Aquaculture Reports最新文献

Nitrite toxicity in yellowtail tetra fish, Astyanax lacustris, at different temperature levels 不同温度水平下黄尾利乐鱼亚硝酸盐的毒性

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103270

Edison Barbieri, Marcelo Barbosa Henriques

Nitrite (NO₂⁻) is a toxic nitrogenous compound in aquaculture systems, particularly in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) operating at high densities, where its accumulation may cause severe physiological disorders in fish. This study evaluated the acute toxicity (LC₅₀) of nitrite and its sublethal effects on hematological parameters, oxygen consumption, and ammonia excretion in adults of Astyanax lacustris (yellowtail tetra fish), widely used as live bait in recreational fishing. Experiments were performed at three temperatures (20°C, 25°C, and 30°C). Nitrite toxicity increased significantly with both exposure time and temperature. After 96 h, LC₅₀ values decreased from 5.17 mg L⁻¹ at 20°C to 2.47 mg L⁻¹ at 30°C, indicating enhanced thermal sensitivity. Sublethal exposure promoted reductions in erythrocyte count and hemoglobin levels, consistent with hemolytic anemia, while plasma glucose levels increased, suggesting activation of stress responses. Metabolic effects included significant, temperature-dependent increases in oxygen consumption (up to 223.2 % at 30°C and 20 mg L⁻¹ nitrite) and ammonia excretion (up to 147.05 % at 25°C and 20 mg L⁻¹ nitrite), demonstrating a synergistic interaction between nitrite and elevated temperature. These results emphasize the importance of controlling both nitrite levels and water temperature in aquaculture systems, especially for species managed as live bait. Optimizing transport and holding conditions for A. lacustris requires monitoring of thermal regimes and nitrogenous waste accumulation, as their interaction intensifies physiological stress. Overall, this study provides practical guidelines to reduce mortality, improve animal welfare in the live bait trade, and support precise water quality management strategies in tropical aquaculture.

亚硝酸盐（NO₂⁻）是一种有毒的含氮化合物，存在于水产养殖系统中，特别是在高密度的循环水养殖系统（RAS）中，它的积累可能会导致鱼类严重的生理失调。本研究评估了亚硝酸盐的急性毒性（LC₅0）及其对成年Astyanax lacustris（黄尾利乐鱼）血液学参数，氧气消耗和氨排泄的亚致死影响，该鱼广泛用作休闲钓鱼的活饵。实验在20°C、25°C和30°C三种温度下进行。亚硝酸盐的毒性随暴露时间和温度的增加而显著增加。96 h后，LC₅₀值从20°C时的5.17 mg L⁻¹ 下降到30°C时的2.47 mg L⁻¹ ，表明热敏性增强。亚致死暴露导致红细胞计数和血红蛋白水平降低，与溶血性贫血一致，而血浆葡萄糖水平升高，表明应激反应被激活。代谢作用包括显著的、温度依赖性的耗氧量增加（在30°C时高达223.2 %,20 mg L -⁻（亚硝酸盐））和氨排泄增加（在25°C时高达147.05 %,20 mg L -⁻（亚硝酸盐）），证明了亚硝酸盐和高温之间的协同作用。这些结果强调了在水产养殖系统中控制亚硝酸盐水平和水温的重要性，特别是对作为活饵料管理的鱼种。优化湖泊草的运输和保存条件需要监测热状态和氮废物积累，因为它们的相互作用加剧了生理应激。总体而言，本研究为降低死亡率、改善活体饵料贸易中的动物福利以及支持热带水产养殖的精确水质管理策略提供了实用指南。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated morphological, histological, physiological, and metabolomic analyses reveal the role of photoperiod in regulating the growth and molting of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii 综合形态学、组织学、生理学和代谢组学分析揭示了光周期在罗氏沼虾幼虾生长和蜕皮中的作用

