Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials最新文献_第2页

The corrosion analysis of X80 pipeline steel welded joint using wire beam electrode and numerical simulation methods 使用线束电极和数值模拟方法对 X80 管线钢焊接接头进行腐蚀分析

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-12-2023-2932

Xiaohui Dou, Yadong Li, Xinwei Zhang, Shengnan Wang, Yang Cheng, Wanpeng Yao, Dalei Zhang, Yan Li

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to characterize the galvanic corrosion behavior of a simulated X80 pipeline steel welded joint (PSWJ) reconstructed by the wire beam electrode (WBE) and numerical simulation methods.

Design/methodology/approach

The galvanic corrosion of an X80 PSWJ was studied using WBE and numerical simulation methods. The microstructures of the coarse-grained heat affected zone, fine-grained heat affected zone and intercritical heat affected zone were simulated in X80 pipeline steel via Gleeble thermomechanical simulation processing.

Findings

Comparing the corrosion current density of coupled and isolated weld metal (WM), base metal (BM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ), the coupled WM exhibited a higher corrosion current density than isolated WM; the coupled BM and HAZ exhibited lower corrosion current densities than isolated BM and HAZ. The results exhibited that the maximum anodic galvanic current fitted the Gumbel distribution. Moreover, the numerical simulation results agreed well with the experimental data.

Originality/value

This study provides insight into corrosion evaluation of heterogeneous welded joints by a combination of experiment and simulation. The method of reconstruction of the welded joint has been proven to be a feasible approach for studying the corrosion behavior of the X80 PSWJ with high spatial resolution.

设计/方法/途径采用线束电极（WBE）和数值模拟方法研究了 X80 管线钢焊接接头（PSWJ）的电化学腐蚀行为。结果比较了耦合和隔离焊缝金属 (WM)、母材 (BM) 和热影响区 (HAZ) 的腐蚀电流密度，耦合 WM 的腐蚀电流密度高于隔离 WM；耦合 BM 和 HAZ 的腐蚀电流密度低于隔离 BM 和 HAZ。结果表明，最大阳极电化电流符合 Gumbel 分布。此外，数值模拟结果与实验数据吻合良好。事实证明，重构焊接接头的方法是以高空间分辨率研究 X80 PSWJ 腐蚀行为的可行方法。

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引用次数: 0

The corrosion behavior of AZ91 bulk alloy and thin films AZ91 块体合金和薄膜的腐蚀行为

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-04-2024-2998

Zhenlei Yang, Yuzhou Du, Bo Ma, Qian Wang, Chao Yang

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to campare the corrosion behavior of Az91 films and bulk sample, in the objective to provide reference for the corrosion resistance improvement of Mg alloys.

Design/methodology/approach

AZ91 films with various thickness values are produced by magnetron sputtering technique, and the corrosion behavior was characterized by immersion tests and electrochemical measurements.

Findings

The AZ91 films exhibited a preferred orientation with basal planes parallel to the surface and increased densification with the increase of thickness, and a superior corrosion resistance for the AZ91 films compared with the bulk sample.

Originality/value

The preferred (0002) basal planes in AZ91 films benefited the corrosion resistance and the nanoscale AZ91 films facilitated the development of a dense passivation film. Consequently, AZ91 film exhibited a superior corrosion resistance.

设计/方法/途径采用磁控溅射技术制备了不同厚度值的 AZ91 薄膜，并通过浸泡试验和电化学测量对其腐蚀行为进行了表征。研究结果AZ91 薄膜表现出基底面平行于表面的优选取向，并且随着厚度的增加，致密性增加，与块状样品相比，AZ91 薄膜具有更优越的耐腐蚀性。因此，AZ91 薄膜表现出卓越的耐腐蚀性。

引用次数: 0

Exploring optimization strategies for support vector machine-based half-cell potential prediction 探索基于支持向量机的半电池电位预测的优化策略

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-04-2024-3007

Shikha Pandey, Yogesh Iyer Murthy, Sumit Gandhi

Purpose

This study aims to assess support vector machine (SVM) models' predictive ability to estimate half-cell potential (HCP) values from input parameters by using Bayesian optimization, grid search and random search.

Design/methodology/approach

A data set with 1,134 rows and 6 columns is used for principal component analysis (PCA) to minimize dimensionality and preserve 95% of explained variance. HCP is output from temperature, age, relative humidity, X and Y lengths. Root mean square error (RMSE), R-squared, mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error, prediction speed and training time are used to measure model effectiveness. SHAPLEY analysis is also executed.

