Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102429
Longhui Liu , Yanbo Zhao , Zhangfan Huang , Zhongying Long , Huihui Qin , Hao Lin , Sishun Zhou , Lumin Kong , Jianrong Ma , Yi Lin , Zhongbao Li
This study aimed to examine the effect of quercetin (QUE) on the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass that were fed a high soybean meal diet. 44 % fish meal was used as a healthy control, and soybean meal instead of 50 % fish meal induced a negative reaction. On this basis, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 g/kg QUE were added, respectively. A total of 540 spotted sea bass were randomly allocated into 6 groups and provided with diets that corresponded to their respective groups for a duration of 56 days. The results showed a significant decrease in the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass fed a high soybean meal diet. The inclusion of QUE considerably improved the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass. This was evidenced by the notable rise in glutathione (GSH) levels in the intestine and liver, as well as the elevated levels of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver. Furthermore, transcriptome results showed that the S-transferase (GST) gene in the glutathione metabolism pathway was significantly down-regulated by high soybean meal, while with the addition of QUE, noteworthy alterations in genes associated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Foxo signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway. These signaling pathways are involved in signal transduction, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, genes related to energy metabolism, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), were observed to be upregulated. These pathways could potentially contribute to the antioxidant properties of QUE.
{"title":"High soybean dietary supplementation with quercetin improves antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass Lateolabrax maculatus","authors":"Longhui Liu , Yanbo Zhao , Zhangfan Huang , Zhongying Long , Huihui Qin , Hao Lin , Sishun Zhou , Lumin Kong , Jianrong Ma , Yi Lin , Zhongbao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine the effect of quercetin (QUE) on the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass that were fed a high soybean meal diet. 44 % fish meal was used as a healthy control, and soybean meal instead of 50 % fish meal induced a negative reaction. On this basis, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 g/kg QUE were added, respectively. A total of 540 spotted sea bass were randomly allocated into 6 groups and provided with diets that corresponded to their respective groups for a duration of 56 days. The results showed a significant decrease in the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass fed a high soybean meal diet. The inclusion of QUE considerably improved the antioxidant capacity of spotted sea bass. This was evidenced by the notable rise in glutathione (GSH) levels in the intestine and liver, as well as the elevated levels of catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver. Furthermore, transcriptome results showed that the S-transferase (GST) gene in the glutathione metabolism pathway was significantly down-regulated by high soybean meal, while with the addition of QUE, noteworthy alterations in genes associated with the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Foxo signaling pathway, and AMPK signaling pathway. These signaling pathways are involved in signal transduction, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. On the other hand, genes related to energy metabolism, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), were observed to be upregulated. These pathways could potentially contribute to the antioxidant properties of QUE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pale shrimp disease is a serious emerging disease affecting juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in the low salinity areas of Southern Thailand. The most prominent clinical sign is a uniformly pale body coloration, with a mortality rate of nearly 100 % in severe cases. This study aimed to identify the causative agents of this disease. The affected shrimp from the natural outbreak ponds were collected for disease investigation. The disease was proven to be transmissible, as feeding-challenged shrimp showed pale body characteristics. To demonstrate the bacterial etiology of the disease, bacteria were isolated from naturally diseased shrimp and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Pure cultures were inoculated into healthy shrimp. Among the different bacterial isolates (mainly Vibrio spp.), only Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD) induced clinical signs of a pale body. Thus, PDD was examined for pathogenicity via immersion (105 CFU/mL) and oral gavage (107 CFU/shrimp) at 10 ppt. On day 7, the challenged shrimp showed pale body coloration, and the survival rates of both groups were 53 % and 10 %, respectively, whereas no mortality was observed in the control shrimp. Histologically, the hepatopancreatic tubules of the PDD-infected shrimp were atrophic, and lymphoid organ spheroids, myopathy, and hemocytic infiltration in the muscle were also evident. These histopathological changes are generally consistent with those observed in natural outbreaks. Consequently, our findings revealed that the enigmatic pale shrimp disease is caused by PDD, a hitherto unknown pathogen that causes massive shrimp mortality.