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103272

Yakun Wang , Kunhao Hong , Jie Wei , Qiaoyan Zhou , Yayi Huang , Zikang Tu , Tianhui Jiao , Sikai Xu , Lingyun Yu

Photoperiod is a key environmental factor influencing the growth of crustaceans; however, its specific effects and underlying mechanisms on the early growth and molting of juvenile Macrobrachium rosenbergii remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of different photoperiods on early growth, molting, and hepatopancreatic metabolism. The results showed that survival rate, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate were significantly higher in the L24:D0 group compared with the L12:D12 and L0:D24 groups. Furthermore, as the duration of light exposure increased, hemolymph levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) also increased significantly (P < 0.05). The expression levels of genes including CHH, ECR, HSP70, MIH, and KRLF were significantly higher in the L24:D0 group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). Under this condition, 20E content showed a significant positive correlation with RXR and CAN expression levels. Non-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed differential enrichment of ABC transporters, nucleotide metabolism, and the FoxO signaling pathway among treatments. Lipid molecules such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine—key metabolites in the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway—exhibited enhanced metabolism under long photoperiods. These metabolites interacted with one another while simultaneously participating in cellular autophagy, sugar metabolism, and other processes. Mantel test results indicated that juvenile shrimp growth performance and photoperiod were significantly positively correlated with phosphatidylinositol metabolite levels (P < 0.05). These findings provide a solid foundation for elucidating the photoperiod-regulated molting mechanism and for improving the management efficiency of factory-scale aquaculture of M. rosenbergii.

光周期是影响甲壳类动物生长的关键环境因子；然而，其对罗氏沼虾幼鱼早期生长和蜕皮的具体影响及其潜在机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们研究了不同光周期对早期生长、蜕皮和肝胰代谢的影响。结果表明，L24:D0组的成活率、增重率和特定生长率显著高于L12:D12和L0:D24组。此外，随着光照时间的延长，血淋巴20-羟基蜕皮激素（20E）和甲壳类高血糖激素（CHH）水平也显著升高（P <； 0.05）。L24:D0组CHH、ECR、HSP70、MIH、KRLF基因表达水平显著高于其他两组（P <； 0.05）。在此条件下，20E含量与RXR和CAN表达量呈显著正相关。非靶向代谢组学分析显示，不同处理之间ABC转运蛋白、核苷酸代谢和FoxO信号通路的富集存在差异。磷脂代谢途径中的关键代谢物磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺等脂质分子在长光周期下表现出增强的代谢。这些代谢物相互作用，同时参与细胞自噬、糖代谢和其他过程。Mantel试验结果表明，虾仔生长性能和光周期与磷脂酰肌醇代谢物水平呈显著正相关（P <； 0.05）。研究结果为阐明罗氏沼虾光周期调控脱壳机理和提高工厂化养殖管理效率奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of high pH on molting and calcium absorption of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) 高pH对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）脱皮和钙吸收的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103274

Yiming Li , Yucong Ye , Ziwen Tang , Zihan Zhou , Zongli Yao , Pengcheng Gao , Yunlong Zhao , Qifang Lai

