉（Fagus sylvatica）根系和外生菌根真菌（EMF）定殖的影响。研究包括18 ~ 50 kg N ha−1a−1的氮沉降梯度和−52 ~ 188 mm最小场地水平衡（SWBmin）的干旱条件。使用生长网袋（n = 1050）测定12个月期间的EMF定植。我们发现了重要的根系，包括EMF定植，最大土壤深度为100厘米。值得注意的是，三分之一的定植根位于土壤深度低于40 cm的底土中，强调了深层土层的作用。氮沉降的增加显著改变了根构型，根长减少了10倍，根尖丰度减少了2倍，EMF定殖减少了2.5倍。干旱抑制了EMF的定植，使其在水分充足的地区减少了四分之一。结构方程模型（SEM）揭示了干旱和氮沉降对根系EMF定植和树木营养的直接和间接途径。令人惊讶的是，在大多数孵育的网袋中，在100厘米深度检测到菌丝生长，强调了深层土壤层在持续干旱胁迫下维持欧洲山毛榉的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Vermicompost and Azotobacter chroococcum amendment of saline-alkali soil decreases nitrogen loss and increases nitrogen uptake confirmed by ZmNRT1.1B of maize 玉米ZmNRT1.1B试验证实，蚯蚓堆肥和固氮菌改质能减少土壤氮素流失，增加氮素吸收

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106062

Siping Li, Chong Wang, Huiying Huang, Lei Zhao, Jia Cao, Mengli Liu

Globally, enhancing nitrogen (N) retention and optimizing N utilization efficiency in saline-alkali soils are crucial for sustainable agricultural practices and food security. This research aims to address the challenges of significant N loss and suboptimal N utilization efficiency in maize planted in saline-alkali soil. Employing soil column cultivation assays and maize lines with a ZmNRT1.1B loss-of-function mutation, we investigated the impacts of vermicompost and Azotobacter chroococcum on N loss mechanisms (including NH₃ volatilization and ¹⁵N leaching) and therefore maize N uptake efficiency. The results showed that combined application of vermicompost and A. chroococcum reduced total NH₃ volatilization by 35.0 % through lowering pH and Na⁺ levels, and enhanced cation exchange capacity (CEC). Additionally, this treatment increased soil organic carbon (SOC) content and promoted the formation of macroaggregates, thereby reducing ¹⁵N leaching into deeper soil layer by 35.0 %–48.0 %, which led to the increase of soil available ¹⁵N by 7.91 %–8.84 %. Furthermore, this amendment enhanced the shoot and root biomass by 88.0 % and 45.2 %, respectively, and increased the total N uptake by 36.7 % of wild-type maize, likely due to increased soil available N and a reduced Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in root. The improved ¹⁵N uptake in maize was linked to the activation of the ZmNRT1.1B gene, as evidenced by the growth inhibition and reduced N uptake in maize with a ZmNRT1.1B loss-of-function mutation. Collectively, vermicompost and A. chroococcum mitigate N loss in saline-alkali soil, thereby increasing stored available N and promoting N uptake and maize growth. These strategies significantly improve the effective management and utilization of sustainable N resources in saline-alkali soils.

在全球范围内，提高盐碱地的氮素（N）保持率和氮素利用效率对可持续农业实践和粮食安全至关重要。本研究旨在解决在盐碱土壤中种植的玉米氮损失严重和氮利用效率不理想的难题。我们利用土壤柱状培养试验和 ZmNRT1.1B 功能缺失突变的玉米品系，研究了蛭肥和根瘤酵母菌对氮损失机制（包括 NH3 挥发和 15N 沥滤）的影响，以及对玉米氮吸收效率的影响。结果表明，联合施用蛭石堆肥和褐藻褐球菌可通过降低 pH 值和 Na+水平以及提高阳离子交换容量（CEC），使 NH3 总挥发量减少 35.0%。此外，该处理还增加了土壤有机碳（SOC）含量，促进了大团聚体的形成，从而减少了 35.0 %-48.0 % 的 15N 向土壤深层的沥滤，使土壤可利用的 15N 增加了 7.91 %-8.84 %。此外，这种改良剂还使野生型玉米的芽和根的生物量分别增加了 88.0 % 和 45.2 %，总的氮吸收量增加了 36.7 %，这可能是由于土壤中可利用的氮增加以及根中 Na+/K+ 比率降低所致。玉米对 15N 的吸收率提高与 ZmNRT1.1B 基因的激活有关，ZmNRT1.1B 功能缺失突变的玉米生长受抑制且对 N 的吸收率降低就是证明。总之，蛭石堆肥和 A. chroococcum 可减轻盐碱土壤中的氮损失，从而增加储存的可用氮，促进氮吸收和玉米生长。这些策略大大提高了盐碱地氮资源的有效管理和可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