{"title":"Investigation of pale shrimp disease in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) caused by Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae in low salinity culture conditions","authors":"Niti Chuchird , Natnicha Chongprachavat , Wiranya Suanploy , Lalitphan Kitsanayanyong , Putsucha Phansawat , Arunothai Keetanon , Parattagorn Wimanhaemin , Tirawat Rairat","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pale shrimp disease is a serious emerging disease affecting juvenile Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) in the low salinity areas of Southern Thailand. The most prominent clinical sign is a uniformly pale body coloration, with a mortality rate of nearly 100 % in severe cases. This study aimed to identify the causative agents of this disease. The affected shrimp from the natural outbreak ponds were collected for disease investigation. The disease was proven to be transmissible, as feeding-challenged shrimp showed pale body characteristics. To demonstrate the bacterial etiology of the disease, bacteria were isolated from naturally diseased shrimp and identified using <em>16S rRNA</em> gene sequencing. Pure cultures were inoculated into healthy shrimp. Among the different bacterial isolates (mainly <em>Vibrio</em> spp.), only <em>Photobacterium damselae</em> subsp. <em>damselae</em> (PDD) induced clinical signs of a pale body. Thus, PDD was examined for pathogenicity <em>via</em> immersion (10<sup>5</sup> CFU/mL) and oral gavage (10<sup>7</sup> CFU/shrimp) at 10 ppt. On day 7, the challenged shrimp showed pale body coloration, and the survival rates of both groups were 53 % and 10 %, respectively, whereas no mortality was observed in the control shrimp. Histologically, the hepatopancreatic tubules of the PDD-infected shrimp were atrophic, and lymphoid organ spheroids, myopathy, and hemocytic infiltration in the muscle were also evident. These histopathological changes are generally consistent with those observed in natural outbreaks. Consequently, our findings revealed that the enigmatic pale shrimp disease is caused by PDD, a hitherto unknown pathogen that causes massive shrimp mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of an efficient disease detection system for Nile Tilapia is critical due to the significant economic and food security impacts of disease outbreaks. Traditional disease identification methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and often fail to detect early signs of disease, leading to substantial economic losses. This study introduces the Adaptive Artificial Multiple Intelligence Fusion System (A-AMIFS), an advanced model that innovatively combines image augmentation, ensemble image segmentation methods, and ensemble Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. The system utilizes a non-population-based artificial multiple intelligence system (np-AMIS) for optimizing image augmentation and a population-based system (Pop-AMIS) for decision fusion, demonstrating superior performance. Evaluated on two novel datasets, Nile Tilapia Disease-1 (NTD-1) and Nile Tilapia Disease-2 (NTD-2), the system achieved an overall accuracy of 98.26 %, precision of 98.35 %, recall of 98.30 %, and an F1-score of 98.32 %, significantly outperforming existing methodologies. Additionally, a "chatbot" feature was developed to enable farmers to automatically detect fish diseases using the ensemble model as the backend classification system, achieving an impressive classification accuracy of over 98 %. These results underscore the system's robustness in detecting various diseases in Nile Tilapia and its potential to transform disease detection in aquaculture. The proposed system reduces manual labor, optimizes disease identification processes, and enhances disease management strategies, promoting more sustainable and productive aquaculture practices. This research highlights the indispensable role of AI techniques in overcoming the complex challenges of disease detection and management in aquaculture, presenting efficient and effective disease management practices. By leveraging advanced image augmentation, ensemble segmentation methods, and ensemble CNN architectures, this study presents a revolutionary approach to disease detection in Nile Tilapia. The integration of a user-friendly chatbot interface further enhances the technology's accessibility and practical application, empowering farmers to proactively manage disease outbreaks and mitigate economic losses.
