Aquaculture Reports最新文献_第2页

Histological chronology and thermosensitive period of gonadal sex differentiation in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) 大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）性腺性别分化的组织学年代学和热敏期

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103307

Zhen Meng , Luyao Cheng , Peng Hu , Xinfu Liu , Hesen Zhang , Bin Liu , Zhi Yang

The turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), an economically significant marine flatfish with a ZW/ZZ sex determination system, exhibits marked sexual growth dimorphism favoring females, making all-female culture a key aquaculture objective. However, effective sex control requires precise understanding of gonadal differentiation timing and environmental influences. This study combined detailed histological analysis with systematic temperature manipulation to establish the chronology of gonadal development and identify the thermosensitive window for sex determination. Histological examination revealed that ovarian differentiation, marked by cavity formation, commenced at 45 days post-hatching (dph) (37.4 mm TL), preceding the appearance of meiotic oocytes at 65 dph. Testicular differentiation occurred later at 65 dph (50.4 mm TL), demonstrating delayed development compared to ovaries. Through controlled temperature exposures at different developmental stages, we identified a critical thermosensitive window spanning 28–54 dph (20.05–43.00 mm TL), with the most sensitive period confined to 28–40 dph (20.05–30.11 mm TL). Exposure to 25°C during this window induced significant masculinization, yielding up to 74.3 % phenotypic males, while maintaining 18°C throughout this period not only preserved a balanced 1:1 sex ratio but also supported optimal growth performance. These findings establish that the thermosensitive period precedes histological gonadal differentiation, indicating that sex determination in turbot occurs earlier than previously recognized and is strongly influenced by temperature during a defined developmental window. Our results provide crucial insights for developing temperature-based sex control protocols, enabling reliable production of all-female populations through precise thermal management during early juvenile stages.

大比目鱼（schophthalmus maximus）是一种具有经济意义的海洋比目鱼，具有ZW/ZZ性别决定系统，表现出明显的雌雄生长二态性，有利于雌性，使全雌性养殖成为关键的养殖目标。然而，有效的性别控制需要对性腺分化时间和环境影响的精确理解。本研究结合详细的组织学分析和系统的温度操作来建立性腺发育的年表，并确定性别决定的热敏窗口。组织学检查显示卵巢分化，以腔形成为标志，开始于孵化后45天（dph）（37.4 mm TL），在65 dph时出现减数分裂卵母细胞。睾丸分化发生晚于65 dph(50.4 mm TL)，与卵巢相比发育迟缓。通过控制不同发育阶段的温度暴露，我们确定了28-54 dph（20.05-43.00 mm TL）的临界热敏期，其中最敏感期限制在28-40 dph（20.05-30.11 mm TL）。在这段时间内，暴露在25°C下可诱导显著的雄性化，产生高达74.3 %的表型雄性，而在这段时间内保持18°C不仅保持了平衡的1:1性别比例，而且还支持了最佳的生长性能。这些发现表明，热敏期先于性腺分化，表明大比目鱼的性别决定发生的时间比之前认识到的要早，并且在一个确定的发育窗口中受到温度的强烈影响。我们的研究结果为开发基于温度的性别控制协议提供了重要见解，通过在幼年早期进行精确的温度管理，可以可靠地生产全雌性种群。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-omics insights into inulin mediated enhancement of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) growth during the summer season heat stress 菊粉介导的大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）在夏季热胁迫下生长的多组学研究

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103297

Xiaolong Yin , Chengzhang Huang , Kai Xu , Huirong Lv , Zhangjie Chu , Jungyeol Park , Junwook Hur , Yang Gao , Weiye Li

Elevated mortality rates and growth suppression of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) under prolonged high summer temperatures present significant challenges for sustainable aquaculture. In response to these thermal stress pressures, this study investigates the effects of dietary inulin supplementation on the resilience and growth performance of juvenile large yellow croaker. Over a two-month period (July 14 to September 14), fish were acclimated and assigned to five diet groups containing 0 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.4 %, and 0.8 % inulin. Using a multi-omics approach (transcriptomic, metabolomic, and microbiomic changes) in liver and gut tissues, we assessed the effect of inulin in Larimichthys crocea. Results demonstrated that an optimal inulin level (0.4 %) significantly improved growth performance. Transcriptomic data revealed upregulation of genes involved in energy metabolism pathways such as glycolysis and fatty acid biosynthesis, alongside downregulation of immune and stress-related genes. Metabolomic profiles showed increased metabolites related to energy production and lipid metabolism. Gut microbiome analysis indicated a reduction in overall diversity but enrichment of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus, which correlated with higher levels of health-promoting short-chain fatty acids and amino acids. Integrated analyses highlighted strong associations between key microbial taxa and metabolic pathways supporting nutrient absorption and vitamin synthesis. These findings suggest that dietary inulin enhances thermal stress tolerance by modulating metabolism and gut microbiota, offering a promising nutritional strategy to improve large yellow croaker aquaculture under change-induced heat stress.