Relationships between earthworm community, bioturbation and soil detachment: A one-year outdoor experiment 蚯蚓群落、生物扰动与土壤分离的关系：为期一年的室外实验

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106063

Q.V. Pham , Y. Capowiez , P. Jouquet , A.D. Nguyen , J.L. Janeau , T.M. Tran , N. Bottinelli

We conducted a one-year outdoor experiment to evaluate how the functional diversity of earthworms influences soil erosion. Three species with contrasting bioturbating behaviors were selected: the polyhumic endogeic Pontoscolex corethrurus (feeding and casting on the soil surface and constructing shallow burrows), the endogeic Amynthas alluxus (geophagous and permanently living in the subsoil), and the anecic Amynthas zenkevichi (feeding and casting on the soil surface and constructing deep burrows). A total of 27 mesocosms (1 m³ each) planted with grass were inoculated with none to all three species at two biomass levels (30 and 60 g m⁻²). Soil detachment, water runoff, drainage, soil water potential, and grass biomass were monitored throughout the whole experiment, while burrow volume, water infiltration rate, surface casts, and earthworm communities were measured at the end. A. zenkevichi was the only surviving species and colonized all the mesocosms. Consequently, the impact of each species and their interactions on soil detachment could not be assessed. Nevertheless, mesocosms initially inoculated with earthworms showed, on average, a 7.7-fold decrease in soil detachment compared to the control mesocosm, where no earthworms were introduced at the beginning but was later colonized by dispersed earthworms. Structural equation modeling explained 77 % of the variance in soil detachment. It revealed that both surface casts and burrows (measured by X-ray tomography) indirectly reduced soil detachment by increasing water infiltration and reducing water runoff. However, surface casts also promoted water runoff, partially counteracting these benefits. This study highlights the challenges of managing earthworm communities in long-term mesocosm experiments under natural conditions. Despite these limitations, our findings emphasize the crucial role of anecic earthworms in reducing soil detachment.

我们进行了为期一年的户外实验，以评估蚯蚓的功能多样性如何影响土壤侵蚀。我们选择了生物扰动行为截然不同的三种蚯蚓：多栖内栖蚯蚓 Pontoscolex corethrurus（在土壤表面取食和投食并构建浅洞穴）、内栖蚯蚓 Amynthas alluxus（食土并长期生活在底土中）和无栖蚯蚓 Amynthas zenkevichi（在土壤表面取食和投食并构建深洞穴）。在总共 27 个种植了草的中置容器（每个 1 立方米）中，接种了两种生物量水平（30 和 60 克 m-2）的所有三个物种。在整个实验过程中监测土壤剥离、水径流、排水、土壤水势和草的生物量，并在实验结束时测量洞穴体积、水渗透率、地表菌落和蚯蚓群落。A. zenkevichi 是唯一存活的物种，并在所有中置池中定殖。因此，无法评估每个物种及其相互作用对土壤剥离的影响。不过，与对照介观模式相比，最初接种了蚯蚓的介观模式的土壤剥离率平均下降了 7.7 倍，对照介观模式开始时没有引入蚯蚓，但后来被分散的蚯蚓定殖。结构方程模型解释了土壤剥离变异的 77%。结果表明，地表蚯蚓粪和洞穴（通过 X 射线断层扫描测量）都通过增加水分渗透和减少径流间接减少了土壤剥离。然而，地表坑穴也促进了水的径流，部分抵消了这些益处。这项研究凸显了在自然条件下进行长期中观实验管理蚯蚓群落所面临的挑战。尽管存在这些局限性，但我们的研究结果强调了无尾蚯蚓在减少土壤剥离方面的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Compost and vermicompost improve symbiotic nitrogen fixation, physiology and yield of the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis: A systematic review 堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥提高根瘤菌-豆科植物共生固氮、生理和产量：系统综述

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106051

Carol V. Amaya-Gómez , Diego H. Flórez-Martínez , María Luz Cayuela , Germán Tortosa

Compost and vermicompost are valuable sources of organic matter, nutrients and beneficial microorganisms for plants. Both improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and stimulate its biological processes, such as beneficial interactions between soil microorganisms and plants. One example is the symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia. A systematic review of the existing scientific literature was conducted to assess the effects of compost and vermicompost on symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The collected information and data were subsequently used for scientometrics and meta-analysis. Variance, effect size and percentage change from a control without compost or vermicompost were analysed. The scientometrics analysis revealed promising research areas including, the study of the effects of compost and vermicompost combined with rhizobia on plant physiology, nitrogen fixation, soil quality, economic benefits, microbial diversity and salinity stress. The combined use of compost and biochar emerged as the most recent research trend. Other relevant topics included the economic benefits, and environmental sustainability impacts of compost and legumes for improving soil quality and nitrogen availability. The meta-analysis showed that compost application, on average, increased nodule number by 66 %, nodule fresh weight by 52 %, plant biomass by 48 %, plant height by 21 % and yield by 20 %. Vermicompost application led to greater values in these parameters. Some scientific gaps have been addressed as: i) the effectiveness of compost at inducing nodule formation when inoculated with microbial inoculants, considering the legume species and the edaphoclimatic conditions of the experiment, ii) the effects of biochar and compost on nodulation improvement in legumes, and iii) the effect of the chemical and biological characteristics of compost (or vermicompost), especially nitrogen content or raw nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in compost in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis. All these results confirm that using compost or vermicompost in the cultivation of legume crops is a valuable approach to increase soil fertility, crop productivity and agricultural sustainability.

堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥是植物有机物质、营养物质和有益微生物的宝贵来源。两者都能改善土壤的物理和化学性质，并刺激其生物过程，如土壤微生物和植物之间的有益相互作用。一个例子是豆科植物和根瘤菌之间的共生关系。通过对现有科学文献的系统回顾，评估了堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥对共生固氮的影响。收集到的信息和数据随后用于科学计量学和荟萃分析。分析了方差、效应大小和不使用堆肥或蚯蚓堆肥的对照的百分比变化。科学计量学分析揭示了堆肥和蚯蚓堆肥与根瘤菌复合施用对植物生理、固氮、土壤质量、经济效益、微生物多样性和盐胁迫的影响等方面的研究前景。堆肥和生物炭的结合使用是最近的研究趋势。其他相关主题包括堆肥和豆科植物对改善土壤质量和氮素有效性的经济效益和环境可持续性影响。荟萃分析表明，施用堆肥平均可使水稻根瘤数增加66%，根瘤鲜重增加52%，植株生物量增加48%，株高增加21%，产量增加20%。蚯蚓堆肥的应用导致这些参数的值更大。一些科学空白已被解决为：1)考虑到豆科植物种类和试验的土壤气候条件，在接种微生物接种剂时，堆肥诱导结瘤的有效性；2)生物炭和堆肥对豆科植物结瘤的促进作用；3)堆肥（或蚯蚓堆肥）的化学和生物学特性，特别是根瘤菌-豆科植物共生中堆肥中存在的氮含量或原固氮细菌的影响。这些结果证实，在豆科作物的种植中使用堆肥或蚯蚓堆肥是提高土壤肥力、作物生产力和农业可持续性的一种有价值的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering drought adaptation in Eucommia ulmoides: From the rhizosphere microbiota to root metabolites 解读杜仲的干旱适应：从根际微生物群到根代谢物

IF 4.8 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106064

Xueqian Zhang, Shuangshuang Hou, Xinyu Ma, Chenglong Li, Qingsong Ran, Yanfeng Han, Chunbo Dong

Rapid global climate change has made drought stress a significant limiting factor for plant growth and productivity. While the effects of drought on plant metabolism and the rhizosphere microbiota are well-documented, our understanding of their dynamically interplay and potential synergies in enhancing plant adaptability during droughts is incomplete. Herein, using Eucommia ulmoides as a model system under drought stress and integrating metagenomic sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, and plant physiological assessments, We found that drought altered the root metabolites profile of E.ulmoides, notably enriching the flavonoid 6”-O-Acetylgenistin. Additionally, the co-occurrence network of rhizosphere microbiota shifted dynamically under drought, with core taxa including Bordetella, Janthinobacterium, Methylobacter, Noviherbaspirillum, Pseudomonas, Acidovorax, Variovorax, and the rare taxa Tindallia showing significant correlations with soluble sugars (SS), as was the key metabolite 6”-O-Acetylgenistin. Collectively, root metabolites and core rhizosphere taxa influence plant functional traits, enhancing the plant's adaptability to drought stress. These findings offering novel insights into strategies to increase plant adaptation during droughts.

快速的全球气候变化使干旱胁迫成为植物生长和生产力的重要限制因素。虽然干旱对植物代谢和根际微生物群的影响已被充分记录，但我们对它们在干旱期间增强植物适应性的动态相互作用和潜在协同作用的理解尚不完整。本研究以干旱胁迫下的杜仲为研究对象，结合宏基因组测序、非靶向代谢组学和植物生理评估，发现干旱改变了杜仲根系代谢物谱，特别是丰富了类黄酮6′- o -乙酰genistin。此外，根际微生物群共生网络在干旱条件下发生动态变化，核心类群包括Bordetella、Janthinobacterium、Methylobacter、Noviherbaspirillum、Pseudomonas、Acidovorax、Variovorax和罕见类群Tindallia与可溶性糖（SS）呈显著相关，SS是关键代谢产物6′-O-Acetylgenistin。根代谢物和核心根际分类群共同影响植物的功能性状，增强植物对干旱胁迫的适应性。这些发现为在干旱期间提高植物适应性的策略提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0