{"title":"Adaptive artificial multiple intelligence fusion system (A-AMIFS) for enhanced disease detection in Nile Tilapia","authors":"Achara Jutagate , Rapeepan Pitakaso , Surajet Khonjun , Thanatkij Srichok , Chutchai Kaewta , Peerawat Luesak , Sarayut Gonwirat , Prem Enkvetchakul , Tuantong Jutagate","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of an efficient disease detection system for Nile Tilapia is critical due to the significant economic and food security impacts of disease outbreaks. Traditional disease identification methods are labor-intensive, inefficient, and often fail to detect early signs of disease, leading to substantial economic losses. This study introduces the Adaptive Artificial Multiple Intelligence Fusion System (A-AMIFS), an advanced model that innovatively combines image augmentation, ensemble image segmentation methods, and ensemble Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures. The system utilizes a non-population-based artificial multiple intelligence system (np-AMIS) for optimizing image augmentation and a population-based system (Pop-AMIS) for decision fusion, demonstrating superior performance. Evaluated on two novel datasets, Nile Tilapia Disease-1 (NTD-1) and Nile Tilapia Disease-2 (NTD-2), the system achieved an overall accuracy of 98.26 %, precision of 98.35 %, recall of 98.30 %, and an F1-score of 98.32 %, significantly outperforming existing methodologies. Additionally, a \"chatbot\" feature was developed to enable farmers to automatically detect fish diseases using the ensemble model as the backend classification system, achieving an impressive classification accuracy of over 98 %. These results underscore the system's robustness in detecting various diseases in Nile Tilapia and its potential to transform disease detection in aquaculture. The proposed system reduces manual labor, optimizes disease identification processes, and enhances disease management strategies, promoting more sustainable and productive aquaculture practices. This research highlights the indispensable role of AI techniques in overcoming the complex challenges of disease detection and management in aquaculture, presenting efficient and effective disease management practices. By leveraging advanced image augmentation, ensemble segmentation methods, and ensemble CNN architectures, this study presents a revolutionary approach to disease detection in Nile Tilapia. The integration of a user-friendly chatbot interface further enhances the technology's accessibility and practical application, empowering farmers to proactively manage disease outbreaks and mitigate economic losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102418"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102422
Andrea L. Taylor , Alexander J. Basford , Duong N. Duong , Joshua N.J. Herrits , Matthew W.J. Osborne
Black jewfish Protonibea diacanthus is a large, commercially important fish distributed across the tropical Indo-Pacific. In Australia, there is an established commercial wild fishery for the species but it’s aquaculture potential has not been investigated. This research presents hatchery production of native P. diacanthus in Darwin, Australia and documents ontogeny of early life stages of this species over three trial runs. Wild P. diacanthus were induced to spawn with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) and eggs were released approximately 25–28 h after injection (0.88 ± 0.01 mm in diameter with oil globule 0.24 ± 0.01 mm). Larvae hatched 12 h after spawning. At one day post hatch (dph) larvae were 2.68 ± 0.01 mm standard length with 0.15 ± 0.01 mm oil globule diameter. Larvae mouths opened at 31 h post hatch (hph) and first feeding was seen at 57 hph. Swim bladder inflation (92 %) occurred between 40 and 62 hph. Larvae were progressively fed rotifers, Artemia and Otohime microdiet, and metamorphosis occurred between 20 and 25 dph, completing as they reached over 13 mm standard length. Tail biting cannibalism began with the onset of metamorphosis and caused significant mortality until approximately 24 dph when metamorphosed juveniles could be handled and moved to low stocking density systems. This study demonstrates that northern Australian P. diacanthus is amenable to hatchery production and provides important foundational knowledge for this emerging aquaculture species.
{"title":"Embryonic and larval development of black jewfish, Protonibea diacanthus: A new candidate for aquaculture in northern Australia","authors":"Andrea L. Taylor , Alexander J. Basford , Duong N. Duong , Joshua N.J. Herrits , Matthew W.J. Osborne","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black jewfish <em>Protonibea diacanthus</em> is a large, commercially important fish distributed across the tropical Indo-Pacific. In Australia, there is an established commercial wild fishery for the species but it’s aquaculture potential has not been investigated. This research presents hatchery production of native <em>P. diacanthus</em> in Darwin, Australia and documents ontogeny of early life stages of this species over three trial runs. Wild <em>P. diacanthus</em> were induced to spawn with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog (LHRHa) and eggs were released approximately 25–28 h after injection (0.88 ± 0.01 mm in diameter with oil globule 0.24 ± 0.01 mm). Larvae hatched 12 h after spawning. At one day post hatch (dph) larvae were 2.68 ± 0.01 mm standard length with 0.15 ± 0.01 mm oil globule diameter. Larvae mouths opened at 31 h post hatch (hph) and first feeding was seen at 57 hph. Swim bladder inflation (92 %) occurred between 40 and 62 hph. Larvae were progressively fed rotifers, <em>Artemia</em> and Otohime microdiet, and metamorphosis occurred between 20 and 25 dph, completing as they reached over 13 mm standard length. Tail biting cannibalism began with the onset of metamorphosis and caused significant mortality until approximately 24 dph when metamorphosed juveniles could be handled and moved to low stocking density systems. This study demonstrates that northern Australian <em>P. diacanthus</em> is amenable to hatchery production and provides important foundational knowledge for this emerging aquaculture species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102408
Shan-pei Gan , Wen-wen Huang , Xiao-jiang Mao , Hui-juan Ren , Francisco A. Guardiola , Kang-le Lu , Samad Rahimnejad
The aim of this study was to explore the impacts of incorporating α-lipoic acid (LA) in a high-fat diet (HFD) on growth, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in Lateolabrax maculatus. A normal-fat diet (NFD, 10 % lipid), a high-fat diet (HFD, 16 % lipid) and three LA-added HFD (200, 400, or 600 mg kg−1 LA) were prepared and fed to five group of L. maculatus for 57 days. Supplementation of 400 mg kg−1 LA to the HFD improved growth performance and feed utilization. LA treatment reduced the lipids concentration in serum and liver. Moreover, application of 400 mg kg−1 LA in HFD notably decreased the activity of transaminases in serum. Liver oil red O staining results revealed the larger area of red lipid droplets in HFD group compared to the NFD group. Also, abdominal fat HE staining results showed larger adipocytes in the HFD group. Interestingly, LA application led to a reduction in the area of red lipid droplets and a decrease in the size of adipocytes. Furthermore, LA addition alleviated the HFD-induced oxidative stress as identified by enhanced mitochondrial citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase activities. Meanwhile, LA administration induced the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and up-regulated the expression of autophagy-related genes. In conclusion, LA incorporation into HFD for L. maculatus promoted growth performance, enhanced liver mitochondrial function, and mitigated excessive fat accumulation in the liver.