Rising pH in culture water has become an increasingly prominent problem in high-density aquaculture systems. Researchers have found that an increase in pH level can affect the molting process of prawns. However, studies of the effects of different pH environments on the molting and calcium absorption of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) are relatively scarce. The goals of this study were to explore the effects of different pH levels on the molting, calcium absorption, ion regulation, and hormone changes of this species. The results showed that high pH (9.0–9.25) significantly reduced shrimp survival, with the highest mortality observed at pH 9.25. At high pH levels, the calcium ion concentrations in hemolymph, gills, and midgut decreased and showed tissue specificity. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that high pH damaged the shrimp shells and reduced their thickness. Energy dispersive spectroscopy further revealed that the calcium content in the shells decreased under high pH conditions. Additionally, the ion content and related ion enzyme activities decreased at high pH. The assessment of carbohydrate metabolism-related hormones showed that high pH caused an increase in thyroid-releasing hormone, while the concentrations of corticotropin-releasing hormone and insulin 2 were significantly reduced. Expression levels of genes related to molting (e.g., chitin synthase, chitinase 5, ecdysteroid receptor, retinoid X receptor, and calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase I) were significantly downregulated, while the expression of molt-inhibiting hormone was upregulated. In summary, we found that high pH values affect calcium absorption, ion balance, hormone regulation, and molting processes in shrimp through multiple physiological and molecular pathways. These findings provide a theoretical explanation for the changes in molting and calcium ion regulation caused by high pH in high-density shrimp farming, and they provide important references for subsequent calcium supplementation measures in shrimp aquaculture, for example by supplementing soluble calcium salts to enhance exoskeleton mineralization.

养殖水体pH值升高已成为高密度养殖系统中日益突出的问题。研究人员发现，pH值的增加会影响对虾的蜕皮过程。然而，不同pH环境对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）蜕皮和钙吸收影响的研究相对较少。本研究旨在探讨不同pH值对该物种脱毛、钙吸收、离子调节和激素变化的影响。结果表明，较高的pH值（9.0 ~ 9.25）显著降低了对虾的存活率，其中pH值为9.25时死亡率最高。在高pH水平下，血淋巴、鳃和中肠中的钙离子浓度降低，并表现出组织特异性。扫描电镜结果表明，高pH对虾壳造成损伤，使虾壳厚度减小。能量色散光谱进一步显示，在高pH条件下，壳中的钙含量降低。此外，高pH下，离子含量和相关离子酶活性降低。碳水化合物代谢相关激素的评估显示，高pH导致甲状腺释放激素升高，促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素和胰岛素2浓度显著降低。几丁质合成酶、几丁质酶5、表皮甾体受体、类视黄醇X受体、钙钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶I等与脱皮相关的基因表达水平显著下调，而脱皮抑制激素表达上调。综上所述，我们发现高pH值通过多种生理和分子途径影响虾的钙吸收、离子平衡、激素调节和蜕皮过程。本研究结果为高密度养殖对虾高pH值导致的脱壳和钙离子调节变化提供了理论解释，并为后续对虾养殖中补充可溶性钙盐增强外骨骼矿化等补钙措施提供了重要参考。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization and genome analysis of a novel isolate of Chryseobacterium sp. associated with spring fish kills in gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) 一株与异育银鲫春鱼死亡相关的新分离株的鉴定及基因组分析

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103271

Nannan Shen , Ting Qin , Kai Chen , Jun Xie , Liangkun Pan , Bingwen Xi

Recently, an emerging fish disease has caused massive mortality of farmed gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) in the early spring, and the diseased fish are associated with red heads and red mouths, which is also called “overwintering syndrome” in China. However, the exact causative agent of this fish kill is unclear. To identify the pathogen of the disease, bacterial isolations were conducted on the diseased gibel carp. The result showed that one dominant strain was identified as Chryseobacterium sp. YC-874, through bacterial morphology, physiological and biochemical tests, and 16S rRNA genetic sequence analysis. Histopathology observation found that the liver, spleen, kidneys, and intestines of the diseased fish had different degrees of damage. Drug sensitivity test showed that the isolate was sensitive to cotrimoxazole, moderately sensitive to enrofloxacin, and resistant to doxycycline, florfenicol, and neomycin. Furthermore, the genome of Chryseobacterium sp. YC-874 was sequenced and analyzed to gain an insight into its pathogenicity. The genome of YC-874 comprised of a single circular 5.32 Mb chromosome with 36.17 % GC content and encoded 4775 coding genes, among which 4643 genes were associated with the pathogenicity, virulence, and effector proteins. Although Chryseobacterium sp. is widely present in aquatic environments, this is the first report of Chryseobacterium sp. isolated from diseased C. gibelio. The infections of fish may be the result of the immunosuppression under spring conditions, combined with the psychrotrophic nature of bacteria.