夏季高温下大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）死亡率升高和生长抑制对可持续水产养殖构成重大挑战。为了应对这些热应激压力，本研究探讨了饲粮中添加菊糖对大黄鱼幼鱼恢复力和生长性能的影响。在2个月的驯化期内（7月14日至9月14日），将鱼分为5个饲粮组，饲粮中菊粉含量分别为0 %、0.1 %、0.2 %、0.4 %和0.8 %。利用肝脏和肠道组织的多组学方法（转录组学、代谢组学和微生物组学变化），我们评估了菊粉对罗非鱼（Larimichthys crocea）的影响。结果表明，最佳菊粉水平（0.4 %）显著提高了生长性能。转录组学数据显示，参与糖酵解和脂肪酸生物合成等能量代谢途径的基因上调，同时免疫和应激相关基因下调。代谢组学分析显示，与能量产生和脂质代谢相关的代谢物增加。肠道微生物组分析表明，总体多样性降低，但有益菌（包括乳酸杆菌）富集，这与促进健康的短链脂肪酸和氨基酸水平升高相关。综合分析强调了关键微生物类群与支持营养吸收和维生素合成的代谢途径之间的强烈关联。综上所述，饲粮中添加菊粉可通过调节代谢和肠道菌群来增强大黄鱼的热应激耐受性，为改善变化诱导热应激条件下的大黄鱼养殖提供了一种有前景的营养策略。

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引用次数: 0

Shrimp hydrolysate-based palatability enhancer: A strategy to reduce fish-in fish-out ratio in marine fish species 以虾水解物为基础的增味剂：一种降低海鱼鱼入鱼出比例的策略

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103291

Mikaël Herault , Buddhi E. Gunathilaka , Vincent Fournier , Hervé Le Bris , Kyeong-Jun Lee , Bastien Sadoul

Reducing aquaculture’s reliance on wild fish remains a major challenge. Protein hydrolysates, often derived from food by-products, offer a promising, sustainable, and functional alternative to marine proteins. This study evaluated their use as a palatability enhancer (PE) by top-coating feeds with a low-dose liquid hydrolysate, primarily from shrimp, to reduce fish meal (FM) in juvenile red seabream (Pagrus major) diets. Experimental feeds included a high FM diet (HFM, 30 % FM), a low FM diet (LFM, 15 % FM) and two additional diets with 2 % PE top-coated (HFM+PE and LFM+PE). Six replicate tanks, each with 40 fish, were fed one of the diets twice daily to satiety for 15 weeks. Half the tanks experienced intermittent stress (1-min net chasing for one week, every 3 weeks). After the trial, fish were challenged with Edwardsiella tarda. Both basal diets resulted in comparable growth and feed efficiency. Reducing fish meal from 30 % to 15 % in the LFM diet resulted in a baseline reduction of approximately 25 % in wild fish use, as estimated by the economic Fish-In: Fish-Out (eFIFO) ratio. PE supplementation further improved growth (+5.6 % for SGR), health, and feed utilization (-7.5 % for FCR), enabling an additional 6 % reduction in wild-caught fish input compared to the LFM diet alone. The beneficial effects of PE were consistent despite intermittent stress, and survival following bacterial challenge was significantly higher with PE supplementation. In conclusion, liquid hydrolysate used as a PE provides a cost-effective way to reduce pressure on wild fish stocks while maintaining high feed performance.