本研究的目的是探讨在高脂日粮（HFD）中添加α-硫辛酸（LA）对大斑马鱼（Lateolabrax maculatus）生长、脂代谢和线粒体功能的影响。制备了普通脂肪日粮（NFD，10 % 脂质）、高脂日粮（HFD，16 % 脂质）和三种添加 LA 的高脂日粮（200、400 或 600 毫克/千克 LA），并喂给五组巨蜥 57 天。在HFD中添加400毫克/千克LA可提高生长性能和饲料利用率。LA处理降低了血清和肝脏中的脂质浓度。此外，在高频饲料中添加400毫克/千克LA能显著降低血清中转氨酶的活性。肝油红 O 染色结果显示，与 NFD 组相比，HFD 组的红色脂滴面积更大。此外，腹部脂肪 HE 染色结果显示，高脂血症组的脂肪细胞更大。有趣的是，添加 LA 后，红色脂滴的面积减少，脂肪细胞的体积缩小。此外，线粒体柠檬酸合成酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶的活性增强，表明添加 LA 可减轻 HFD 引起的氧化应激。同时，LA能诱导线粒体生物生成的激活，并上调自噬相关基因的表达。总之，在高密度脂蛋白胆汁饲粮中添加LA可促进大菱鲆的生长性能，增强肝脏线粒体功能，缓解肝脏中脂肪的过度积累。
{"title":"Effects of α-lipoic acid supplementation in a high-fat diet on growth, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in spotted seabass (Lateolabrax maculatus)","authors":"Shan-pei Gan , Wen-wen Huang , Xiao-jiang Mao , Hui-juan Ren , Francisco A. Guardiola , Kang-le Lu , Samad Rahimnejad","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to explore the impacts of incorporating α-lipoic acid (LA) in a high-fat diet (HFD) on growth, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function in <em>Lateolabrax maculatus.</em> A normal-fat diet (NFD, 10 % lipid), a high-fat diet (HFD, 16 % lipid) and three LA-added HFD (200, 400, or 600 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> LA) were prepared and fed to five group of <em>L. maculatus</em> for 57 days. Supplementation of 400 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> LA to the HFD improved growth performance and feed utilization. LA treatment reduced the lipids concentration in serum and liver. Moreover, application of 400 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> LA in HFD notably decreased the activity of transaminases in serum. Liver oil red O staining results revealed the larger area of red lipid droplets in HFD group compared to the NFD group. Also, abdominal fat HE staining results showed larger adipocytes in the HFD group. Interestingly, LA application led to a reduction in the area of red lipid droplets and a decrease in the size of adipocytes. Furthermore, LA addition alleviated the HFD-induced oxidative stress as identified by enhanced mitochondrial citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase activities. Meanwhile, LA administration induced the activation of mitochondrial biogenesis, and up-regulated the expression of autophagy-related genes. In conclusion, LA incorporation into HFD for <em>L. maculatus</em> promoted growth performance, enhanced liver mitochondrial function, and mitigated excessive fat accumulation in the liver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102403
Anyell Caderno , Paula Simó-Mirabet , Miguel García-Zara, Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
The greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) is a fish species with high commercial value and excellent growth rates, which has led to increasing interest in the aquaculture sector to optimize and expand its production. To gain a deeper insight into its physiological aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the metabolic responses of S. dumerili juveniles after a short period of starvation and subsequent refeeding. For this purpose, the fish were fed ad libitum twice a day for four weeks and were then subjected to a starvation challenge followed by a refeeding period of seven days each. After one week of starvation, the fish showed weight loss but were able to adapt their metabolism by maintaining carbohydrate levels and using lipids and proteins as the main energy sources. All this was supported by decreased glycogenolytic potential during starvation, indicated by lower GP activity, and an increase in gluconeogenic pathway, as evidenced by the observed activity of FBP, LDH, and transaminases (ALT and AST). Moreover, the refeeding period stimulated growth processes by activating metabolic pathways, resulting in higher feed efficiency rates. Correspondingly, the highest plasma cortisol levels were observed during the refeeding period, stimulating anticipatory activity after starvation and contributing to metabolic recovery. In conclusion, S. dumerili can efficiently regulate its internal environment during a short period of starvation, improving feed efficiency and growth parameters after refeeding and rapidly restoring the initial metabolic state. These results could represent promising insights to enhance the feeding program for this species.