Findings

The study reveals variations in predictive performance across different optimization methods, with RMSE values ranging from 18.365 to 30.205 and R-squared values spanning from 0.88 to 0.96. Additionally, differences in training times, prediction speeds and model complexities are observed, highlighting the trade-offs between model accuracy and computational efficiency.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the understanding of SVM model efficacy in HCP prediction, emphasizing the importance of optimization techniques, model complexity and dimensionality reduction methods such as PCA.

目的本研究旨在评估支持向量机（SVM）模型的预测能力，通过使用贝叶斯优化、网格搜索和随机搜索，从输入参数估算半电池电位（HCP）值。HCP 由温度、年龄、相对湿度、X 和 Y 长度输出。均方根误差 (RMSE)、R 平方、均方误差 (MSE)、平均绝对误差、预测速度和训练时间用于衡量模型的有效性。研究结果该研究揭示了不同优化方法在预测性能方面的差异，RMSE 值从 18.365 到 30.205 不等，R 平方值从 0.88 到 0.96 不等。此外，还观察到了训练时间、预测速度和模型复杂度的差异，突出了模型准确性和计算效率之间的权衡。

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引用次数: 0

Hot corrosion behavior of selective laser melted TiC/GT D222 nickel-based composite in 75% Na2SO4 and 25% K2SO4 molten salt medium at 900°C 选择性激光熔融 TiC/GT D222 镍基复合材料在 900°C 下 75% Na2SO4 和 25% K2SO4 熔盐介质中的热腐蚀行为

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-06-2024-3031

Yuting Lv, Xing Ouyang, Yaojie Liu, Ying Tian, Rui Wang, Guijiang Wei

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the differences in hot corrosion behavior of the GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 composite in a mixed salt of 75% Na₂SO₄ and 25% K₂SO₄ at 900°C.

Design/methodology/approach

The GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 nickel-based composite were prepared using selective laser melting (SLM). Subsequently, the hot corrosion behavior of the two alloys was systematically investigated in a salt mixture consisting of 75% Na₂SO₄ and 25% K₂SO₄ (Wt.%) at 900°C.

Findings

The TiC/GTD222 composite exhibited better hot corrosion resistance compared to the GTD222 superalloy. First, the addition of alloying elements led to the formation of a protective oxide film on the TiC/GTD222 composites 20 h before hot corrosion. Second, TiC/GTD222 composite corrosion surface has a higher Ti content, after 100 h of hot corrosion, the composite corrosion surface Ti content of 10.8% is more than two times the GTD222 alloy 4% Ti. The Ti and Cr oxides are tightly bonded, effectively resisting the erosion of corrosive elements.

Originality/value

The hot corrosion behavior of GTD222 superalloy and TiC/GTD222 composites prepared by SLM in a mixed salt of 75% Na₂SO₄ and 25% K₂SO₄ was studied for the first time. This study provides insights into the design of high-temperature alloys resistant to hot corrosion.

目的本文旨在研究 GTD222 超级合金和 TiC/GTD222 复合材料在 900°C 下由 75% Na2SO4 和 25% K2SO4 组成的混合盐中的热腐蚀行为差异。随后，系统研究了这两种合金在由 75% Na2SO4 和 25% K2SO4（重量百分比）组成的 900°C 盐混合物中的热腐蚀行为。首先，合金元素的添加导致 TiC/GTD222 复合材料在热腐蚀前 20 小时形成一层保护性氧化膜。其次，TiC/GTD222 复合材料腐蚀表面具有更高的 Ti 含量，经过 100 h 的热腐蚀后，复合材料腐蚀表面 Ti 含量为 10.8%，是 GTD222 合金 4% Ti 含量的两倍多。原创性/价值首次研究了 GTD222 超级合金和通过 SLM 制备的 TiC/GTD222 复合材料在 75% Na2SO4 和 25% K2SO4 混合盐中的热腐蚀行为。这项研究为设计耐热腐蚀的高温合金提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

The failure mechanism of field polyethylene gas pipeline with gas leakage at electrofusion joint 电熔接头处气体泄漏的现场聚乙烯燃气管道的失效机理

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-04-2024-3000

Qing Bao, Baojin Wang, Manman Li, Chao Li, Jin Gao

Purpose

A section of in-service PE gas pipeline in Guocun, Beijing, was found to appear gas leaking at the electrofusion (EF) joint. This study is dedicated to reveal the material cause of EF joint failure to help with a more accurate prediction of service life of PE gas pipe and further normalize the construction of PE gas pipeline.

