Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1989-8436.10.3.92
A. Poznyak, D. Kashirskikh, Victoria A Khotina, A. Grechko, Alex, E. N. Orekhov
Background: Atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Atherosclerosis development involves several pathological processes, including alterations of the blood lipid profile, chronic inflammation and thrombogenesis. The existing therapies for atherosclerosis are aimed at normalization of the lipid profile, reduction of cardiovascular risks and inflammation and alleviation of symptoms. Despite the certain progress made in the field, more efficient and direct approaches are needed to battle the disease effectively. Enzymes that are up-regulated or play key roles in various pathologies are traditionally regarded as potential therapeutic targets. Methods and findings: We searched MEDLINE for recent articles reporting on the three enzymes that are involved in atherosclerosis development: matrix metallo-proteinases, neuraminidase/sialidases and NADPH oxidases. These enzymes participate in matrix remodeling, atherogenic modifications of LDL particles, and oxidative stress correspondingly. Conclusion: The enzymes involved in atherosclerosis development, such as metalloproteinases, sialidases, and NADPH oxidases, appear to be potential therapeutic targets for the disease prevention and/or treatment. However, more selective and potent inhibitors of these enzymes need to be discovered before they become relevant for clinical treatment of atherosclerosis.
{"title":"Metalloproteinases, Sialidases and NADPH Oxidases as Key Enzymes involved in Atherosclerosis Development","authors":"A. Poznyak, D. Kashirskikh, Victoria A Khotina, A. Grechko, Alex, E. N. Orekhov","doi":"10.36648/1989-8436.10.3.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-8436.10.3.92","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Atherosclerosis development involves several pathological processes, including alterations of the blood lipid profile, chronic inflammation and thrombogenesis. The existing therapies for atherosclerosis are aimed at normalization of the lipid profile, reduction of cardiovascular risks and inflammation and alleviation of symptoms. Despite the certain progress made in the field, more efficient and direct approaches are needed to battle the disease effectively. Enzymes that are up-regulated or play key roles in various pathologies are traditionally regarded as potential therapeutic targets. Methods and findings: We searched MEDLINE for recent articles reporting on the three enzymes that are involved in atherosclerosis development: matrix metallo-proteinases, neuraminidase/sialidases and NADPH oxidases. These enzymes participate in matrix remodeling, atherogenic modifications of LDL particles, and oxidative stress correspondingly. Conclusion: The enzymes involved in atherosclerosis development, such as metalloproteinases, sialidases, and NADPH oxidases, appear to be potential therapeutic targets for the disease prevention and/or treatment. However, more selective and potent inhibitors of these enzymes need to be discovered before they become relevant for clinical treatment of atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"220 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79718809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.97
U. Narain, Arvind Gupta
Purple urine bag syndrome is a rare disorder, in which the plastic disposable urinary catheter bag turns purple or blue following hours or days of urinary catheterization. This investigation reports the case of a 58 years woman was previously diagnosed with CKD resulting from diabetic nephropathy and also had a positive history of hypertension who presented with purple urine bag syndrome.
{"title":"A purple urine bag syndrome in a CKD patient","authors":"U. Narain, Arvind Gupta","doi":"10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.97","url":null,"abstract":"Purple urine bag syndrome is a rare disorder, in which the plastic disposable urinary catheter bag turns purple or blue following hours or days of urinary catheterization. This investigation reports the case of a 58 years woman was previously diagnosed with CKD resulting from diabetic nephropathy and also had a positive history of hypertension who presented with purple urine bag syndrome.","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74132204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1989-8436.10.2.91
Hua-Wei Chen, A. Mochida, Philip Ching, C. Chao, W. Ching
Carrion’s disease is a human disease caused by an infection with Bartonella bacilliformis. Sand fly is believed to be the transmitting vector. Acute infection without treatment is life-threatening with fatality rates as high as 88%. PCR based diagnostic assays have been developed for detecting B. bacilliformis DNA in clinical samples. Genome sequence analysis of B. bacilliformis had identified a segment of 1,162 bp which is present at three different locations. In this study we have developed a qPCR assay targeting this Multiplecopy DNA Segment (MTSeq) to reach a higher sensitivity. The assay sensitivity was evaluated by three different sets of primers. The best set of primers yielded the detection limit of 3.3 bacteria per reaction. DNA extracted from sand flies fed on blood containing B. bacilliformis was also tested. Flies fed on Day 1 and 3 were determined as positive for B. bacilliformis; the results were consistent with the earlier study targeting pap31 gene. The consistency of the qPCR targeting the MTSeq was evaluated using samples containing 8.3 or 3.3 copies of genomic DNA. We demonstrated that 18 out of 36 reactions (50%) were positive for samples containing 8.3 copies of genome; similarly 12 out of 36 reactions (33%) were positive for samples containing 3.3 copies of genome. At the same time, only 8 (25%) and 2 (6%) reactions out of 36 reactions showed positive using primers targeting pap31, respectively. These results have demonstrated that qPCR targeting MTSeq is more sensitive for detecting B. bacilliformis than previous nucleic acid based method targeting pap31.