最近，一种新出现的鱼类疾病在早春造成了养殖的异育银鲫（Carassius gibelio）的大量死亡，病鱼与红头红嘴有关，在中国也被称为“越冬综合征”。然而，这种鱼类死亡的确切病原体尚不清楚。为鉴定病原菌，对患病的异育银鲫进行了细菌分离。结果表明，通过细菌形态、生理生化及16S rRNA基因序列分析，鉴定出1株优势菌株为Chryseobacterium sp. YC-874。组织病理学观察发现病鱼的肝、脾、肾、肠均有不同程度的损伤。药敏试验结果表明，该菌株对复方新诺明敏感，对恩诺沙星中等敏感，对强力霉素、氟苯尼考、新霉素耐药。此外，我们还对Chryseobacterium sp. YC-874的基因组进行了测序和分析，以了解其致病性。YC-874基因组由一条环状5.32 Mb染色体组成，GC含量为36.17 %，编码4775个编码基因，其中4643个基因与致病性、毒力和效应蛋白相关。虽然黄杆菌广泛存在于水生环境中，但这是第一次从患病的gibelio c中分离到黄杆菌。鱼类的感染可能是春季条件下免疫抑制的结果，再加上细菌的精神营养性质。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of acute cold and heat shocks on the protein profile of crayfish hemolymph: Implications for crustacean adaptation to thermal stress 急性冷和热冲击对小龙虾血淋巴蛋白谱的影响：甲壳类动物适应热应激的意义

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103265

Kifayatullah Mengal , Golara Kor , Valentina Siino , Fredrik Levander , Hamid Niksirat

Temperature, a key environmental stressor, can induce changes at the molecular levels in the body of living beings, which are necessary for adaptation and survival under altered conditions. We investigated the effects of acute cold (3 °C) and heat (32 °C) shocks on hemolymph protein profiles in marbled crayfish. Results showed that cold shock induced a metabolic shift toward glucose production by increasing enzymes for breaking down glycogen and upregulating enzymes related to glycolysis, such as glycogen phosphorylase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, enolase, and L-lactate dehydrogenase in the hemolymph of crayfish. The upregulation of proteins such as filamin-A, alpha-actinin, and tubulin beta may indicate that immune cells in the hemolymph strengthen their survival during cold stress through reinforcement of the cytoskeletal rigidity. Shifts in the abundance of immunity-related proteins such as masquerade-like and β-1,3-glucan-binding proteins suggest that the immune system of decapods can adapt to thermal stresses via remodeling the extracellular matrix and pattern recognition receptors, ultimately modulating host defense strategies by shifting between phagocytosis and melanization. Furthermore, the regulation of reproduction-associated proteins indicates that thermal shock may affect the capacity for reproduction. These findings offer insight into how decapods cope with thermal stresses and may support strategies to protect them in farmed environments, especially under climate change. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD065043.

温度是一个关键的环境应激源，它可以引起生物体内分子水平的变化，这是在变化的条件下适应和生存所必需的。我们研究了急性冷（3°C）和热（32°C）冲击对大理石纹小龙虾血淋巴蛋白谱的影响。结果表明，冷休克通过增加小龙虾血淋巴中糖原磷酸化酶、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶、烯醇化酶和l -乳酸脱氢酶等糖原分解酶和糖酵解相关酶的表达，诱导代谢向葡萄糖生成转变。丝蛋白-a、α -肌动蛋白和β微管蛋白等蛋白的上调可能表明，血淋巴中的免疫细胞通过增强细胞骨架刚性来增强其在冷应激中的生存能力。免疫相关蛋白（如假面蛋白和β-1,3-葡聚糖结合蛋白）丰度的变化表明，十足动物的免疫系统可以通过重塑细胞外基质和模式识别受体来适应热应激，最终通过在吞噬和黑化之间转换来调节宿主的防御策略。此外，生殖相关蛋白的调节表明，热休克可能会影响生殖能力。这些发现为十足类动物如何应对热应力提供了见解，并可能支持在农业环境中保护它们的策略，特别是在气候变化的情况下。数据可通过ProteomeXchange获得，标识符为PXD065043。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal feeding frequency for intensive indoor culture of pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis) 法老墨鱼室内集约化养殖的最佳投食频率