大琥珀鱼（Seriola dumerili）是一种商业价值高、生长速度快的鱼类，因此水产养殖业对优化和扩大其产量的兴趣与日俱增。为了更深入地了解其生理方面，本研究旨在评估杜父鱼幼鱼在短期饥饿和随后的再喂食后的新陈代谢反应。为此，对这些鱼进行了为期四周的每天两次自由投喂，然后进行饥饿挑战和为期七天的再投喂。饥饿一周后，鱼的体重有所下降，但能够通过维持碳水化合物水平和使用脂质和蛋白质作为主要能量来源来调整新陈代谢。这一切都得益于饥饿期间糖原分解潜能的降低（表现为 GP 活性降低）和糖原生成途径的增加（表现为 FBP、LDH 和转氨酶（谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶）的活性）。此外，反饲期通过激活代谢途径刺激了生长过程，从而提高了饲料利用率。相应地，在补饲期间观察到最高的血浆皮质醇水平，这刺激了饥饿后的预期活动，有助于新陈代谢的恢复。总之，S. dumerili 能在短时间饥饿期间有效调节其内部环境，提高再饲喂后的饲料效率和生长参数，并迅速恢复初始代谢状态。这些结果很有可能有助于改进该物种的饲养计划。
{"title":"Short-term starvation and refeeding in the greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili, Risso 1810): New insights on physiological and metabolic traits","authors":"Anyell Caderno , Paula Simó-Mirabet , Miguel García-Zara, Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The greater amberjack (<em>Seriola dumerili</em>) is a fish species with high commercial value and excellent growth rates, which has led to increasing interest in the aquaculture sector to optimize and expand its production. To gain a deeper insight into its physiological aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the metabolic responses of <em>S. dumerili</em> juveniles after a short period of starvation and subsequent refeeding. For this purpose, the fish were fed <em>ad libitum</em> twice a day for four weeks and were then subjected to a starvation challenge followed by a refeeding period of seven days each. After one week of starvation, the fish showed weight loss but were able to adapt their metabolism by maintaining carbohydrate levels and using lipids and proteins as the main energy sources. All this was supported by decreased glycogenolytic potential during starvation, indicated by lower GP activity, and an increase in gluconeogenic pathway, as evidenced by the observed activity of FBP, LDH, and transaminases (ALT and AST). Moreover, the refeeding period stimulated growth processes by activating metabolic pathways, resulting in higher feed efficiency rates. Correspondingly, the highest plasma cortisol levels were observed during the refeeding period, stimulating anticipatory activity after starvation and contributing to metabolic recovery. In conclusion, <em>S. dumerili</em> can efficiently regulate its internal environment during a short period of starvation, improving feed efficiency and growth parameters after refeeding and rapidly restoring the initial metabolic state. These results could represent promising insights to enhance the feeding program for this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102412
Shan Gao , Linxin Dai , Yue Wang, Zuluan Liang, Yinhuan Zhou, Chengbo Sun
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is an important pathogen in the aquaculture industry that poses a serious threat to the shrimp farming industry. In this study, Litopenaeus vannamei was selected as the research object to determine the critical concentration of ammonia nitrogen that triggered the outbreak of WSSV. Multiomics techniques were used to study the comprehensive reaction mechanism of L. vannamei, which is in a state of WSSV infection and transforms into acute infection under conditions of ammonia nitrogen stress, from physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic perspectives. The toxicity of ammonia nitrogen and WSSV to L. vannamei was measured by the LC50 test, and semilethal concentrations at 72 hpi, 96 hpi, 120 hpi, and 144 hpi were obtained. H&E staining revealed pathological changes in the intestinal tract induced by WSSV infection, ammonia nitrogen stress, and combined ammonia nitrogen and WSSV stress in L. vannamei. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed that activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway triggers metabolic reprogramming of cells, which is conducive to the WSSV-induced Warburg effect and proliferation. Blocking the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway could reduce the apoptosis of WSSV-infected cells, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Notably, ammonia nitrogen stress disrupted the balance between shrimp and WSSV latent infection, increased the susceptibility to WSSV infection, and aggravated the severity of infection. The obstruction of ammonia metabolism leads to an increase in ammonia nitrogen levels, aggravates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of the host, causes intracellular oxidative damage and host tissue damage, weakens the immune function of the host, and cannot effectively resist WSSV infection, leading to the acceleration of WSSV replication and disease outbreaks.