{"title":"A Highly Sensitive Quantitative PCR for the Detection of Bartonella bacilliformis by Targeting a Multiple-Copy DNA Segment","authors":"Hua-Wei Chen, A. Mochida, Philip Ching, C. Chao, W. Ching","doi":"10.36648/1989-8436.10.2.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-8436.10.2.91","url":null,"abstract":"Carrion’s disease is a human disease caused by an infection with Bartonella bacilliformis. Sand fly is believed to be the transmitting vector. Acute infection without treatment is life-threatening with fatality rates as high as 88%. PCR based diagnostic assays have been developed for detecting B. bacilliformis DNA in clinical samples. Genome sequence analysis of B. bacilliformis had identified a segment of 1,162 bp which is present at three different locations. In this study we have developed a qPCR assay targeting this Multiplecopy DNA Segment (MTSeq) to reach a higher sensitivity. The assay sensitivity was evaluated by three different sets of primers. The best set of primers yielded the detection limit of 3.3 bacteria per reaction. DNA extracted from sand flies fed on blood containing B. bacilliformis was also tested. Flies fed on Day 1 and 3 were determined as positive for B. bacilliformis; the results were consistent with the earlier study targeting pap31 gene. The consistency of the qPCR targeting the MTSeq was evaluated using samples containing 8.3 or 3.3 copies of genomic DNA. We demonstrated that 18 out of 36 reactions (50%) were positive for samples containing 8.3 copies of genome; similarly 12 out of 36 reactions (33%) were positive for samples containing 3.3 copies of genome. At the same time, only 8 (25%) and 2 (6%) reactions out of 36 reactions showed positive using primers targeting pap31, respectively. These results have demonstrated that qPCR targeting MTSeq is more sensitive for detecting B. bacilliformis than previous nucleic acid based method targeting pap31.","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85680079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.94
Yae Sung Mun, Yuan Li, Y. Seo, Y. Hwang
This study was to determine the relationship between pbp3 and pbp4 gene compared with mecA and TEM resistance genes expression patterns. Total 134 clinical S. aureus strains were subjected to 19 antimicrobial susceptibility tests. We detected resistance to methicillin (mecA), penicillin (blaTEM) and expression of pbp (Penicillin-binding proteins) genes. We were compared blaTEM, extended spectrum, carbapenem related genes and types of SCCmec identified. Total of 134 clinical S. aureus strains, 79 (58.96%) in methicillin resistance, and 77 strains carried mecA. Prevalence rates of blaTEM and pbp genes were 107/134 (79.85%) and 128/134 (95.52%). Multiplex PCR results revealed that the predominant SCCmec type among 77 mecA-positive MRSA strains were similer too SCCmec type II 41.56% (32/77) and type IVA 40.26% (31/77). Prevalence rates of type IVb, IVd and non-typable were 18.18% (14/77), respectively. From a total of 77/134 (57.46%) MRSA isolate strains, 35/77 (45.46%) were positive for extended spectrum, 40/77 (51.95%) for cephalosporins, and 35/77 (45.46%) for carbapenems. The predominant SCCmec type II had more carbapenem resistances than IVA, IVb and IVd. TEM and mecA gene expression were not correlated with pbp gene, and the properties of drug resistance were appeared not associated with pbp3, 4 genes.
{"title":"Penicillin Binding Proteins3 and 4 Relations between Resistance Phenotypes and mecA, TEM genes expression in Staphylococcal aureus","authors":"Yae Sung Mun, Yuan Li, Y. Seo, Y. Hwang","doi":"10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-8436.10.4.94","url":null,"abstract":"This study was to determine the relationship between pbp3 and pbp4 gene compared with mecA and TEM resistance genes expression patterns. Total 134 clinical S. aureus strains were subjected to 19 antimicrobial susceptibility tests. We detected resistance to methicillin (mecA), penicillin (blaTEM) and expression of pbp (Penicillin-binding proteins) genes. We were compared blaTEM, extended spectrum, carbapenem related genes and types of SCCmec identified. Total of 134 clinical S. aureus strains, 79 (58.96%) in methicillin resistance, and 77 strains carried mecA. Prevalence rates of blaTEM and pbp genes were 107/134 (79.85%) and 128/134 (95.52%). Multiplex PCR results revealed that the predominant SCCmec type among 77 mecA-positive MRSA strains were similer too SCCmec type II 41.56% (32/77) and type IVA 40.26% (31/77). Prevalence rates of type IVb, IVd and non-typable were 18.18% (14/77), respectively. From a total of 77/134 (57.46%) MRSA isolate strains, 35/77 (45.46%) were positive for extended spectrum, 40/77 (51.95%) for cephalosporins, and 35/77 (45.46%) for carbapenems. The predominant SCCmec type II had more carbapenem resistances than IVA, IVb and IVd. TEM and mecA gene expression were not correlated with pbp gene, and the properties of drug resistance were appeared not associated with pbp3, 4 genes.","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"131 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91488613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436.100089
Gabisonia T, G. I, Topuria N, C. L, N. M, C. N, Katamadze T, Loladze M, Tamarashvili N, Alibega Svili M, Kalandarishvili T, E. T
{"title":"Fersis-Phage against Purulent-Inflammatory (Staphylococcal, Streptococcal) Pathologies","authors":"Gabisonia T, G. I, Topuria N, C. L, N. M, C. N, Katamadze T, Loladze M, Tamarashvili N, Alibega Svili M, Kalandarishvili T, E. T","doi":"10.4172/1989-8436.100089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1989-8436.100089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78740606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.36648/1989-8436.10.1.89
T. Gabisonia, I. Giorgadze, N. Topuria, L. Chanishvili, M. Nadiradze, N. Chakhunashvili, T. Katamadze, M. Loladze, N. Tamarashvili, M. AlibegaSvili, Kal, T. arishvili, T. Eliava
The problem of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in infectious and non-infectious clinics is one of the priorities in practical public health. The application of phage preparations, as antimicrobial medioprophylactic remedies against staphylo- and streptococcal infections seems to be an alternative to antibiotics and sulfonamide preparations. Pronounced tendency of circulating pathogenic bacterial strains towards reducing sensitivity to antibiotics, also caused by irrational use of the latter, further confirmed our decision to create a new phage preparation. Based on the conducted studies the new variant of Fersis, an active, multivalent phage preparation, consisting phages against staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) and streptococci (S. pyogenes, S. viridians, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. agalacticae) causing oral cavity infectious diseases, has been prepared.