减少水产养殖对野生鱼类的依赖仍然是一项重大挑战。蛋白质水解物通常来源于食物副产品，为海洋蛋白质提供了一种有前途的、可持续的和功能性的替代品。本研究评估了它们作为一种增味剂（PE）的用途，通过在饲料中添加低剂量的液体水解物（主要来自虾）来减少红鲷幼鱼饲料中的鱼粉（FM）。试验饲料包括高FM饲粮（HFM, 30% % FM）、低FM饲粮（LFM, 15% % FM）和另外两种2 % PE包被饲粮（HFM+PE和LFM+PE）。6个重复鱼缸，每个鱼缸有40条鱼，每天喂两次其中一种饲料，直到吃饱，持续15周。一半的水箱经历间歇性压力（1分钟净追逐一周，每3周）。试验结束后，对鱼进行了延迟爱德华氏菌的攻击。两种基础日粮的生长和饲料效率相当。根据经济渔入渔出比（eFIFO）估计，将LFM饲料中的鱼粉从30 %减少到15 %，野生鱼类的使用基线减少了约25 %。添加PE进一步改善了生长（SGR + 5.6% %）、健康状况和饲料利用率（FCR - 7.5% %），与单独添加LFM饲料相比，野生捕捞鱼的投入又减少了6% %。尽管间歇性应激，但PE的有益作用是一致的，并且补充PE后细菌攻击后的存活率显着提高。综上所述，液体水解液用作PE是一种经济有效的方法，可以在保持高饲料性能的同时减少野生鱼类种群的压力。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary oxidized rice bran on the coloration, antioxidant capacity, and immunity in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) 饲料中氧化米糠对斑点鲶鱼（Ictalurus punctatus）着色、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103287

Chunyu Xue , Leimin Zhang , Haifeng Mi , Dongyu Huang , Hualiang Liang , Mingchun Ren , Lu Zhang

To examine the impact of oxidized rice bran on body pigmentation and immune-antioxidant responses in channel catfish, four diets containing rice bran with varying oxidation levels were formulated for a 9-week feeding trial. The oxidation values were 1.28 mmol/kg (Control), 12.9 mmol/kg (TSR1), 24.3 mmol/kg (TSR2), and 36.7 mmol/kg (TSR3). Compared with the control, TSR3 exhibited a significantly reduced FCR, while plasma AST and ALT levels were markedly elevated in TSR2 and TSR3. Regarding skin pigmentation indices, L* values were significantly lower in TSR1 and TSR2, whereas a* values increased in TSR1–TSR3 and b* values in TSR2–TSR3. In muscle tissue, a* value was significantly higher in TSR3, and b* values in TSR1–TSR3. Both skin and muscle uranidin contents rose significantly in TSR1–TSR3, accompanied by a decline in tyrosinase levels that paralleled the reduction in muscle melanin content. Skin melanin concentration was significantly reduced in TSR2–TSR3. The expression of pigmentation-related genes (mitf, tyr, α-msh, etb, and camk2) in skin and muscle was markedly suppressed in TSR1–TSR3, while xdh expression was up-regulated. Concerning antioxidant parameters, MDA concentrations in skin and muscle were elevated in TSR1–TSR3, whereas T-AOC levels and the activities of skin T-SOD, GPx, and muscle CAT declined significantly. Skin CAT and muscle GPx activities were further reduced in TSR2–TSR3. Gene expression analyses indicated significant down-regulation of ifn-γ, nrf2, and il-10 in skin and muscle, as well as gpx in muscle within TSR1–TSR3, alongside increased keap1 and nfκb expression in skin. In TSR2–TSR3, gpx expression in skin was significantly decreased, and keap1 and nfκb were up-regulated in muscle. Overall, oxidized rice bran lowered FCR but adversely affected pigmentation, antioxidant defenses, and immune function in channel catfish