{"title":"Effects of WSSV and ammonia nitrogen stress on the enzyme activity and transcriptome of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Shan Gao , Linxin Dai , Yue Wang, Zuluan Liang, Yinhuan Zhou, Chengbo Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is an important pathogen in the aquaculture industry that poses a serious threat to the shrimp farming industry. In this study, <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> was selected as the research object to determine the critical concentration of ammonia nitrogen that triggered the outbreak of WSSV. Multiomics techniques were used to study the comprehensive reaction mechanism of <em>L. vannamei</em>, which is in a state of WSSV infection and transforms into acute infection under conditions of ammonia nitrogen stress, from physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic perspectives. The toxicity of ammonia nitrogen and WSSV to <em>L. vannamei</em> was measured by the LC<sub>50</sub> test, and semilethal concentrations at 72 hpi, 96 hpi, 120 hpi, and 144 hpi were obtained. H&E staining revealed pathological changes in the intestinal tract induced by WSSV infection, ammonia nitrogen stress, and combined ammonia nitrogen and WSSV stress in <em>L. vannamei</em>. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs revealed that activation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway triggers metabolic reprogramming of cells, which is conducive to the WSSV-induced Warburg effect and proliferation. Blocking the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway could reduce the apoptosis of WSSV-infected cells, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Notably, ammonia nitrogen stress disrupted the balance between shrimp and WSSV latent infection, increased the susceptibility to WSSV infection, and aggravated the severity of infection. The obstruction of ammonia metabolism leads to an increase in ammonia nitrogen levels, aggravates the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of the host, causes intracellular oxidative damage and host tissue damage, weakens the immune function of the host, and cannot effectively resist WSSV infection, leading to the acceleration of WSSV replication and disease outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102402
Shuze Zhang , Chang’an Wang , Siyuan Liu , Yaling Wang , Shaoxia Lu , Shicheng Han , Haibo Jiang , Hongbai Liu , Yuhong Yang
Lysine is one of the essential amino acids for fish growth and development. This study investigated the effect of dietary lysine on growth performance, digestion, and intestinal health of triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (initial body weight: 9.00 ± 0.33 g) fed a low fish meal diet (15 %). Five dietary lysine levels (3.66 %, 3.84 %, 4.19 %, 4.32 %, and 4.55 %) were evaluated for 56 days, with three replicates of 30 fish per level. The results showed that the weight gain rate (198.55 %), specific growth rate (1.95), and VSI were maximized when the dietary lysine level was 4.19 %. The 4.19 % lysine group exhibited minimum moisture (66.66 %) and maximum crude protein (15.47 %), with no significant differences in crude lipid and ash contents. Growth factors mTOR and 4EBP-1, on the other hand, had the highest expression in the 4.19 % group, while IGF-1 and S6K1 peaked in the 4.32 % group. The anti-inflammatory factors TGF-β, NF-κB, IL-4, and IL-10 peaked at different levels and then decreased with increasing lysine levels. The pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β, on the other hand, had the lowest expression at the 4.19 % level. Based on quadratic regression analysis of specific growth rate, the lysine requirement of triploid O. mykiss in low fish meal diets was 4.24 %.