{"title":"Fersis-Phage against Purulent-Inflammatory (Staphylococcal, Streptococcal) Pathologies","authors":"T. Gabisonia, I. Giorgadze, N. Topuria, L. Chanishvili, M. Nadiradze, N. Chakhunashvili, T. Katamadze, M. Loladze, N. Tamarashvili, M. AlibegaSvili, Kal, T. arishvili, T. Eliava","doi":"10.36648/1989-8436.10.1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/1989-8436.10.1.89","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in infectious and non-infectious clinics is one of the priorities in practical public health. The application of phage preparations, as antimicrobial medioprophylactic remedies against staphylo- and streptococcal infections seems to be an alternative to antibiotics and sulfonamide preparations. Pronounced tendency of circulating pathogenic bacterial strains towards reducing sensitivity to antibiotics, also caused by irrational use of the latter, further confirmed our decision to create a new phage preparation. Based on the conducted studies the new variant of Fersis, an active, multivalent phage preparation, consisting phages against staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) and streptococci (S. pyogenes, S. viridians, S. sanguis, S. salivarius, S. agalacticae) causing oral cavity infectious diseases, has been prepared.","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80559344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-22DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C4-013
T. Itoh
{"title":"Validation study on lymphoma diagnosis using WSI","authors":"T. Itoh","doi":"10.4172/1989-8436-C4-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1989-8436-C4-013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87745061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-22DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C4-015
Melnyk Oksana Volodymyrivna
a synthesized compound of find the possible mechanisms of their effects on the activity of the NO-synthase system of lymphocytes, important regulators of adaptive possibilities of an of antibacterial and antifungal activity against the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Candida albicans by agar diffusion and serial dilutions, about 50 original thiazolopyridine were studied. Among these derivatives, the compound of N-[2-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-thiazolo [4,5-b]-pyridin-3-yl)-acetyl]-hydrazide of acetate acid was detected in the study. This compound showed high antimicrobial effect in comparison with amoxicillin/clavulanate using different test cultures of microorganisms. To determine the regulatory effect of N-[2-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-thiazolo[4,5-b] pyridin-3-yl)-acetyl]-hydrazide acetic acid on the NO-Synthase activity peripheral
{"title":"Antimicrobial and regulatory effects of thiazolo pyridine derivatives","authors":"Melnyk Oksana Volodymyrivna","doi":"10.4172/1989-8436-C4-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1989-8436-C4-015","url":null,"abstract":"a synthesized compound of find the possible mechanisms of their effects on the activity of the NO-synthase system of lymphocytes, important regulators of adaptive possibilities of an of antibacterial and antifungal activity against the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Candida albicans by agar diffusion and serial dilutions, about 50 original thiazolopyridine were studied. Among these derivatives, the compound of N-[2-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-thiazolo [4,5-b]-pyridin-3-yl)-acetyl]-hydrazide of acetate acid was detected in the study. This compound showed high antimicrobial effect in comparison with amoxicillin/clavulanate using different test cultures of microorganisms. To determine the regulatory effect of N-[2-(5,7-dimethyl-2-oxo-thiazolo[4,5-b] pyridin-3-yl)-acetyl]-hydrazide acetic acid on the NO-Synthase activity peripheral","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73367642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-22DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C4-014
S. Vidovic, R. An
{"title":"The influence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE on the acquisition of fluoroquinolone and cross-resistances in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis","authors":"S. Vidovic, R. An","doi":"10.4172/1989-8436-C4-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1989-8436-C4-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80034814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-08-02DOI: 10.4172/1989-8436-C2-007
M. Mohammed
{"title":"Towards the treatment and prevention of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections","authors":"M. Mohammed","doi":"10.4172/1989-8436-C2-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/1989-8436-C2-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8142,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Clinical Microbiology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91544115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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