为了研究氧化米糠对通道鲶鱼身体色素沉着和免疫抗氧化反应的影响，配制了四种含有不同氧化水平米糠的饲料，进行了为期9周的饲养试验。氧化值分别为1.28 mmol/kg （Control）、12.9 mmol/kg （TSR1）、24.3 mmol/kg （TSR2）和36.7 mmol/kg （TSR3）。与对照组相比，TSR3组FCR显著降低，血浆AST和ALT水平显著升高。皮肤色素沉着指标中，TSR1和TSR2的L*值显著降低，TSR1 - tsr3的a*值升高，TSR2 - tsr3的b*值升高。在肌肉组织中，TSR3中a*值显著升高，TSR1-TSR3中b*值显著升高。TSR1-TSR3组皮肤和肌肉的铀苷含量均显著升高，同时酪氨酸酶水平下降，与肌肉黑色素含量降低相一致。TSR2-TSR3组皮肤黑色素浓度显著降低。皮肤和肌肉中色素相关基因mitf、tyr、α-msh、ethb、camk2在TSR1-TSR3中表达明显抑制，而xdh表达上调。在抗氧化指标方面，TSR1-TSR3组皮肤和肌肉MDA浓度升高，T-AOC水平及皮肤T-SOD、GPx和肌肉CAT活性显著降低。TSR2-TSR3组皮肤CAT和肌肉GPx活性进一步降低。基因表达分析显示，TSR1-TSR3中皮肤和肌肉中的ifn-γ、nrf2和il-10以及肌肉中的gpx均显著下调，皮肤中的keap1和nfκb表达增加。在TSR2-TSR3中，皮肤中gpx表达显著降低，肌肉中keap1和nfκb表达上调。总的来说，氧化米糠降低了通道鲶鱼的FCR，但对色素沉着、抗氧化防御和免疫功能产生了不利影响

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引用次数: 0

The food digestion strategies of three wild cold-water adult fishes 三种野生冷水成鱼的食物消化策略

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103293

Liangliang Xu , Peng Xiang , Sihai Min , Baowen Zhang , Hanxi Chen , Zesong Wang , Yanjun Jin , Fenglin Liu , Xiaoshuai Liu , Zhaobin Song

Herbivorous, omnivorous, and carnivorous fish represent the predominant trophic levels in cold-water ecosystems. These groups exhibit differences in food composition and nutrient intake based on their respective trophic positions. Understanding the mechanisms of food digestion in cold-water fish is crucial for effective population conservation and restoration efforts. This study employed several approaches, including food nutrient composition analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomics, to investigate the food digestion mechanisms in Schizothorax wangchiachii (herbivorous), Schizothorax kozlovi (omnivorous), and Percocypris pingi (carnivorous). A total of 45 gut samples of these three cold-water adult fishes were collected from the Jinping Dahewan range of lower reaches of the Yalong River. Significant differences were observed in the nutritional composition of the food consumed by these three cold-water fish species (Kruskal-Wallis H test; P < 0.05). The proportion of protein in the diets of cold-water fish increased significantly from 65 % in S. wangchiachii to 98 % in P. pingi. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria constituted the highest relative abundance in the gut of P. pingi (56 %), followed by S. wangchiachii (39 %), while S. kozlovi exhibited the lowest relative abundance at 30 %. Metagenomics analysis of the gut microbiota indicated that the intestinal microorganisms of S. wangchiachii and S. kozlovi were primarily enriched in cellulose and hemicellulose degradation pathways, whereas P. pingi was predominantly enriched in amino acid metabolism. Notably, the microbial flora of S. wangchiachii had the highest number of genes associated with xylanase, 1,4-β-xylosidase, and cellulase compared to S. kozlovi and P. pingi. Additionally, proteins such as homoserine/homoserine lactone efflux protein (K05834), as well as conjugal transfer pilus assembly protein TrbC (K12059), showed the highest gene abundance in the gut of P. pingi. Overall, this study serves as an important reference for understanding food digestion in cold-water fish.

草食性、杂食性和肉食性鱼类代表了冷水生态系统中主要的营养水平。这些群体根据各自的营养地位表现出食物组成和营养摄入的差异。了解冷水鱼类的食物消化机制对有效的种群保护和恢复工作至关重要。本研究采用食物营养成分分析、16S rRNA基因测序和宏基因组学等方法，对草食裂胸（Schizothorax wangchiachii）、杂食性裂胸（Schizothorax kozlovi）和肉食性裂胸（percocyris pingi）的食物消化机制进行了研究。三种冷水鱼所食食物的营养成分差异有统计学意义（Kruskal-Wallis H检验；P <； 0.05）。冷水鱼饲料中蛋白质的比例从望家鱼的65 %显著提高到平鳉的98 %。16S rRNA基因测序结果显示，P. pingi肠道中Proteobacteria的相对丰度最高（56 %），其次是S. wangchiachii(39 %)，S. kozlovi的相对丰度最低，为30 %。肠道菌群宏基因组学分析表明，S. wangchiachii和S. kozlovi肠道微生物主要富集于纤维素和半纤维素降解途径，而P. pingi主要富集于氨基酸代谢途径。值得注意的是，wangchiachii的菌群中与木聚糖酶、1,4-β-木糖苷酶和纤维素酶相关的基因数量高于S. kozlovi和P. pingi。此外，高丝氨酸/高丝氨酸内酯外排蛋白（K05834）和共轭转移菌毛组装蛋白TrbC （K12059）在平氏假单胞菌肠道中显示出最高的基因丰度。综上所述，本研究为了解冷水鱼类的食物消化提供了重要参考。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effect of kelp on lipid metabolism in the liver of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) 综合转录组和代谢组分析揭示海带对大黄鱼肝脏脂质代谢的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103284