Design/methodology/approach

Defect detection was carried out on the leaking EF joint using ultrasonic phased array. The mechanical degradation and structural aging behavior was studied by tension test, FTIR technology, TG test and DSC test. The organic components in the soil surrounding the PE gas pipe failure area were qualitatively identified.

Findings

The results showed that the organic surfactants in the soil environment could accelerate the aging behavior of PE material, leading to a deterioration of mechanical properties and a serious reduction in the ability of the PE pipe and EF joint, especially at the welding defect, to resist external force.

Originality/value

A novel study was conducted to investigate the failure cause of the EF joint of in-service PE gas pipe, incorporating the analysis of environmental factors and structural deterioration.

目的在北京郭村的一段在役聚乙烯燃气管道上发现电熔（EF）接头处有气体泄漏。本研究致力于揭示电熔接头失效的材料原因，以帮助更准确地预测聚乙烯燃气管道的使用寿命，并进一步规范聚乙烯燃气管道的施工。通过拉伸试验、傅立叶变换红外技术、TG 试验和 DSC 试验研究了机械降解和结构老化行为。结果表明，土壤环境中的有机表面活性剂会加速聚乙烯材料的老化行为，导致聚乙烯管材和 EF 接头（尤其是焊接缺陷处）的机械性能恶化，抵抗外力的能力严重下降。

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引用次数: 0

Research on the corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of pyrimidine quaternary ammonium salt 嘧啶季铵盐的缓蚀性能及机理研究

IF 2.3 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-04-2024-3006

Minglu Shao, Zhanqi Fang, Mengjie Cheng, Lipei Fu, Kaili Liao, Ailian Chang

PurposeAt present, research on the preparation of corrosion inhibitors using modified pyrimidine derivatives is still blank. The purpose of this study is to synthesize a new cationic mercaptopyrimidine derivative quaternary ammonium salt, known as DTEBTAC, that can be used as a corrosion inhibitor to slow down the metal corrosion problems encountered in oil and gas extraction processes.Design/methodology/approachA new corrosion inhibitor was synthesized by the reaction of anti-Markovnikov addition and nucleophilic substitution. The weight loss method was used to study the corrosion inhibition characteristics of synthetic corrosion inhibitors. Electrochemical and surface topography analyses were used to determine the type of inhibitor and the adsorption state formed on the surface of N80 steel. Molecular dynamics simulations and quantum chemistry calculations were used to investigate the synthetic corrosion inhibitor’s molecular structure and corrosion inhibition mechanisms.FindingsThe results of the weight loss method show that when the dosage of DTEBTAC is 1%, the corrosion rate of N80 steel in hydrochloric acid solution at 90? is 3.3325 g m-2 h-1. Electrochemical and surface morphology analysis show that DTEBTAC can form a protective layer on the surface of N80 steel, and is a hybrid corrosion inhibitor that can inhibit the main anode. Quantum chemical parameter calculation shows that DTEBTAC has a better corrosion inhibition effect than DTP. The molecular dynamics simulation results show that DTEBTAC has stronger binding energy than DTP, and forms a network packing structure through hydrogen bonding, and the adsorption stability is enhanced.Originality/valueA novel cationic mercaptopyrimidine derivative quaternium-ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor was designed and provided. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the synthesized mercaptopyrimidine derivative quaternary ammonium salt corrosion inhibitor is simple, and the presence of nitrogen-positive ions, sulfur atoms and nitrogen-rich atoms has an obvious corrosion inhibition effect, which can be used to inhibit metal corrosion during oil and gas field exploitation. It not only expands the application field of new materials but also provides a new idea for the research and development of new corrosion inhibitors.