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103267

Qilong Huang, Jiayi Sun, Jiawen Yu, Ruibing Peng, Maowang Jiang, Qingxi Han, Xiamin Jiang

In order to optimize the indoor scale artificial culture of Sepia pharaonis, this study compared the growth performance, composition of body components, activity of digestive enzymes, and intestinal microorganisms of S. pharaonis under different feeding frequencies, 1 time/day (T1), 2 times/day (T2), and 3 times/day (T3). The results showed that the feeding frequency had a significant effect on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microorganisms of the S. pharaonis. The T3 group exhibited significantly higher survival rate, specific growth rate, weight gain rate and feed conversion ratio compared to other groups, reaching 30.76 %, 15.05 %, 31.19 % and 41.05 %, respectively. The T2 group showed the highest protein content and lowest lipid content in body composition. Digestive enzyme analysis revealed maximum amylase and protease activities in T2, while lipase activity peaked in T3. Intestinal microbiota characterization indicated a healthier and more stable microbial environment in T2. In conclusion, we suggest that the S. pharaonis (juvenile stage) cultured in the indoor cement pool environment, if the pursuit of yield, choose to feed 3 times/day, if the pursuit of quality and cost control, choose to feed 2 times/day. These findings provide crucial theoretical guidance for optimizing feeding strategies in S. pharaonis aquaculture systems.

为了优化法老棕蚌室内规模人工养殖，本研究比较了不同投喂频率(1次/天（T1）、2次/天（T2）和3次/天（T3）下法老棕蚌的生长性能、体成分组成、消化酶活性和肠道微生物。结果表明，摄食频率对法老沙蚕的生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性和肠道微生物均有显著影响。T3组的成活率、特定生长率、增重率和饲料系数均显著高于其他各组，分别达到30.76 %、15.05 %、31.19 %和41.05 %。T2组体成分中蛋白质含量最高，脂肪含量最低。消化酶分析显示，淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性在T2时最高，而脂肪酶活性在T3时达到峰值。肠道菌群特征表明T2的微生物环境更健康、更稳定。综上所述，我们建议在室内水泥池环境中养殖的法老沙蚕（幼期），如果追求产量，选择投喂3次/天，如果追求质量和成本控制，选择投喂2次/天。这些发现为优化法老沙蚕养殖系统的饲养策略提供了重要的理论指导。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of replacing fish meal with conventional or fermented soybean meal on intestinal morphology, microbiota, and oxidative stress biomarkers in the white snook (Centropomus viridis) 传统或发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对绿颡鱼（Centropomus viridis）肠道形态、微生物和氧化应激生物标志物的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103269

Ricardo Pérez–Velasco , Bruno Gómez-Gil , María Cristina Chávez-Sánchez , Alondra Mesina-Peña , Lizeth Carolina Flores-Méndez , Juan Manuel Martínez-Brown , Crisantema Hernández