Qiu-Meng Xiang , Hui-Xiong Liu , Jian-Ping Wang , Cong-Cong Hou

Larimichthys crocea is an important maricultured fish in China, yet the quality of its cultured counterparts is often inferior to that of wild fish, primarily due to the hepatic lipid accumulation induced by high-fat aquaculture diets. Given that studies have shown dietary kelp can significantly reduce hepatic lipid deposition in fish, this study explored its potential to ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation in L. crocea as a quality improvement strategy. Fish were fed a 3 % kelp diet for 8 weeks. Using histology, qPCR, enzyme tests, and integrated transcriptomics/metabolomics, we elucidated the lipid-lowering mechanism of kelp and its impact on liver physiology. The results demonstrated that kelp reduced hepatic lipid content. Moreover, it could upregulate leptin, reduce energy intake, and increase energy expenditure. Concurrently, key lipid anabolism genes (FADS2, FASN, ELOVL6, Acaca, LPIN1) were downregulated, indicating inhibited lipid synthesis. Furthermore, reduced lipid load significantly downregulated lipid-catabolism genes (ACOX1, PPARα), and this physiological feedback subsequently inhibited lipid degradation effectively. Integrated analyses showed kelp enhanced unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content. Importantly, kelp supplementation decreased the activity of AST, downregulated ferroptosis-associated genes (acsl1a, acsl5), and upregulated the ferroptosis-inhibiting gene GPX4 and stress-resistance genes (HSP70, HSP90), suggesting enhanced hepatic stress resistance. In conclusion, kelp-supplemented feed reduces hepatic lipid content in L. crocea by decreasing energy intake and inhibiting lipid synthesis, while simultaneously increasing UFAs content, achieving both lipid reduction and nutritional enhancement. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the application of kelp-supplemented functional feed in L. crocea aquaculture.

中华Larimichthys crocea是中国重要的海水养殖鱼类，但其养殖质量往往不如野生鱼类，主要原因是高脂肪养殖饲料导致肝脏脂质积累。鉴于已有研究表明，海带可以显著减少鱼类肝脏脂肪沉积，本研究探讨了海带作为一种品质改善策略，改善罗汉鱼肝脏脂肪积累的潜力。饲喂3 %海带饲料8周。通过组织学、qPCR、酶学测试和转录组学/代谢组学综合分析，我们阐明了海带的降脂机制及其对肝脏生理的影响。结果表明，海带降低了肝脏脂质含量。此外，它可以上调瘦素，减少能量摄入，增加能量消耗。同时，脂质合成代谢关键基因（FADS2、FASN、ELOVL6、Acaca、LPIN1）下调，表明脂质合成受到抑制。此外，脂质负荷的降低显著下调了脂质分解代谢基因（ACOX1, PPARα），这种生理反馈随后有效地抑制了脂质降解。综合分析表明，海带提高了不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）含量。重要的是，海带的补充降低了AST的活性，下调了铁中毒相关基因（acsl1a, acsl5），上调了铁中毒抑制基因GPX4和抗逆性基因（HSP70, HSP90），表明肝脏抗逆性增强。综上所述，海带添加饲料通过减少能量摄入和抑制脂质合成来降低罗非鱼肝脏脂质含量，同时增加UFAs含量，达到降脂和增营养的双重效果。本研究为添加海带的功能饲料在沼虾养殖中的应用提供了重要的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Towards overcoming shrimp maturation challenges in aquaculture production using multi-omics approaches: A review in captive penaeid shrimp 利用多组学方法克服对虾在水产养殖生产中的成熟挑战：圈养对虾的研究进展

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103301

Kanchana Sittikankaew , Umaporn Uawisetwathana , Wirulda Pootakham , Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri

Shrimp is a major global aquatic product, contributing significantly to both food security and the economy. Despite the increasing global production of farmed shrimp, challenges such as disease outbreaks, size variation, and limited reproductive success remain significant barriers to sustainable shrimp aquaculture. Improving reproductive maturation in captivity is therefore a key determinant for the long-term sustainability of the shrimp industry. Advancements in omics technologies, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and integrated multi-omics approach, have revolutionized our understanding of the complex processes governing shrimp reproduction. This review examines multi-omics studies from 2014 to 2025 that investigate shrimp reproductive maturation in different angles ranging from hormonal and genetic regulation impacts, dietary influences, and environmental factors. These studies have identified key hormonal pathways, tissue-specific markers, and regulatory genes associated with gonadal maturation in both intrinsic (genetic) and extrinsic (nutrients and environments) influences. The molecular mechanisms revealed by these advanced multi-omics studies enable targeted management of shrimp farming such as feed formulations optimization and aquaculture system development. Future perspectives highlight the need to harness insights from multi-omics approaches to promote shrimp maturation through sustainable practices, thereby eliminating invasive methods such as eyestalk ablation. Moreover, the current lack of comprehensive molecular databases encompassing nucleotide, protein, and metabolite information remains a critical bottleneck. Expanding and openly sharing these resources will be essential to maximize the power of integrated omics and accelerate innovation in shrimp aquaculture.

虾是一种重要的全球水产品，对粮食安全和经济都有重大贡献。尽管全球养殖对虾产量不断增加，但疾病爆发、大小变化和繁殖成功有限等挑战仍然是对虾可持续养殖的重大障碍。因此，提高圈养条件下的生殖成熟度是虾业长期可持续发展的关键决定因素。组学技术的进步，包括转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和综合多组学方法，已经彻底改变了我们对虾繁殖复杂过程的理解。本文回顾了2014年至2025年的多组学研究，这些研究从激素和基因调控影响、饮食影响和环境因素等不同角度研究了虾的生殖成熟。这些研究已经确定了在内在（遗传）和外在（营养和环境）影响下与性腺成熟相关的关键激素途径、组织特异性标记和调控基因。这些先进的多组学研究揭示的分子机制有助于对虾养殖的针对性管理，如饲料配方优化和水产养殖系统开发。未来的观点强调需要利用多组学方法的见解，通过可持续的实践来促进虾的成熟，从而消除侵入性方法，如眼柄消融。此外，目前缺乏包含核苷酸、蛋白质和代谢物信息的全面分子数据库仍然是一个关键的瓶颈。扩大和公开共享这些资源对于最大限度地发挥综合组学的力量和加速对虾养殖的创新至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of bile acid addition to a high-fat diet on the growth, body coloration, and lipid metabolism in red-white koi (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) 高脂饲料中添加胆汁酸对红白锦鲤生长、体色及脂质代谢的影响

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103288

Hongmei Song, Yixin Liang, Xuejie Wang, Xidong Mu, Chao Liu, Yexin Yang, Yi Liu

To study the effects of adding bile acids to high-fat feed on the growth, body color, and lipid metabolism of red-white koi (Cyprinus carpio var. koi), and to explore methods for improving the absorption efficiency of astaxanthin in colored feed, a 60-day feeding trial was conducted using fish initially weighing 14.81 ± 0.13 g. The control group (LB0) was fed a low-fat diet (34 % crude protein, 6 % crude fat), while the experimental groups were fed high-fat diets (34 % crude protein, 12 % crude fat) supplemented with bile acids at 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg. These groups were designated as HB0, HB150, HB300, and HB450, respectively. Results showed: (1) High-fat groups had significantly higher specific growth rate and weight gain rate (SGR and WGR) than the low-fat group (P < 0.05), with maximum values observed at 150 mg/kg bile acid. (2) Scale carotenoid content initially increased and then decreased with increasing bile acid concentration, peaking in HB300. Skin carotenoid content was significantly higher in the high-fat groups than in the low-fat group (P < 0.05), with the highest value in the HB450 group. On day 60, the a* value of the body surface color was significantly higher in the HB300 group than in the other groups (P < 0.05), and b* values were also significantly higher in the HB300 and HB450 groups than in the other groups (P < 0.05). (3) AST/ALT ratios did not fiffer significantly between the HB150 and HB450 groups (P > 0.05), but decreased significantly in the HB300 group (P < 0.05). TC content was significantly lower in the HB150 and HB300 groups than in the controls (P < 0.05). HDL-C and LDL-C levels decreased progressively with increasing bile acid supplementation, reaching their lowest levels in the HB450 group. (4) Liver tissue sections showed nuclear dissolution, displacement, and increased vacuoles in hepatocytes in the HB0 group, while liver cell size slightly diminished in the HB450 group. Overall, supplementing high-fat diets (with a fat content of 12 %) with 150–300 mg/kg bile acids improves carotenoid deposition, lipid metabolism, and astaxanthin utilization in koi fish.