目的目前，利用改性嘧啶衍生物制备缓蚀剂的研究尚属空白。本研究的目的是合成一种新的阳离子巯基嘧啶衍生物季铵盐，即 DTEBTAC，可用作缓蚀剂来减缓油气开采过程中遇到的金属腐蚀问题。设计/方法/途径通过反马尔科夫尼科夫加成和亲核取代反应合成了一种新的缓蚀剂。采用失重法研究了合成缓蚀剂的缓蚀特性。利用电化学和表面形貌分析确定了抑制剂的类型以及在 N80 钢表面形成的吸附状态。研究结果失重法结果表明，当 DTEBTAC 的用量为 1%时，N80 钢在盐酸溶液中 90° C 的腐蚀速率为 3.3325 g m-2 h-1。电化学和表面形貌分析表明，DTEBTAC 能在 N80 钢表面形成保护层，是一种能抑制主阳极的混合缓蚀剂。量子化学参数计算表明，DTEBTAC 的缓蚀效果优于 DTP。分子动力学模拟结果表明，DTEBTAC比DTP具有更强的结合能，并通过氢键形成网状堆积结构，吸附稳定性增强。与现有技术相比，所合成的巯基嘧啶衍生物季铵盐缓蚀剂制备方法简单，氮正离子、硫原子和富氮原子的存在具有明显的缓蚀效果，可用于抑制油气田开采过程中的金属腐蚀。它不仅拓展了新材料的应用领域，也为新型缓蚀剂的研发提供了新思路。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and simulation analysis of mechanical property degradation of corrosion thinning of Q355 steel for transmission towers 输电塔用 Q355 钢腐蚀减薄机械性能退化的实验和模拟分析

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-03-2024-2982

Xin Guo, Jiesong Tu, Zhibin Fan, Baoshuai Du, Hongfei Shang, Jiangfeng An, Dan Jia

Purpose

Corrosion thinning reduces the effective cross-sectional areas of steel structures and degrades their mechanical properties. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the corrosion thinning of carbon steel for transmission towers and the degradation of its mechanical properties.

Design/methodology/approach

A macroscopic finite element model of a transmission tower was established and then combined with the corrosion thinning and mechanical properties of Q355 steel in different test periods measured in neutral salt spray, SO₂ atmosphere and wet heat environments to conduct a finite element simulation of a transmission tower with different corrosion thinning of Q355 steel.

Findings

When the residual thickness of the tower leg angle was reduced to 4.03 mm, the maximum stress solved in the simulation exceeded the yield strength, with the tower already at risk of collapse owing to corrosion failure under extreme conditions of basic wind speed.

Originality/value

This study innovatively utilises transmission tower finite element models and experimental data from mechanical degradation experiments to quantify the relationship between corrosion thinning and the mechanical properties of Q355 steel, ensuring the effective assessment of the mechanical properties of corroded transmission towers.

目的腐蚀减薄会减小钢结构的有效截面积并降低其机械性能。建立了输电塔的宏观有限元模型，然后结合 Q355 钢在中性盐雾、SO2 大气和湿热环境下不同试验周期测量的腐蚀减薄和力学性能，对 Q355 钢不同腐蚀减薄的输电塔进行有限元模拟。研究结果当塔腿角的残余厚度减小到 4.03 毫米时，模拟中求解的最大应力超过了屈服强度，在基本风速的极端条件下，铁塔已面临因腐蚀失效而倒塌的风险。原创性/价值这项研究创新性地利用输电塔有限元模型和机械退化实验数据，量化了腐蚀减薄与 Q355 钢机械性能之间的关系，确保了对腐蚀输电塔机械性能的有效评估。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and evaluation of Schiff base as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution 合成和评估作为 1 M HCl 溶液中碳钢缓蚀剂的希夫碱

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-03-2024-2976

Hojat Jafari, Elham Ameri

Purpose

The main purpose of the present study is to introduce new Schiff bases as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in 1 M HCl. The inhibitory activity of Schiff base was also assessed.

Design/methodology/approach

2,2′-((1Z,1′Z)-((2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis(azanylylidene))bis(methanylylidene))diphenol was synthesized and it’s performance as an inhibitor was then investigated in 1 M HCl. The inhibition of this compound was studied and evaluated by the chemical methods of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, electrochemical potential dynamic polarization and Atomic Force microscopy (AFM) method. The thermodynamics parameters were investigated for corrosion of carbon steel in both the absence and presence of Schiff base.

Findings

The results of the tests showed that this compound has a good performance as an inhibitor and the percentage of inhibition on steel corrosion will increase with increasing concentration and it will reach 70% in the presence of 2 × 10⁻³ M of this inhibitor. Polarization tests indicated that this compound will act as a mixed inhibitor. Nyquist curves showed that the addition of this substance to the solution increased the charge transfer resistance and decreased the capacity of the double layer. The absorption of the new Schiff base on steel follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the amount of free energy of adsorption indicates the spontaneous adsorption of this inhibitor. Using AFM investigations, the results of electrochemical methods were confirmed.