This study examined the effect of replacing fishmeal (FM) with soybean meal (SBM) or fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on midgut micromorphology, distal gut microbiota, catalase activity, and lipid peroxidation in the white snook Centropomus viridis. The control diet contained 328.15 g kg ⁻¹ FM. Four experimental diets were formulated based on the control diet, replacing 25 % and 40 % FM protein with SBM (SBM25 and SBM40) or FSBM (FSBM25 and FSBM40). Juvenile snook (11.42 ± 0.83 g) were fed for 80 days in quadruplicate experimental groups (n = 60 fish per diet). Fish fed the SBM25 and SBM40 diets showed signs of enteritis. In addition, fish fed the SBM40 diet showed decreased catalase activity in the liver. In contrast, fish fed the FSBM25 and FSBM40 diets showed neither signs of enteritis nor reduced catalase activity. The dietary inclusion of FSBM favored a higher abundance of the genus Photobacterium in the distal intestinal microbiota. In addition, fish fed the FSBM25 diet showed higher dominance in the intestinal bacterial community. These results demonstrate that high dietary inclusion levels of soybean meal can affect white snook intestinal health and induce signs of oxidative stress. Furthermore, they highlight the potential of FSBM as an alternative protein source, as it does not negatively affect gut health. The results also demonstrate that FSBM can modulate the intestinal microbiota of juvenile white snook. Future research is needed to elucidate the functional role of Photobacterium species in the gut microbiota of C. viridis.

本试验研究了用豆粕（SBM）或发酵豆粕（FSBM）替代鱼粉（FM）对绿颡鱼（Centropomus viridis）中肠微形态、远端肠道微生物群、过氧化氢酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响。对照组饲粮中添加鱼粉328.15 g kg−1。在对照饲粮的基础上配制4种试验饲粮，分别用SBM （SBM25和SBM40）或FSBM （FSBM25和FSBM40）替代25 %和40 %鱼粉蛋白质。鱼幼鱼（11.42 ± 0.83 g）分为4个重复试验组（ = /日粮60尾），投喂80 d。饲喂SBM25和SBM40饲料的鱼表现出肠炎的迹象。此外，饲喂SBM40饲料的鱼肝脏过氧化氢酶活性降低。相比之下，饲喂FSBM25和FSBM40饲料的鱼没有出现肠炎的迹象，也没有过氧化氢酶活性降低。饲料中添加FSBM有利于远端肠道微生物群中光杆菌属的丰度较高。此外，饲喂FSBM25饲料的鱼在肠道细菌群落中表现出更高的优势。由此可见，饲粮中添加高水平豆粕可影响白鼬肠道健康，诱发氧化应激。此外，他们强调了FSBM作为替代蛋白质来源的潜力，因为它不会对肠道健康产生负面影响。结果还表明，FSBM可以调节白鲷幼鱼肠道菌群。光杆菌种类在绿梭菌肠道菌群中的功能作用有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of the addition of Enteromorpha prolifera meal and its derivatives in diets on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity and immune ability of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) 饲料中添加浒苔草粉及其衍生物对大口黑鲈生长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫能力的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103266

Sihan Lin , Xin Cui , Lubo Wang , Minqin Dai , Peng Wang , Haiqi Pu , Anqi Chen , Yucai Guo , Zhihong Liao , Wei Zhao , Jin Niu

The research investigated the effects of Enteromorpha (Ulva) prolifera meal and its derivatives (E. prolifera hydrolysate, E. prolifera protein, and E. prolifera polysaccharide) in diets on growth performance, liver antioxidant activity and immunity, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Five experimental groups were arranged, with the control group (CTRL, D1), adding the E. prolifera hydrolysate group (EPH, D2), adding the E. prolifera protein group (EPP, D3), adding the E. prolifera polysaccharide group (EPPS, D4), adding the E. prolifera meal group (EPM, D5). Five groups of largemouth bass were fed for 8 weeks. The addition of EPH, EPP and EPPS improved growth performance, final body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of largemouth bass and reduced feed conversion ratio, 17 % increase in WG of EPH group. Meanwhile, the addition of EPH and EPPS could improve the histomorphological health of the liver of largemouth bass, enhance the antioxidant properties of the liver (T-SOD, CAT, GSH), reduce the content of MDA in the liver, and reduce oxidative damage. The inflammation-related genes of the liver showed that the addition of EPH and EPPS could increase the expression level of anti-inflammatory factors and decrease the expression level of pro-inflammatory factors, which indicated that two E. prolifera products could effectively reduce the level of inflammation in largemouth bass, and the apoptosis-related genes in the liver showed that the addition of EPH and EPPS could decrease the expression level of pro-apoptotic genes, and cell apoptosis was reduced. This study suggests that EPH and EPPS can be used as potential functional additives to improve growth performance and liver health in aquatic animals.