为研究高脂饲料中添加胆汁酸对红白锦鲤生长、体色和脂质代谢的影响，探讨提高有色饲料中虾青素吸收效率的方法，本试验以初生体重14.81 ± 0.13 g的红白锦鲤为试验对象，进行了为期60天的饲养试验。对照组饲喂低脂饲粮（粗蛋白质34 %，粗脂肪6 %），试验组饲喂高脂饲粮（粗蛋白质34 %，粗脂肪12 %），并分别添加0、150、300和450 mg/kg胆汁酸。这些组分别被命名为HB0、HB150、HB300和HB450。结果表明：(1)高脂组的特定生长率和增重率（SGR和WGR）显著高于低脂组（P <； 0.05），在150 mg/kg胆汁酸时达到最大值。(2)鳞片类胡萝卜素含量随胆汁酸浓度的升高先升高后降低，在HB300达到峰值。高脂组皮肤类胡萝卜素含量显著高于低脂组（P <； 0.05），以HB450组最高。第60天，HB300组体表颜色a*值显著高于其他各组（P <； 0.05），HB300和HB450组体表颜色b*值也显著高于其他各组（P <； 0.05）。(3) AST/ALT比值在HB150组和HB450组间无显著差异（P >； 0.05），而在HB300组间显著降低（P <； 0.05）。HB150和HB300组TC含量显著低于对照组（P <； 0.05）。随着胆汁酸补充量的增加，HDL-C和LDL-C水平逐渐下降，在HB450组达到最低水平。(4) HB0组肝组织切片显示肝细胞核溶解、移位、空泡增多，而HB450组肝细胞大小略有减小。总体而言，在高脂肪饲料（脂肪含量为12 %）中添加150-300 mg/kg胆汁酸可改善锦鲤类胡萝卜素沉积、脂质代谢和虾青素利用。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative proteomic analysis of the three developmental stages and adults of Pacific abalone 太平洋鲍鱼三个发育阶段及成鱼的比较蛋白质组学分析

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103300

Jeong-hun Mok , Van-An Duong , Yejin Jeon , Jong-Moon Park , Mi Ae Kim , Ji-Hye Han , Young Chang Sohn , Hookeun Lee

Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) undergoes developmental transitions involving complex morphological and physiological changes from larvae to adults. To understand the molecular basis of these processes, we employed tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics across five developmental stages (trochophore and veliger larvae, juvenile, adult males and females).

A total of 4956 proteins were identified across all stages. The earliest transition from trochophore to veliger larvae showed 66 differentially expressed proteins, predominantly upregulated structural and motility proteins such as myosin and tektin, reflecting muscle and ciliary development. The notable finding was the juvenile stage, which exhibited the substantial proteomic changes with more than 1000 proteins upregulated. These juveniles showed extensive metabolic pathway activation with ATP-citrate synthase-like isoform X1 markedly upregulated, while adults demonstrated metabolic downregulation and sex-specific reproductive protein upregulation including sperm-associated antigen 6 in males and vitellogenin-3-like in females.

These findings indicate that the most significant proteome shift occurs at the juvenile stage, marked by a transition from structure- and motility-related proteins predominant in the larval stage to metabolism-related proteins. This shift reflects the culmination of metamorphosis and the onset of subsequent body growth. Subsequently, adults showed a clear proteome transition toward reproduction-related protein expression. These results demonstrate that the juvenile stage serves as a critical transition point between larval and adult stages, thus offering molecular insights for stage-specific aquaculture optimization such as environmental and nutritional strategies.