{"title":"Impact of dietary lysine on growth, nutrient utilization, and intestinal health in triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed low fish meal diets","authors":"Shuze Zhang , Chang’an Wang , Siyuan Liu , Yaling Wang , Shaoxia Lu , Shicheng Han , Haibo Jiang , Hongbai Liu , Yuhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lysine is one of the essential amino acids for fish growth and development. This study investigated the effect of dietary lysine on growth performance, digestion, and intestinal health of triploid rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) (initial body weight: 9.00 ± 0.33 g) fed a low fish meal diet (15 %). Five dietary lysine levels (3.66 %, 3.84 %, 4.19 %, 4.32 %, and 4.55 %) were evaluated for 56 days, with three replicates of 30 fish per level. The results showed that the weight gain rate (198.55 %), specific growth rate (1.95), and VSI were maximized when the dietary lysine level was 4.19 %. The 4.19 % lysine group exhibited minimum moisture (66.66 %) and maximum crude protein (15.47 %), with no significant differences in crude lipid and ash contents. Growth factors mTOR and 4EBP-1, on the other hand, had the highest expression in the 4.19 % group, while IGF-1 and S6K1 peaked in the 4.32 % group. The anti-inflammatory factors TGF-β, NF-κB, IL-4, and IL-10 peaked at different levels and then decreased with increasing lysine levels. The pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β, on the other hand, had the lowest expression at the 4.19 % level. Based on quadratic regression analysis of specific growth rate, the lysine requirement of triploid <em>O. mykiss</em> in low fish meal diets was 4.24 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP) is a key regulatory factor closely related to p53 in apoptosis pathway. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of ASPP in Litopenaeus vannamei, the expression of LvASPP mRNA under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress was explored, and the effects of knocking out LvASPP on mortality, histological damage, and the apoptosis pathway in L. vannamei under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress were investigated. Healthy L. vannamei (7.78 ± 0.70 g) were used in this study. After shrimp were stressed with an ammonia-N concentration of 30.00 mg/L for 48 h, qRT-PCR was used to detect a significant increase in LvASPP mRNA expression in the hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle. Following 48 h of nitrite-N stress at a concentration of 60.00 mg/L, LvASPP mRNA expression was significantly increased in the hepatopancreas. The survival rate notably increased under 80 h of ammonia-N stress (25.00 mg/L) after LvASPP RNA interference (30 % more than the control group), and the number of shrimp deaths decreased after 48 h of nitrite-N stress. Moreover, under the stress of ammonia-N and nitrite-N respectively, LvASPP silencing reduced the expression of p53, and led to a decrease in the expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, Apaf-1, Caspase 9, MDM2). Caspase 3 activity, TUNEL-positive cells and the apoptotic index in the hepatopancreas markedly reduced under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress. The potential pathway suggests that inhibiting LvASPP reduces the mRNA expression of p53, which leads to a decrease in Caspase 3 activity, inhibiting apoptosis in the hepatopancreatic cells of L. vannamei under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress. These data indicate that the knockdown of LvASPP positively impacted the tolerance of L. vannamei to ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress by regulating the apoptosis pathway. This suggests that employing gene-targeted dsRNA could be an effective strategy for alleviating the environmental pressures faced by shrimp in aquaculture management.
{"title":"Apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP) participates in the regulation of apoptosis in Litopenaeus vannamei under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress","authors":"Xiaoxun Zhou, Hongbiao Zhuo, Lanting Lin, Yuan Zhang, Jinyan Li, Shuo Fu, Guangbo Wu, Chaoan Guo, Jianyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP) is a key regulatory factor closely related to p53 in apoptosis pathway. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of ASPP in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>, the expression of <em>LvASPP</em> mRNA under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress was explored, and the effects of knocking out <em>LvASPP</em> on mortality, histological damage, and the apoptosis pathway in <em>L. vannamei</em> under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress were investigated. Healthy <em>L. vannamei</em> (7.78 ± 0.70 g) were used in this study. After shrimp were stressed with an ammonia-N concentration of 30.00 mg/L for 48 h, qRT-PCR was used to detect a significant increase in <em>LvASPP</em> mRNA expression in the hepatopancreas, gills, and muscle. Following 48 h of nitrite-N stress at a concentration of 60.00 mg/L, <em>LvASPP</em> mRNA expression was significantly increased in the hepatopancreas. The survival rate notably increased under 80 h of ammonia-N stress (25.00 mg/L) after <em>LvASPP</em> RNA interference (30 % more than the control group), and the number of shrimp deaths decreased after 48 h of nitrite-N stress. Moreover, under the stress of ammonia-N and nitrite-N respectively, <em>LvASPP</em> silencing reduced the expression of p53, and led to a decrease in the expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, Apaf-1, Caspase 9, MDM2). Caspase 3 activity, TUNEL-positive cells and the apoptotic index in the hepatopancreas markedly reduced under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress. The potential pathway suggests that inhibiting <em>LvASPP</em> reduces the mRNA expression of p53, which leads to a decrease in Caspase 3 activity, inhibiting apoptosis in the hepatopancreatic cells of <em>L. vannamei</em> under ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress. These data indicate that the knockdown of <em>LvASPP</em> positively impacted the tolerance of <em>L. vannamei</em> to ammonia-N and nitrite-N stress by regulating the apoptosis pathway. This suggests that employing gene-targeted dsRNA could be an effective strategy for alleviating the environmental pressures faced by shrimp in aquaculture management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102415
Jiazheng Ye , Fangling Liu , Siqi Ren , Zhuo Cai , Kejing Huang , Xinrui Wu , Yurui Lin , Wanqing Tong , Qianhui Li , Shanjian Zheng
Grass carp, a common aquatic species in China, suffer significant annual losses due to infection by the parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ich), thus necessitating effective prevention and control measures. In the present study, the Ich β-tubulin gene was cloned and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 plasmid to construct the Ich β-tubulin DNA vaccine (pVAX1-Bt). After two doses of the pVAX1-Bt vaccine, the relative percentage survival (RPS) reached 70.0 %, whereas the RPS after 2 doses of pVAX1 reached 10.0 %. The β-tubulin antibody, specific antibody IgM, and immune enzymes (MDA, SOD, CAT, ACP, AKP, and cortisol) were tested over13 weeks. The findings revealed a significant enhancement in the vaccinated fish compared to their unvaccinated counterparts, indicating that the vaccine can activate the humoral immune pathway and non-specific immunity in fish, thereby promoting the production of specific antibodies and memory B cells. Collectively, these results indicate that the Ich β-tubulin DNA vaccine has potential in treatment of Ich infection (ichthyophthiriasis).
草鱼是中国常见的水生物种，每年因寄生纤毛虫多纤毛虫（Ich）的感染而遭受重大损失，因此必须采取有效的防控措施。本研究克隆了Ich β-微管蛋白基因，并将其插入真核表达载体pVAX1质粒中，构建了Ich β-微管蛋白DNA疫苗（pVAX1-Bt）。接种两剂pVAX1-Bt疫苗后，相对存活率（RPS）达到70.0%，而接种两剂pVAX1疫苗后的相对存活率为10.0%。在13周的时间里，对β-微管蛋白抗体、特异性抗体IgM和免疫酶（MDA、SOD、CAT、ACP、AKP和皮质醇）进行了检测。结果显示，与未接种疫苗的鱼类相比，接种疫苗的鱼类免疫力明显提高，这表明疫苗可以激活鱼类的体液免疫途径和非特异性免疫，从而促进特异性抗体和记忆性 B 细胞的产生。总之，这些结果表明，Ich β-tubulin DNA 疫苗具有治疗 Ich 感染（鱼鳞病）的潜力。
{"title":"Preparation and immunological study of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis β-tubulin DNA vaccine in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"Jiazheng Ye , Fangling Liu , Siqi Ren , Zhuo Cai , Kejing Huang , Xinrui Wu , Yurui Lin , Wanqing Tong , Qianhui Li , Shanjian Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grass carp, a common aquatic species in China, suffer significant annual losses due to infection by the parasitic ciliate <em>Ichthyophthirius multifiliis</em> (Ich), thus necessitating effective prevention and control measures. In the present study, the Ich <em>β-tubulin</em> gene was cloned and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pVAX1 plasmid to construct the Ich β-tubulin DNA vaccine (pVAX1-Bt). After two doses of the pVAX1-Bt vaccine, the relative percentage survival (RPS) reached 70.0 %, whereas the RPS after 2 doses of pVAX1 reached 10.0 %. The β-tubulin antibody, specific antibody IgM, and immune enzymes (MDA, SOD, CAT, ACP, AKP, and cortisol) were tested over13 weeks. The findings revealed a significant enhancement in the vaccinated fish compared to their unvaccinated counterparts, indicating that the vaccine can activate the humoral immune pathway and non-specific immunity in fish, thereby promoting the production of specific antibodies and memory B cells. Collectively, these results indicate that the Ich β-tubulin DNA vaccine has potential in treatment of Ich infection (ichthyophthiriasis).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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