本试验研究了饲料中添加浒苔草粉及其衍生物（浒苔水解物、浒苔蛋白和浒苔多糖）对大口黑鲈生长性能、肝脏抗氧化活性和免疫功能的影响。设5个试验组，对照组（CTRL, D1）、添加浒苔水解液组（EPH, D2）、添加浒苔蛋白组（EPP, D3）、添加浒苔多糖组（EPPS, D4）、添加浒苔粗粉组（EPM, D5）。5组大口黑鲈分别饲喂8周。饲粮中添加EPH、EPP和eppps提高了大口黑鲈的生长性能、末重、增重率和特定生长率，降低了饲料系数，EPH组的WG提高了17. %。同时，添加EPH和EPPS可改善大口黑鲈肝脏组织形态学健康，增强肝脏抗氧化性能（T-SOD、CAT、GSH），降低肝脏MDA含量，减轻氧化损伤。肝脏炎症相关基因显示，添加EPH和EPPS可提高大口黑鲈抗炎因子的表达水平，降低促炎因子的表达水平，说明两种增毒杆菌产品可有效降低大口黑鲈炎症水平，肝脏凋亡相关基因显示，添加EPH和EPPS可降低促凋亡基因的表达水平。细胞凋亡减少。本研究提示，EPH和EPPS可作为潜在的功能性添加剂，改善水生动物的生长性能和肝脏健康。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of candidate thin blade-related SNPs and genes in Pyropia haitanensis 海地焦皮虫薄叶片相关候选snp及基因的鉴定

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103243

Hongzi Song , Zhicong Gao , Qijun Luo , Yuting Zhang , Juanjuan Chen , Rui Yang , Peng Zhang , Tiegan Wang , Shanshan Zhu , Haimin Chen

Pyropia haitanensis, an economically important species of red algae, is widely cultivated in China. Agronomic traits of P. haitanensis, particularly blade thickness, influence product quality and processing methods. This study aimed to identify growth-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes for thin blades using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptome analysis. A total of 100 samples were sequenced, yielding 224,494 high-quality SNPs. GWAS identified 99 significant loci related to blade length, width, weight, and thickness. Transcriptome analysis revealed eleven annotated genes associated with thickness, including the triose-phosphate isomerase gene (PhTPI) that demonstrated significant upregulation in thicker strains. Integrative KEGG and GO pathway analyses highlighted enrichment in carbon metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and photosynthesis-related pathways, indicating their potential roles in regulating these traits. The TPI gene was validated by qRT-PCR, confirming its association with the variation in blade thickness. These findings provide a foundation for the molecular breeding of P. haitanensis with thin blades, thereby enabling enhanced precision in genetic improvement for better economic and processing outcomes.

海苔红藻（Pyropia haitanensis）是一种经济上重要的红藻，在中国被广泛种植。海棠的农艺性状，特别是叶片厚度，影响产品质量和加工方法。本研究旨在利用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）和转录组分析鉴定生长相关的单核苷酸多态性（snp）和薄叶片的候选基因。总共对100个样本进行了测序，获得了224,494个高质量snp。GWAS鉴定出99个与叶片长度、宽度、重量和厚度相关的显著位点。转录组分析显示了11个与厚度相关的注释基因，包括在较厚菌株中显着上调的磷酸三糖异构酶基因（PhTPI）。综合KEGG和GO途径分析强调了碳代谢、糖酵解/糖异生和光合作用相关途径的富集，表明它们在调节这些性状方面的潜在作用。通过qRT-PCR验证了TPI基因与叶片厚度变异的相关性。这些发现为薄叶片海檀的分子育种奠定了基础，从而提高了遗传改良的精度，从而获得更好的经济效益和加工效果。