鲍鱼（Haliotis discus hannai）经历了从幼虫到成鱼的复杂形态和生理变化的发育转变。为了了解这些过程的分子基础，我们采用了串联质量标记的定量蛋白质组学方法，跨越了五个发育阶段（trochophore和veliger幼虫，幼年，成年雄性和雌性）。在所有阶段共鉴定出4956种蛋白质。最早从栉水母幼虫向栉水母幼虫转变时，有66种差异表达蛋白，主要是结构和运动蛋白如肌球蛋白和tektin的上调，反映了肌肉和纤毛的发育。值得注意的是在幼鱼阶段，表现出大量的蛋白质组学变化，超过1000个蛋白质上调。这些幼鱼表现出广泛的代谢途径激活，atp -柠檬酸合成酶样亚型X1显着上调，而成年鱼表现出代谢下调和性别特异性生殖蛋白上调，包括雄性精子相关抗原6和雌性卵黄蛋白原-3样。这些发现表明，最显著的蛋白质组转变发生在幼鱼阶段，标志着从幼虫阶段主导的结构和运动相关蛋白质向代谢相关蛋白质的转变。这种转变反映了变态的高潮和随后身体生长的开始。随后，成虫表现出向生殖相关蛋白表达的明显蛋白质组转变。这些结果表明，幼鱼阶段是幼虫和成鱼阶段之间的关键过渡点，从而为特定阶段的水产养殖优化（如环境和营养策略）提供了分子见解。

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引用次数: 0

Repeated mild air exposure improves green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) tolerance to stress: A transcriptomic study 反复轻度空气暴露提高绿泥蟹（Scylla paramamosain）对压力的耐受性：转录组学研究

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103278

Noah Esmaeili , Chenyang Wu , Peixun Chen , Jinsheng Zhou , Cong Yin , Chenyu Dai , Huanyu Zhang , Hongyu Ma

The present study for the first time tested the effect of repeated mild air exposure stress (RMS, 150 min) every four days on the growth, survival rate after acute air exposure, and relative pathways in female and male green mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) after 63 days. Further, to test the tolerance of these groups to the acute air exposure, crabs were exposed to the air until death and sampled after 24 h for omics analysis. The results indicated that RMS did not significantly decline growth, molting rate, and survival after 63 days. However, after acute air exposure (AAE) treatments, animals exposed to RMS, regardless of gender, survived longer than controls. Females and males showed different profiles of transcriptomics, so energy production relative pathways were enriched in all male tissues. Protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and apoptosis enriched with RMS are other evidence that the RMS group shifted to using available energy resources in the body during the farming period. After 24 h AAE, RMS groups showed upregulation of protein processing in the ER, plus DNA replication. Suppression of the biosynthesis of amino acids and energy production was observed as well. Females suppressed the biosynthesis of amino acids and energy production pathways, as well as other pathways related to amino acid metabolism. Female RMS did not show completely the same results, and ribosome was the main pathway that was downregulated in gill and muscle, as well as the biosynthesis of amino acids in hepatopancreas. Male and male RMS showed a similar response, and downregulation of protein synthesis and energy production pathways was observed. In conclusion, amino acid metabolism, energy production, and DNA replication were the key to air exposure response, and RMS could improve crab tolerance to stress.

本研究首次检测了每4天重复轻度空气暴露应激（RMS, 150 min）对绿泥蟹（Scylla paramamosain）雌雄在63天后的生长、急性空气暴露后存活率及相关途径的影响。此外，为了测试这些群体对急性空气暴露的耐受性，螃蟹暴露在空气中直到死亡，并在24 h后采样进行组学分析。结果表明，RMS对63 d后的生长、换羽率和成活率无显著影响。然而，在急性空气暴露（AAE）治疗后，暴露于RMS的动物，无论性别，都比对照组存活时间更长。雌性和雄性表现出不同的转录组学特征，因此能量产生的相关途径在所有雄性组织中都丰富。内质网（ER）的蛋白质加工和RMS富集的细胞凋亡是RMS组在耕作期间转向利用体内可用能量资源的另一个证据。24 h AAE后，RMS组内质网蛋白加工上调，DNA复制上调。氨基酸的生物合成和能量的产生也受到抑制。雌性抑制氨基酸的生物合成和能量产生途径，以及其他与氨基酸代谢相关的途径。雌性RMS没有显示出完全相同的结果，核糖体是鳃和肌肉中下调的主要途径，肝胰腺中氨基酸的生物合成也是如此。雄性和雄性RMS表现出类似的反应，并且观察到蛋白质合成和能量产生途径的下调。综上所述，氨基酸代谢、能量产生和DNA复制是空气暴露反应的关键，RMS可以提高螃蟹对胁迫的耐受性。

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引用次数: 0