Originality/value

Incorporation of a new Schiff base into 1 M HCl is a promising approach for protecting the carbon steel against corrosive solution.

目的本研究的主要目的是引入新的席夫碱作为碳钢在 1 M HCl 中的缓蚀剂。合成了 2,2′-((1Z,1′Z)-((2,2-二甲基丙烷-1,3-二基)双(氮杂环戊烯))双(甲基环戊烯))二苯酚，并研究了其在 1 M HCl 中作为缓蚀剂的性能。通过电化学阻抗光谱法、电化学势动态极化法和原子力显微镜法等化学方法对该化合物的抑制作用进行了研究和评估。试验结果表明，该化合物作为一种抑制剂具有良好的性能，其对钢腐蚀的抑制率会随着浓度的增加而增加，当该抑制剂的浓度为 2 × 10-3 M 时，抑制率将达到 70%。极化测试表明，该化合物可作为混合抑制剂发挥作用。奈奎斯特曲线显示，在溶液中加入这种物质会增加电荷转移电阻，降低双电层的容量。新的席夫碱在钢上的吸附遵循 Langmuir 吸附等温线，吸附自由能的大小表明这种抑制剂是自发吸附的。利用原子力显微镜研究证实了电化学方法的结果。原创性/价值在 1 M HCl 中加入新的席夫碱是一种保护碳钢免受腐蚀性溶液侵蚀的有效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of different sealers on the properties of phosphate conversion coatings on 30CrMnSi alloys 不同封闭剂对 30CrMnSi 合金磷酸盐转化涂层性能的影响

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-01-2024-2959

Haonan Guo, Chunxia Wang, Hui Liu

Purpose

This study aims to investigate a chromium-free sealing treatment process to replace the chromate sealing process in response to the environmental hazards caused by chromate in the Phosphate chemical conversion (PCC) coating post-treatment sealing process.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, chromium-free sealing technology was used to post-treat PCC coatings. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the structure of the surface of the PCC coatings after the sealing treatment, and the corrosion resistance, hydrophobicity and bonding were tested using an electrochemical workstation, a copper sulfate spot-drop test, a lacquer bonding test, a contact angle meter and a neutral salt spray test.

Findings

Chromium-free closure makes the grain distribution on the surface of the PCC coating more uniform and dense, and forms an organic film on the surface of the coating, which significantly improves the corrosion resistance and hydrophobicity of the PCC coating, does not affect the coating film bonding force and has similar performance with potassium dichromate solution.

Originality/value

The results show that the corrosion resistance of PCC coatings after chromium-free sealing treatment is improved, and chromium-free sealing has the potential to replace chromium sealing.

设计/方法/途径本文采用无铬封孔技术对 PCC 涂层进行后处理。采用扫描电子显微镜研究了封孔处理后 PCC 涂层表面的结构，并使用电化学工作站、硫酸铜点滴试验、漆膜粘结试验、接触角仪和中性盐雾试验测试了涂层的耐腐蚀性、疏水性和粘结性。结果无铬封闭使 PCC 涂层表面的晶粒分布更加均匀致密，并在涂层表面形成有机膜，显著提高了 PCC 涂层的耐腐蚀性和憎水性，不影响涂膜结合力，与重铬酸钾溶液性能相似。

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引用次数: 0

Prediction of flexural strength in FRP bar reinforced concrete beams through a machine learning approach 通过机器学习方法预测 FRP 条形钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯强度

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q2 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1108/acmm-12-2023-2935

Aneel Manan, Pu Zhang, Shoaib Ahmad, Jawad Ahmad

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to assess the incorporation of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in concrete as a reinforcement enhances the corrosion resistance in a concrete structure. However, FRP bars are not practically used due to a lack of standard codes. Various codes, including ACI-440-17 and CSA S806-12, have been established to provide guidelines for the incorporation of FRP bars in concrete as reinforcement. The application of these codes may result in over-reinforcement. Therefore, this research presents the use of a machine learning approach to predict the accurate flexural strength of the FRP beams with the use of 408 experimental results.

Design/methodology/approach

In this research, the input parameters are the width of the beam, effective depth of the beam, concrete compressive strength, FRP bar elastic modulus and FRP bar tensile strength. Three machine learning algorithms, namely, gene expression programming, multi-expression programming and artificial neural networks, are developed. The accuracy of the developed models was judged by R², root means squared and mean absolute error. Finally, the study conducts prismatic analysis by considering different parameters. including depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement.