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引用次数: 0

Feeding efficiency of predatory copepod on Ichthyophthirius multifiliis theront and natural dietary composition in fish pond 鱼塘中捕食性桡足类对多菲鱼的摄食效率及天然饵料组成

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103262

LiJun Wang , JinLong Li , BingWen Xi , Ting Qin , Kai Chen , Jun Xie , BaoJuan Yang

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a globally distributed, highly pathogenic ciliate of freshwater fish and threatens aquaculture worldwide. Biological control is an attractive alternative to traditional chemical methods, which face several limitations of efficacy and safety in fish farming. This study evaluated the predation efficiency of natural predators Cyclops vicinus and Thermocyclops taihokuensis on I. multifiliis theronts through indoor experiments, and determined the natural diet and dietary selectivity of C. vicinus in a fish pond using 18S rDNA metabarcoding. The results demonstrated that the two copepod predators clearly reduced theronts across concentrations of 10.0–166.7 cell/mL, with feeding rates ranging from 4.64 to 68.14 and 3.53–50.96 cell/ind/h under light, and 4.23–57.74 and 3.70–47.79 cell/ind/h under dark, respectively. Feeding rates of both predators increased with rising theront densities, and were concordant with Holling type II functional response curves. Light exposure significantly enhanced the feeding rate of C. vicinus on theronts under the experimental concentrations (P < 0.05), while no effect for T. taihokuensis. Comparative analyses showed that C. vicinus demonstrated significantly higher feeding rates than T. taihokuensis (P < 0.05), highlighting its superior predatory capability on theronts. Furthermore, 18S rDNA metabarcoding analysis of C. vicinus in situ dietary composition unveiled 34 eukaryotic taxa, confirming its generalist omnivorous diets, and Ivlev’s electivity index indicated positive selection for diatoms (E = 0.76), green algae (E = 0.31), rotifers (E = 0.87), and ciliates (E = 0.34). In conclusion, the findings suggest that C. vicinus could be used as a biocontrol agent against I. multifiliis infection in aquaculture.

多filiis是一种全球分布的高致病性淡水鱼纤毛虫，威胁着世界范围内的水产养殖。生物防治是一种有吸引力的替代传统化学方法的方法，传统化学方法在养鱼的有效性和安全性方面存在一些局限性。本研究通过室内实验评价了自然天敌毒独眼虫（Cyclops vicinus）和台湾热独眼虫（Thermocyclops taihokuensis）对多filiis的捕食效率，并利用18S rDNA元编码技术确定了鱼塘中毒独眼虫的自然食性和食性选择性。结果表明，在10.0 ~ 166.7 cells /mL的浓度范围内，两种桡足类捕食者的取食率分别为4.64 ~ 68.14和3.53 ~ 50.96 cells /ind/h，在黑暗条件下取食率分别为4.23 ~ 57.74和3.70 ~ 47.79 cells /ind/h。两种捕食者的取食率均随密度的增加而增加，符合Holling II型功能响应曲线。光照显著提高了实验浓度下毒弧菌对田鼠的取食率（P <； 0.05），而对台北田鼠无影响。对比分析表明，毒蠓的取食率显著高于台北蠓（P <； 0.05），表明其对蠓的捕食能力更强。此外，18S rDNA元编码分析揭示了34个真核类群，证实了其杂食性饮食，Ivlev选择性指数显示正选择硅藻（E = 0.76）、绿藻（E = 0.31）、轮虫（E = 0.87）和纤毛虫（E = 0.34）。综上所述，该菌可作为水产养殖中多毛虫感染的生物防治剂。

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引用次数: 0