Findings

The artificial neural networks model result is the most accurate prediction (99%), with the lowest root mean squared error (2.66) and lowest mean absolute error (1.38). In addition, the result of SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis depicts that the effective depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement are the most influential parameters of FRP bars reinforced concrete beam. Therefore, the findings recommend that special attention should be given to the effective depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement.

Originality/value

Previous studies revealed that the flexural strength of concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars is significantly influenced by factors such as beam width, effective depth, concrete compressive strength, FRP bars’ elastic modulus and FRP bar tensile strength. Therefore, a substantial database comprising 408 experimental results considered for these parameters was compiled, and a simple and reliable model was proposed. The model developed in this research was compared with traditional codes, and it can be noted that the model developed in this study is much more accurate than the traditional codes.

本研究的目的是评估在混凝土中加入纤维增强聚合物（FRP）条作为钢筋是否能增强混凝土结构的抗腐蚀能力。然而，由于缺乏标准规范，玻璃纤维增强聚合物钢筋并未得到实际应用。包括 ACI-440-17 和 CSA S806-12 在内的各种规范已经制定，为在混凝土中加入 FRP 钢筋作为钢筋提供了指导。应用这些规范可能会导致过度加固。因此，本研究采用机器学习方法，利用 408 项实验结果预测 FRP 梁的准确抗弯强度。在本研究中，输入参数为梁的宽度、梁的有效深度、混凝土抗压强度、FRP 条形弹性模量和 FRP 条形抗拉强度。开发了三种机器学习算法，即基因表达编程、多表达编程和人工神经网络。通过 R2、均方根和平均绝对误差来判断所开发模型的准确性。研究结果人工神经网络模型的预测准确率最高（99%），均方根误差最小（2.66），平均绝对误差最小（1.38）。此外，SHapley Additive exPlanation 分析结果表明，有效深度和底部钢筋百分比是对 FRP 钢筋混凝土梁影响最大的参数。因此，研究结果表明，应特别关注有效深度和底部配筋百分比。因此，针对这些参数编制了一个包含 408 项实验结果的大型数据库，并提出了一个简单可靠的模型。本研究开发的模型与传统规范进行了比较，可以看出本研究开发的模型比传统规范更加精确。

{"title":"Prediction of flexural strength in FRP bar reinforced concrete beams through a machine learning approach","authors":"Aneel Manan, Pu Zhang, Shoaib Ahmad, Jawad Ahmad","doi":"10.1108/acmm-12-2023-2935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/acmm-12-2023-2935","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The purpose of this study is to assess the incorporation of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in concrete as a reinforcement enhances the corrosion resistance in a concrete structure. However, FRP bars are not practically used due to a lack of standard codes. Various codes, including ACI-440-17 and CSA S806-12, have been established to provide guidelines for the incorporation of FRP bars in concrete as reinforcement. The application of these codes may result in over-reinforcement. Therefore, this research presents the use of a machine learning approach to predict the accurate flexural strength of the FRP beams with the use of 408 experimental results.</p>\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>In this research, the input parameters are the width of the beam, effective depth of the beam, concrete compressive strength, FRP bar elastic modulus and FRP bar tensile strength. Three machine learning algorithms, namely, gene expression programming, multi-expression programming and artificial neural networks, are developed. The accuracy of the developed models was judged by <em>R</em><sup>2</sup>, root means squared and mean absolute error. Finally, the study conducts prismatic analysis by considering different parameters. including depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement.</p>\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The artificial neural networks model result is the most accurate prediction (99%), with the lowest root mean squared error (2.66) and lowest mean absolute error (1.38). In addition, the result of SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis depicts that the effective depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement are the most influential parameters of FRP bars reinforced concrete beam. Therefore, the findings recommend that special attention should be given to the effective depth and percentage of bottom reinforcement.</p>\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>Previous studies revealed that the flexural strength of concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars is significantly influenced by factors such as beam width, effective depth, concrete compressive strength, FRP bars’ elastic modulus and FRP bar tensile strength. Therefore, a substantial database comprising 408 experimental results considered for these parameters was compiled, and a simple and reliable model was proposed. The model developed in this research was compared with traditional codes, and it can be noted that the model developed in this study is much more accurate than the traditional codes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8217,"journal":{"name":"Anti-corrosion Methods and Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141501206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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